重慶市西南大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期11月模擬檢測(cè)英語

2024屆高三11月模擬測(cè)試英語試題注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whywasthemanlateforwork?A.Hewasstuckintraffic,B.Hehadatrafficaccident.C.Hiscarbrokedownontheroad.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Gettingtoworkinthemorningseemstotakelongereachday.Iwaslateagainthismorning.W:Areyoustilldrivingin?M:Yes.Thetrafficwassobadinthemorning.It’sjustonetrafficjamafteranotherontheroad.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Peru. B.Britain. C.Mexico.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HaveyounoticedthatpeoplehereinMexicostandveryclosetogether?M:Yes.It’sthesameinPerutoo.W:It’stheoppositeinBritain.Iwasalittleuncomfortablehereatfirst.Butafterafewdays,I’mgellingusedtoit.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Placinganorder.B.Complainingaboutanitem.C.Inquiringaboutadeliveryservice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,IorderedabookfromJustinLewislastweek.Iwaswonderingifithascomeinyet.MynameisPeterSchneider.W:Letmecheckitforyou,Mr.Schneider.Yes,thebookhasarrivedthismorningandshouldbereadyforyoutopickupthisafternoon.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatdoweknowaboutJim?A.Hehasaleginjury.B.Hewithdrewfromthefootballteam.C.Hespenthisholidaywithhisteammates.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HaveyouseenJimsinceithappened?M:Yes.Hewashopingtospendhisholidaytouringwithhisfootballteambuthehadtopullout.W:Whenwillhebeabletoplayagain?M:Ittakesmonthsforabrokenlegtorecoverfully.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhomightLilybe?A.Thewoman’sbabysitter. B.Thewoman’sboss. C.Thewoman’schild.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:IwishIhadmoretimetospendwithLily.Shehastogotoababysittereverymorning.M:It’stoughwhenyouworksomuch.W:Well,sometimesIhavetoaskmybossforaleavelolookafterher.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答吋間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenitstartedraining?A.Shewaswalkinghome. B.Shewasplayingfootball, C.Shewaschattingwithafriend.7.Whatdidthewomanfailtodo?A.Findashelter B.Contacthermom, C.Seethelightning.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Didyouseethatthunderstormyesterdayafternoon?Thelightningwasamazing.W:Iwaswalkinghomefromfootballpracticewhentherainstarted.M:Itwasreallyheavy.W:Yeah.WhenitbeganI’djustleftthesportscenter,soIwasabletogobackandtakecoverinside.IcalledmymumtosayI’dbehomelate.Anyway,Imetafriendwhowasstilltheresowejustchattedandwaitedtillitwasover.ShameImissedseeingthelightningthough.Iheardiiwasveryimpressive.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?AInthemorning. B.Atnoon. C.Intheafternoon.9.Whydoesn’tthemangototheconferenceroomnow?A.Heneedstomeettheclients.B.Heisworkingonanothertask.C.Hehascheckedtheheaterbefore.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Oh,Jeremy,thereyouare.HaveyouhadachancetocheckouttheproblemImentionedyesterday?Ithinkthere’sanissuewiththeheaterintheconferenceroom.M:Ah...notyet.I’vebeensettingupthenewworkspacesforthepart-timeworkerswerecentlyhired.W:I’mplanningtohostourvisitingclientsinthatroomthisafternoon,soI’llchangethelocationifit’sstillcoldinthere.M:OK,I’llgettotheconferenceroomassoonasIfinish.W:Great.Andletmeknowifitcan’tbefixedbynoon.