廣東省肇慶市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷【含答案解析】

肇慶市2023-2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二年級期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALibertyHillFarmLibertyHillFarm,recognizedasVermont’sfirstGreenAgritourismEnterprise,offersvisitorsopportunitiestomilkandfeedRobethHolsteincows.Italsohasasmallhotelwithsevenguestrooms,whichmakesitaperfectdestinationforthoselookingtoenjoyarelaxingvacationalongwithafarmtour.WalkerHoneyFarmCuriousabouthowhoneygoesfrombeehive(蜂箱)tobottle?Visitthefamily-ownedWalkerHoneyFarminTexas,whereyoucantakeaguidedwalkingtourofthefarm’sfacilitiesandhearfirst-handfrombeekeepers.The45-minutetouralsoincludesastopatDancingBeeWineryonthefarm’sproperty,whereguestscantryhoneywine,oneoftheoldestwinesstillconsumedtoday.CharlestonTeaPlantationCharlestonTeaPlantationisNorthAmerica’sonlyteaplantation.GuestscanseetheacresofteaplantsandvisittheonlyteafactoryinAmerica.There’salsoanoptiontotakeanamazingtourwithBillHall,athird-generationteatasterwhooverseesthedailyoperationshere.Wanttotakesometeatogo?Visittheon-sitegiftshoptobuyspecialtyteasandrelateditemsliketeacups.ThoroughbredHeritageHorseFarmToursOnthethree-hourandguidedtours,guestscanseeandlearnmoreaboutCalumetFarm,afarmfamousforexcellenthorsesandracingoperationscoveringnearly800acres.Toursalsoincludeglimpses(體驗(yàn))ofmoviefilminglocationsforfilmslikeSecretariat,SeabiscuitandDreamer.1.Whichofthefollowingtoursprovidesaccommodationfortourists?A.LibertyHillFarm.B.WalkerHoneyFarm.C.CharlestonTeaPlantation.D.ThoroughbredHeritageHorseFarmTours.2.WhatdoWalkerHoneyFarmandCharlestonTeaPlantationhaveincommon?A.Theyareuniqueintheirareas.B.Theybothincludea45-minutetour.C.Theyareworld-famoustouristattractions.D.Theyofferdirectcommunicationwiththestaff.3.WhyareSecretariat,SeabiscuitandDreamermentioned?A.Toexplainthevisitingprocess.B.Tointroducesomefamousmovies.C.Tostressthepopularityofthefarms.D.Topresentaneye-catcherofthetours.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹4個(gè)可供參觀的農(nóng)場?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LibertyHillFarm部分“Italsohasasmallhotelwithsevenguestrooms(它還有一家有七間客房的小酒店)”可知，LibertyHillFar可以給游客提供住宿。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WalkerHoneyFarm部分“Visitthefamily-ownedWalkerHoneyFarminTexas,whereyoucantakeaguidedwalkingtourofthefarm’sfacilitiesandhearfirst-handfrombeekeepers.(參觀德克薩斯州家族經(jīng)營的沃克蜂蜜農(nóng)場，在那里你可以在導(dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下步行參觀農(nóng)場的設(shè)施，并直接聽取養(yǎng)蜂人的意見。)”和CharlestonTeaPlantation部分“There’salsoanoptiontotakeanamazingtourwithBillHall,athird-generationteatasterwhooverseesthedailyoperationshere.(還有一個(gè)選擇是與BillHall一起進(jìn)行一次令人驚嘆的旅行，BillHall是第三代品茶師，負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督這里的日常運(yùn)營。)”可知，這兩個(gè)地方提供與員工的直接溝通。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)ThoroughbredHeritageHorseFarmTours部分“Toursalsoincludeglimpses(體驗(yàn))ofmoviefilminglocationsforfilmslikeSecretariat,SeabiscuitandDreamer.(參觀還包括《秘書處》、《海餅干》和《夢想家》等電影的拍攝地點(diǎn)。)”可知，這一段提到這些地方是為了介紹這是一個(gè)引人注目的旅游景點(diǎn)。故選D。BAftermostpeoplecompletetheirundergraduatedegree,theyeithertakeabreakorjumpintoajob.Few,likeBriannaCraft,setouttosavetheworld.Itstartedwhenshewasafreshmansittinginanenvironmentalstudiesclassin2006.Craftwasshockedwhentheprofessordescribedtheharmclimatechangewashavingonpeople.Sherecordsthemomentinhernewbook,EverythingThatRises:AClimateChangeMemoir.Aftergraduation,CraftspentayearinAmeriCorps,focusingonprotectingtheenvironment.AmeriCorpsisanorganizationconnectingindividualsandorganizationstohelpcommunitiestackletheirtoughestchallenges.