新教材2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)晨背系列一先填后背詞形轉(zhuǎn)換-攻克語(yǔ)法填空必備2024年高考可能考到的詞形轉(zhuǎn)換

2024年高考可能考到的詞形轉(zhuǎn)換一、名詞后綴(一)一不留神就會(huì)寫錯(cuò)的名詞eq\a\vs4\al([題組一])1．generous→generosity慷慨2．recognize→recognition認(rèn)可3．explain→explanation說明，解釋4．consume→consumption消費(fèi)；消耗5．a(chǎn)ssume→assumption假定；設(shè)想6．describe→description描述，描寫7．pronounce→pronunciation發(fā)音；讀法8．compete→competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；比賽9．qualify→qualification資格10．tend→tendency傾向11．choose→choice選擇12．vary→variety種類13．behave→behaviour行為14．respond→response回應(yīng)15．relieve→relief寬慰；減輕eq\a\vs4\al([題組二])1．produce→production生產(chǎn)2．reduce→reduction減少3．a(chǎn)pplaud→applause鼓掌4．emphasize→emphasis強(qiáng)調(diào)5．lose→loss失去6．succeed→success成功7．laugh→laughter笑8．complain→complaint抱怨9．compare→comparison比較10．serve→service服務(wù)11．a(chǎn)pologize→apology道歉12．a(chǎn)nxious→anxiety焦慮13．various→variety多樣性14．solve→solution解決15．introduce→introduction介紹16．weigh→weight重量17．intend→intention計(jì)劃，目的(二)動(dòng)詞變名詞的后綴1)后綴-menta.直接加-ment1．equip裝備→equipment裝備2．govern管理→government政府3．punish懲罰→punishment懲罰4．develop→development發(fā)展5．employ→employment雇用6．treat→treatment對(duì)待；治療7．entertain→entertainment款待；娛樂8．a(chǎn)ssess→assessment評(píng)估9．a(chǎn)stonish→astonishment吃驚10．a(chǎn)djust→adjustment調(diào)整11．disappoint→disappointment失望b.以e結(jié)尾的不去e，直接加-ment1．a(chǎn)maze→amazement驚奇2．a(chǎn)chieve→achievement功績(jī)；成就3．a(chǎn)dvertise→advertisement廣告4．a(chǎn)rrange→arrangement安排5．require→requirement要求6．a(chǎn)nnounce→announcement通告7．encourage→encouragement鼓舞8．involve→involvement參與9．move→movement移動(dòng)10．retire→retirement退休11．settle→settlement定居；定居處12．state→statement闡述；陳述[注意]下面單詞為例外：1．a(chǎn)rgue→argument辯論；論據(jù)2．judge→judg(e)ment意見；判斷力2)后綴-ioneq\a\vs4\al([題組一])1．a(chǎn)ttract→attraction吸引2．construct→construction建設(shè)3．educate→education教育4．graduate→graduation畢業(yè)5．interrupt→interruption打斷6．decorate→decoration裝飾7．communicate→communication交流8．indicate→indication象征；跡象9．participate→participation參加10．calculate→calculation計(jì)算11．a(chǎn)ppreciate→appreciation欣賞；感激12．a(chǎn)ssociate→association聯(lián)想；協(xié)會(huì)13．separate→separation分離14．congratulate→congratulation祝賀15．a(chǎn)ccumulate→accumulation積累16．a(chǎn)ccommodate為……提供住宿→accommodation住宿17．correct糾正→correction批改，修改18．express表達(dá)→expression表達(dá)；表情19．impress給……深刻印象→impression印象20．possess占有→possession具有，擁有；(pl.)個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)eq\a\vs4\al([題組二])1．a(chǎn)ccelerate→acceleration加速2．donate→donation捐贈(zèng)3．motivate→motivation動(dòng)力4．concentrate→concentration集中5．frustrate→frustration沮喪6．contribute→contribution貢獻(xiàn)7．distribute→distribution分發(fā)8．promote→promotion促進(jìn)9．devote→devotion投入10．instruct→instruction教導(dǎo)11．react→reaction反應(yīng)12．hesitate→hesitation猶豫13．discuss→discussion討論14．inspect→inspection檢查，視察15．operate→operation操作16．elect→election選舉17．reflect→reflection反映，思考18．