Unit2MakingaDifferenceGrammarVocabulary課件高一英語

Unit2Period2Grammar&Vocabulary新課導(dǎo)入Observethefollowingsentencesandthefeatureofthev-ed.1.Exhaustedbytherunning,theywentonrunningaftertherobber.2.Thegovernmentdecidedtorebuildthedamagedbridge.作狀語作定語

WewilllearnV-edformasattributive課堂學(xué)習(xí)Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.-edasattributivea....Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher...b.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.1.Whatwasspokeninsentence(a)Whatwasfinishedinsentence(b)2.Whydoestheauthoruse-edinsteadof-ing“Thewords”werespokeninsentence(a).“Thewell”wasfinishedinsentence(b)Because“thewords”were“spoken”insteadof“speaking”,and“thewell”was“finished”insteadof“finishing”.Thewordsinboldshowpassiveinsteadofactiveactions.1Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.c....Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordswhichwerespokenbyhisteacher...d.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthe

well,whichwasfinished,withhisowneyes.3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences4.Whydoestheauthorchoosetouse-edinsteadofanattributiveclauseinthereadingpassageSentences(a)and(b)contain-edasattributivewhilesentences(c)and(d)containattributiveclauses.Thesentencesusing-edasattributivearemoreconciseandformal.Nowlookformoresentenceswith-edasattributiveinthereadingpassage.1.Whattheyneededwasawelldugneartheirhomes.(para.2)2.Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.(para.4)3.Manyinspiredpeoplegavehimtheirsupport.(para.5)4.Thisinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix-year-oldboywhohadthecourageandperseverancetomakehisdreamareality.(para.6)-edasattributive過去分詞作定語一、過去分詞作定語時(shí)的位置1.前置定語一般情況下，單個(gè)過去分詞作前置定語，即放在所修飾詞之前。Thepollutedwaterwastobeblamedforthespreadofcholera.Therecoveredanimalswillbereleasedsoon.(1)有些過去分詞表示特定含義時(shí)，單獨(dú)作定語也放在所修飾的名詞之后，如left（剩余的），given（所給的），concerned（有關(guān)的）等。Therearefewtigersleft.Itistimeforthedepartmentsconcernedtotakemeasurestoprotectthemfromdyingout.(2)如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no與thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等，單個(gè)分詞放在被修飾詞的后面。Isthereanythingunsolved2.后置定語過去分詞短語作定語時(shí)往往作后置定語，即放在所修飾詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。LastTuesdayinamountainousarea,therewereatotalof173sheepkilled(＝whichwerekilled)almostimmediatelywhenlightningstruck.二、過去分詞作定語時(shí)的意義1.及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，在語態(tài)上表示被動；在時(shí)間上，常表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Trucksandbusesweredrivenongascarriedinlargebagsontheroof.

(表被動)卡車與公共汽車皆燒煤氣，煤氣裝在車頂上的大袋中。Theplanputforwardatthemeetingwillbecarriedoutsoon.

(表被動和完成)會上提出的計(jì)劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，它不表示被動意義，只強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成。Ourretiredsoccercoachwenttowatchusplayagamelastweek.上周我們已退休的足球教練去看我們打了一場比賽。Therisensunisshiningbrightlyinthemorning.早上已升起的太陽正明亮地照耀著。三、過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別意義形式語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)過去分詞被動完成現(xiàn)在分詞主動進(jìn)行Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Thevisitorcamefromadevelopedcountry.ReadthediscussionbetweentwostudentsaboutRyan’sfoundation.

Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingthe-edform.Ryanisayoungmanwho

isadmiredbyalotofpeople.

ThemoneywhichisraisedbyhisfoundationsupportsschoolsandcommunitiesinAfrica.Ithinkdiggingwellsfordrinkingwaterisagoodwaytosolvetheproblemofwatershortage.Ryanisayoungmanadmiredbyalotofpeople.Themoneyraisedbyhisfoundation

supportsschoolsandcommunitiesinAfrica.2Iabsolutelyagreewithyou.Diggingwellsisagoodway,butnottheonlyway,tosolvetheproblemofwatershortageinAfrica.Asinthe

wordswhichwerespokenbyRyan,weneedtonotonlydonatemoneybutalsogetnewideas.