“Thathelpedmefigureoutthatmyfuturewasnotindoingscience,”shesays.Instead,shewantedtoworkwithpeopleandpolicy.ShethenhadanopportunitytoattendtheUNclimatenegotiations(磋商).That,inturn,preparedherforhercurrentroleasaseniorresearcherattheLondon-basedInternationalInstituteforEnvironmentandDevelopment(IIED).Herfocusistoensurethatthelowestcontributorstogreenhousegasesandthosemostaffectedbyclimatechangehaveavoiceininternationalclimatenegotiations.Forfiveyears,Craftattendedandsupportedclimateconferencesaroundtheworld,leadingtothesigningoftheParisAgreementin2015.Craftsays,“IwantedpeopletocareabouttheworkIdidintheclimatenegotiations,andwhywepushedsohardtoformthisagreement.”ThatledhertowriteEverythingThatRises:AClimateChangeMemoir.CraftbringstheviewpointofanAfricanAmericanwomanfromaruralnorthwestcommunity.Sheweaves(編織)togetherseveralstorylines-includingherdifficultchildhoodwithanirresponsibleparent,herself-discoveryincollegeandherworktohelpworktowardsclimateagreementsandensurethateventhesmallestcountrieshaveavoice.4.WhatmotivatedCrafttoworkonclimatechange?A.Acourse. B.Abook. C.Ascientist. D.Aprogram.5.HowdidtheexperienceinAmeriCorpshelpCraft?A.Shemadeachievements.B.Shefellinlovewithscience.C.Shegotinspirationforherbook.D.Shewasclearerabouthercareerpath.6.WhatdoesCraftdoasaseniorresearcherattheIIED?A.Shepromotesequalrightstospeakamongcountries.B.ShefocusesonremovinggreenhousegasesinLondon.C.SheensuresclimatenegotiationsaretheUN’stoppriority.D.Shespeaksforthecountriesproducingthemostgreenhousegases.7.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesCraft’sjob?A.Boring. B.Risky. C.Fruitful. D.Well-paid.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。講述了環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者克拉夫?yàn)閼?yīng)對氣候變化做出的貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Itstartedwhenshewasafreshmansittinginanenvironmentalstudiesclassin2006.Craftwasshockedwhentheprofessordescribedtheharmclimatechangewashavingonpeople.Sherecordsthemomentinhernewbook,EverythingThatRises:AClimateChangeMemoir.(2006年，她還是一名大一新生，坐在一門環(huán)境研究課上。當(dāng)教授描述氣候變化對人類的危害時(shí)，克拉夫特感到震驚。她在她的新書《崛起的一切：氣候變化回憶錄》中記錄了這一時(shí)刻。)”和第三段“Aftergraduation,CraftspentayearinAmeriCorps,focusingonprotectingtheenvironment.(畢業(yè)后，克拉夫特在美國服務(wù)隊(duì)呆了一年，專注于保護(hù)環(huán)境。)”可知，一門課程激勵(lì)Craft致力于天氣變化。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“AmeriCorpsisanorganizationconnectingindividualsandorganizationstohelpcommunitiestackletheirtoughestchallenges.“Thathelpedmefigureoutthatmyfuturewasnotindoingscience,”shesays.Instead,shewantedtoworkwithpeopleandpolicy.(美國志愿隊(duì)是一個(gè)將個(gè)人和組織聯(lián)系起來，幫助社區(qū)應(yīng)對最嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)的組織?！斑@讓我明白，我的未來不是做科學(xué)，”她說。相反，她想與人民和政策打交道。)”可知，在美國志愿隊(duì)的經(jīng)歷讓克拉夫?qū)τ谧约旱氖聵I(yè)之路更加清晰。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“That,inturn,preparedherforhercurrentroleasaseniorresearcherattheLondon-basedInternationalInstituteforEnvironmentandDevelopment(IIED).Herfocusistoensurethatthelowestcontributorstogreenhousegasesandthosemostaffectedbyclimatechangehaveavoiceininternationalclimatenegotiations.(這反過來又為她現(xiàn)在擔(dān)任倫敦國際環(huán)境與發(fā)展研究所(IIED)高級研究員的角色做好了準(zhǔn)備。她的重點(diǎn)是確保溫室氣體排放最少的國家和受氣候變化影響最嚴(yán)重的國家在國際氣候談判中有發(fā)言權(quán)。)”