論偵查權(quán)的憲法控制以新刑事訴訟法及其實(shí)施為例

論偵查權(quán)的憲法控制以新刑事訴訟法及其實(shí)施為例一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle《論偵查權(quán)的憲法控制以新刑事訴訟法及其實(shí)施為例》一文旨在探討偵查權(quán)在憲法框架下的有效控制問題，并以新刑事訴訟法的實(shí)施為例進(jìn)行深入分析。偵查權(quán)作為國家權(quán)力的重要組成部分，其運(yùn)用與限制直接關(guān)系到公民的基本權(quán)利保障和法治社會(huì)的構(gòu)建。本文首先將對偵查權(quán)的概念、特征及其在法律體系中的地位進(jìn)行概述，明確偵查權(quán)控制的重要性。接著，文章將回顧我國偵查權(quán)控制的歷史演變，分析現(xiàn)有法律框架下偵查權(quán)控制的現(xiàn)狀與問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上，文章將重點(diǎn)探討新刑事訴訟法對偵查權(quán)控制的創(chuàng)新與突破，包括強(qiáng)化偵查監(jiān)督、完善非法證據(jù)排除規(guī)則、加強(qiáng)人權(quán)保障等方面的內(nèi)容。文章將結(jié)合新刑事訴訟法的實(shí)施情況，對偵查權(quán)憲法控制的實(shí)踐效果進(jìn)行評估，并提出進(jìn)一步完善偵查權(quán)控制的建議。通過對偵查權(quán)憲法控制的深入研究，本文旨在為構(gòu)建更加公正、高效的法治環(huán)境提供理論支持和實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)。Thearticle"ConstitutionalControlofInvestigationPower:TakingtheNewCriminalProcedureLawandItsImplementationasanExample"aimstoexploretheeffectivecontrolofinvestigationpowerwithintheconstitutionalframework,andconductanin-depthanalysisusingtheimplementationoftheNewCriminalProcedureLawasanexample.Thepowerofinvestigation,asanimportantcomponentofstatepower,itsapplicationandlimitationsaredirectlyrelatedtotheprotectionofcitizens'basicrightsandtheconstructionofaruleoflawsociety.Thisarticlewillfirstprovideanoverviewoftheconcept,characteristics,andpositionofinvestigativepowerinthelegalsystem,clarifyingtheimportanceofcontrollinginvestigativepower.Next,thearticlewillreviewthehistoricalevolutionofinvestigativepowercontrolinChinaandanalyzethecurrentsituationandproblemsofinvestigativepowercontrolundertheexistinglegalframework.Onthisbasis,thearticlewillfocusonexploringtheinnovationandbreakthroughsofthenewCriminalProcedureLawincontrollingthepowerofinvestigation,includingstrengtheninginvestigationsupervision,improvingrulesforexcludingillegalevidence,andstrengtheninghumanrightsprotection.ThearticlewillevaluatethepracticaleffectofconstitutionalcontroloverinvestigativepowerbasedontheimplementationofthenewCriminalProcedureLaw,andproposesuggestionsforfurtherimprovingthecontrolofinvestigativepower.Throughin-depthresearchonconstitutionalcontrolofinvestigativepower,thisarticleaimstoprovidetheoreticalsupportandpracticalguidanceforbuildingamorejustandefficientlegalenvironment.二、偵查權(quán)與憲法關(guān)系的基本理論TheBasicTheoryoftheRelationshipbetweenInvestigationPowerandConstitution偵查權(quán)作為國家公權(quán)力的重要組成部分，其運(yùn)作直接關(guān)系到公民的基本權(quán)利和自由。因此，偵查權(quán)與憲法之間存在著密不可分的關(guān)系。憲法作為國家的根本大法，其核心價(jià)值在于保障公民的基本權(quán)利，限制公權(quán)力的濫用。偵查權(quán)作為公權(quán)力的一種，必須在憲法的框架內(nèi)行使，確保其合法性和正當(dāng)性。