貴州省安順市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試題（含答案解析）

全市2023~2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測考試高二英語試題注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回?？荚嚂r間120分鐘，試卷滿分150分。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whyisthemantakingaplasticbagonhiswalk?A.Todosomeshopping.B.Topickupafterthedog.C.Tocarrysometoysforthedog.2.Whatsportarethespeakersdoing?A.Skating.B.Running.C.Swimming.3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Getabottleofwine.B.LookforherIDcard.C.Showherbirthdaygift.4.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Feedbirdsathome.B.Lookforherseatinthefronthall.C.Watchthemanperformattheconcert.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Terry'swedding.B.Thewoman'sfamily.C.Theman'sschoollife.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdoesthemanadmireaboutthewoman?A.Hertoughness.B.Herappearance.C.Herintelligence.7.Whenisthewoman'snextmeeting?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Thisafternoon.C.Thisevening.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhydidthewomangotoJapan?A.Totakeatrip.B.Toworkthere.C.Tovisitherfamily.9.Wheredoesthemanwork?A.Inashop.B.Inabank.C.Inarestaurant.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?AFamilymembers.B.Friends.C.Co-workers.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whenwillthemanbefine?A.OnMonday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.12.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutMichigan?A.Theyareweak.B.TheybeatIowa.C.Theywillhaveatoughtime.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Stayinbed.B.Seeadoctor.C.Watchsometapes(錄像帶).聽第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Howdoesthemansoundthroughouttheconversation?A.Enthusiastic.B.Indifferent(冷漠的).C.Surprised.15.Whatwouldthespeakers'kidsloveaboutthehouse?A.Ithasmanybedrooms.B.Ithasalotoffurniture.C.Ithasabiglivingroom.16.Howmanycupboardsarethereinthehouse?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.17.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Havealookatthehouse.B.Moveintothehouse.C.Findmoreinformationaboutthehouse.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Wheredoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Atabirthdayparty.B.Atagoodbyeparty.C.Ataretirementceremony.19.WhatdothestudentsthinkofMissBrown?A.Sheisfriendlybutstrict.B.Sheisseriousandboring.C.Sheishumorousandpatient.20.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Aparent.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AShakespeareoncewrotethatalltheworldisastage,butthesedaysit’smorelikeamovieset.Gettoknowsomefilmstofindfantasticfilmlocations(地點）youshouldcheckoutonyourtravels.TheSoundofMusicAustria’shillsarecertainlyalivewiththesoundofmusicandtourists.MozartmayhavebeenborninSalzburg,butTheSoundofMusicreallyputitonthemapandnowabout70percentofpeoplevisititbecauseofthemovie.CrossResidenzplatzSquareandvisitthePalaceofLeopoldskronwherethechildreninthefilmfellintothelake.TroyAlthoughthePalaceofTroywasfilmedonsetsbuiltatSheppertonStudiosintheUK,mostofthe2004moviewasshotinMaltaandBajaCalifornia,Mexico,MaltawithhistoricsitesaridbeautifulbluewaterswasagoodchoicetoreplaceGreece.Troywasshotatahostoflocations,includingGoldenBay,HalFaraswellasFortRicasoli(wherethecityofTroywasconstructed).TheTrojanhorsefromthefilmisnowlyingonthewaterfrontinCanakkale,Turkey.BridgetJones'sDiaryBridgetJonesisbroughttolifeaswewatchtheworkandromanceinLondon.HerspecialcornerflatisabovetheGlobeTavernbyBoroughMarket,oneofthecity’soldestandbiggestfoodmarkets.AccordingtoTheTelegraph,itwouldbehighlyunlikelythatshecouldaffordtobuyaplacelikethattodaysinceithasriseninvaluebymorethan240percent.HarryPotterJ.K.RowlingstartedwritingtheHarryPotterbookswhileshewaslivinginEdinburgh,Scotland,soit’snosurprisethatshesetmostofthestorythere.TheHogwartsExpresstravelsthroughtheScottishHighlandsandalongthe31metershighGlenfinnanViaduct.ThesecondhighestwaterfallintheUK,StealFallscanbeseenduringQuidditchmatches.1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“Shakespeareoncewrotethatalltheworldisastage,butthesedaysit’smorelikeamovieset”？A.Moremovieswillneedmoresets.B.Moreandmorefilmsarebeingmade.C.Alltheworldhasbecomeahugestageforarts.D.Manyplaceshavebecomefamousbecausetheywereusedasmoviesets.2.Whichofthefollowingfilmshavebackgroundinmorethanonecountry?A.TheSoundofMusic. B.Troy.C.BridgetJones'sDiary. D.HarryPotter,3.Whatdothelasttwofilmshaveincommon?A.Bothofthemaremainlyaboutromance.B.Bothauthorslivedinthesamehouse.C.MostoftheirstoriesweresetintheUK.D.Theycausethepricesofhousestorise.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章給你介紹了一些著名電影拍攝片場的景點城市供你旅游時參考。【1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一句話“Shakespeareoncewrotethatalltheworldisastage,butthesedaysit’smorelikeamovieset.”（莎翁曾經(jīng)說世界就是舞臺，但是如今世界更像是電影集）以及下文四部影片拍攝片場的旅游城市介紹可推斷出，作者說“Shakespeareoncewrotethatalltheworldisastage,butthesedaysit’smorelikeamovieset”意思是許多城市因為作為電影拍攝片場而出名。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Troy部分“AlthoughthePalaceofTroywasfilmedonsetsbuiltatSheppertonStudiosintheUK,mostofthe2004moviewasshotinMaltaandBajaCalifornia,Mexico,MaltawithhistoricsitesaridbeautifulbluewaterswasagoodchoicetoreplaceGreece.”（盡管《特洛伊宮》是在英國謝潑頓電影制片廠拍攝的，但2004年的大部分影片都是在馬耳他和下加利福尼亞、墨西哥拍攝的，馬耳他有歷史遺跡，美麗的藍色水域是取代希臘的好選擇。）可知，《特洛伊宮》這部電影的拍攝背景分別在英國、馬耳他、下加利福尼亞和墨西哥這幾個國家，即《特洛伊宮》這部電影的背景在一個以上的國家。故選B。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BridgetJones'sDiary部分“BridgetJonesisbroughttolifeaswewatchtheworkandromanceinLondon.HerspecialcornerflatisabovetheGlobeTavernbyBoroughMarket,oneofthecity’soldestandbiggestfoodmarkets.”（當(dāng)在倫敦觀看這作品和浪漫時，電影《BJ單身日記》被賦予了生命。她特別的街角公寓就在博羅市場旁的環(huán)球酒店的樓上，這是該市最古老、最大的食品市場之一。）及HarryPotter部分“J.K.RowlingstartedwritingtheHarryPotterbookswhileshewaslivinginEdinburgh,Scotland,soit’snosurprisethatshesetmostofthestorythere.”（J.K羅琳開始寫《哈利波特》時她住在英格蘭的愛丁堡，所以她把大部分故事以那里為背景就不足為奇了）可知，英國是這兩部電影的共同拍攝地。故選C。BMost5-year-oldsarejustlearningtheirABCsbutonelittlegirlfromtheUKhasactuallywrittenabookthatwaspublishedinJanuary2022.Bella-JayDarkfromWeymouth,istheworld’syoungestfemaletobepublishedandwasawardedthetitlebyGuinnessWorldRecords(吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄).Herbook,TheLostCattellsthestoryofSnowy,acatwhogotlostaftergoingoutsidealoneatnight.Shehopesthebookwillteachchildrennottogooutsideatnightalone.Whilemanyadultwritersfindinspirationfortheirbooksfromlifeexperiences,Bella’screativevisionactuallycamefromoneofherdrawings.