可知，克拉夫作為倫敦國際環(huán)境與發(fā)展研究所(IIED)高級研究員工作的重點(diǎn)是提倡國家間的平等發(fā)言權(quán)。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Forfiveyears,Craftattendedandsupportedclimateconferencesaroundtheworld,leadingtothesigningoftheParisAgreementin2015.Craftsays,“IwantedpeopletocareabouttheworkIdidintheclimatenegotiations,andwhywepushedsohardtoformthisagreement.”ThatledhertowriteEverythingThatRises:AClimateChangeMemoir.(五年來，克拉夫特參加并支持了世界各地的氣候會(huì)議，并于2015年簽署了《巴黎協(xié)定》?？死蛱卣f:“我希望人們關(guān)心我在氣候談判中所做的工作，以及我們?yōu)槭裁慈绱伺Φ剡_(dá)成這項(xiàng)協(xié)議?！边@讓她寫出了《崛起的一切：氣候變化回憶錄》?！笨赏茢?，克拉夫工作成就碩果累累。故選C。CScientistshavebeenabletotracktheentirelifeofamammoth(猛犸象)thatlivedmorethan17,000yearsago.TheteamfiguredoutwhereinAlaskaitlikelywasatanygivenpointofits28-yearlife.Todoso,theresearcherscloselystudieda1.8-meter-longmammothtusk(象牙)datingbackaround17,100years.Mammothtusksgrowbyaddinglayersoftissuealmostdaily,formingringslikeatreethatcanrevealdetailedinformation.Themainthingtheresearchersanalyzedwasstrontiumisotopes(鍶同位素),whichcanactalmostlikeanancientGPS.Differentareashavedifferentisotopicfeatures,whichstartinmineralsdeepundergroundandmaketheirwaytothetopoftheland,intoplantsandwater.Finally,theycanbeseenontheanimalsthatconsumethoseplantsandwater.PreviousstudieshadproducedanisotopicmapofAlaskabyanalyzingisotopesintheteethofhundredsofsmallanimals,whichdon’ttravelfarintheirlifetimesandsorepresentalocalarea.Theresearcherscanthencompareisotopicsignalsfromeachpartofthemammoth’stusktothismap,togetanideaofwherethemammothmostlikelywanderedthroughoutitslife.Thescientistsstartedfromwhereitsremainswerefound.Workingbackwards,thescientiststhenlookedattheisotopicfeatureofwherethemammothwasaboutaweekbeforedeath,thensearchedthemapforthebestmatchinanearbyarea.Amodelthenworkedbackwardsstepwisetodeterminethemostlikelyroutesthemammothmighthavetaken.AccordingtotheresearchthemammothseemstohavespenthisearlyyearsintheYukonRiverBasinandAlaska,constantlytrekkingbetweenseveralterritoriesinapredictablepattern.Theteamsaysthatthisbehaviorseemstobelikemodernelephants,movingregularlyfromplacetoplace.8.Whatisthekeytoreadingthemammoth’stusk?A.Thelengthofthetusk. B.Theageofthemammoth.C.Theareathemammothlivedin. D.Thetissuefoundinthetusk’slayers.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Plantsandwateraremaincarriersofisotopes.B.Theisotopesinthetuskcamefromtheunderground.C.Itwasdifficulttoanalyzetheisotopicfeaturesofanarea.D.Theresearchersweresurprisedtofindisotopesinthetusk.10.Howdopreviousstudiesbenefitthepresentone?A.Byexplainingthesignificanceoftusks. B.ByrecordingtheanimalspeciesofAlaska.C.Byofferingresearchersamaptocomparewith. D.Byprovingthepossibilityofanalyzingisotopes.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trekking”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Lookingforfood. B.Escapingfromdangers.C.Makingalongjourney. D.Sendingwarningsignals.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于猛犸象的研究，研究通過分析猛犸象的象牙來追蹤它們生前的蹤跡?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Mammothtusksgrowbyaddinglayersoftissuealmostdaily,formingringslikeatreethatcanrevealdetailedinformation.(猛犸象象牙幾乎每天都會(huì)增加一層又一層的組織，形成像樹一樣的年輪，可以揭示詳細(xì)的信息)”可知，解讀猛犸象象牙的關(guān)鍵是象牙層中發(fā)現(xiàn)的組織。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Differentareashavedifferentisotopicfeatures,whichstartinmineralsdeepundergroundandmaketheirwaytothetopoftheland,intoplantsandwater.