深圳市光明區(qū)2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期期末試題與參考答案

深圳市光明區(qū)2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期期末試題與參考答案第一部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestonline-learningplatformsEdPlaceAgerange:suitableforchildrenaged5~16Price:￡99peryearor￡15permonth,familydiscountpackagesavailableAnEdPlacesubscriptiongivesyourchildaccesstothousandsofinteractivetutorial（家庭教師的）worksheetscoveringthecorenationalcurriculumsubjects:English,mathsandscienceuptoGCSElevel.Worksheetscreatedbyteacherswithatleastfiveyearsofexperienceareassignedtoyourchildandadaptivetechnologytailorsassignmentstomatchyourchild’sprogress.TutorfulAgerange:anyagePrice:freetosignup,ratesaresetbytutorsNomatterwhatsubjectyourkidsneedabitofhelpwith,Tutorfulmatcheschildren（oradults）withtherighttutortoboosttheirconfidenceandmaximizetheirpotential.Youcanbrowsethousandsoftutorsandfilter（篩選）bylocation,levelofexpertise,andmore.YourFavoriteTeacherAgerange:suitableforchildrenaged13～16Price:14-dayfreetrial,then￡18.99permonthIdealforolderchildren,YourFavoriteTeacherisanonline-learningplatformthat’llhelpyourchilddobetterintheirGCSEexams,withEnglish,mathsandsciencecoursescreatedbyexperiencedteachers.Yourchild’ssubjectknowledgewillquicklyimprovethroughengaging,teacher-ledvideos.BBCBitesizeAgerange:suitableforchildrenaged5～16Price:freeBBCBitesizeoffersresourcesforabroadrangeofsubjectsfromKSltoGCSE.“Lessons”aredeliveredtoyoungerchildrenthroughengagingvideosandgamesandolderchildrencanaccessnotesfollowedbytaskstotesttheirknowledge.BBCBitesizehasresourcesspecificallytailoredtothecurriculaforScotland,NorthernIrelandandWales,too.1.HowmuchwouldanEdPlacelearnerwithanannualsubscriptionpay?A.￡15.B.￡18.99.C.￡99.D.￡180.2.WhatisspecialaboutTutorful?A.Ithasnoagelimit.B.Itoffersfreetrial.C.Itisfreeofcharge.D.Itisanonlineplatform.3.WhichplatformbestsuitsaScottishlearner?A.EdPlace.B.Tutorful.C.YourFavoriteTeacher.D.BBCBitesize.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)在線學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EdPlace部分“Price:￡99peryearor￡15permonth（價(jià)格：每年99英鎊或每月15英鎊）”可知，一個(gè)EdPlace學(xué)習(xí)者每年訂閱需要99英鎊。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tutorful部分“Agerange:anyage（年齡范圍：任何年齡）”可知，Tutorful沒有年齡限制。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BBCBitesize部分“BBCBitesizehasresourcesspecificallytailoredtothecurriculaforScotland,NorthernIrelandandWales,too.（BBCBitesize也有專門為蘇格蘭、北愛爾蘭和威爾士的課程定制的資源。）”可知，BBCBitesize適合蘇格蘭學(xué)習(xí)者。故選D。BWorkingoutwhichcollegestoapplyforcanbeoneofthemostdifficultdecisionsanyhighschoolercanface,butAlenagotitalloutofthewayearlyasshe’sonly13andalreadyhashermedicalschooloffer.Theapplicationprocessforthemedicalschoolwas“superstressful”,butshewasadamanttofollowherdreamsregardlessofwhatanyonesaid,evenifitwas“no”.“IfIcouldsayanythingtoanotherlittlegirlthatlookslikeme:neverstopbelievinganddon’tgiveuponyourdreamsjustbecausesomebodytellsyou‘no’.Youcandoanythingthatyouputyourmindandyourheartto,”shesaid.AlenaistheyoungestAfricanAmericanpersontogetintoaUSmedicalschool,andthesecond-youngestpersonoverall.Alenadidn’tjustwakeuponedayanddecidetogotothemedicalschoolwhileinmiddleschool—she’sachildgenius.Bythetimeshewas11she’dalreadytakenseveralhighschoolcourses.WhenAlenaturned12,shegraduatedfromhighschoolandiscurrentlyenrolled（注冊）inonlineclassesatArizonaStateUniversity.IfallgoestoplanforAlena,she’llstartstudyingtobeadoctoratage15,in2024,andgraduatewhenshe’s18whenotherkidsheragearepreparingfortheirfreshmenyearatcollege.Althoughshe’ssoyoung,ageis“notabigdeal”toherandsheisjustanormalkid.Sheexplained,“I’minhonorschoir,I’mincheerleadingandIplaysoccer.Ihangoutatthemallwithmyfriendslikea13-year-olddoes,andIalsogotothemoviesandgoswimmingwiththem.I’mverystructuredandverydisciplined.”4.Whydoestheauthormentionthehighschoolers’collegeapplication?A.ToshowhowfortunateAlenais.B.Toexplainhighschoolers’difficultlife.C.Topresentpreferencesofhighschoolers.D.TostresshowunusualAlenaistogettheoffer.