“Itstartedoffasapicture.MydaddysaidIcouldmakeabookandastorycamefromthepicture,”Bellasaid.Hermom,ChelsieSyme,wassurprisedthatthebookturnedoutaswellasitdid.“Iamjustreallyproudofher;IdidnotthinkitwasgoingtogothisfarsoI’mjustproudandwanttoseehergettheacknowledgementshedeserves.”Buthowdoyougetachild’shomemadebookpublished?AccordingtoSyme,theytookBella’sbooktoabookfairandfoundapublisherwillingtotakeachanceonit.SymehelpedBellawithproofingcopies(校對本)andmakingnecessarychanges.ToearntheGuinnessWorldRecordtitleofTheWorld’sYoungestPublishedAuthor,female,thebookhastobepublishedbyacommercialpublishinghouseandhaveatleast1000copiesprintedandsold.Bella’sbookmetthecriteria,soshewasawardedthetitle.Besidesbeinganaccomplishedauthor,Bellaisjustaregularkidwhoenjoysreading,swimming,andplayingonhertablet.Inherfreetime,sheiscurrentlyworkingonasequel(續(xù)篇)toSnowy’sstory.Whoknowswhatpearlsofwisdomwillcomenext?4.WhoisSnowy?A.Alostchild. B.Bella’spet.C.Atalentedfemalewriter. D.AcatinBella’swork.5.WhatistheinspirationofBella’sbook?A.Bella’slifeexperiences. B.Bella’sinterestinanimals.C.ApictureBelladrewherself. D.Astorybookboughtbyherfather.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“criteria”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Records. B.Standards. C.Guesses. D.Difficulties.7.WhatcanweinferaboutBella?A.Herfatherisapainter.B.Hermotherisstrictwithher.C.Shewantstohelpchildrenwithherbook.D.Shepaysmuchattentiontoprotectinganimals.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。主要講述了5歲的Bella于2022年1月出版她的書，被吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄授予世界上最年輕的出版女性的稱號?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Herbook,TheLostCattellsthestoryofSnowy,acatwhogotlostaftergoingoutsidealoneatnight.(她的書《迷路的貓》講述了一只名叫Snowy的貓的故事)”可知，Snowy是Bella書中的角色，一只貓。故選D。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Whilemanyadultwritersfindinspirationfortheirbooksfromlifeexperiences,Bella’screativevisionactuallycamefromoneofherdrawings.“Itstartedoffasapicture.MydaddysaidIcouldmakeabookandastorycamefromthepicture,”Bellasaid.(雖然許多成人作家從生活經(jīng)歷中尋找靈感來寫書，但Bella的創(chuàng)意靈感實際上來自她的一幅畫。Bella說：“一開始只是一張照片。我爸爸說我可以根據(jù)這幅畫寫一本書和一個故事。”)”可知，Bella寫書的靈感來源于Bella自己畫的一幅畫。故選C。【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ToearntheGuinnessWorldRecordtitleofTheWorld’sYoungestPublishedAuthor,female,thebookhastobepublishedbyacommercialpublishinghouseandhaveatleast1000copiesprintedandsold.(要想獲得吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄“世界上最年輕的出版作家”的頭銜，這本書必須由一家商業(yè)出版社出版，并印刷和銷售至少1000冊)”和“soshewasawardedthetitle(所以她被授予了這個頭銜)”可知，Bella的書符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，所以她被授予了這個頭銜，因此劃線詞criteria的意思是“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，和standards意思相近。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Shehopesthebookwillteachchildrennottogooutsideatnightalone.(她希望這本書能教育孩子們晚上不要獨自外出)”可推知，Bella想通過自己的書去幫助孩子們。故選C。