exhibit→exhibition展覽，展出19．pollute→pollution污染3)后綴-ationeq\a\vs4\al([題組一])1．expect→expectation期待；期望2．consider→consideration考慮3．imagine→imagination想象力4．starve→starvation挨餓5．occupy→occupation工作，職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)6．invite→invitation邀請(qǐng)7．a(chǎn)dmire→admiration欽佩；羨慕；欣賞8．a(chǎn)dapt→adaptation適應(yīng)；改編本9．prepare→preparation準(zhǔn)備10．preserve→preservation保存11．conserve→conservation保護(hù)12．observe→observation觀察13．organize→organization組織14．civilize→civilization文明eq\a\vs4\al([題組二])1．realize→realization認(rèn)識(shí)2．examine→examination考試3．determine→determination決定4．transport→transportation運(yùn)輸5．tempt→temptation誘惑6．declare→declaration宣布7．inspire→inspiration激發(fā)；靈感8．relax→relaxation放松；休閑9．recommend→recommendation推薦10．interpret→interpretation解釋，說明11．reserve→reservation預(yù)定，預(yù)約12．confirm→confirmation確認(rèn)4)后綴-(s)sion規(guī)則：-de/d/t→(s)sion1．conclude→conclusion結(jié)論2．decide→decision決定3．divide→division分配4．explode→explosion爆炸5．extend→extension擴(kuò)大，延伸6．expand→expansion擴(kuò)張7．a(chǎn)dmit→admission承認(rèn)；準(zhǔn)許入學(xué)8．permit→permission許可9．emit→emission排放5)后綴-ance1．a(chǎn)ppear→appearance出現(xiàn)；外貌2．guide→guidance指引；指導(dǎo)3．perform→performance表演；節(jié)目4．enter→entrance進(jìn)入5．a(chǎn)ssist→assistance幫助，援助6．a(chǎn)ccept→acceptance接受7．resist→resistance抵制8．tolerate→tolerance容忍9．a(chǎn)nnoy→annoyance生氣，煩惱10．resist→resistance反抗6)后綴-ence1．exist→existence存在；生存2．prefer→preference偏愛3．refer→reference參考；查閱4．differ→difference不同5．occur→occurrence發(fā)生7)后綴-al1．a(chǎn)pprove→approval贊成；批準(zhǔn)2．a(chǎn)rrive→arrival到來；到達(dá)3．survive→survival幸存4．propose→proposal提議；建議5．refuse→refusal拒絕6．sign→signal信號(hào)8)后綴-ure/-ture1．press→pressure壓力2．mix→mixture混合；混合物3．fail→failure失敗4．please→pleasure愉快5．expose→exposure暴露9)后綴-y1．discover→discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)2．deliver→delivery遞送3．recover→recovery恢復(fù)；痊愈4．injure→injury傷害；傷處5．sympathize→sympathy同情10)后綴-age1．marry→marriage婚姻2．pack→package包裹3．store→storage儲(chǔ)存4．pass→passage段落；通道[注意]形容詞＋-ageshort→shortage不足；短缺11)后綴-ing1．end→ending結(jié)尾，結(jié)局2．feel→feeling感覺3．greet→greeting問候4．warn→warning警示5．cook→cooking烹飪6．train→training培訓(xùn)7．garden→gardening園藝活8．market→marketing營(yíng)銷(三)形容詞變名詞的后綴1)后綴-y1．difficult→difficulty困難2．honest→honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)3．modest→modesty謙虛4．brave→bravery勇敢2)后綴-nessa.直接加-ness1．rich→richness豐富2．damp→dampness潮濕；濕氣3．complete→completeness完整；完全4．tired→tiredness疲勞；疲倦5．conscious→consciousness意識(shí)6．careless→carelessness粗心大意7．dark→darkness黑暗8．eager→eagerness渴望9．helpless→helplessness無助10．kind→kindness仁慈；好意11．quiet→quietness安靜12．sad→sadness傷心13．weak→weakness虛弱；弱點(diǎn)14．fit→fitness健康；適合15．careful→carefulness細(xì)心16．willing→willingness樂意，意愿17．shy→shyness羞怯18．sick→sickness疾病19．bitter→bitterness苦難b.以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i再加-ness1．happy→happiness幸福2．lazy→laziness怠惰；無精打采3．