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Borrowingatent. B.Packingatent. C.Returningatent.11.Whatisthewoman’smotivationforclimbing?A.Tohavefun. B.Toimproveherfitness. C.Togetclosetonature.12.Wherewillthespeakersdorockclimbingtogether?A.Atagym. B.Inthewild C.Ataclimbingcenter.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Thanksforlettingmeborrowthelent,Sam.M:Noproblem,Tara.Iwasworriedit’dbetoosmall.W:Itwasalittletightbutwemanaged.We’llhavetogetabigonefornexttime.Anyway,itwasagreatcampingtrip!M:Areyougoingagainsoon?W:No,we’repracticingourrockclimbingforalittlewhiletogetintoshape.M:It’sgreatforbuildingstrength!MeandShellydoiiattheclimbingcenterjustoutoftown.It’sfunsolvingthepuzzleofhowtogetup,andexcitingtoo!W:Truethat!Mygymhasapracticewallbutwe’dliketodoitinthewildoneday!M:IhaveaguideIcanrecommend.He’lltakeyoutothebestclimbingspotandithasalltheequipmenttoo!W:Great!Doyouwanttopracticetogether?M:Sure,I’mgoingwithShellyat6pmtonight.W:Excellent.I’llmeetyouatthecenterthen!聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whathappenedtothewomanatthebeginning?A.Shelostherphone.B.Shecouldn’tfindtheway.C.Shewastrappedinheavysnow.14.Whydidthewomanturnofftheengine?A.Thecarwasrunningoutofgas.B.Shestoppedtoansweracall.C.Theenginecouldn’tworkproperly.15.Howdidthewomankeepwarm?A.Bydrinkinghottea. B.Byusingthecarheater. C.Byhavingmoreclotheson.16.Whatdidtheemergencyservicesdo?A.Theycalledanambulance.B.Theyledthewomantoherhome.C.Theyhelpedthewomangotothemainroad.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.C【解析】【原文】M:SoOlivia,tellushowthathappened.W:Well,whenIwasdrivinginthemountainroad,Itookawrongturningandgotcompletelylost.M:Wasthatfrightening?W:Yeah.WhileIwastryingtodecidehowtogetbacktothemainroad,someheavysnowstartedcomingdown.M:Iwasquitecertainitwouldn’tlastlong.ItwasMarchinItaly.W:Iwasn’tworriedatfirst,butIdidn’thavemuchpetrolleftsoIswitchedofftheengine.Itriedtophoneforhelpbutcouldn’tgetthrough.M:Howdidyoustaywarm?Withthecarheater?W:ThatmeanthavingtheengineonsoIonlyuseditabit.InsteadIgotallofmyjumpersandtrousersfrommysuitcasesandworethemallnight.Iwasstillfrozen,though,andwishedIhadsomecoffeeorteawithme.M:Soyouspentthewholenightinsidethecar?W:Yes.Imanagedtocontacttheemergencyservicesfinally.Theyknewmylocationfrommyphonesignal.They’dcalledtoaskifIneededanambulanceandluckilyIdidn’tneedit,sotheyjustclearedthesnowandledmealongtheroadbacktothemainroad.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whichrequirementisfirstmentioned?A.Theagelimit. B.Policerecords. C.References.18.Whocanbeareferencefortheapplicants?A.Policeofficers. B.Theirformerbosses. C.Theirrelatives.19.Whatshouldthereferencebeabout?A.Workperformance. B.Workhabits. C.Workexperience.20.Whatwillbeatthevolunteers1ownexpense?A.Dinners. B.Phonecalls. C.Transportation.