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adamant”inparagraph2mean?A.Determined.B.Qualified.C.Innocent.D.Patient.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAlena?A.Sheisnowstudyinginahighschool.B.Sheistakingonlineuniversityclasses.C.Shewillbecomeadoctorattheageof15.D.SheistheyoungesttogetintoaUSmedicalschool.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAlena’slife?A.Stressfulbuthopeful.B.Cheerfulbutmeaningless.C.Richandcolorful.D.Simpleandfree.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了年僅13歲的Alena因?yàn)樽陨淼奶熨x和堅(jiān)持不懈的努力，成為被美國一所大學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)院錄取的最年輕的非裔美籍學(xué)生。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Workingoutwhichcollegestoapplyforcanbeoneofthemostdifficultdecisionsanyhighschoolercanface,butAlenagotitalloutofthewayearlyasshe’sonly13andalreadyhashermedicalschooloffer.（申請(qǐng)哪所大學(xué)可能是任何高中生面臨的最困難的決定之一，但阿萊娜很早就解決了這個(gè)問題，因?yàn)橹挥?3歲的她已經(jīng)收到了醫(yī)學(xué)院的錄取通知）”可推知，作者提到了高中生的大學(xué)申請(qǐng)是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)只有13歲的Alena收到錄取通知是多么不尋常。故選D項(xiàng)。5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Theapplicationprocessforthemedicalschoolwas‘superstressful’,butshewasadamanttofollowherdreamsregardlessofwhatanyonesaid,（申請(qǐng)醫(yī)學(xué)院的過程“壓力超級(jí)大”，但她wasadamantto自己的夢想，不管別人說什么）”中轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“but”和“followherdreamsregardlessofwhatanyonesaid”可推知，盡管申請(qǐng)醫(yī)學(xué)院很難，但Alena堅(jiān)持追逐夢想，所以劃線詞adamant與determined意思相近，意為“堅(jiān)定的”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“shegraduatedfromhighschoolandiscurrentlyenrolled（注冊）inonlineclassesatArizonaStateUniversity（她高中畢業(yè)，目前就讀于亞利桑那州立大學(xué)的在線課程）”可知，Alena她正在上網(wǎng)上大學(xué)的課程。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sheexplained,‘I’minhonorschoir,I’mincheerleadingandIplaysoccer.Ihangoutatthemallwithmyfriendslikea13-year-olddoes,andIalsogotothemoviesandgoswimmingwiththem.I’mverystructuredandverydisciplined.’（她解釋說:“我參加了榮譽(yù)合唱團(tuán)，我參加了啦啦隊(duì)，我踢足球。我像一個(gè)13歲的孩子那樣和朋友們在商場里閑逛，我也和他們一起去看電影，去游泳。我很有條理，也很自律?！保笨赏浦?，Alena的生活豐富多彩。故選C項(xiàng)。CRobotscomeinmanyshapesandsizes.Butperhapsthemostinterestingandacceptablearetheonesthatlookthemostlikehumans.Thesehuman-likeRobots—orhumanoids—areusedforavarietyofpurposes.Theyareprogrammedtohandletasksthatarenormallycarriedoutbyhumans.Employerspreferthesemechanicaldevicesformanyreasons:theyarecapableofworkinginanenvironmentthatisdangerousforhumans;theydon’tgetdistractedorneedtotakebreaks;theydon’trequestvacationtimeorasktoleaveanhourearly.ResearchersattheUniversityofArkansasintheUnitedStatessaythatthemobilerobotstheyhavecreatedareidealforthejobofhospitalattendants.Thesemobilerobots,knownasHelpMates,storeadetailedmapofthehospitalintheirmemory.Theyaremobileandareprogrammedtoavoidthingsandpeopleintheirway.Therobots’sensors（傳感器）candetectahuman’sapproachandquicklygetoutoftheway.Unlikehumans,theserobotscannotclimbstaircases.But,yes,theyknowhowtopressabuttonforthelift.Theytravelupthefloorsinstyle!ResearchersataMassachusettsuniversityhavegoneastepfurther.Theyarecreatingarobotthatcanconstantlychangeitsshapeaccordingtothetaskithastodo.Theserobotsarecalledpolymorphicrobots.Howdoestherobotchangeitsformanynumberoftimes?Thereisa3Dprinterplacedinsidetherobot.Thisprinterusesanozzle（噴嘴）tobuilduplayersofthermoplastictocreatethedesiredshape.Thermoplasticisakindofplasticthatsoftensuponheatingandhardenswhencooled.Theentireprocessofchangingforminthismanneriscalledtherapidprototypingtechnology.Oncetherobothasperformeditstask,itcanbemelted（融化）down.Itsthermoplasticpartscanthenberecycledintoanotherusefultoolbythe3Dprinter.8.Whydoemployerspreferrobotstohumanworkers?A.Robotstaketheshapeofhumans.B.Robotsaregoodattime-consumingtasks.C.Robotsarebetteradaptedtodangerousconditions.D.Robotshelptopreventhumanworkersfromtakingbreaks.9.HowdoHelpMatestravelbetweenfloors?A.Bytakingthelift.B.Withtheaidofhumans.C.Withthehelpofsensors.D.Bytransformingintoanotherform.10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusabouttherobot?A.Itsmajorfunction.B.Itsoperatingprinciple.C.Itsvariousshapes.D.Itsworkingtemperature.11.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inaresearchpaper.B.Inamedicaljournal.C.Inafinancialnewspaper.D.Inasciencemagazine.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。主要介紹了機(jī)器人的優(yōu)勢、醫(yī)院使用的機(jī)器人和根據(jù)任務(wù)改變形態(tài)的機(jī)器人的工作原理等。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“theyarecapableofworkinginanenvironmentthatisdangerousforhumans（它們能夠在對(duì)人類有害的環(huán)境中工作）”可知，機(jī)器人對(duì)危險(xiǎn)環(huán)境的適應(yīng)能力更強(qiáng)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“But,yes,theyknowhowtopressabuttonforthelift.Theytravelupthefloorsinstyle!（但是，是的，它們知道如何按下電梯按鈕。它們走上了時(shí)尚的樓層?。笨芍?，HelpMates在樓層之間是通過坐電梯移動(dòng)的。故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Howdoestherobotchangeitsformanynumberoftimes?Thereisa3Dprinterplacedinsidetherobot.Thisprinterusesanozzle（噴嘴）tobuilduplayersofthermoplastictocreatethedesiredshape.Thermoplasticisakindofplasticthatsoftensuponheatingandhardenswhencooled.Theentireprocessofchangingforminthismanneriscalledtherapidprototypingtechnology.Oncetherobothasperformeditstask,itcanbemelted（融化）down.Itsthermoplasticpartscanthenberecycledintoanotherusefultoolbythe3Dprinter.（機(jī)器人如何多次改變形狀？機(jī)器人內(nèi)部有一臺(tái)3D打印機(jī)。這臺(tái)打印機(jī)使用一個(gè)噴嘴來堆積熱塑性塑料層，以形成所需的形狀。熱塑性塑料是一種加熱時(shí)軟化，冷卻時(shí)硬化的塑料。以這種方式改變形狀的整個(gè)過程稱為快速原型技術(shù)。一旦機(jī)器人完成任務(wù)，它就可以熔化。它的熱塑性部件可以通過3D打印機(jī)回收到另一個(gè)有用的工具中。）”可知，這一段主要介紹了根據(jù)任務(wù)改變形態(tài)的機(jī)器人的工作原理。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Robotscomeinmanyshapesandsizes.Butperhapsthemostinterestingandacceptablearetheonesthatlookthemostlikehumans.（機(jī)器人有多種形狀和尺寸。但也許最有趣和最受歡迎的是那些看起來最像人類的機(jī)器人。）”，第二段“ResearchersattheUniversityofArkansasintheUnitedStatessaythatthemobilerobotstheyhavecreatedareidealforthejobofhospitalattendants.（美國阿肯色大學(xué)的研究人員表示，他們制造的移動(dòng)機(jī)器人非常適合醫(yī)院服務(wù)員的工作。）”和第三段“ResearchersataMassachusettsuniversityhavegoneastepfurther.Theyarecreatingarobotthatcanconstantlychangeitsshapeaccordingtothetaskithastodo.（薩諸塞州一所大學(xué)的研究人員更進(jìn)一步。他們正在創(chuàng)造一種機(jī)器人，它可以根據(jù)需要完成的任務(wù)不斷改變形狀。）”可知，文章主要是關(guān)于機(jī)器人的話題，是屬于科技類文章，因此這篇文章應(yīng)該是來源于科技雜志。故選D。DAnewUK-basedstudyontheeffectsofartificiallightonlocalinsectpopulationsfoundthatlightpollutionfromstreetlampsdisturbsinsectbehaviorleadingtoanoveralllossofinsects.