lonely→loneliness孤獨(dú)4．crazy→craziness瘋狂5．busy→business商業(yè)；生意6．friendly→friendliness友好3)后綴-th1．strong→strength力氣；強(qiáng)項(xiàng)2．warm→warmth溫暖；熱情3．young→youth年輕人4．dead→death死亡5．true→truth真實(shí)6．wide→width寬度7．deep→depth深度8．long→length長(zhǎng)度[注意]動(dòng)詞＋-thgrow→growth成長(zhǎng)4)后綴-ce-ant→-ance或者-ent→-ence1．a(chǎn)bsent→absence缺席2．present→presence出席3．confident→confidence自信心4．different→difference不同5．excellent→excellence優(yōu)秀6．patient→patience耐心7．silent→silence沉默8．important→importance重要性9．significant→significance重要性10．convenient→convenience方便11．indifferent→indifference漠不關(guān)心12．diligent→diligence勤奮13．violent→violence暴力14．distant→distance遠(yuǎn)處；距離15．independent→independence獨(dú)立16．innocent→innocence天真；無辜17．intelligent→intelligence智力5)后綴-dom1．free→freedom自由；自主2．wise→wisdom明智；智慧[注意]有些“名詞＋-dom”表示“領(lǐng)域，界”1．king→kingdom王國(guó)；領(lǐng)域2．film→filmdom電影界6)后綴-ty1．certain→certainty必然的事2．cruel→cruelty殘酷；殘暴3．safe→safety安全4．loyal→loyalty忠誠(chéng)7)后綴-ity1．a(chǎn)ctive→activity活動(dòng)2．real→reality現(xiàn)實(shí)3．a(chǎn)ble→ability能力4．disable→disability無能；殘疾5．capable→capability能力6．equal→equality平等7．responsible→responsibility責(zé)任8．possible→possibility可能性9．probable→probability可能性10．stable→stability穩(wěn)定性11．reliable→reliability可靠性12．popular→popularity流行13．familiar→familiarity熟悉14．sincere→sincerity真誠(chéng)15．secure→security安全16．minor→minority少數(shù)17．major→majority多數(shù)18．necessary→necessity必要性8)后綴-cy規(guī)則：-t/-te→-cy1．a(chǎn)ccurate→accuracy準(zhǔn)確性2．efficient→efficiency效率；功效3．fluent→fluency流利；流暢4．frequent→frequency頻繁5．private→privacy隱私；私密6．urgent→urgency緊急(四)表示“人”的名詞后綴在某些形容詞、名詞或動(dòng)詞后面加后綴變成具有某種職業(yè)或動(dòng)作的人。常見的表示“人”的后綴有：1)后綴-er1．a(chǎn)dvise→adviser顧問2．clean→cleaner清潔工3．examine→examiner主考人；監(jiān)考員4．observe→observer觀察者5．report→reporter記者6．research→researcher研究者7．strange→stranger陌生人8．perform→performer表演者9．law→lawyer律師10．begin→beginner初學(xué)者，生手11．run→runner跑步的人12．win→winner獲勝者13．design→designer設(shè)計(jì)師14．suffer→sufferer患病者15．support→supporter支持者16．discover→discoverer發(fā)現(xiàn)者17．work→worker工人2)后綴-or1．invent→inventor發(fā)明者2．visit→visitor游客3．direct→director導(dǎo)演4．operate→operator經(jīng)營(yíng)者；操作員5．sail→sailor海員6．conduct→conductor售票員；指揮7．compete→competitor參賽者8．instruct→instructor指導(dǎo)者9．survive→survivor幸存者10．translate→translator翻譯家3)后綴-ee1．employ→employee雇員2．interview→interviewee參加面試者3．train→trainee受訓(xùn)者；實(shí)習(xí)生4．escape→escapee逃亡者4)后綴-ian1．music→musician音樂家2．politics→politician政治家3．history→historian歷史學(xué)家4．library→librarian圖書管理員5)后綴-ist1．a(chǎn)rt→artist藝術(shù)家2．science→scientist科學(xué)家3．piano→pianist鋼琴家4．novel→novelist小說家5．special→specialist專家6．cycle→cyclist騎自行車的人7．chemistry→chemist化學(xué)家6)后綴-ant1．serve→servant仆人2．participate→participant參加者3．a(chǎn)ssist→assistant助手；售貨員4．a(chǎn)pply→applicant申請(qǐng)人[注意]有些-er/-or結(jié)尾的單詞不表示人，而是表示物。1．contain→container容器2．cook→cooker炊具3．draw→drawer抽屜4．dry→drier干燥劑；干燥機(jī)5．sharpen→sharpener鉛筆刀6．