(不同的地區(qū)有不同的同位素特征，它們從地下深處的礦物質(zhì)開始，然后到達(dá)陸地的頂部，進(jìn)入植物和水中)”可推知，象牙中的同位素來自地下。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“PreviousstudieshadproducedanisotopicmapofAlaskabyanalyzingisotopesintheteethofhundredsofsmallanimals,whichdon’ttravelfarintheirlifetimesandsorepresentalocalarea.(以前的研究通過分析數(shù)百種小動(dòng)物牙齒中的同位素，繪制了阿拉斯加的同位素圖，這些小動(dòng)物一生中不會(huì)走很遠(yuǎn)，因此代表了一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)氐貐^(qū))”可知，以前的研究為研究人員提供一份可供比較的圖。故選C?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“betweenseveralterritoriesinapredictablepattern”以及“Theteamsaysthatthisbehaviorseemstobelikemodernelephants,movingregularlyfromplacetoplace.(研究小組表示，這種行為似乎就像現(xiàn)代大象一樣，有規(guī)律地從一個(gè)地方移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)地方)”可知，猛犸象以一種可預(yù)測的模式不斷地在幾個(gè)地區(qū)之間長途旅行。故劃線詞意思是“長途旅行”。故選C。DFrompeople’sbrains,asongwasjustpickedbyscientists.Inanewexperiment,electrodes(電極)measuredtheirbrainactivityastheylistenedtoasong.Fromthosemeasurements,acomputercouldthenproducenoisesthatsoundedlikethesongthepeoplehadheard.The29participantswereinthehospitalandhadelectrodesfixedintheirbrains.Theseelectrodesweremeanttotrackthesourceoftheirepilepsy(癲癇),adisorderofthenervoussystem.Forpartofthattime,theylistenedtoasong-PinkFloyd’s1979hitAnotherBrickintheWall.Butinthisexperiment,theresearchersfoundanadditionalusefortheelectrodes.Theyusedthemtocatchtheelectricalsignalsmovingbetweenbraincells,orneurons(神經(jīng)元).Neuronsrespondedtothesong-especiallyinpartsofthebraininvolvedinprocessingsound.Electrodesdetectedneuralsignalsassociatedwithhearingrhythm,harmonyandotheraspectsofmusic.Withthatinformation,theteambuiltacomputermodeltocreatesoundsbasedonbrainactivity.Anditwasabletoproducenoisesthatsoundedliketheoriginalsong.“It’sarealtourdeforce,”saysRobertZatorre,aneuroscientistinCanada.“You’rerecordingtheactivityofneuronsdirectlyfromthebrain,soyougetverydirectinformationaboutexactlywhatthepatternsofactivityare.”Thenewstudyalsohighlightswhichpartsofthebrainrespondtodifferentaspectsofmusic.TakeoneknownastheSuperiorTemporalGyrus(STG),anareaofthebrainthatisinchargeofsoundandlanguage.It’sfoundinthelowermiddleofeachsideofthebrain.ActivityinonepartoftheSTGgotstrongerattheonsetofspecificsounds.Saywhenaguitarnoteplayed.AnotherareaoftheSTGbecameobviouslymoreactivewhenitheardsinging.12.Theapplicationofdetectingsignalsbytheelectrodesis________.Aanimproperpractice B.anunintentionalmoveC.anefficienttrackingmethod D.aneffectiveapproachtotreatingepilepsy13.Whatwasthecomputermodelintendedtodo?A.Detectneuralsignals. B.Monitorbrainactivity.C.Analyzedifferentbrainactivities. D.Interpretneuralsignalsintomusic.14.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinthelastparagraph?A.Thebrainiscomprisedofdifferentareas.B.Thenewstudyprovesthecomplexityofthebrain.C.Differentbrainareaspickupvariousaspectsofmusic.D.Differentstylesofmusiccausedifferentbrainactivities.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewFieldsforMusicStudy B.ReproduceMusicfromtheBrainC.ARealBlessingforMusicLovers D.CreateComputerModelsforBrainResearch【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究人員在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，通過電極測量發(fā)現(xiàn)計(jì)算機(jī)可以產(chǎn)生聽起來像人們聽到的歌曲的噪音。文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theseelectrodesweremeanttotrackthesourceoftheirepilepsy(癲癇),adisorderofthenervoussystem.Forpartofthattime,theylistenedtoasong-PinkFloyd’s1979hitAnotherBrickintheWall.Butinthisexperiment,theresearchersfoundanadditionalusefortheelectrodes.