“Wefoundthatstreetlightingstronglyreducedmoth（飛蛾）populationcomparedwithunlitsites...andaffectedmothdevelopment,”thestudystated.Thestudy’sresultsapplytoalocalizedlevelandcannotbeusedtodeterminewhethernational-levelpopulationsaredecliningduetolightpollution.However,itaddsfurtherweighttoexistingresearchonhowlightpollutionaffectsecosystemsandbiodiversityhotspotsandhighlightstheneedtoshifttoalternativesinartificiallightthatwouldtonedowntheseeffects.Theeffectsoninsectpopulationsarewide-ranging.Morespecifically,artificiallightaffectshowmothslaytheireggsandputsthematahigherriskofbeingspottedbypredators（捕食性動(dòng)物）.Italsoaffectsmoths’feedingbehavior,whichsubsequentlyleadstodeclinesintheirpopulationtoo.Lightpollutionthusjoinsahostoffactors,suchasclimatechangeanddeforestation,asoneofthedeterminantsofinsectpopulationdecline.Whilepreviousstudiesexaminedtheeffectsoflightingonbatsandothervertebrates,thisstudyfocusedontheirprey—creatureslowerdowninthefoodchain—and,asaresult,complementing（補(bǔ)充）previousstudies.Therefore,thestudyisconcerningbecauseitsuggestsanalarminglossofinsectscausedbyartificiallight,whichwillhavefar-reachingconsequencesforallthewildlifeandecosystemsthatdependonthem.Moreover,whitelight-emittingdiodes（LEDs）werefoundtohavetheworstimpactonlocalinsectsandecosystemprocesses.TheresearchersthuscallforshiftingawayfromwhiteLEDsoremployingprocessessuchasmotionsensorstomakethelightslessbrightandchangingcolorsandfilterstoavoidthenegativeimpacts.Ifthefindingsofthestudyareanythingtogoby,localinsectecosystemswillsufferconsiderableconsequences-whichwill,inturn,affectthewildlifethatdependsonthemand,ultimately,couldperhapsevenupsetagriculturalbalances.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewstudy?A.Itisconductedonalocalbasis.B.Ithighlightsthevalueofartificiallight.C.Itfocusesonthepreservationofinsects.D.Itmattersmorethantheexistingresearch.13.Whateffectdoesartificiallighthaveonmoths?A.Itmayputthemindanger.B.Itpreventsthemfromfeeding.C.Itmayleadtotheirextinction.D.Itdisablesthemfromlayingeggs.14.WhatdotheresearchersadviseustodowiththeLEDs?A.Toshifttogreenalternatives.B.Toadoptbrightercolorsandfilters.C.Toavoidadoptingwhite-lightLEDs.D.Toreplacethemwithmotionsensors.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArtificialLightandWildlifeProtectionB.LightPollutionandtheEndangeredSpeciesC.ArtificialLightHasNegativeEffectsonAgricultureD.LightPollutionfromStreetLightsCouldDriveInsectLoss【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。主要介紹了英國開展的一項(xiàng)研究：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)晚上街燈造成的光污染對(duì)昆蟲的數(shù)量有影響。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thestudy’sresultsapplytoalocalizedlevel（研究結(jié)果適用于局部水平）”可知，此研究是在某一區(qū)域范圍內(nèi)開展的。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“artificiallightaffectshowmothslaytheireggsandputsthematahigherriskofbeingspottedbypredators（捕食性動(dòng)物）（人造光會(huì)影響飛蛾產(chǎn)卵的方式，使它們更容易被捕食者發(fā)現(xiàn)）”可知，人造光會(huì)使得飛蛾處于更容易被捕食者發(fā)現(xiàn)的危險(xiǎn)中。故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheresearchersthuscallforshiftingawayfromwhiteLEDsoremployingprocessessuchasmotionsensorstomakethelightslessbrightandchangingcolorsandfilterstoavoidthenegativeimpacts.（因此，研究人員呼吁遠(yuǎn)離白色LED，或采用運(yùn)動(dòng)傳感器等工藝來降低燈光亮度，并改變顏色和濾鏡以避免負(fù)面影響。）”可知，研究者建議避免使用發(fā)白光的LED燈。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“AnewUK-basedstudyontheeffectsofartificiallightonlocalinsectpopulationsfoundthatlightpollutionfromstreetlampsdisturbsinsectbehavior,leadingtoanoveralllossofinsects.（一項(xiàng)基于英國的關(guān)于人造光對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)乩ハx種群影響的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，路燈的光污染會(huì)干擾昆蟲的行為，導(dǎo)致昆蟲的全面損失。）”可知，文章的主要內(nèi)容是路燈的光污染可能導(dǎo)致昆蟲死亡。