Thepowerofinvestigation,asanimportantcomponentofnationalpublicpower,directlyaffectsthebasicrightsandfreedomsofcitizensinitsoperation.Therefore,thereisaninseparablerelationshipbetweenthepowerofinvestigationandtheconstitution.Asthefundamentallawofthecountry,thecorevalueoftheConstitutionliesinsafeguardingthebasicrightsofcitizensandlimitingtheabuseofpublicpower.Asatypeofpublicpower,thepowerofinvestigationmustbeexercisedwithintheframeworkoftheConstitutiontoensureitslegitimacyandlegitimacy.偵查權(quán)與憲法的關(guān)系主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面：偵查權(quán)的來源和行使必須遵循憲法的規(guī)定。憲法規(guī)定了國家機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置和職權(quán)，偵查機(jī)關(guān)作為其中的一部分，其權(quán)力的來源和行使都必須符合憲法的規(guī)定。偵查權(quán)的行使必須尊重和保障公民的基本權(quán)利。偵查活動(dòng)往往涉及到公民的隱私、人身自由等基本權(quán)利，因此，偵查權(quán)的行使必須在保障公民基本權(quán)利的前提下進(jìn)行。偵查權(quán)的行使必須接受憲法的監(jiān)督。憲法規(guī)定了公民對國家機(jī)關(guān)的監(jiān)督權(quán)，偵查權(quán)的行使同樣必須接受公民的監(jiān)督，確保其合法性和公正性。TherelationshipbetweeninvestigativepowerandtheConstitutionismainlyreflectedinthefollowingaspects:thesourceandexerciseofinvestigativepowermustcomplywiththeprovisionsoftheConstitution.TheConstitutionstipulatestheestablishmentandpowersofstateinstitutions,andasapartofit,thesourcesandexerciseofpowerbyinvestigativeagenciesmustcomplywiththeprovisionsoftheConstitution.Theexerciseofinvestigativepowermustrespectandsafeguardthebasicrightsofcitizens.Investigationactivitiesofteninvolvebasicrightsofcitizens,suchasprivacyandpersonalfreedom.Therefore,theexerciseofinvestigationrightsmustbecarriedoutunderthepremiseofsafeguardingthebasicrightsofcitizens.Theexerciseofinvestigativepowermustbesubjecttoconstitutionalsupervision.TheConstitutionstipulatesthatcitizenshavetherighttosupervisestateorgans,andtheexerciseofinvestigativepowermustalsobesubjecttocitizensupervisiontoensureitslegalityandimpartiality.新刑事訴訟法的實(shí)施為偵查權(quán)的憲法控制提供了新的法律依據(jù)。新刑事訴訟法在保障人權(quán)、限制偵查權(quán)濫用等方面做出了許多創(chuàng)新性的規(guī)定，如明確了偵查機(jī)關(guān)的權(quán)力邊界、加強(qiáng)了公民對偵查活動(dòng)的監(jiān)督等。這些規(guī)定為偵查權(quán)的憲法控制提供了更為明確的法律依據(jù)和更為有效的制度保障。TheimplementationofthenewCriminalProcedureLawprovidesanewlegalbasisfortheconstitutionalcontrolofinvestigativepower.ThenewCriminalProcedureLawhasmademanyinnovativeprovisionsinprotectinghumanrightsandlimitingtheabuseofinvestigativepower,suchasclarifyingthepowerboundariesofinvestigativeagenciesandstrengtheningcitizensupervisionofinvestigativeactivities.Theseregulationsprovideclearerlegalbasisandmoreeffectiveinstitutionalguaranteesfortheconstitutionalcontrolofinvestigativepower.偵查權(quán)與憲法之間存在著密切的關(guān)系。偵查權(quán)的行使必須在憲法的框架內(nèi)進(jìn)行，確保其合法性和正當(dāng)性。新刑事訴訟法的實(shí)施為偵查權(quán)的憲法控制提供了新的法律依據(jù)和制度保障。