shave→shaver電動(dòng)剃須刀7．laugh→laughter笑聲8．calculate→calculator計(jì)算器9．tract→tractor拖拉機(jī)二、形容詞后綴1)后綴-ablea.能……的；可……的1．rely→reliable可信賴的；可依靠的2．a(chǎn)ccept→acceptable可接受的3．a(chǎn)dapt→adaptable能適應(yīng)的4．a(chǎn)dmire→admirable可欽佩的5．a(chǎn)djust→adjustable可調(diào)節(jié)的6．a(chǎn)fford→affordable負(fù)擔(dān)得起的7．renew→renewable可更新的8．control→controllable可控制的9．detect→detectable可發(fā)現(xiàn)的10．bear→bearable可忍受的b.具有……的特點(diǎn)1．enjoy→enjoyable令人愉快的2．suit→suitable合適的3．comfort→comfortable舒適的4．fashion→fashionable時(shí)髦的5．reason→reasonable合理的6．value→valuable有價(jià)值的7．knowledge→knowledgeable博學(xué)的8．change→changeable多變的9．a(chǎn)gree→agreeable愉悅的10．favor→favorable有利的2)后綴-ible1．horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的2．terror→terrible可怕的；糟糕的3．vision→visible看得見的4．a(chǎn)ccess→accessible易得到的；易使用的3)后綴-ful/-lesseq\a\vs4\al([題組一])1．cheer→cheerful興高采烈的2．forget→forgetful健忘的3．thought→thoughtful周到的；深思的4．peace→peaceful和平的5．success→successful成功的6．color→colorful多彩的7．plenty→plentiful充足的8．regret→regretful后悔的9．faith→faithful忠實(shí)的10．hope→hopeful有希望的eq\a\vs4\al([題組二])1．thank→thankful感激的2．gratitude→grateful感激的3．joy→joyful高興的4．end→endless無休止的5．home→homeless無家可歸的6．a(chǎn)im→aimless無目標(biāo)的7．wire→wireless無線的8．limit→limitless無限的9．price→priceless珍貴的；無價(jià)的10．speech→speechless無語(yǔ)的eq\a\vs4\al([題組三])1．breath→breathless上氣不接下氣的2．value/worth→valueless/worthless無價(jià)值的3．harm→harmful有害的→harmless無害的；無惡意的4．help→helpful有幫助的→helpless無助的；無能的5．hope→hopeful有希望的→hopeless絕望的6．use→useful有用的→useless無用的；無效的7．power→powerful強(qiáng)有力的→powerless無力的8．meaning→meaningful有意義的→meaningless無意義的9．care→careful小心的→careless粗心的10．fruit→fruitful成果豐碩的→fruitless無成效的4)后綴-ive1．a(chǎn)ct→active積極的；活躍的2．a(chǎn)ttract→attractive有吸引力的3．impress→impressive給人深刻印象的4．instruct→instructive有教育意義的5．create→creative創(chuàng)造性的6．talk→talkative健談的7．effect→effective有效的8．produce→productive多產(chǎn)的9．relate→relative相關(guān)的10．compete→competitive有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的5)后綴-ous/-iouseq\a\vs4\al([題組一])1．continue→continuous不斷的；持續(xù)的2．danger→dangerous危險(xiǎn)的3．humor→humorous幽默的4．mountain→mountainous多山的5．poison→poisonous有毒的6．religion→religious宗教的7．a(chǎn)dventure→adventurous冒險(xiǎn)的8．generosity→generous慷慨的9．nerve→nervous緊張的10．disaster→disastrous災(zāi)難性的eq\a\vs4\al([題組二])1．a(chǎn)nxiety→anxious憂慮的2．caution→cautious十分小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的3．curiosity→curious好奇的4．suspicion→suspicious可疑的5．nutrition→nutritious營(yíng)養(yǎng)的6．envy→envious忌妒的7．space→spacious寬敞的8．a(chǎn)mbition→ambitious有抱負(fù)的9．mystery→mysterious神秘的6)后綴-yeq\a\vs4\al([題組一])1．taste→tasty美味的；可口的2．luck→lucky幸運(yùn)的3．health→healthy健康的4．dirt→dirty臟的5．greed→greedy貪婪的6．wealth→wealthy富裕的；豐富的7．a(chǎn)nger→angry生氣的8．hunger→hungry餓的9．guilt→guilty內(nèi)疚的10．fog→foggy多霧的eq\a\vs4\al([題組二])1．cloud→cloudy多云的2．wind→windy多風(fēng)的3．rain→rainy多雨的4．snow→snowy多雪的5．sun→sunny陽(yáng)光充足的6．salt→salty咸的7．sleep→sleepy昏昏欲睡的8．