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Althoughthe“nobettertimethannow”ideamakessomesensewhenitcomestoforminggoodhabits,thefactofthematteristhatyourwillpowerislimited.___16___Ifstressed,orotherwisenotinanormaldailyroutine,you’llfinditmuchhardertokeepupwithagoodhabit.Habitsaresomethingthatisdeeplyrootedinourbehavior.___17___Similarly,startingupagoodhabitisgoingtotakealotofworkandconditioning.Ifyoutrytotakeontoomuchatonce,youareprobablysettingyourselfupforfailure.Sofocusonjustonegoodhabitfornowandmoveontotheotherslater.Whileyourgoalmaybetoendupdoingsomethingeveryday（likeexercising）,it’sunlikelythatyou’regoingtobeabletoreachthatgoalrightfromthestart.It’sgoingtotaketimeandwillpowertoconditionyourself.___18___Startbuildingupthatgoodhabitgraduallyforamoresuccessfulhabitforming.___19___Ifyoucansetadifferentgoaleachweekorso,youcanmotivateyourselfwithoutgettingupset.Tryexercisingjusttwoorthreedaysthefirstweek,thensetaslightlyhighergoalforthenextweek,andsoon.Asyougetmoreusedtotheactofexercisingduringtheday,it’llbecomeeasierforyoutoworktowardyourendgoalofworkingouteveryday.___20___Themoreconsistentlyyoucanstickwithit,themoreyou’llwanttokeepgoing.A.Onceyoudo,keepitup.BYouareexpectedtostartsmall.C.Itisimportanttosetgoalsforyourself.D.Thisiswhyquittingabadhabitissohard.E.Youcandoanythingifyouputyourmindtoit.F.Thus,don’tbeatyourselfupifyoumissdaysatthebeginning.G.Consideringthis,it’sbettertowaituntilyourlifeisinorderbeforestarting.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.C20.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。主要講述了受人的意志力的限制，培養(yǎng)好的習(xí)慣并非一蹴而就，而是一個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)、持之以恒的過程?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifstressed,orotherwisenotinanormaldailyroutine,you’llfinditmuchhardertokeepupwithagoodhabit.（如果有壓力，或者不在正常的日常生活中，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很難保持一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。）”可知，要想保持一個(gè)好習(xí)慣，需要在正常的日常生活中。選項(xiàng)G“考慮到這一點(diǎn)，最好等到你的生活井然有序后再開始?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Habitsaresomethingthatisdeeplyrootedinourbehavior.（習(xí)慣是我們行為中根深蒂固的東西。）”和下文“Similarly,startingupagoodhabitisgoingtotakealotofworkandconditioning.（同樣，養(yǎng)成一個(gè)好習(xí)慣需要大量的工作和調(diào)節(jié)。）”可知，習(xí)慣在我們的行為中是根深蒂固的，所以要改變一個(gè)習(xí)慣很難。選項(xiàng)D“這就是為什么戒掉壞習(xí)慣如此困難的原因?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xD。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whileyourgoalmaybetoendupdoingsomethingeveryday（likeexercising）,it’sunlikelythatyou’regoingtobeabletoreachthatgoalrightfromthestart.It’sgoingtotaketimeandwillpowertoconditionyourself.（雖然你的目標(biāo)可能是每天做一些事情（比如，鍛煉），但你不太可能從一開始就實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)。調(diào)整自己需要時(shí)間和意志力。）”可知，好習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成需要時(shí)間和意志力來進(jìn)行自我調(diào)節(jié)。選項(xiàng)F“因此，如果你一開始就錯(cuò)過了幾天，不要自責(zé)?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyoucansetadifferentgoaleachweekorso,youcanmotivateyourselfwithoutgettingupset.（如果你能每周左右設(shè)定一個(gè)不同的目標(biāo)，你就能激勵(lì)自己而不會(huì)感到沮喪。）”可知，本段講述了設(shè)定目標(biāo)的重要性和方法。選項(xiàng)C“為自己設(shè)定目標(biāo)很重要?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Themoreconsistentlyyoucanstickwithit,themoreyou’llwanttokeepgoing.（你越能堅(jiān)持下去，你就越想堅(jiān)持下去。）”可知，一旦適應(yīng)當(dāng)前的節(jié)奏，你就要堅(jiān)持下去，行為越具有連續(xù)性，你就越能夠堅(jiān)持。選項(xiàng)A“一旦你做了，就堅(jiān)持下去?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選A。第二部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）.