Thereisacloserelationshipbetweenthepowerofinvestigationandtheconstitution.TheexerciseofinvestigativepowermustbecarriedoutwithintheframeworkoftheConstitution,ensuringitslegitimacyandlegitimacy.TheimplementationofthenewCriminalProcedureLawprovidesanewlegalbasisandinstitutionalguaranteefortheconstitutionalcontrolofinvestigativepower.三、新刑事訴訟法對偵查權(quán)的規(guī)定與改革TheRegulationandReformofInvestigationPowerintheNewCriminalProcedureLaw新刑事訴訟法在偵查權(quán)的規(guī)定與改革方面，呈現(xiàn)出了一系列引人注目的變化，這些變化不僅體現(xiàn)了對偵查權(quán)力運(yùn)行規(guī)律的深刻認(rèn)識，也反映了國家法治建設(shè)的最新成果。ThenewCriminalProcedureLawhasshownaseriesofremarkablechangesintheregulationandreformofinvestigativepower.Thesechangesnotonlyreflectaprofoundunderstandingoftheoperatingrulesofinvestigativepower,butalsoreflectthelatestachievementsintheconstructionoftheruleoflawinthecountry.新刑事訴訟法對偵查權(quán)的基本定位進(jìn)行了明確。它強(qiáng)調(diào)偵查權(quán)是刑事訴訟法賦予公安機(jī)關(guān)、人民檢察院等專門機(jī)關(guān)的一項(xiàng)重要職權(quán)，但同時(shí)也明確了偵查權(quán)必須依法行使，不得侵犯公民的合法權(quán)益。這一規(guī)定明確了偵查權(quán)的性質(zhì)和邊界，為偵查權(quán)的行使提供了明確的法律依據(jù)。ThenewCriminalProcedureLawhasclarifiedthebasicpositioningofinvestigativepower.ItemphasizesthatthepowerofinvestigationisanimportantauthoritygrantedbytheCriminalProcedureLawtospecializedagenciessuchaspublicsecurityorgansandpeople'sprocuratorates,butatthesametime,italsoclarifiesthatthepowerofinvestigationmustbeexercisedinaccordancewiththelawandmustnotinfringeuponthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofcitizens.Thisregulationclarifiesthenatureandboundariesofinvestigativepower,providingaclearlegalbasisfortheexerciseofinvestigativepower.新刑事訴訟法對偵查權(quán)的行使程序進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)格的規(guī)范。它規(guī)定了偵查權(quán)的行使必須遵循法定程序，包括偵查措施的采取、證據(jù)的收集、強(qiáng)制措施的使用等方面，都必須嚴(yán)格按照法律的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。這一規(guī)定有效地防止了偵查權(quán)的濫用，保障了公民的合法權(quán)益。ThenewCriminalProcedureLawhasstrictlyregulatedtheproceduresforexercisingthepowerofinvestigation.Itstipulatesthattheexerciseofinvestigativepowermustfollowlegalprocedures,includingtheadoptionofinvestigativemeasures,collectionofevidence,anduseofcoercivemeasures,allofwhichmustbestrictlycarriedoutinaccordancewithlegalprovisions.Thisregulationeffectivelypreventstheabuseofinvestigativepowerandsafeguardsthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofcitizens.再次，新刑事訴訟法對偵查權(quán)的監(jiān)督機(jī)制進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)化。它規(guī)定了人民檢察院對偵查活動(dòng)的監(jiān)督職責(zé)，要求人民檢察院對偵查活動(dòng)進(jìn)行全程監(jiān)督，防止偵查權(quán)的濫用。同時(shí)，新刑事訴訟法還規(guī)定了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人及其辯護(hù)人對偵查活動(dòng)的監(jiān)督權(quán)，使偵查活動(dòng)更加透明、公正。