CHerearetwointerestingquestions.Areyouveryhappywithyourlifenow?Arepeoplehappierastheygetolder?Astudyfoundthatpeoplegenerallybecomehappierandexperiencelessworryafterage50.Infact,it-foundthatbytheageof85,peoplearehappierwiththeirlifethantheywereat18.ThefindingcamefromaGallupsurveyofmorethan340,000adultsbetweentheageof18and85intheUnitedStates.ArthurStone,aprofessorintheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.Stresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheirfifties.Happinesswashighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheirearlyseventies.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswerethoseintheirseventiesandeighties.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhadsimilaremotionalpatternsastheygrowolder.However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmendid.Sowhywouldhappinessincreasewithage?Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren,beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwell-beingrelatedtoage.Theoriginalgoalofthestudywastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepquality,improvedastheygotolder.8.Basedonthestudy,whichadultagegroupexperiencesthemoststress?A.Adultsintheir20s. B.Adultsintheir50s.C.Adultsintheir70s. D.Adultsintheir80s.9.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetext?A.Stresslevelssignificantlydecreaseaspeopleage.B.Youngadultsfacelessstressduetobetterhealth.C.Peopleintheir70sexperiencethegreatesthappiness.D.Womenofdifferentagestendtoexperiencemorenegativeemotionsthanmen.10.Whatcouldbealikelyreasonforolderpeoplefeelinghappier?A.Theelderlydon'thavetheburdenofdailyhardwork.B.Theelderlyhaveamplefinancialresources.C.Theelderlyfeelmoregratefulfortheirlives.D.Theelderlyoftenfocusmoreonnegativeeventsforlongerperiods.11.WhatisTRUEaccordingtothefindingsofthestudy?A.Agingleadstoincreasedsleepissues.B.Theolderonegets,thepoorerthesleepquality.C.Sleepqualitydeclinesinmiddleagebutimprovesinlateryears.D.There'salinkbetweensleepandhappiness.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，文章主要說明人們在年老之后更多快樂更少擔(dān)心，幸福感有所增加的現(xiàn)象?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.(他的研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，22歲至25歲的成年人的壓力水平最高)”可知，20多歲的成年人壓力最大。故選A項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“However,womenatallagesreportedmoresadness,stressandworrythanmendid.(然而，所有年齡段的女性都比男性報告了更多的悲傷、壓力和擔(dān)憂)”可知，不同年齡的女性往往比男性經(jīng)歷更多的負面情緒。故選D項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Sowhywouldhappinessincreasewithage?Onetheoryisthat,aspeoplegetolder,theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.(那么，為什么幸福感會隨著年齡增長而增長呢?有一種理論認(rèn)為，隨著年齡的增長，人們會對所擁有的一切更加感恩，也能更好地控制自己的情緒。他們也很少花時間去想不好的經(jīng)歷)”可知，老年人感覺更開心是因為他們對自己的生命更加感恩。故選C項?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theoriginalgoalofthestudywastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwithincreasedsleepproblems.Thesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage,especiallyinwomen.Butexceptforthat,peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepquality,improvedastheygotolder.(這項研究的最初目的是證實人們普遍認(rèn)為衰老與睡眠問題增加有關(guān)。調(diào)查確實發(fā)現(xiàn)，在中年，尤其是女性中，這種情況有所增加。但除此之外，人們報告說，隨著年齡的增長，他們感到自己的睡眠質(zhì)量有所改善)”可知，人到中年睡眠質(zhì)量會下降，但在晚年會有所改善。故選C項。