第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihavebeenalibrarianforoverthirtyyears.Ourlibraryisarelativelybigoneinourtownbutwhenthepandemic（流行?。__21___，ourservicewaslimitedtocollectingbooksoutsidethelibrarywithoutgettingoutofthecar.Ourstateconsideredusessential.Peopleforthemostpartwere___22___aboutit,andwehadmanyborrowerscomingtocollectbookseveryday.Theabsolutebest___23___，though,wasonewhocameeveryMonday.Shewould___24___，andwhenwecameout,shewouldalwayshaveasmileandtrytomake___25___.Thisgirlwould___26___borrowtentotwentybookseveryweekand___27___thempromptly（準(zhǔn)時(shí)地）everyMonday.The___28___thingwasthatthebookssheborrowedcameinvarious___29___:somedaystheywouldbemysteriesandsometimesclassicsornon-fiction.Sixmonthslater,whenweeventuallygotbacktonormal,shewastherewithabigplateofcookiesfromthelocalbakeryanda___30___withbeautifullyhandwrittenwordstoexpresshowmuchshe___31___ourefforts.Iaskedherifshewasreadingallthosebooks，becausehonestly,wewerealways___32___.Shelaughed,saying“Ireadsomeofthem,butIdidn'twantthe___33___togounderduringthehealthcrisis,soI___34___ifIcouldgetasmanybooksasIcould___35___，theywouldseethatthiswasanecessarything.”Iadmitmyeyeswerealittleteary.Andnowshestillcomesandgetsthatmanyeveryweek.21.A.ended B.settled C.hit D.disappeared22.A.enthusiastic B.understanding C.worried D.annoyed23.A.shopper B.assistant C.relative D.regular24.A.driveup B.throwup C.standout D.hangout25.A.sense B.money C.dinner D.conversation26.A.secretly B.carefully C.constantly D.directly27.A.donate B.return C.talkabout D.payfor28.A.silly B.odd C.hard D.natural29.A.types B.colors C.shapes D.tastes30.A.card B.book C.screen D.diary31.A.needed B.expected C.welcomed D.appreciated32.A.anxious B.serious C.curious D.nervous33.A.market B.library C.store D.state34.A.inquired B.regretted C.figured D.doubted35.A.checkedout B.givenaway C.soldout D.putaway【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.D26.C27.B28.B29.A30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了在疫情期間，有一位貼心的讀者為了讓圖書館能在特殊時(shí)期撐下去，每周都借10到20本書，讓州政府覺得圖書館是必須開著的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的圖書館在我們鎮(zhèn)上是一個(gè)相對(duì)較大的圖書館，但當(dāng)流行病來襲時(shí)，我們的服務(wù)僅限于在圖書館外收集書籍而無需下車。A.ended結(jié)束；B.settled定居；C.hit攻擊；D.disappeared消食。根據(jù)下文“ourservicewaslimitedtocollectingbooksoutsidethelibrarywithoutgettingoutofthecar”及結(jié)合句意，可知，因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)乇l(fā)了流行病，所以我們的服務(wù)是在圖書館外收集書籍而無需下車。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)人都對(duì)此表示理解，我們每天都有很多借書人來取書。A.enthusiastic熱情；B.understanding理解；C.worried擔(dān)心；D.annoyed惱火。根據(jù)前文中到的圖書館服務(wù)方式的變和后文中提到的“wehadmanyborrowerscomingtocollectbookseveryday”可知，人們大都是“理解”這一情況的。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，最好的?？徒^對(duì)是每周一都來的。A.shopper購物者；B.assistant助理；C.relative相對(duì)；D.regular經(jīng)常的。根據(jù)“wasonewhocameeveryMonday”及下文的內(nèi)容可知，最好的“常客”是每周一都來的那個(gè)人。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組詞義辨析。句意：她會(huì)開車上來，當(dāng)我們出來時(shí)，她總是面帶微笑，試圖交談。A.driveup開車；B.throwup吐出；C.standout站起來；D.hangout閑逛。根據(jù)文章第一段中“ourservicewaslimitedtocollectingbooksoutsidethelibrarywithoutgettingoutofthecar”可知，她是“開著車來的”。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她會(huì)開車上來，當(dāng)我們出來時(shí)，她總是面帶微笑，試圖交談。A.sense感覺；B.money金錢；C.dinner晚餐；D.conversation交談。根據(jù)本句中的“shewouldalwayshaveasmile"可知，她是面帶微笑，并試圖話題與我們交談。此處“makeconversation”為習(xí)慣搭配，故選D。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)女孩每周會(huì)經(jīng)常借十到二十本書，每周一準(zhǔn)時(shí)地歸還。A.secretly秘密地；B.carefully小心地；C.constantly不斷地；D.directly直接地。