Onceagain,thenewCriminalProcedureLawhasstrengthenedthesupervisionmechanismofinvestigativepower.ItstipulatesthesupervisoryresponsibilitiesofthePeople'sProcuratorateoverinvestigativeactivities,requiringthePeople'sProcuratoratetosupervisetheentireprocessofinvestigativeactivitiesandpreventtheabuseofinvestigativepower.Atthesametime,thenewcriminalprocedurelawalsostipulatesthesupervisionpowerofsuspect,defendantsandtheirdefendersoverinvestigationactivities,makinginvestigationactivitiesmoretransparentandfair.新刑事訴訟法對偵查權(quán)的改革方向進(jìn)行了明確。它提出了一系列改革措施，包括推進(jìn)偵查程序的法治化、加強(qiáng)偵查技術(shù)的科技化、提高偵查人員的專業(yè)化水平等，這些措施的實(shí)施將有助于進(jìn)一步規(guī)范偵查權(quán)的行使，提高偵查工作的質(zhì)量和效率。ThenewCriminalProcedureLawhasclarifiedthedirectionofthereformofinvestigativepower.Itproposesaseriesofreformmeasures,includingpromotingthelegalizationofinvestigationprocedures,strengtheningthetechnologicaladvancementofinvestigationtechniques,andimprovingtheprofessionallevelofinvestigators.Theimplementationofthesemeasureswillhelpfurtherstandardizetheexerciseofinvestigationpower,improvethequalityandefficiencyofinvestigationwork.新刑事訴訟法對偵查權(quán)的規(guī)定與改革，體現(xiàn)了國家法治建設(shè)的最新成果，為偵查權(quán)的依法行使提供了有力的法律保障。這些改革措施的實(shí)施也將有助于推動(dòng)偵查工作的現(xiàn)代化、法治化進(jìn)程，為實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)公平正義提供有力支撐。TheprovisionsandreformsofthenewCriminalProcedureLawonthepowerofinvestigationreflectthelatestachievementsintheconstructionoftheruleoflawinthecountry,andprovidestronglegalprotectionforthelawfulexerciseofthepowerofinvestigation.Theimplementationofthesereformmeasureswillalsohelppromotethemodernizationandlegalizationofinvestigationwork,andprovidestrongsupportforachievingsocialfairnessandjustice.四、新刑事訴訟法實(shí)施中偵查權(quán)憲法控制的實(shí)踐分析PracticalAnalysisofConstitutionalControlofInvestigationPowerintheImplementationoftheNewCriminalProcedureLaw隨著新刑事訴訟法的深入實(shí)施，我國對于偵查權(quán)的憲法控制也在實(shí)踐中得到了進(jìn)一步的體現(xiàn)和強(qiáng)化。新刑訴法不僅對偵查權(quán)的行使設(shè)定了更為嚴(yán)格的程序性要求，同時(shí)也加強(qiáng)了對偵查行為的監(jiān)督與制約，以保障公民的基本權(quán)利不受侵犯。WiththedeepeningimplementationofthenewCriminalProcedureLaw,China'sconstitutionalcontroloverthepowerofinvestigationhasalsobeenfurtherreflectedandstrengthenedinpractice.ThenewCriminalProcedureLawnotonlysetsstricterproceduralrequirementsfortheexerciseofinvestigativepower,butalsostrengthensthesupervisionandrestraintofinvestigativebehaviortoensurethatthebasicrightsofcitizensarenotviolated.在實(shí)踐中，公安機(jī)關(guān)、人民檢察院等偵查機(jī)關(guān)在行使偵查權(quán)時(shí)，更加注重遵守憲法和法律的規(guī)定，確保偵查行為的合法性、正當(dāng)性。例如，在偵查過程中，偵查機(jī)關(guān)嚴(yán)格遵守了非法證據(jù)排除規(guī)則，對于通過非法手段獲取的證據(jù)，堅(jiān)決予以排除，避免了刑訊逼供等侵犯人權(quán)的行為發(fā)生。