DArecentreportrevealedthat,intheUSalone,27milliontonsofplasticendedupinlandfillsin2018,butonly3.1milliontonswererecycled.Worldwidethenumbersaresimilarlybad,withjust9%ofplasticbeingrecycled.Thestatisticsareevenworseforcertaintypesofplastic.Forexample,outof80,000tonsofpolystyrene(聚苯乙烯)containersgeneratedintheUnitedStates,onlyasmallamount(lessthan5,000tons)wasrecycled.Now,researchersatTheUniversityofQueenslandhavefoundaspeciesofwormwithanappetiteforpolystyrenecouldbethekeytoplasticrecyclingonamassscale.Thesuperwormcaneatthroughpolystyrene,thankstoabacterialenzyme(酶)intheirgut.Tostudyhowsuperwormsreacttopurelyplasticfood,researchersbrokeup135ofthecreaturesintothreeteams:onewasfedonlywheatbran(麩皮),anotherwasfedonlyplastics,andthethirdwasgivennothing.“Wefoundthebran-fedwormshavebeensignificantlyhealthierthantheplastic-fedorstarvedworms,morethandoublingtheirweightoverthethreeweekstheyhavebeenmonitored.Thoughtheplastic-fedwormsmadelessimpressivegains,theystillputonmoreweightthanthestarvedworms,”Dr.Rinkesaid.“Thissuggeststhewormscangetenergyfromplastics,mostlikelywiththehelpoftheirgutmicrobes.”Researchersusedatechniquecalledmetagenomicstofindseveralencodedenzymeswiththeabilitytodegrade(降低)polystyrene.Thelong-termgoalistoengineerenzymestodegradeplasticwasteinrecyclingplants.“Superwormsarelikeminirecyclingplants,eatingthepolystyreneandthenfeedingittothebacteriaintheirgut,”Dr.Rinkesaid.It’shopedthisbio-upcyclingwillpromoteplasticwasterecyclingandreducelandfills.Researcherssaidtheyaimtogrowthegutbacteriainthelabandfurthertestitsabilitytodegradepolystyrene.Thentheycanlookintohowtoupscalethisprocesstoalevelrequiredforanentirerecyclingplant.12.Whatproblemdothestatisticsinparagraph1indicate?A.Landfillsarepoorlymanaged.B.Ittakesalongtimeforplasticwastetobreakup.C.Manyplasticcontainersareofpoorquality.D.Therateofrecycledplasticsareverylow.13.Howdoresearchersconductthestudyonsuperworms?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Bycollectingdata.C.Byintroducingaconcept. D.Byreferringtoapreviousstudy.14.WhatcanweinferfromDrRinke’swords?A.Superwormscouldsurviveononlyeatingpolystyrene.B.Superwormsshowedlittleinterestinwheatbran.C.Plastic-fedwormshadanobviousincreaseinweight.D.Bran-fedwormshadalongerlifespanthanplastic-fedworms.15.Whatdoresearchersplantodo?A.Conductexperimentsonotherwormspecies.B.Improvegutbacteria'sabilitytodegradeplastics.C.Raisesuperwormsonamassscaletosolveplasticpollution.D.Applythebio-upcyclingtechnologytorecyclingplants.【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，主要介紹了一種對聚苯乙烯有食欲的超級蠕蟲可能是大規(guī)模塑料回收的關(guān)鍵?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Arecentreportrevealedthat,intheUSalone,27milliontonsofplasticendedupinlandfillsin2018,butonly3.1milliontonswererecycled.Worldwidethenumbersaresimilarlybad,withjust9%ofplasticbeingrecycled.Thestatisticsareevenworseforcertaintypesofplastic.(最近的一份報告顯示，僅在美國，2018年就有2700萬噸塑料最終進入垃圾填埋場，但只有310萬噸回收。世界范圍內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)同樣糟糕，只有9%的塑料被回收利用。某些類型的塑料的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)甚至更糟)”可推知，第一段說明了塑料的回收率很低的問題。