(這些電極旨在追蹤他們癲癇的來源，這是一種神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)紊亂。在那段時(shí)間里，他們聽了一首歌曲——平克·弗洛伊德1979年的熱門歌曲《墻中的另一塊磚》。但在這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了電極的另一個(gè)用途)”可知，電極檢測信號的應(yīng)用是一個(gè)無意的舉動(dòng)。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Withthatinformation,theteambuiltacomputermodeltocreatesoundsbasedonbrainactivity.Anditwasabletoproducenoisesthatsoundedliketheoriginalsong.(有了這些信息，研究小組建立了一個(gè)基于大腦活動(dòng)的計(jì)算機(jī)模型來創(chuàng)造聲音。它能夠發(fā)出聽起來像原始歌曲的聲音)”可知，計(jì)算機(jī)模型的目的是將神經(jīng)信號翻譯成音樂。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thenewstudyalsohighlightswhichpartsofthebrainrespondtodifferentaspectsofmusic.TakeoneknownastheSuperiorTemporalGyrus(STG),anareaofthebrainthatisinchargeofsoundandlanguage.It’sfoundinthelowermiddleofeachsideofthebrain.ActivityinonepartoftheSTGgotstrongerattheonsetofspecificsounds.Saywhenaguitarnoteplayed.AnotherareaoftheSTGbecameobviouslymoreactivewhenitheardsinging.(這項(xiàng)新研究還強(qiáng)調(diào)了大腦的哪些部分會(huì)對音樂的不同方面做出反應(yīng)。以顳上回（STG）為例，這是大腦中負(fù)責(zé)聲音和語言的區(qū)域。它位于大腦兩側(cè)的中下部。在特定的聲音開始時(shí)，STG的一個(gè)部分的活動(dòng)變得更強(qiáng)。比如當(dāng)吉他音符響起的時(shí)候。STG的另一個(gè)區(qū)域在聽到歌聲時(shí)明顯變得更加活躍)”可推知，作者在最后一段主要想表達(dá)的是不同的大腦區(qū)域接收音樂的不同方面。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段“Frompeople’sbrains,asongwasjustpickedbyscientists.Inanewexperiment,electrodes(電極)measuredtheirbrainactivityastheylistenedtoasong.Fromthosemeasurements,acomputercouldthenproducenoisesthatsoundedlikethesongthepeoplehadheard.(科學(xué)家們剛剛從人們的大腦中挑選出了一首歌。在一項(xiàng)新的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，當(dāng)他們聽一首歌時(shí)，電極測量了他們的大腦活動(dòng)。從這些測量結(jié)果中，計(jì)算機(jī)可以產(chǎn)生聽起來像人們聽到的歌曲的噪音)”可知，文章主要說明了研究人員在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，通過電極測量發(fā)現(xiàn)計(jì)算機(jī)可以產(chǎn)生聽起來像人們聽到的歌曲的噪音?？芍珺選項(xiàng)“從大腦中復(fù)制音樂”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Badthoughtscantroubleyoufordays,weeks,ormonths.Whileyoushouldalwaysseekhelpifyouconstantlysufferfrombadthoughts,youcanworkthroughthemonyourowninmanycases.____16____Thisispossiblytheeasiestwaytostartaddressingyourproblems.Toooftenyoubelieveyouaretheonlyonewithproblems,orthatnooneunderstandswhatyouaregoingthrough.Butbadthoughtsarepartoflifeand,mostimportantly,theywillgoaway.Thinkaboutwhatmakesthethought“bad”.Whyareyouupsetaboutit?____17____Badthoughtsexistbecauseyoufeelashamed,angry,orunsure,sothinkingaboutwhyyouarecaughtonthesamethoughtcanhelpaddresstheproblem.____18____Gettingyourbadthoughtsintotheopenisagreatwaytoworkthroughwhatmakesthemsobad.Ithelpsyourealizethatthethoughtisnotasbadasitseemed.____19____Simplytellingyourthoughtsinacomfortablesettingmaybeenoughtoremovethem.Literally“throwyourproblemaway”.Thismaysoundstrangeandunusual,butpeoplewhowritedowntheirbadthoughtsandthrowthepaperawayhaveabetterself-imagethanpeoplewhokeepthepaper.Bydoingthis,youcantellyourbodythatitistimetomoveon.____20____A.Whatismakingitstickinyourhead?B.Howcanyousolveitasquicklyaspossible?C.Rememberthatoccasionalbadthoughtsarenormal.D.Talkthroughyourbadthoughtswithsomeoneyoutrust.E.Evenifasituationisn’tidealorisdifficult,youcanstillbeokay.F.Also,someonewithsimilaranxietiesmayofferyouvaluableadvice.G.Justemptyingyourcomputer’strashbin(垃圾箱)hasthesameeffect.【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.F20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了應(yīng)對“不好的想法”的一些技巧?