根據(jù)本句中提到那位女孩每周都借10到20本書，并且每周一準(zhǔn)時(shí)歸還，她是不斷的借書并歸還。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)女孩每周會(huì)經(jīng)常借十到二十本書，每周一準(zhǔn)時(shí)地歸還。A.donate捐贈(zèng)；B.return歸還；C.talkabout談?wù)?；D.payfor支付。根據(jù)本句中提到那位女孩每周都借10到20本書，并且每周一準(zhǔn)時(shí)歸還，她是不斷的借書并歸還。故選B。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：奇怪的是，她借來的書有各種各樣的類型：有時(shí)它們是神秘的，有時(shí)是經(jīng)典或非小說。A.silly愚蠢的；B.odd奇怪的；C.hard硬的；D.natural自然的。根據(jù)本句中“somedaystheywouldbemysteriesandsometimesclassicsornon-fiction”可知，女孩借的書的種類五花八門，這很“奇怪”。故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：奇怪的是，她借來的書有各種各樣的類型：有時(shí)它們是神秘的，有時(shí)是經(jīng)典或非小說。A.types類型；B.colors顏色；C.shapes形狀；D.tastes口味。根據(jù)本句中“somedaystheywouldbemysteriesandsometimesclassicsornon-fiction”可知，女孩借的書的種類五花八門，是很多類型的。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：六個(gè)月后，當(dāng)我們最終恢復(fù)正常時(shí)，她帶著一大盤當(dāng)?shù)孛姘甑娘灨珊鸵粡埵謱懢赖目ㄆ员磉_(dá)她對(duì)我們努力的贊賞。A.card卡片；B.book書籍；C.screen屏幕；D.diary日記。根據(jù)本句中的“withbeautifullyhandwrittenwordstoexpresshowmuchshe___11___ourefforts.”可知，她來的時(shí)候，帶著一大盤從面包店買的餅干和一張寫有漂亮的手寫文字的“卡片”，故選A。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：六個(gè)月后，當(dāng)我們最終恢復(fù)正常時(shí)，她帶著一大盤當(dāng)?shù)孛姘甑娘灨珊鸵粡埵謱懢赖目ㄆ?，以表達(dá)她對(duì)我們努力的贊賞。A.needed需要；B.expected期望；C.welcomed歡迎；D.appreciated贊賞。根據(jù)本句中的“withbeautifullyhandwrittenwordstoexpresshowmuchshe___11___ourefforts.”可知，她來的時(shí)候，帶著一大盤從面包店買的餅干和一張寫有漂亮的手寫文字的“卡片”，來表達(dá)她是多么感激我們的付出。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我問她是否在讀所有這些書，因?yàn)槔蠈?shí)說，我們總是很好奇。A.anxious焦慮的；B.serious嚴(yán)重的；C.curious好奇的；D.nervous緊張的。根據(jù)上文中“borrowtentotwentybookseveryweek”所埋下的伏筆可知，作者及圖書館的人很“好奇”女孩是否能讀完借的那么多書。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她笑著說：“我讀了一些，但我不希望圖書館在健康危機(jī)期間倒閉，所以我想如果我能得到盡可能多的書，他們就會(huì)看到這是必要的”。A.market市場；B.library圖書館；C.store商店；D.state狀態(tài)。結(jié)合文意，女孩每周都去圖書館借很多書，但是她只是讀了其中的一部分，目的就是為了讓“圖書館”不會(huì)因?yàn)榱餍胁]有人去而關(guān)門。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她笑著說：“我讀了一些，但我不希望圖書館在健康危機(jī)期間倒閉，所以我想如果我能得到盡可能多書，他們就會(huì)看到這是必要的”。A.inquired詢問；B.regretted后悔；C.figured認(rèn)為；D.doubted懷疑。女孩“認(rèn)為”如果借盡可能多的書，州政府會(huì)認(rèn)為圖書館在疫情期間的開放是必要的。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組詞義辨析。句意：她笑著說：“我讀了一些，但我不希望圖書館在健康危機(jī)期間倒閉，所以我想如果我能得到盡可能多的書，他們就會(huì)看到這是必要的”。A.checkedout借出；B.givenaway送出；C.soldout售罄；D.putaway收起。根據(jù)前文中“Thisgirlwouldconstantlyborrowtentotwentybookseveryweek”可知，女孩是借盡可能多的書。此處“checkedout”為習(xí)慣搭配，意為“（從圖書館將書）借出”。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Youcancallitafitnesstrendoramindfulnesspracticeorabitofboth.Butwhat___36___（exact）isforestbathing?ThetermemergedinJapaninthe1980sasaphysiological（生理上的）andpsychologicalexercise___37___（call）shinrin-yoku（“forestbathing"or“takingintheforestatmosphere”）.Thepurposewastwofold:toofferaneco-treatmenttotechburnout___38___inspirepeopletoreconnectwithandprotectthecountry'sforests.TheJapanesequicklyacceptedthisformofeco-treatment.Inthe1990s,researchers___39___（begin）studyingthephysiologicalbenefitsofforestbathing，providingthesciencetosupport___40___weinnately（與生俱來地）know:timespentimmersed（沉浸）innatureisgoodfor___41___（we）.WhileJapaniscreditedwiththetermshinrin-yoku,theconceptattheheartofthepractice___42___（be）notnew.Manycultureshavelongrecognizedthe___43___（important）ofnaturetohumanhealth.Forestbathingisnotjustforthewilderness-lover;thepracticecanbeassimpleaswalkinginany___44___（nature）environmentandconnectingwithwhatisaroundyou.For____45____moresystematicexperience,youcanjointrainedguidesforathoughtfultwo-houreco-treatmentjourney.