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Tostudyhowsuperwormsreacttopurelyplasticfood,researchersbrokeup135ofthecreaturesintothreeteams:onewasfedonlywheatbran(麩皮),anotherwasfedonlyplastics,andthethirdwasgivennothing.(為了研究超級蠕蟲對純塑料食物的反應(yīng)，研究人員將135只超級蠕蟲分成三組：一組只喂麥麩，另一組只喂塑料，第三組什么都不喂)”可知，研究者通過作比較的方法對超級蠕蟲進行研究。故選A項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段““Wefoundthebran-fedwormshavebeensignificantlyhealthierthantheplastic-fedorstarvedworms,morethandoublingtheirweightoverthethreeweekstheyhavebeenmonitored.Thoughtheplastic-fedwormsmadelessimpressivegains,theystillputonmoreweightthanthestarvedworms,”Dr.Rinkesaid.“Thissuggeststhewormscangetenergyfromplastics,mostlikelywiththehelpoftheirgutmicrobes.”(“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，用麩皮喂養(yǎng)的蠕蟲比用塑料喂養(yǎng)或挨餓的蠕蟲要健康得多，在監(jiān)測的三周內(nèi)，它們的體重增加了一倍多?！绷挚瞬┦空f:“雖然塑料喂養(yǎng)的蠕蟲沒有那么明顯的增長，但它們?nèi)匀槐瑞囸I的蠕蟲增重更多。這表明蠕蟲可以從塑料中獲取能量，很可能是在腸道微生物的幫助下?！?”可推知，超級蠕蟲只靠吃聚苯乙烯就能存活。故選A項?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Researcherssaidtheyaimtogrowthegutbacteriainthelabandfurthertestitsabilitytodegradepolystyrene.Thentheycanlookintohowtoupscalethisprocesstoalevelrequiredforanentirerecyclingplant.(研究人員表示，他們的目標(biāo)是在實驗室培養(yǎng)腸道細菌，并進一步測試其降解聚苯乙烯的能力。然后，他們可以研究如何將這一過程提升到整個回收廠所需的水平)”可知，研究者們計劃將生物升級回收技術(shù)應(yīng)用于回收工廠。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Developinggoodstudyhabitsisn’teasy._____16_____Inthisway,you’llbecomemoreandmoresuccessfulasastudent.Startbyallowingnointerruptions.____17____Youhavetogive100percentofyourattentiontoyourwork.Don’tallowyourselftobedistractedbyfriendsorfellowstudents.Keepyourgoalinmind;knowwhatyouhavetodoandwhenitneedstobedone.Don’tletotherpeopleinfluenceyouintonotdoingyourwork.____18____Ifyoustudybestinthemorning,plantodoyourhardestsubjectsfirst.Remembernottoleavetoday’sworktilltomorrow.Adelaylikethisiscalled“procrastination”.Ifyoudelayforanyreason,you’llfinditmoreandmoredifficulttogetthingsdonewhenyouneedto.Youmayrushtomakeupthetimeyouwastedgettingstarted,resultingincarelessanderror-filledwork.Anothergoodwaytostudyistotakepartinpartneredandgroup-studysessions.Theseallowstudentstoshareideas，andhelpeachotherdealwithdifficultmaterial.____19____Forminggoodstudyhabitscanbedifficultatfirst,andrequiresenergyandastrongwill.Butifyoucommityourselftoit,successwillbeyours.____20____Bydoingso,youwillknowthatyouhavetried.Ifyouaresatisfiedwithwhatyou’vedoneandknowthatyouhavetriedyourbest,yourgradewillbetheicingonthecake.A.Figureoutwhenyou’remostproductive.B.It’simpossibletostudywhilechattingorwatchingTV.C.Alwaysgiveyourbestintheclassroomandinstudysessions.D.Puttingoffyourtaskforanyreasoncanmakeitdifficulttofinishontime.E.Youmaydowellenoughbutmaybeyoucanhardlyachieveyourgoaleasily.F.Butstartwithaplan,putinalotofhardwork,andstudyingwillbecomeeasier.G.Inaddition,learningamongstudentsisagoodwayofgettingafirmergraspofthematerial.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.G20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣對于學(xué)習(xí)是非常重要的，但養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣并不容易，文章中提出了四個有效的建議。【16題詳解】文章后四段內(nèi)容是強調(diào)了學(xué)習(xí)計劃和努力的重要性，只要有計劃然后付出足夠的努力，困難的學(xué)習(xí)也會變得很容易。故F項“Butstartwithaplan,putinalotofhardwork,andstudyingwillbecomeeasier.”