【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M:Continuingourbroadcastofpublicserviceannouncements,WorldwideHelpersannouncesupcomingopeningsforanumberofvolunteerworkerpositions.Allapplicantsmustmeetthefollowingrequirements.Firstofall,applicantsmustbeover18yearsofage.Thecompanyapologizes,buttherecanbenoexceptionstothisrule.Second,peopleinterestedinthesepositionsmaynothavepolicerecords.Aparkingticketandthingslikethatare,ofcourse,noproblem.Theemployerwill,ofcourse,checkwiththepolicetoconfirmyourcleanrecord.Inaddition,applicantsmustsupplyreferencesfrompastorpresentemployersorteachersalongwiththeirrecentCV.Thesereferencesmustberelevanttotheapplicant’sworkhabits.Remember,thesearereferencesfromemployersorteachers.AnotefromyourdearoldMumwon’tdo.WorldwideHelpersassuresmethattheywillcontactthesereferencestoconfirmtheyaregenuine.Althoughallpositionsarevolunteers,theemployerwillcoversomeofyourexpenses.Forexample,theywillpayfortransportationtoandfromthejobsite.Asidefromthat,thecostofphonecallsiscovered.ButI’msorrytosaythatyouhavetohavedinneratyourownhome.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYellowstoneTourOnMarch1,1872,Yellowstonebecamethefirstnationalparkforalltoenjoytheuniquegeologicfeatures.WithinYellowstone’s2.2millionacres,visitorshavewonderfulopportunitiestoobservewildlifeinawell-preservedecosystemandviewgeologicwondersliketheGrandCanyon(峽谷)oftheYellowstoneRiver.TourFeatures●Budgettour(低預(yù)算旅行)Thisbudgettourusestentedcamps.●PrivatetourThistourwillbeorganizedspeciallyforyouandwon’tbesharedwithothers.●CanstartanydayIfavailabilitypermits,thistourcanstartonanyday.Thistouracceptschildrenofallages.Childrenunder3arefree.RatesPerPersonStartdatesSolo1room2+peopleSharingroomsJan1,2023-Dec31,2023$1,260$860Jan1,2024-Dec31,2024$1,160$760●Ratesareperpersonandexclude(排除)theinternationalflightfrom/toyourhomecountry.21.HowmuchwillacouplepayatleastinSeptember2024?A.$860. B.$1160. C.$1520. D.$1720.22.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetourfromthetext?A.startsonspecificandfixeddays.B.Itonlyacceptstouristsabove3yearsold.CItisaluxurytourwithfancyaccommodation.D.Itissuitableforviewingwildlifeandeco-system.23.Wheremightthetextbetakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Adairyentry.C.Ageographytextbook. D.Aresearchpaper.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了黃石國(guó)家公園旅游信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RatesPerPerson(人均費(fèi)用)部分表格中信息可知，在2024年1月1日到2024年12月31日期間的2人以上共用房間是760美元每人，所以，在2024年9月，一對(duì)夫婦兩人至少要付：760*2=1520美元。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WithinYellowstone’s2.2millionacres,visitorshavewonderfulopportunitiestoobservewildlifeinawell-preservedecosystemandviewgeologicwondersliketheGrandCanyon(峽谷)oftheYellowstoneRiver.(在黃石公園220萬英畝的土地上，游客們有絕佳的機(jī)會(huì)在保存完好的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中觀察野生動(dòng)物，并欣賞黃石河大峽谷等地質(zhì)奇觀。)”可知，黃石國(guó)家公園旅游適合觀賞野生動(dòng)物和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“YellowstoneTour(黃石公園之旅)”和文中“TourFeatures(旅游特色)”和“RatesPerPerson(人均費(fèi)用)”可推知，本文可能出自一本介紹了黃石國(guó)家公園旅游信息的旅游手冊(cè)。故選A項(xiàng)。