【答案】36.exactly37.called38.and39.began40.what41.us42.is43.importance44.natural45.a【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了20世紀(jì)80年代在日本出現(xiàn)的森林浴，這種生態(tài)療法有益身心。【36題詳解】考查副詞。句意：但是，準(zhǔn)確地說什么是森林浴呢？分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)填入副詞作方式狀語修飾系動(dòng)詞be，故填exactly?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：作為一種稱之為森林浴的身心療法，這個(gè)術(shù)語于20世紀(jì)80年代在日本出現(xiàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處不作謂語，所以動(dòng)詞call只能使用非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，又因與其邏輯主語exercise之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用過去分詞形式，故填called?！?8題詳解】考查并列連詞。句意：它的目的是雙重的：為工作倦怠提供一種生態(tài)療法，鼓勵(lì)人們與森林建立連接并保護(hù)國家的森林。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，為兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式并列，應(yīng)使用并列連詞，故填and。【39題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：20世紀(jì)90年代，研究人員開始研究森林浴的生理效應(yīng)，提供科學(xué)依據(jù)以支持我們與生俱來知道的東西：沉浸在大自然中的時(shí)光對(duì)我們有益。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語，再根據(jù)上文的時(shí)間狀語Inthe1990s可知?jiǎng)幼靼l(fā)生的時(shí)間再過去，應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)的形式，故填began?！?0題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，“weinnatelyknow（我們與生俱來就知道）”為賓語從句且從句中缺少賓語，應(yīng)使用which或what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，又因從句的賓語表達(dá)的不是選擇而是內(nèi)容，故填what?！?1題詳解】考查人稱代詞。句意：同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空白處做介詞for的賓語，所以人稱代詞we應(yīng)使用賓格形式，故填us?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：雖然日本有功于“森林浴”這個(gè)術(shù)語，這種做法的核心思想并不新鮮。根據(jù)句意可知，表達(dá)的是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的形式，故填is?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：許多國家很早就已經(jīng)意識(shí)到了自然對(duì)人類健康的重要性。根據(jù)空白處前面的定冠詞the可判斷空白處應(yīng)使用important的名詞形式，故填importance?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這種做法可以簡單到在任何自然環(huán)境中行走，與你周圍的東西建立連接。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn)，空白處作定語修飾下文的名詞environment，應(yīng)使用nature的形容詞形式，故填natural。【45題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：為了一個(gè)更加系統(tǒng)化的體驗(yàn)，你可以找一個(gè)訓(xùn)練有素的導(dǎo)游，來一場周到的兩小時(shí)生態(tài)療法旅行。根據(jù)名詞的語法規(guī)則，抽象名詞前使用不定冠詞表示“一個(gè)”，故填a。第三部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你校開設(shè)了中國文學(xué)選修課，你的交換生好友Richard寫郵件向你尋求選課建議。請(qǐng)給他寫一封回信，建議他選修中國古典詩歌。內(nèi)容包括：1.你的理由；2.學(xué)習(xí)建議；3.愿意提供幫助。參考詞匯：選修課optionalcourse中國古典詩歌classicalChinesepoetry注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearRichard,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearRichard,GladtoreceiveyouremailabouttheoptionalcoursesofChineseliterature,IthinkclassicalChinesepoetryisagoodchoiceforyou.LearningclassicalChinesepoetryisagreatwaytobetterunderstandthehistoryandcultureofChina.Besides,youcanfeelthecharmoftheChineselanguagebyreadingthepoems.Tofollowthecoursewell,you'dbetterreadasmanypoemsaspossibleandlookuprelatedbackgroundinformationaboutthepoets.Ifyouhaveanyotherquestions,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.Yours,LiHua【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生對(duì)于你校開設(shè)了中國文學(xué)選修課，你的交換生好友Richard寫郵件向你尋求選課建議這一情況，給他寫一封回信，建議他選修中國古典詩歌?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累高興的：Glad→Delighted了解：understand→know此外：Besides→What’smore查閱：lookup→referto2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：LearningclassicalChinesepoetryisagreatwaytobetterunderstandthehistoryandcultureofChina.拓展句：LearningclassicalChinesepoetryisagreatway,whichcanbetterunderstandthehistoryandcultureofChina.第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