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容“Thisispossiblytheeasiestwaytostartaddressingyourproblems.Toooftenyoubelieveyouaretheonlyonewithproblems,orthatnooneunderstandswhatyouaregoingthrough.Butbadthoughtsarepartoflifeand,mostimportantly,theywillgoaway.(這可能是解決問題最簡單的方法。你常常認(rèn)為你是唯一一個(gè)有問題的人，或者沒有人理解你在經(jīng)歷什么。但壞想法是生活的一部分，最重要的是，它們會(huì)消失)”可知，作者在解釋人人都會(huì)有不好的想法，它們是生活中的一部分，因此C項(xiàng)“記住，偶爾的壞想法是正常的?！痹谑拙湮恢米罴?。故選C?！?7題詳解】本段首句“Thinkaboutwhatmakesthethought“bad”.(想想什么讓這個(gè)想法變得“糟糕”)”建議讀者思考什么導(dǎo)致想法糟糕，第二句“Whyareyouupsetaboutit?(你為什么心煩意亂？)”是建議讀者思考為什么對這種想法心煩意亂，A項(xiàng)“Whatismakingitstickinyourhead?(是什么讓它在你腦海里揮之不去？)”繼續(xù)用問題引發(fā)讀者思考：是什么導(dǎo)致這個(gè)想法縈繞心頭，因此最符合邏輯。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Gettingyourbadthoughtsintotheopenisagreatwaytoworkthroughwhatmakesthemsobad.Ithelpsyourealizethatthethoughtisnotasbadasitseemed.(把你的壞想法說出來是一種很好的方法，可以讓你理清是什么讓它們變得如此糟糕。它會(huì)幫助你意識到這個(gè)想法并不像看起來那么糟糕)”可知，本段給讀者的建議是將自己的想法說出來告訴別人以及這樣做的好處，因此D項(xiàng)“和你信任的人談?wù)勀愕膲南敕??！睘楸径沃黝}句。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Gettingyourbadthoughtsintotheopenisagreatwaytoworkthroughwhatmakesthemsobad.Ithelpsyourealizethatthethoughtisnotasbadasitseemed.(把你的壞想法說出來是一種很好的方法，可以讓你理清是什么讓它們變得如此糟糕。它會(huì)幫助你意識到這個(gè)想法并不像看起來那么糟糕)”和下文“Simplytellingyourthoughtsinacomfortablesettingmaybeenoughtoremovethem.(在一個(gè)舒適的環(huán)境中簡單地說出你的想法可能足以消除它們)”可知，本段給讀者的建議是將自己的想法告訴別人以及這樣做的好處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“同樣，有類似焦慮的人可能會(huì)給你提供有價(jià)值的建議?！币彩沁@樣做的好處之一，符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)首句“Literally“throwyourproblemaway”.(字面意思“扔掉你的問題”)”可知，本段建議拋掉不好的想法，前文“Thismaysoundstrangeandunusual,butpeoplewhowritedowntheirbadthoughtsandthrowthepaperawayhaveabetterself-imagethanpeoplewhokeepthepaper.Bydoingthis,youcantellyourbodythatitistimetomoveon.(這聽起來可能有些奇怪和不尋常，但是那些把自己不好的想法寫下來然后扔掉的人比那些留著紙的人有更好的自我形象。通過這樣做，你可以告訴你的身體是時(shí)候繼續(xù)前進(jìn)了)”引用了研究結(jié)論來佐證拋開不好的想法的益處，G項(xiàng)“清空電腦的垃圾箱也有同樣的效果?！狈媳径沃黝}。故選G。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenDeJuanwasinfourthgrade,hedidn’thavethemoneyforschoollunch.“Iwouldn’thavemadeitwithoutgeneroushelpfromothers,”saidDeJuan,now15.Thisyear,DeJuan____21____moneyontheInternet.“Iwantedtodosomethingto____22____otherkidsgetthehelpneeded.”DeJuan’s____23____wastocollect$200tohelpparentsinhiscommunitypayfortheirkids’school____24____.Inlessthantwoweeks,hereceived$400.Hewentbacktohis____25____school,McCurdyElementaryand____26____theheadteacherwithacheck.NowDeJuanisraisingmoneyto____27____theentireHazelwoodSchoolDistrict,which____28____morethan30schools.“Sometimes,schoollunchistheonlymealakidcan____29____,”hesaysonhisGoFundMepage.“Food_____30_____isahugeissue,andIamdoingwhatIcanto_____31_____it.”AsofSeptember23,donationstotalednearly$10,000.Besidestakingcareofotherkids’meals,DeJuanalsokeepshimself_____32_____byrunningTeamTechBoy,abusinesshestartedtoencouragekids’interestinSTEM(science,technology,engineering,mathematics).Andhehas_____33_____twoSTEM-themedcomicbooksbasedonhisownunderstandingofSTEMeducation.“_____34_____reallywarmsmyheart,”DeJuansays.