Inpractice,publicsecurityorgans,people'sprocuratoratesandotherinvestigativeagenciespaymoreattentiontocomplyingwiththeprovisionsoftheConstitutionandlawswhenexercisingtheirinvestigativepowers,ensuringthelegalityandlegitimacyofinvestigativeactions.Forexample,duringtheinvestigationprocess,theinvestigatingauthoritiesstrictlyfollowedtheruleofexcludingillegalevidenceandresolutelyexcludedevidenceobtainedthroughillegalmeans,avoidinghumanrightsviolationssuchastorture.同時(shí)，新刑訴法還強(qiáng)化了人民檢察院對偵查活動(dòng)的監(jiān)督職能。人民檢察院通過對偵查活動(dòng)的全程監(jiān)督，及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)和糾正偵查機(jī)關(guān)在行使偵查權(quán)過程中的違法行為，保障了偵查權(quán)的依法行使。新刑訴法還賦予了辯護(hù)律師更多的權(quán)利，加強(qiáng)了辯護(hù)律師在偵查階段的參與，從而更有效地維護(hù)了犯罪嫌疑人的合法權(quán)益。Atthesametime,thenewCriminalProcedureLawhasalsostrengthenedthesupervisoryfunctionofthePeople'sProcuratorateoverinvestigativeactivities.ThePeople'sProcuratorate,throughfullsupervisionofinvestigativeactivities,promptlydiscoversandcorrectsillegalactsofinvestigativeorgansintheexerciseofinvestigativepower,ensuringthelawfulexerciseofinvestigativepower.ThenewCriminalProcedureLawalsogivesdefenselawyersmorerightsandstrengthenstheirparticipationintheinvestigationstage,thusmoreeffectivelysafeguardingthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofsuspect.然而，在實(shí)踐中，偵查權(quán)憲法控制仍面臨一些挑戰(zhàn)和問題。一方面，部分偵查機(jī)關(guān)在行使偵查權(quán)時(shí)仍存在違反憲法和法律規(guī)定的情況，如超期羈押、濫用強(qiáng)制措施等問題時(shí)有發(fā)生。另一方面，由于偵查活動(dòng)的特殊性，對偵查權(quán)的監(jiān)督和制約仍存在一定的難度，如何進(jìn)一步完善偵查權(quán)憲法控制機(jī)制，仍需進(jìn)一步探討和研究。However,inpractice,constitutionalcontrolofinvestigativepowerstillfacessomechallengesandissues.Ontheonehand,someinvestigativeagenciesstillviolateconstitutionalandlegalprovisionswhenexercisingtheirinvestigativepowers,suchasprolongeddetentionandabuseofcoercivemeasures.Ontheotherhand,duetotheparticularityofinvestigativeactivities,therearestillcertaindifficultiesinsupervisingandrestrictingtheinvestigativepower.Howtofurtherimprovetheconstitutionalcontrolmechanismofinvestigativepowerstillneedsfurtherexplorationandresearch.新刑事訴訟法的實(shí)施對于偵查權(quán)憲法控制起到了積極的推動(dòng)作用，但在實(shí)踐中仍需不斷完善和強(qiáng)化。只有確保偵查權(quán)的依法行使，才能更好地保障公民的合法權(quán)益，維護(hù)社會(huì)的公平正義。TheimplementationofthenewCriminalProcedureLawhasplayedapositiveroleinpromotingconstitutionalcontrolofinvestigativepower,butitstillneedstobecontinuouslyimprovedandstrengthenedinpractice.Onlybyensuringthelawfulexerciseofinvestigativepowercanwebetterprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofcitizensandmaintainsocialfairnessandjustice.五、偵查權(quán)憲法控制的完善建議Suggestionsforimprovingtheconstitutionalcontrolofinvestigativepower隨著新刑事訴訟法的實(shí)施，我國對于偵查權(quán)的控制已經(jīng)有了顯著的提升。然而，面對復(fù)雜多變的犯罪形勢和偵查技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，我們?nèi)孕柽M(jìn)一步完善偵查權(quán)的憲法控制機(jī)制。