符合上下文語境。所以選擇F項?！?7題詳解】本段第一句“Startbyallowingnointerruptions”要求我們的學(xué)習(xí)要不受打擾，B項“It’simpossibletostudywhilechattingorwatchingTV.”恰好是不受打擾的例證。所以選擇B項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)橫線后句Ifyoustudybestinthemorning,plantodoyourhardestsubjectsfirst.可知建議我們在效率最高的時候?qū)W習(xí)最難學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。也就是說要提高學(xué)習(xí)的效率。故A項“Figureoutwhenyou’remostproductive.”符合上下文語境，所以選擇A項。19題詳解】本段第一句Anothergoodwaytostudyistotakepartinpartneredandgroup-studysessions.可知我們要在團隊里學(xué)習(xí)，要向同伴學(xué)習(xí)。故G項“Inaddition,learningamongstudentsisagoodwayofgettingafirmergraspofthematerial.”符合上下文語境。所以選擇G項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)橫線前句Butifyoucommityourselftoit,successwillbeyours.可知如果你非常認(rèn)真，最終成功會屬于你。所以在教室里和學(xué)習(xí)時間里，你都要全力以赴地學(xué)習(xí)。故C項符合上下文語境，所以選擇C項正確?！军c睛】本文小題2選擇B項，是對本段中心句“Startbyallowingnointerruptions.”的例證說明。抓住中心句中的關(guān)鍵詞“nointerruptions”。在定位選項的時候一定明確各備選選項的含義，抓住其關(guān)鍵詞語，根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)與具體內(nèi)容，將選項填入文中，填寫時尤為注意各選項中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段和句中的銜接標(biāo)志詞。

在定位選項時，要特別注意空格上下段的寫作內(nèi)容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義。將所選項放入空白處，看看是否與上下文構(gòu)成語義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語境。能否承接前后的寫作線索。使文章無論內(nèi)容還是銜接上都能做到通順。

一篇文章作為一個整體，是有其寫作的線索與思路的，在選項定位中，要尤其注意文章的寫作線索，文章的寫作思路的連貫使文章的每個段落、每個句子甚至每個短語均融為一體。如果帶入選項后，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章寫作線索中斷或是前后矛盾，應(yīng)更換其它選項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AtacafeinscenicAugsburg,PaulBlachut,awaiterisbusyatwork.It’sawarmSundayafternoonandmanypeoplehavecomeherefor_____21_____besidetheLechriver.ThemeltwaterfromtheAlpsmeansthewaterintheriverisvery_____22_____atthistimeofyear,andit_____23_____quickly.AlongtheS-shapedshore,peoplearepicnickingandchildrenareplaying.Amongthoseareamotherandhertwodaughters.They’restandingonthe_____24_____oftheriverbank,playingwithaninflatable(充氣的)tube.Suddenly,thegirls_____25_____balanceandfallintotheriver.Worsestill,thegirls_____26_____holdontothetube,whichtheirmotherissittingin,_____27_____herintotheriver,too.Nowallthreearecaughtintheriver'scurrent.Blachut_____28_____fromhisworkwhenhehearssomeoneshouting,“ThreepeoplearedrowningintheLech!”Blachut_____29_____thethreewomenashortdistanceaway,wavingtheirarmsandtryingtograbanythingtheycan.Havingtakenlifesavingtrainingcourses,hehurriestotheriverbankandjumpsintotheriver.Despitethecold,whathecaresaboutis_____30_____savinglives.AsBlachut____31____them,hecantellthemotherisinthemosttrouble.Blachutimmediatelydivesunderthedrowningwoman,liftsherupwardandpusheshertowardtheshore._____32_____,anonlookeriscloseenoughto_____33_____thewoman’shand,pullinghertoshore.Without_____34_____Blachutjumpsintothecurrentagain,savingthedaughtersinthesamewayhedidtheirmother.Themotherexpressesher_____35_____appreciationforBlachut,andheishappytoseetheyaresafeandsound.21.A.leisure B.business C.study D.research22.A.warm B.pure C.cold D.shallow23.A.covers B.dries C.winds D.flows24.A.edge B.top C.bottom D.entrance25.A.keep B.break C.find D.lose26.A.energetically B.desperately C.properly