BWhenIfirstheardaboutSummitLearning,IadmittedIwasnotabithappyandexcitedatall.Ithoughtitwouldrequireinteractionswithothers.Butlater,IwasastonishedwhenIgottoexperienceitfirsthand.Recently,wedidapoetryproject,andoneoftheactivitieswasapeer(同伴)review.Iwouldneverhavetakenpartifitwasuptome,asIpreferredtoworkindependently.ButwhenIgotinvolved,Ifoundintheexperience,IhaddonesomethingthatIthoughtwasnearlyimpossible—itmademypoetrybetter.MypartnerinformedmeofmymistakesandtoldmewhereIcouldgivemoredetail.Oneofourfinalproductsoftheprojectwastopresentourpoetrytotheclass.I’vealwayslovedpublicspeakingbutIthoughtwithSummitLearning,Iwouldhavefewerchancestospeak.Iwaswrong.Thepeeractivitieswedidwithapartnergavememorebeliefinmyabilityandinspiredmetodomoretomakemypresentationthebestitcouldpossiblybe.InteractionslikethesearewhatSummitLearningisallabout.Thisstyleoflearningbringsapositiveandhard-workingculturethatallowsustopushourboundariesandkeepgoingItcreatesasenseofcommunitysinceweareallworkingtowardsasimilargoal.Asanactiveboy,Ihavealwaysbeenaheadandadvanced,butinanormalclassroom,therearerestrictionsonwhatIcando.WithSummitLearning,IcangobeyondexpectationsinprojectsormoveaheadinlearningnewcontentwhenI’mready.Ihaveownershipofmyworkandpursuemygoals.SummitLearninghasshowedmehowmuchpeoplecangrowandchange.Ithashelpedmeseepeopleandmyselfdifferently.Ithasbeenoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife,andIcannotseemyselfgoingbacktoanormalclassroom.24.Whatwastheauthor’sinitialresponsetoSummitLearning?A.Hewasastonishedtohearaboutit. B.Hewasabitexcitedaboutit.C.Hewasunwillingtoattendit. D.Hewascuriousabouthowitworked.25.Howdidtheauthorbenefitfromthepoetryproject?A.Itremindedhimtobeindependent. B.Itimprovedhispoemandconfidence..C.Itraisedhimasenseofresponsibility. D.Itallowedhimtodeliverapublicspeech.26.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSummitLearning?A.Ithasrestrictionsonwhatonecando.B.Itshowsboundariesofone’sabilities.C.Itteachespoetryinanormalclassroom.D.Ittransformsthetraditionalwayoflearning.27.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofSummitLearningnow?A.Inspiring. B.Enjoyable. C.Challeng?ng. D.Conservative.【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者參加SummitLearning課程的經(jīng)歷和感受?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“WhenIfirstheardaboutSummitLearning,IadmittedIwasnotabithappyandexcitedatall.(當(dāng)我第一次聽說SummitLearning的時(shí)候，我承認(rèn)我一點(diǎn)也不高興和興奮)”和第二段的“Iwouldneverhavetakenpartifitwasuptome,asIpreferredtoworkindependently.(如果由我來決定，我絕不會(huì)參加，因?yàn)槲腋矚g獨(dú)立工作)”可知，作者對(duì)SummitLearning的第一反應(yīng)是不想?yún)⒓?。故選C。25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thepeeractivitieswedidwithapartnergavememorebeliefinmyabilityandinspiredmetodomoretomakemypresentationthebestitcouldpossiblybe.(我們和一個(gè)伙伴一起做的同伴活動(dòng)讓我對(duì)自己的能力更有信心，并激勵(lì)我做更多的事情，使我的演講盡可能最好)”可知，詩歌活動(dòng)提高了作者的詩歌和信心。故選B?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Asanactiveboy,Ihavealwaysbeenaheadandadvanced,butinanormalclassroom,therearerestrictionsonwhatIcando.WithSummitLearning,IcangobeyondexpectationsinprojectsormoveaheadinlearningnewcontentwhenI’mready.Ihaveownershipofmyworkandpursuemygoals.(作為一個(gè)好動(dòng)的男孩，我一直走在前面，不斷進(jìn)步，但是在一個(gè)正常的教室里，我所能做的是有限制的。有了SummitLearning，我可以在項(xiàng)目中超越預(yù)期，或者在我準(zhǔn)備好的時(shí)候繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)新內(nèi)容。