以下，筆者就偵查權(quán)憲法控制的完善提出幾點(diǎn)建議。WiththeimplementationofthenewCriminalProcedureLaw,Chinahassignificantlyimproveditscontroloverinvestigativepower.However,facingthecomplexandever-changingcriminalsituationandtherapiddevelopmentofinvestigativetechnology,westillneedtofurtherimprovetheconstitutionalcontrolmechanismofinvestigativepower.Below,theauthorputsforwardseveralsuggestionsforimprovingtheconstitutionalcontrolofinvestigativepower.應(yīng)進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化偵查權(quán)行使的法治原則。在偵查過程中，必須嚴(yán)格遵守憲法和法律的規(guī)定，確保偵查權(quán)的行使不超越法律的界限。同時(shí)，要加強(qiáng)對偵查行為的監(jiān)督，防止濫用偵查權(quán)侵犯公民合法權(quán)益。Weshouldfurtherstrengthentheruleoflawprincipleintheexerciseofinvestigativepower.Duringtheinvestigationprocess,itisnecessarytostrictlyabidebytheprovisionsoftheConstitutionandlawstoensurethattheexerciseofinvestigationpowerdoesnotexceedtheboundariesofthelaw.Atthesametime,itisnecessarytostrengthenthesupervisionofinvestigativeactivitiesandpreventtheabuseofinvestigativepowerfrominfringingonthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofcitizens.應(yīng)完善偵查程序的公開透明機(jī)制。通過公開偵查程序，保障公民的知情權(quán)，增強(qiáng)公眾對偵查活動(dòng)的信任。同時(shí)，公開透明的偵查程序也有助于促使偵查機(jī)關(guān)更加謹(jǐn)慎地行使偵查權(quán)，減少濫用權(quán)力的現(xiàn)象。Weshouldimprovethetransparencymechanismofinvestigationprocedures.Throughopeninvestigationprocedures,therighttoinformationofcitizensisguaranteed,andpublictrustininvestigationactivitiesisenhanced.Atthesametime,openandtransparentinvestigativeproceduresalsohelptoencourageinvestigativeagenciestoexercisetheirinvestigativepowersmorecautiouslyandreducethephenomenonofabuseofpower.再次，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對偵查權(quán)的監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制。這包括完善內(nèi)部監(jiān)督機(jī)制，如加強(qiáng)檢察機(jī)關(guān)對偵查活動(dòng)的監(jiān)督，以及建立獨(dú)立的偵查監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)等。同時(shí)，還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)外部監(jiān)督機(jī)制，如引入社會(huì)監(jiān)督、媒體監(jiān)督等，形成全方位的監(jiān)督體系。Onceagain,itisnecessarytostrengthenthesupervisionandrestraintmechanismofinvestigativepower.Thisincludesimprovinginternalsupervisionmechanisms,suchasstrengtheningthesupervisionofprocuratorialorgansoverinvestigativeactivities,andestablishingindependentinvestigativesupervisioninstitutions.Atthesametime,externalsupervisionmechanismsshouldalsobestrengthened,suchasintroducingsocialsupervision,mediasupervision,etc.,toformacomprehensivesupervisionsystem.應(yīng)提高偵查人員的法律素養(yǎng)和職業(yè)道德水平。偵查人員是行使偵查權(quán)的主體，他們的法律素養(yǎng)和職業(yè)道德水平直接影響到偵查權(quán)的行使效果。因此，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對偵查人員的培訓(xùn)和教育，提高他們的法律意識和職業(yè)道德水平，確保他們依法行使偵查權(quán)。