noise→noisy嘈雜的；喧鬧的9．thirst→thirsty口渴的7)后綴-aleq\a\vs4\al([題組一])1．culture→cultural文化的2．a(chǎn)griculture→agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的3．practice→practical實(shí)際的4．music→musical音樂的5．origin→original最初的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的6．person→personal個(gè)人的；私人的7．center→central中央的；中心的8．nature→natural自然的；天生的9．tradition→traditional傳統(tǒng)的10．option→optional可選擇的；選修的eq\a\vs4\al([題組二])1．profession→professional專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的2．a(chǎn)ddition→additional附加的；額外的3．class→classical經(jīng)典的4．nation→national國(guó)家的5．education→educational有教育意義的6．region→regional地區(qū)的7．grammar→grammatical語(yǔ)法的8．globe→global全球的9．season→seasonal季節(jié)性的10．condition→conditional條件的8)后綴-ial1．benefit→beneficial有益的2．face→facial面部的3．industry→industrial工業(yè)的4．finance→financial金融的5．race→racial種族的6．commerce→commercial商業(yè)的9)后綴-ic1．science→scientific科學(xué)的2．economy→economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的3．history→historic歷史上著名的4．class→classic古典的；傳統(tǒng)的5．system→systematic系統(tǒng)的6．drama→dramatic戲劇的7．romance→romantic浪漫的8．sympathy→sympathetic有同情心的9．energy→energetic精力充沛的10)后綴-en1．wood→wooden木制的2．gold→golden金色的3．wool→wool(l)en羊毛的11)后綴-ly1．friend→friendly友好的2．dead→deadly致命的3．live→lively活躍的4．year→yearly每年的5．month→monthly每月的6．week→weekly每周的7．day→daily每日的；日常的8．order→orderly有秩序的12)后綴-ed1．balance→balanced平衡的2．spot→spotted有斑點(diǎn)的3．gift→gifted有天賦的4．talent→talented有天賦的5．crowd→crowded擁擠的13)后綴-some1．hand→handsome英俊的2．a(chǎn)we→awesome敬畏的3．trouble→troublesome令人煩惱的4．tire→tiresome討厭的5．quarrel→quarrelsome愛吵架的三、副詞后綴1)形容詞詞尾直接加-ly1．hopeful→hopefully有希望地2．bright→brightly明亮地3．casual→casually隨意地4．correct→correctly正確地5．general→generally普遍地6．particular→particularly尤其地7．proper→properly恰當(dāng)?shù)?．main→mainly主要地9．normal→normally正常地10．real→really真正地11．rapid→rapidly快速地12．part→partly部分地2)以“輔音字母＋-y”結(jié)尾的，要變y為i，再加-ly1．happy→happily高興地2．busy→busily繁忙地3．a(chǎn)ngry→angrily生氣地4．easy→easily容易地5．heavy→heavily很大程度上6．healthy→healthily健康地7．noisy→noisily吵鬧地8．lucky→luckily幸運(yùn)地3)大部分以e結(jié)尾的形容詞不去e，直接加-ly1．immediate→immediately立刻地2．fortunate→fortunately幸運(yùn)地3．wide→widely廣泛地4．a(chǎn)bsolute→absolutely絕對(duì)地；完全地5．polite→politely有禮貌地；客氣地6．huge→hugely很；非常7．expensive→expensively昂貴地8．sincere→sincerely真誠(chéng)地9．extreme→extremely極度，非常[注意]去e加-ly1．true→truly真正地2．whole→wholly完全地4)以-le結(jié)尾的形容詞去e加-y1．simple→simply簡(jiǎn)單地；僅僅2．gentle→gently輕輕地；溫柔地3．terrible→terribly非常地；可怕地；極度地4．possible→possibly可能地；也許5．probable→probably大概；或許6．comfortable→comfortably舒服地；安樂地5)以-ic結(jié)尾的形容詞加-ally1．specific→specifically特別地；明確地2．basic→basically主要地；基本上3．scientific→scientifically系統(tǒng)地；合乎科學(xué)地4．a(chǎn)cademic→academically學(xué)術(shù)上；學(xué)業(yè)上5．historic→historically關(guān)于歷史事件，從歷史觀點(diǎn)上說6．classic→classically古典主義地7．enthusiastic→enthusiastically熱情地8．economic→economically經(jīng)濟(jì)地9．a(chǎn)utomatic→automatically自動(dòng)地10．energetic→energetic