“ThefactthatI’vebeenableto_____35_____others’livespositivelygivesmeareallygoodfeeling.”21.A.borrowed B.raised C.earned D.wasted22.A.announce B.indicate C.ensure D.admit23.A.limit B.duty C.goal D.promise24.A.meals B.services C.repairs D.projects25.A.musical B.favorite C.special D.old26.A.helped B.presented C.blessed D.confused27.A.support B.acknowledge C.evaluate D.investigate28.A.surprises B.includes C.inspires D.convinces29.A.carrywith B.dependon C.worryabout D.preparefor30.A.production B.transportation C.quality D.insecurity31.A.detect B.know C.handle D.expose32.A.occupied B.qualified C.noticed D.amazed33.A.digested B.read C.donated D.written34.A.Holdingon B.Writingdown C.Speakingup D.Givingback35.A.impact B.observe C.approach D.report【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.B29.B30.D31.C32.A33.D34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述15歲的DeJuan通過在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上籌集資金來幫助他所在社區(qū)的家長支付孩子的學(xué)?；锸迟M(fèi)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：今年，DeJuan在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上籌集了資金。A.borrowed借；B.raised籌集；C.earned掙得；D.wasted浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)下文“DeJuan’s____3____wastocollect$200”可知，DeJuan是在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上籌錢。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想做點(diǎn)什么，確保其他孩子得到所需的幫助。A.announce通知；B.indicate暗示；C.ensure確保；D.admit承認(rèn)。根據(jù)下文“tohelpparentsinhiscommunitypayfortheirkids’school____4____.”可知，DeJuan在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上籌錢的目的是要確保孩子們得到所需的幫助。故選C。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：DeJuan的目標(biāo)是籌集200美元，幫助他所在社區(qū)的家長支付孩子的學(xué)?；锸迟M(fèi)。A.limit限制；B.duty責(zé)任；C.goal目標(biāo)；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)下文“tocollect$200”可知，籌集200美元是DeJuan的目標(biāo)。故選C。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意見第3題詳解。A.meals飯；B.services服務(wù)；C.repairs修理；D.projects項(xiàng)目。根據(jù)下文“Sometimes,schoollunchistheonlymealakidcan____9____,”可知，DeJuan籌錢是為了幫助他所在社區(qū)的家長支付孩子在學(xué)校的飯錢。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他回到他原來的學(xué)校，麥克庫迪小學(xué)，給了校長一張支票。A.musical音樂的；B.favorite最喜歡的；C.special特別的；D.old從前的，原來的。根據(jù)上文“Hewentbackto”可知，DeJuan應(yīng)該是回到他以前的學(xué)校。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意見第5題詳解。A.helped幫助；B.presented正式提交；C.blessed保佑；D.confused使困惑。根據(jù)下文“theheadteacherwithacheck”可知，把籌集到的錢給了校長。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，DeJuan正在籌集資金支持整個(gè)Hazelwood學(xué)區(qū)，該學(xué)區(qū)包括30多所學(xué)校。A.support支持；B.acknowledge承認(rèn)；C.evaluate評估；D.investigate調(diào)查。根據(jù)下文“Food____10____isahugeissue,andIamdoingwhatIcanto____11____it.”可知，DeJuan籌錢是為了支持整個(gè)Hazelwood學(xué)區(qū)。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意見第7題詳解。A.surprises使吃驚；B.includes包括；C.inspires鼓舞；D.convinces使相信。根據(jù)下文“morethan30schools”可知，這里指整個(gè)Hazelwood學(xué)區(qū)包括30多所學(xué)校。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他在自己的GoFundMe頁面上說：“有時(shí)候，學(xué)校午餐是孩子唯一可以依賴的食物?！盇.carrywith攜帶；B.dependon依賴；C.worryabout擔(dān)心；D.preparefor做準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)上文“schoollunchistheonlymeal”可知，學(xué)校午餐是孩子唯一可以依賴的食物。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：糧食不安全是一個(gè)巨大的問題，我正在盡我所能解決它。A.production產(chǎn)品；B.transportation運(yùn)輸；C.quality品質(zhì)；D.insecurity不安全。根據(jù)下文“isahugeissue”可知，是一個(gè)巨大的問題的應(yīng)該是糧食不安全。故選D。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意見第10題詳解。A.detect偵查；B.know知道；C.handle解決；D.expose暴露。根據(jù)上文“Food____10____isahugeissue,andIamdoingwhatIcanto”可知，糧食不安全是一個(gè)巨大的問題，所以DeJuan應(yīng)該是正在盡力去解決它。