Thelegalliteracyandprofessionalethicsofinvestigatorsshouldbeimproved.Investigatorsarethemainbodyexercisinginvestigativepower,andtheirlegalliteracyandprofessionalethicsdirectlyaffecttheeffectivenessoftheexerciseofinvestigativepower.Therefore,itisnecessarytostrengthenthetrainingandeducationofinvestigators,improvetheirlegalawarenessandprofessionalethics,andensurethattheyexercisetheirinvestigativepowersinaccordancewiththelaw.應(yīng)完善偵查權(quán)的救濟(jì)機(jī)制。當(dāng)公民因偵查權(quán)濫用受到侵害時(shí)，應(yīng)提供有效的救濟(jì)途徑。這包括完善刑事賠償制度、建立偵查行為異議制度等，為公民提供充分的救濟(jì)保障。Weshouldimprovethereliefmechanismforinvestigativepowers.Whencitizensareinfringeduponduetotheabuseofinvestigativepower,effectiveremediesshouldbeprovided.Thisincludesimprovingthecriminalcompensationsystem,establishinganobjectionsystemforinvestigativeacts,andprovidingcitizenswithsufficientreliefandprotection.完善偵查權(quán)的憲法控制機(jī)制是一項(xiàng)長期而艱巨的任務(wù)。我們需要從法治原則、公開透明、監(jiān)督制約、人員素質(zhì)以及救濟(jì)機(jī)制等多個(gè)方面入手，逐步構(gòu)建起一個(gè)科學(xué)、有效、公正的偵查權(quán)控制體系。只有這樣，才能確保偵查權(quán)在維護(hù)社會(huì)治安和打擊犯罪的不侵犯公民的合法權(quán)益，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)公正和法治的有機(jī)統(tǒng)一。Improvingtheconstitutionalcontrolmechanismofinvestigativepowerisalong-termandarduoustask.Weneedtostartfrommultipleaspectssuchastheprincipleoftheruleoflaw,opennessandtransparency,supervisionandrestraint,personnelquality,andreliefmechanisms,andgraduallybuildascientific,effective,andfaircontrolsystemforinvestigativepower.Onlyinthiswaycanweensurethattheinvestigativepowerdoesnotinfringeuponthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofcitizensinmaintainingsocialsecurityandcombatingcrime,andachievetheorganicunityofsocialjusticeandtheruleoflaw.六、結(jié)論Conclusion隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展與法治建設(shè)的深入推進(jìn)，偵查權(quán)作為公權(quán)力的重要組成部分，在維護(hù)社會(huì)治安、打擊犯罪活動(dòng)等方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。然而，偵查權(quán)的過度擴(kuò)張與濫用同樣可能侵犯公民的基本權(quán)利和自由，因此，對其進(jìn)行憲法控制顯得尤為重要。Withthecontinuousdevelopmentofsocietyandthedeepeningoftheconstructionoftheruleoflaw,thepowerofinvestigation,asanimportantcomponentofpublicpower,playsacrucialroleinmaintainingsocialsecurityandcombatingcriminalactivities.However,theexcessiveexpansionandabuseofinvestigativepowermayalsoinfringeuponthebasicrightsandfreedomsofcitizens,therefore,constitutionalcontroloveritisparticularlyimportant.新刑事訴訟法的實(shí)施，為偵查權(quán)的行使劃定了更為明確的界限，并提供了更加完善的監(jiān)督與制約機(jī)制。通過設(shè)立非法證據(jù)排除制度、強(qiáng)化辯護(hù)人的權(quán)利等措施，新刑事訴訟法有效地遏制了偵查權(quán)的濫用，保障了公民的合法權(quán)益。同時(shí)，新刑事訴訟法的實(shí)施也面臨著諸多挑戰(zhàn)，如偵查機(jī)關(guān)與司法機(jī)關(guān)之間的權(quán)力平衡、偵查技術(shù)與法治發(fā)展的匹配等問題，這些問題需要我們