我對(duì)自己的工作有主人翁精神，并追求自己的目標(biāo))”推知，SummitLearning轉(zhuǎn)變了學(xué)習(xí)的方式。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“SummitLearninghasshowedmehowmuchpeoplecangrowandchange.Ithashelpedmeseepeopleandmyselfdifferently.Ithasbeenoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife,andIcannotseemyselfgoingbacktoanormalclassroom.(峰會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)向我展示了人可以成長(zhǎng)和改變多少。它幫助我以不同的方式看待別人和自己。這是我一生中最偉大的經(jīng)歷之一，我無法想象自己會(huì)回到正常的教室)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為SummitLearning非常有啟發(fā)意義的。故選A。CMostofuswouldliketobemorecreative,butweassumethereislittlewecandoaboutit.PsychologyprofessorK.AndersEricssonclaimsthatwithenoughpractice,anyofuscanbecomeexperts.However,heisquicktoaddthatthisrequiresaspecifickindofpracticethatEricssoncalls‘deliberatepractice’:thatis,pushingbeyondone’scomfortzoneandsettinggoalsthatareaboveone’scurrentlevelofperformance.Hesayshehasyettofindthelimitsonbeingsuccessfulandhedoesn’tbelievethemtobereal.Ericssonhaslookedprimarilyatartisticandathleticskills,butcanthesefindingsapplytocreativity?Mostexpertsagreethatevenifmostpeoplecannothopetobecomecreativegeniuses,theycanlearntobecomemorecreativethroughpractice.Psychologistsclaimthatthereareactuallytwolevelsofcreativity,whichtheyrefertoas’BigC’and‘smallc’.BigCcreativityappliestobreakthroughideas,onesthatmaychangethecourseofafieldorevenhistory.Smallccreativityreferstoeverydaycreativeproblemsolving,likecreatinganewrecipeorimprovingaprocess,whichpsychologistssubdividefurtherintosimilaranddifferentthinking.Similarthinkinginvolvesexaminingallthefactsandarrivingatasinglesolution.Incontrast,differentthinkinginvolvescomingupwithmanypossiblesolutions.Whatmostpeoplethinkofascreativitygenerallyinvolvesdifferentthinkingandcanbetaught,practisedandlearnt.Evenwithpractice,differentthinkingalonecannotmakeonecreative,however.ScottBarryKaufman,acognitivepsychologist,saysthatmostcreativepeopleshareonepersonalityquality:opennesstonewexperience.Sincethisqualityandtheseprocesseshavebeenidentified,lesscreativepeoplecantrytoemulatethem.Normally,wetendtoreproducewhatwealreadyknowbecausecreativeideasmoveusintounfamiliarterritoryinvolvingrisksandfollowingtheusualbehaviorsiscomfortable.Movingoutsideofourcomfortzone,engagingindeliberatepracticeandtoleratingcontradictoryideas,riskandfailureareallthingswecanlearntodobetter.Itisunlikelythatdoingsowilltransformanyofusintocreativegeniuses,butitdoeshavethepotentialtoincreaseourlevelofcreativity.28.WhydoesEricssonthinkhecan’tfindthelimits?A.Norestrictionsexist. B.Practicemakesperfect.C.Eachonecansucceed. D.Thegoalisambitious.29.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof‘smallc’?A.Settlinginouterspace.B.Buildingaplasticdoghouse.C.Developingrobotstolookaftertheold.D.Explainingthetheoryofevolutioninclass.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”inparagraph3mean?A.Justify. B.Limit. C.Copy. D.Assess.31.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Wecanlearntobemorecreative.B.Lifeisfullofvariouschallenges.C.It’sbettertotakedeliberatepractice.D.Mostcanbecomecreativegeniuses.【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是通過練習(xí)，我們可以提高我們的創(chuàng)造力?