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：除了照顧其他孩子的飲食，DeJuan還忙于經(jīng)營TeamTechBoy，這是他創(chuàng)辦的一家公司，旨在鼓勵(lì)孩子們對STEM（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程、數(shù)學(xué)）的興趣。A.occupied占據(jù)，忙于；B.qualified有資格；C.noticed注意；D.amazed使吃驚。根據(jù)下文“byrunningTeamTechBoy,abusinesshestartedtoencouragekids’interestinSTEM(science,technology,engineering,mathematics).”可知，除了照顧其他孩子的飲食，DeJuan應(yīng)該是還忙于經(jīng)營TeamTechBoy。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他根據(jù)自己對STEM教育的理解，寫了兩本STEM主題漫畫書。A.digested消化；B.read讀；C.donated捐贈(zèng)；D.written寫。根據(jù)下文“twoSTEM-themedcomicbooksbasedonhisownunderstandingofSTEMeducation”可知，DeJuan應(yīng)該是根據(jù)自己對STEM教育的理解，寫了兩本STEM主題漫畫書。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：“回饋真的溫暖了我的心，”DeJuan說。“事實(shí)上，我能夠積極影響他人的生活，這給了我一種非常好的感覺。”A.Holdingon抓住不放；B.Writingdown寫下；C.Speakingup說出；D.Givingback歸還。根據(jù)上文“DeJuan’s____3____wastocollect$200tohelpparentsinhiscommunitypayfortheirkids’school____4____.”和下文“ThefactthatI’vebeenableto____15____others’livespositivelygivesmeareallygoodfeeling.”可知，這里應(yīng)該是指通過自己的努力來幫助他曾經(jīng)在的學(xué)校，所以這是在回饋原來的學(xué)校。故選D。【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意見第14題詳解。A.impact影響；B.observe觀察；C.approach方法；D.report報(bào)告。根據(jù)上文“Food____10____isahugeissue,andIamdoingwhatIcanto____11____it.”可知，DeJuan是在通過自己的努力對他人的生活產(chǎn)生影響。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinaistheworld’slargestteaproducer,exporter,andconsumer.In2022,Chinaproduced3.35millionmetrictonsoftea,____36____(account)fornearlyhalfoftheglobalteaproduction.Atpresent,however,thedigitalizationis____37____theteaindustryneedsmost.“Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,theteaproductionareainChina____38____(experience)fastdevelopmentbutfaceschallengessuchasold-fashionedproductionandmanagementmethods,”saidJiangRenhua,____39____teaexpert,attheopeningceremonyofthe32ndChinaTeaScienceandTechnologyAnnualConferenceinQingdao.____40____(address)theindustry’schallenges,Jiangsuggestedacomprehensive(全面的)digitaltransformationthatcoverseveryaspectoftheteaproductionchain,frompicking____41____processingandsales.Theconceptofintelligentteagardens____42____(be)anotableexample.Withthehelpofmoderntechnologies,teagrowerscanmonitorthegrowthofteatreesandtheirsurroundingsmoreprecisely(準(zhǔn)確地).Inspiteofthesignificantprogress____43____(achieve)inmonitoringmethods,challengesremain.High-performancesensorsthatcan____44____(accurate)detectthesoilareinhighdemandbutstilllimitedinavailability.Researchanddevelopmentefforts,aswellastheinstallation(安裝)ofsuchsensors,facechallengesduetothediversesoil_____45_____(condition)intea-growingareas.【答案】36.accounting37.what38.hasexperienced39.a40.Toaddress41.to42.is43.achieved44.accurately45.conditions【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹中國目前茶業(yè)的發(fā)展和面臨許多的挑戰(zhàn)?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：2022年，中國的茶葉產(chǎn)量為335萬公噸，占全球茶葉產(chǎn)量的近一半。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，動(dòng)詞account是被修飾的名詞短語3.35millionmetrictonsoftea主動(dòng)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，作結(jié)果狀語。故填accounting。【37題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：然而，目前，數(shù)字化是茶業(yè)最需要的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，空格處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句缺少賓語，指物，“……的事物”的意思，用連詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what。【38題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在青島舉行的第32屆中國茶葉科技年會(huì)開幕式上，茶專家姜仁