Ithinkthesupportwhichisneededincludesnewtechnologyforrecycling

waterandeducationonhowtouseandsavewater.Asinthewordsspokenby

Ryan,weneedtonotonlydonatemoneybutalsogetnewideas.Ithinkthesupportneededincludesnewtechnologyforrecyclingwaterandeducationonhowtouseandsavewater.Readthepassageandchoosethecorrectformofthewords.TheUnitedNationsChildren’sFund,alsoknowing/

knownasUNICEF,isaUnitedNations(UN)organisationbasing/

basedinNewYork.Itoffershelpneeding/

neededbychildrenallovertheworld.UNICEFwasfoundedon11December1946,toprovidefoodandhealthcaretochildrenincountriesdamaging/

damagedinWorldWarⅡ.Since1953,UNICEFhastakenupanextendedmissiontohelpchildreninthedeveloping/

developedworld,includingthoseliving/

livedwith

diseasesordisabilities,andthoseaffecting/

affectedbyrapidmodernisationandenvironmental

problems.Now,UNICEFhasbeenworkingtoimprovethelivesofchildrenandtheirfamiliesacross

190countriesandterritories.3PersonalqualitiesReadthedescriptionsandunderlinethewordsthatdescribepersonalqualities.LiuTaoHe’ssensitiveandratherserious,whichsometimesmakeshimappeartobealittlebookish.

Buthe’salsoanindependentthinker.

Healwaysknowshowtomakewisedecisions.She’susuallyveryshy,butshe’sgenerousandneverhesitatestohelp.She’salsothemosthonestpersonIknow.

Icanalwaystrustherwithmysecrets.LiMei4TimAnnaHe’salwaysconfidentabouteverything.He’sagoodpublicspeakerandIhaveneverseenhimgetnervous.Andhe’screative.Heoftencomesupwithgoodideas.She’seasygoing

withasenseofhumour.She’lltry

tocheeryouupifyouhaveaproblem,butshe’skindof

lazy.Herdeskisextremelymessy!someotherwordsthatdescribepersonalqualitiesable,ambitious,active,hospitable,considerate,capable,energetic,selfless,aggressive,attractive,cooperativePutthewordsyouunderlinedinActivity4intothetable.Addanymoreyoucanthinkof.PositiveNeutralNegativeindependentgeneroushonestconfidentcreativeeasygoingsensitiveseriousbookishshynervouslazyloyal;intelligent;determined;warm-heartedstraightforwardself-consciousstrictshort-sightedselfishmeanslack5Workinpairs.Talkaboutpeople’spersonalqualitiesusingthewordsyouhavelearnt.A:Ithinkmycousinisverybrave.B:Whydoyouthinkso...61.He’ssensitiveandratherserious,whichsometimesmakeshimappeartobealittlebookish.(P18)他敏感而且相當(dāng)嚴(yán)肅，這有時(shí)使他顯得有點(diǎn)兒書生氣。?sensitiveadj.

敏感的，容易生氣的Languagepoints【詞匯拓展】besensitiveto對……敏感besensitiveabout介意，在乎ahighlysensitiveelectroniccamera高度靈敏的電子攝像機(jī)以-tive結(jié)尾的形容詞：attractiveadj. 有吸引力的creativeadj. 有創(chuàng)造性的negativeadj.消極的，否定的positiveadj. 積極的，肯定的objectiveadj.客觀的subjectiveadj.主觀的2.She’susuallyveryshy,butshe’sgenerousandneverhesitatestohelp.(P18)

她通常很害羞，但很慷慨，幫助別人從不猶豫。?generousadj.慷慨的，大方的【詞匯拓展】begenerouswithsth不吝惜某物begeneroustosb對某人慷慨Itisgenerousofsbtodosth某人做某事真是慷慨大方generouslyadv.慷慨地，大方地generosityn.慷慨，大方generous常與of連用構(gòu)成不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：Itisgenerousofsbtodosth，可用于這一句型的表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞還有：friendly,silly,clever,foolish,kind,wise等。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空1.Thesevolunteersareverygenerous________theoldmen.2.Thegraduateisverygenerous________histimeinhelpingothers.3.Itisgenerousofyou________(lend)yourportablecomputertome.4.Thankyouforcontributing___________(generous)tothescholarshipfund.5.Heacceptedhisapologywithgreat_______