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hesayshehasyettofindthelimitsonbeingsuccessfulandhedoesn’tbelievethemtobereal.(他說他還沒有找到成功的限制，他不相信這些限制是真的。)”可知，埃里克森認(rèn)為他找不到極限是因?yàn)椴淮嬖谌魏蜗拗?。故選A?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Smallccreativityreferstoeverydaycreativeproblemsolving,likecreatinganewrecipeorimprovingaprocess,whichpsychologistssubdividefurtherintosimilaranddifferentthinking.(小創(chuàng)造力指的是日常創(chuàng)造性地解決問題，比如創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新配方或改進(jìn)一個(gè)過程，心理學(xué)家將其進(jìn)一步細(xì)分為相似和不同的思維。)”可知，建一個(gè)塑料狗窩是“小c”的例子，因?yàn)檫@是創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新東西的過程，故選B?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Normally,wetendtoreproducewhatwealreadyknowbecausecreativeideasmoveusintounfamiliarterritoryinvolvingrisksandfollowingtheusualbehaviorsiscomfortable.(通常情況下，我們傾向于復(fù)制我們已經(jīng)知道的東西，因?yàn)閯?chuàng)造性的想法會(huì)把我們帶入一個(gè)充滿風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的陌生領(lǐng)域，而遵循通常的行為是舒適的。)”可知，劃線詞所在句子的意思是“由于這種品質(zhì)和這些過程已經(jīng)被確定，缺乏創(chuàng)造力的人可以嘗試模仿他們”，劃線詞的意思是“模仿，復(fù)制”，和copy意思相近，故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Movingoutsideofourcomfortzone,engagingindeliberatepracticeandtoleratingcontradictoryideas,riskandfailureareallthingswecanlearntodobetter.Itisunlikelythatdoingsowilltransformanyofusintocreativegeniuses,butitdoeshavethepotentialtoincreaseourlevelofcreativity.(走出我們的舒適區(qū)，進(jìn)行不經(jīng)意的練習(xí)，容忍矛盾的想法，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和失敗，這些都是我們可以學(xué)會(huì)做得更好的事情。這樣做不太可能把我們中的任何一個(gè)人變成有創(chuàng)造力的天才，但它確實(shí)有可能提高我們的創(chuàng)造力水平。)”可知，本文主要講的是通過練習(xí)，我們可以提高我們的創(chuàng)造力，因此本文主要想表達(dá)的是“我們可以學(xué)著更有創(chuàng)造力”。故選A。DAncientbuildersacrosstheworldcreatedstructuresthatarestillstandingtoday,thousandsofyearslater.Yettheconcretethatmakesupmuchofourmodernworldhasalifespanofaround50to100years.Agrowingnumberofscientistshavebeenstudyingmaterialsfromlong-agoeras,hopingtouncoverhowthey’veheldupformillennia.ManyresearchershaveturnedtotheRomansforinspiration.Startingaround200BCE,thearchitectsoftheRomanEmpirewerebuildingimpressiveconcretestructuresthathavestoodthetestoftime.Eveninharbors,whereseawaterhasbeenbatteringstructuresforages,you’llfindconcretebasicallythewayitwaswhenitwaspoured2,000yearsago.MostmodernconcretestartswithPortlandcement,apowdermadebyheatinglimestoneandclaytosuper-hightemperaturesandcrushingthem.Thatcementismixedwithwatertocreateachemicallyreactivepaste.Then,blocksofmateriallikerockandgravelareadded,andthecementpastemixesthemintoaconcretemass.Accordingtorecordsfromancientarchitects,theRomanprocesswassimilar.Theancientbuildersmixedmaterialslikeburntlimestoneandvolcanicsandwithwaterandgravel,creatingchemicalreactionstostickeverythingtogether.Inastudypublishedearlierthisyear,AdmirMasic,acivilandenvironmentalengineer,proposedthatthispowercomesfromblocksoflimethatarescatteredthroughouttheRomanmaterialinsteadofbeingmixedinevenly.ResearchersusedtothinktheseblockswereasignthattheRomansweren’tmixinguptheirmaterialswellenough.Instead,afteranalyzingconcretesamplesfromPrivernum—anancientcityoutsideofRome—thescientistsfoundthattheblockscouldfuelthematerial’s“self-healing”abilities.Whencracksform,waterisabletoflowintotheconcrete,Masicexplained.Thatwateractivatestheleftoverlime,leadingtonewchemicalreactionsthatcanfillinthedamagedsections.Theancientarchitecturessuggestedusingextractsfromlocalchukumandjiotetreesinthelimemix.Whenresearcherstestedouttherecipe,theyfoundtheresultingplasterwasespeciallydurableagainstphysicalandchemicaldamage.Studieshavefoundallkindsofnaturalmaterialsmixedintostructuresfromlongago:fruitextracts,milk,cheesecurd,beer,evendungandurine.ThepastethatholdstogethersomeofChina’smostfamousstructures—includingtheGreatWallandtheForbiddenCity—includestracesofstickyrice.“Someoftheseancientbuildersmighthavejustgottenlucky”,saidCeciliaPesce,amaterialsscientistattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland,“They’dthrowjustaboutanythingintotheirmixes,aslongasitwascheapandavailable.”Today’sbuilderscan’tjustcopytheancientrecipes.EventhoughRomanconcretelastedalongtime,itcouldn’tholdupheavyloads:“Youcouldn’tbuildamodernskyscraperwithRomanconcrete,”Ceciliasaid.“Itwouldcollapse.”Instead,researchersaretryingtotakesomeoftheancientmaterial’sspecialtiesandaddthemintomodernmixes.32.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.LimeblocksinRomanconcreteindicatepoormixingofmaterials.B.AncientRomanconcretestructureshavewitnessedalonghistory.C.ModernbuildersareconfusedabouttheRomanmethodofconstruction.D.Theconcreteusedinmodernstructureshasalifespanofover200years.33.Whatisproposedasapossibleexplanationfortheself-healingabilitiesofRomanconcrete?A.Theuniformmixingoflimeintheconcrete.B.Theuseofextractsfromchukumandjiotetrees.C.Theadditionofwhateverwaswithinreachinthemix.D.Thescatteringofblocksoflimethroughoutthematerial.34.Thepassagementionsthattoday’sbuilderscan’tsimplycopyancientrecipesbecause______.A.ancientrecipeswerenotwell-documentedB.ancientmaterialsweretooexpensiveC.ancientmaterialscouldn’tholdupheavyloadsD.ancientbuildersusedmaterialsthatarenolongeravailable35.Accordingtothepassage,whydosomeresearchersbelieveancientbuildersincludedvariousnaturalmaterialsintheirmixes?A.Toenhancethebeautyofthestructures.B.Tomaketheconstructionprocessmorecost-effective.C.Tocreatestructuresthatwereresistanttochemicaldamage.D.Tofollowancienttraditionswithoutconsideringeffectiveness.【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在幾千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Startingaround200BCE,thearchitectsoftheRomanEmpirewerebuildingimpressiveconcretestructuresthathavestoodthetestoftime.Eveninharbors,whereseawaterhasbeenbatteringstructuresforages,you’llfindconcretebasicallythewayitwaswhenitwaspoured2,000yearsago.(從公元前200年左右開始，羅馬帝國(guó)的建筑師們開始建造令人印象深刻的混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，這些結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)。即使是在海港里，海水沖刷建筑物已經(jīng)有很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，你也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)混凝土基本上還是2000年前澆筑時(shí)的樣子)”可知，古羅馬混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)見證了悠久的歷史。