D.unwillingly27.A.directing B.exposing C.pulling D.following28.A.looksup B.turnsup C.passesout D.bringsout29.A.urges B.spots C.assumes D.ignores30.A.allbut B.everythingbut C.anythingbut D.nothingbut31.A.departs B.approaches C.figures D.awakens32.A.However B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Otherwise33.A.grasp B.offer C.loose D.tie34.A.doubt B.permission C.exception D.delay35.A.breathtaking B.heartfelt C.heart-warming D.good-natured【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.B30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Blachut就落水母女三人的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個溫暖的星期天下午，許多人來到萊赫河畔休閑。A.leisure休閑；B.business商業(yè)；C.study學(xué)習(xí)；D.research研究。由上文“It'sawarmSundayafternoon”可知，這是星期天下午，所以人們來河邊“休閑”放松。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：阿爾卑斯山的融水意味著每年這個時候河水都很冷，而且很快就會流下來。A.warm溫暖的；B.pure純的；C.cold冷的；D.shallow淺的。由下文“Despitethecold”可知，這時河水很“冷”。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：阿爾卑斯山的融水意味著每年這個時候河水都很冷，而且很快就會流下來。A.covers覆蓋；B.dries干燥；C.winds蜿蜒；D.flows流動。由上文“ThemeltwaterfromtheAlps”可知，這里指融水從山上“流”下。故選D項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們站在河岸邊玩充氣管。A.edge邊緣；B.top頂部；C.bottom底部；D.entrance入口。由下文“fallintotheriver”以及結(jié)合語境可知，她們是站在河“邊緣”玩。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，女孩們失去了平衡，掉進了河里。A.keep保留；B.break斷裂；C.find找到；D.lose失去。由下文“fallintotheriver”可知，這里應(yīng)指孩子們“失去”了平衡。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，女孩們緊緊抓住母親坐在上面的管子，把她也拉到河里。A.energetically精力充沛地；B.desperately拼命地；C.properly適當(dāng)?shù)兀籇.unwillingly不情愿地。由下文“Nowallthreearecaughtintheriver'scurrent”可知，小女孩們“拼命地”抓住管子，結(jié)果把母親也帶到河里了。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，女孩們緊緊抓住母親坐在里面的管子，把她也拉到河里。A.directing指導(dǎo)；B.exposing暴露；C.pulling拉動；D.following跟隨。由下文“Nowallthreearecaughtintheriver'scurrent”可知，小女孩們拼命地抓住管子，結(jié)果把母親也“拉”到河里了。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：Blachut聽到有人喊道，從工作中抬起頭來。A.looksup抬頭看；B.turnsup出現(xiàn)；C.passesout昏倒；D.bringsout生產(chǎn)。由下文“hehearssomeoneshouting”可知，Blachut聽到有人喊道，所以“抬頭”看發(fā)生了什么。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Blachut發(fā)現(xiàn)了不遠處的三個女人，她們揮舞著手臂，試圖抓住任何能抓住的東西。A.urges催促；B.spots看見；C.assumes假設(shè)；D.ignores忽略。由下文“wavingtheirarmsandtryingtograbanythingtheycan”可知，Blachut“看到”當(dāng)時河里的情景。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管天氣寒冷，他關(guān)心的只是拯救生命。A.allbut所有除了；B.everythingbut每一個除了；C.anythingbut任何東西除了；D.nothingbut什么也沒有除了。由下文“savinglives”以及結(jié)合語境可知，Blachut當(dāng)時除了救她們“什么其它的事情都沒有”考慮。故選D項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Blachut接近他們時，他可以看出母親遇到了最大的麻煩。A.departs離開；B.approaches接近；C.figures想；D.awakens喚醒。由下文“l(fā)iftsherupwardandpusheshertowardtheshore.”可知，Blachut先得“接近”她們，后面才能救。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，一名圍觀者足夠靠近該女子的手，將其拉到岸上。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Meanwhile同時；D.Otherwise否則。由下文“anonlookeriscloseenoughto11thewoman'shand,”可知，“同時”，另一個圍觀者也伸出援救之手。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，一名圍觀者足夠靠近該女子的手，將其拉到岸上。A.grasp抓?。籅.offer提供；C.loose疏松；D.tie系。由下文“pullinghertoshore”可知，需要先“抓住”手，才能拉倒岸邊。故選A項。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：毫不遲疑，B