Unit+4+Natural+disasters+單元知識點 高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

1.

rescue

vt.營救；救援(1)把某人從......營救出來:rescuesbfromrescue

n.營救；救援(2)進行營救:attemptarescue(3)設法（實行）營救:make/performarescue

(4)他答應在我有危險的時候會來救我。HepromisedtocometomyrescueifIwasindanger.

2.

damage

vt.損壞、迫害。n.損失；損害

(1)彌補損失:recoveradamage(2)賠償損失:payfordamage(3)遭受損失、蒙受損害:sufferdamage(4)洪水對莊稼造成重大的損毀。Theflooddid/causedgreatdamagetothecrop.3.survive

vi.生存；存活vt幸存、艱難度過(1)靠......活下來；靠......生存:surviveon(2)比某人多活......survivesbby(3)在這次空難中沒有人幸免于難。Nobodysurvivedthedisaster.→

survivor

n.幸存者；生還者

4.

destroy

vt.摧毀；毀滅(1)你的話會破壞孩子的自信心。Yourwordswilldestroyyourchild’sconfidence.(2)我們不能再繼續(xù)破壞環(huán)境了。Wecan’tcontinuetodestroytheenvironment.→

destruction

n.破壞；毀滅5.affect

vt影響;（疾?。┣忠u；深深打動；使感染（疾?。?1)我們被他的真誠深深打動。Wewereaffectedbyhissincerity.(2)如今科技極大地影響了我們的生活。Nowadaystechnologyhasgreatlyaffectedourlife.→

effect

n.影響；效果；結果6.sheltern避難所；居所；庇護vt保護掩蔽躲避(1)那棵大樹使我們免受大雨的侵襲.Thebigtreeshelteredusfromtheheavyrain.(2)這個計劃是為無家可歸的人提供住所。Theplanistoprovideshelterforthehomeless.7.ruin

vt.破壞；毀壞(1)毀掉某人的希望、健康:ruinoneshope/healthruin

n.破壞；毀壞(2)坍塌fallintoruin(3)災難過后，一切都成了廢墟。Afterthedisaster,everythingwasinruins.

8.shock

n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克

shock

vt.

使震驚(1)文化沖擊:cultureshock(2)震驚；吃驚:inshock(3)對......感到吃驚:beshockedat/by...(4)我們非常震驚地得知我們喜愛的這位作家已經去世。Wewereshockedtolearnthatourfavoritewriterhadpassedaway9.

trap

vt.使落入險境；是陷入圈套n陷阱；險境(1)用......捕捉；使困于......:trapsb/sthinsth(2)誘騙某人使之采取某種行動:trapsbintosth/doing(3)震后，很多人被困于廢墟下。Afterearthquake,manypeopleweretrappedundertheruins.

10.

bury

vt.埋葬；安葬(1)專心于（某事）：陷入，沉浸于；藏于:bury…in...(2)埋頭于；專心于buryoneselfin...(4)她以手掩面，痛哭起來。Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandcriedbitterly,11.effort

n.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力(1)努力做某事:makeaneffort/effortstodosth(2)不遺余力:sparenoeffort(3)值得努力:beworththeeffort(4)毫不費力地:withouteffort(5)他努力地說英語。HespokeinEnglishwitheffort.

12.

suffer

vt.遭受；蒙受（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦

(1)遭受:sufferfrom(2)遭受疼痛:sufferpain(3)他們公司去年生意虧損。Theircompanysufferedlossinbusinesslastyear,→

suffering

n.痛苦；苦難13.

supply

n.供應量；補給；補給品vt.供應；供給(1)食物供應foodsupply(2)供應不足inshortsupply(3)提供給某人某物supplysbwithsth(4)把某物提供給某人supplysthtosb(5)這家商店向顧客提供各種商品。Theshopsuppliesallkindsofgoodstocustomers.

14.

power

n.電力供應；能量；力量；控制力(1)某人有權、能力withinone’spower(2)掌權comeintopower(3)有權力做某事havethepowertodosth(4)停電powerfailure

→

powerful

adj.強有力的；強大的15.calm

n.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜(1)保持冷靜:stay/keep/remaincalm她在危險面前能保持鎮(zhèn)靜。Shecankeepcalminthefaceofdanger.

(2)使某人鎮(zhèn)靜下來:calmsbdown→

calmlyadv.

平靜地；冷靜地16.aid

n.援助；幫助；救援物資

v.幫助；援助(1)（對某人）實施急救do/give/offer/perform/carryoutfirstaid(2)幫某人的忙cometotheaidofsb(3)為了幫助:inaidof(4)在......的幫助下:withtheaidof(5)幫助某人做某事:aidsbindoingsth/aidsbtodosth(6)在某方面幫助某人:aidsbwithsth17.sweep

vt/vi.打掃；清掃(swept

swept)(1)消滅；徹底清除:sweepaway(2)打掃干凈，清掃干凈:sweepout(3)席卷；輕易通過:

sweepthrough(4)打掃；清掃:sweepup(5)晚會結束后，她被留下來打掃衛(wèi)生。Shewaslefttosweepupaftertheparty.

18.wave

n

海浪；波浪

(1)一波......，一陣......awaveofwave

vt/vi揮手；招手(2)向......揮手:waveat/to...她從街對面向我招手。Shewavedatmefromacrossthestreet.(3)揮手告別:waveoff→

wavy

adj波浪形的19.

strike

vt/vi.侵襲；突擊；擊打n.罷工；罷課；襲擊(1)打一個男孩:strikeaboy(2)鐘敲了十二下:striketwelve(3)打擊敵人:striketheenemy(4)某人忽然想起:Itstrikessbthat…例句：我忽然想起家里一個人也沒有。Itstruckmethattherewasnooneathome.(5)開始罷工、罷課:be/goonstrike20.

deliver.vt遞送，傳達，發(fā)表

→

delivery

n遞送，分娩(1)發(fā)貨:deliverthegoods(2)作報告:deliveraspeech(3)接生:deliverababy(4)送某人到家:delivertosb’shouse21.

summary

n.總結；概括→

summarize

vt概述；總結(1)…的摘要、總結:summaryof(2)作總結:makeasummary(3)總的來說，總之:insummary總之，這次運動取得了巨大的成功。Insummary,thecampaignhasbeenagreatsuccess.

22.

effect

n.影響，效果→

effective

adj.有效的；生效的(1)實行:bring/putsthintoeffect(2)產生效果:bringabouteffect(3)生效；開始實施:comeintoeffect/takeeffect(4)實際上；事實上:ineffect(5)從......起開始生效:witheffectfrom23.

length

n.長；長度→

lengthen

v（使）變長(1)最后，最終:atlength(2)長度:inlength.(3)十分詳盡地:atgreat/fulllength.(4)桌子的長度是它的寬度的兩倍。Thelengthofthetableistwiceitsbreadth.24.intheopenair

露天；在戶外(1)乘飛機:byair(2)在傳播中:intheair