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inastudypublishedearlierthisyear,AdmirMasic,acivilandenvironmentalengineer,proposedthatthispowercomesfromblocksoflimethatarescatteredthroughouttheRomanmaterialinsteadofbeingmixedinevenly.ResearchersusedtothinktheseblockswereasignthattheRomansweren’tmixinguptheirmaterialswellenough.Instead,afteranalyzingconcretesamplesfromPrivernum—anancientcityoutsideofRome—thescientistsfoundthattheblockscouldfuelthematerial’s“self-healing”abilities.Whencracksform,waterisabletoflowintotheconcrete,Masicexplained.Thatwateractivatestheleftoverlime,leadingtonewchemicalreactionsthatcanfillinthedamagedsections.(在今年早些時(shí)候發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究中，土木和環(huán)境工程師AdmirMasic提出，這種能量來自分散在羅馬材料中的石灰塊，而不是均勻混合在一起。研究人員過去認(rèn)為，這些石塊表明羅馬人沒有很好地混合材料。相反，在分析了Privernum——羅馬以外的一個(gè)古老城市——的混凝土樣本后，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些磚塊可以促進(jìn)材料的“自我修復(fù)”能力。Masic解釋說，當(dāng)裂縫形成時(shí)，水就會(huì)流入混凝土中。這些水激活了剩余的石灰，導(dǎo)致新的化學(xué)反應(yīng)，可以填補(bǔ)受損的部分)”可知，遍布材料的石灰塊使得羅馬混凝土具有自我修復(fù)的能力。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“EventhoughRomanconcretelastedalongtime,itcouldn’tholdupheavyloads:“Youcouldn’tbuildamodernskyscraperwithRomanconcrete,”Ceciliasaid.“Itwouldcollapse.”(盡管羅馬混凝土使用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但它無法承受沉重的負(fù)荷:“你無法用羅馬混凝土建造一座現(xiàn)代摩天大樓，”塞西莉亞說?！八鼤?huì)崩潰?！?”可知，今天的建造者不能簡(jiǎn)單地復(fù)制古代的方法，因?yàn)楣糯牟牧喜荒艹惺艹林氐呢?fù)荷。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Someoftheseancientbuildersmighthavejustgottenlucky”,saidCeciliaPesce,amaterialsscientistattheUniversityofSheffieldinEngland,“They’dthrowjustaboutanythingintotheirmixes,aslongasitwascheapandavailable.”(英國(guó)謝菲爾德大學(xué)的材料科學(xué)家CeciliaPesce說：“一些古代建造者可能只是運(yùn)氣好，他們會(huì)把任何東西都扔進(jìn)混合物里，只要便宜、容易買到?！?”可推知，一些研究人員認(rèn)為，古代建筑者在他們的混合物中加入了各種天然材料，以使施工過程更具成本效益。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。24SolarTerms:8thingsyoumaynotknowaboutFrost’sDescentThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.Frost’sDescent(霜降),the18thsolartermoftheyear,beginsthisyearonOct23andendsonNov6.____36____,duringwhichtimetheweatherbecomesmuchcolderthanbeforeandfrostbeginstoappear.HerearefourthingsyoushouldknowaboutFrost’sDescent.Frostyautumn____37____.DuringFrost’sDescent,frostbeginstoappear.ButinthelowerreachesoftheYellowRiverregion,frostfirstappearsinlateOctoberorearlyNovember.AsFrost’sDescentcomes,theworldisfilledwiththeatmosphereoflateautumn.EatingfruitEatingpersimmonsduringFrost’sDescentcanhelppeopleresistthecoldandprotecttheirbones.Inthecountryside,peoplebelievethattheirlipswillcrackiftheydon’teatpersimmonsduringthisperiod.TheappleisonekindofrecommendedfruitduringFrost’sDescent.Applescanmoistenthelungs,quenchone’sthirstandhelpone’sdigestion.____38____.Itcanpromotethesecretionofbodyliquids,clearawayheatandreducesputum.EatingduckIt’sacustomtoeatduckonthefirstdayofFrost’sDescentinsouthFujianprovince.ThereisasayinginFujianwhichgoes,“EvennourishingallyearisnotasgoodasnourishingthehumanbodyonthefirstdayofFrost’sDescent.”____39____.____40____PeopleinareassuchasDaxincountyinGuangxiZhuangautonomousregioncelebratethefirstdayofFrost’sDescent.IntheFrost’sDescentFestival,theZhuangpeopleoffersacrifi