銀行招聘考試綜合知識(習題卷19)

試卷科目：銀行招聘考試綜合知識銀行招聘考試綜合知識(習題卷19)PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber/SECTIONPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages銀行招聘考試綜合知識第1部分：單項選擇題，共65題，每題只有一個正確答案,多選或少選均不得分。[單選題]1.廣義相對論認為，空間一時間本質(zhì)上是物質(zhì)客體的廣延性和持續(xù)性，它本身不是獨立存在的。這一思想由于其革命性和數(shù)學形式上的深奧性，在一段時間里不為科學界所接受。但由于得到越來越多的實驗證實，今天廣義相對論已被公認為研究大尺度時空的理論基礎。這些實驗不包括（）。A)水星近日點的進動B)光譜引力紅移C)光線在引力場中偏轉(zhuǎn)D)大爆炸宇宙模型答案:D解析:在廣義相對論建立之初，愛因斯坦提出了三項實驗檢驗，一是水星近日點的進動，二是光線在引力場中的彎曲，三是光譜線的引力紅移。其中只有水星近日點進動是已經(jīng)確認的事實，其余兩項只是后來才陸續(xù)得到證實。60年代以后，又有人提出觀測雷達回波延遲、引力波等方案。[單選題]2.Shesaidshe?sgonna____themdeadwithherbestdressandmake-up.A)patB)rapC)knockD)kill答案:C解析:本題考查短語辨析。題目意為：她說她要穿上最漂亮的衣服，化上最美麗的妝容，給他們留下深刻的印象。固定搭配knocksomebodydead讓某人印象深刻。A選項?拍?；B選項?敲擊?；D選項?殺死?。不符合題意。[單選題]3.留于以后年度分配的利潤或待分配的利潤是()。A)實收資本B)盈余公積C)資本公積D)未分配利潤答案:D解析:未分配利潤是企業(yè)未作分配的利潤。它在以后年度可繼續(xù)進行分配，在未進行分配之前，屬于所有者權(quán)益的組成部分。從數(shù)量上看，未分配利潤是期初未分配利潤加上本期實現(xiàn)的凈利潤，減去提取的各種盈余公積和分出的利潤后的余額。[單選題]4.企業(yè)在遭受自然災害后，對其受損的財物物資進行的清查，屬于（）。A)局部清查和定期清查B)全面清查和定期清查C)局部清查和不定期清查D)全面清查和不定期清查答案:C解析:[單選題]5.企業(yè)近五年的所有者權(quán)益分別為：2003年為1200．26萬元；2004年為1507．73萬元；2005年為1510．43萬元；2006年為1621．49萬元；2007年為1795．71萬元，則評價該企業(yè)2007年三年資本平均增長率約為（）。A)5%B)6%C)7%D)8%答案:B解析:三年資本平均增長率：2004年到2005年資本增長率=(1510．43-1507．73)／1507．73×100%=0．18%：2005年到2006年資本增長率=(1621．49-1510．43)／1510．43×100%=7．4%：2006年到2007年資本增長率：(1795．71-1621．49)／1621.49×100%=10．7%，則三年資本平均增長率=(0．18%+10．7%+7．4%)／3=6%。[單選題]6.通知放款的活動屬于（）。A)短期拆借市場B)銀行同業(yè)拆借市場C)票據(jù)承兌市場D)票據(jù)貼現(xiàn)市場答案:A解析:通知放款是西方商業(yè)銀行放款的一種形式，是一種無固定期限．可由借貸任何一方隨時通知清償?shù)囊环N放款。通知放款的性質(zhì)屬于短期拆借，對于銀行來說．具有較大的流動性，但不利于借款人有計劃地使用資金。[單選題]7.資料：Childrenbackatschool,nightsslowlystartingtodrawinandtheweathermorechangeable.Theseasonsareturningandafteraneerilycalmsummerforfinancialmarkets,there'sawhiffofuncertaintyintheair.Bondyieldsareupfromtheirlows,andtherelentlessmigrationofglobalcapitaltowardsanyasset,anywhere,withsomeyield,isslowing.Theconcernisthegrowingawarenessofcentralbanks'waningabilitytoboostgrowthwithever-lowerinterestratesandever-biggerpurchasesofassets.Thedebateaboutif,whenandhowslowlytheUSFederalReservewillraiseinterestdragson,butifdownwardpressureonglobalbondyieldsfromtheEuropeanCentralBank（ECB）andtheBankofJapan's（BOJ）largesseisdrawingtoaclose,that'sabiggermilestoneformarkets.Aworldofhigherbondyieldsisonewherethepressuretoseekyieldinexoticplacesisdiminished.It'salsoaworldwherethecapitalgainsthataccompaniedfallingyieldsbecomecapitallossesandinvestorsquestionthemeritofbondsovercash（orequities）.Thissearchforyieldinexoticplaceshas,sincetheendofJanuary,helpedtheBrazilianrealgainmorethan20%againsttheUSdollar,withtheRussianroublemanagingalmostasmuch.Thedollar,itself,hasfallenbackisby7.5%fallintrade-weightedterms,unwindingnearly40%ofthegainsithasseensincemind-2014.There'snoneedtopanicaboutbondyieldsrising,becauseraterisesinJapanortheEurozoneareyearsawayandtheFed'sstilltinkering.But10-yearyieldsonbothGermanandJapanesegovernmentbondyieldsfellbelowzeroforthefirsttimeinlateJune.Theyhavebeenedginghigherthroughthesummer.It'salmostasifinvestorsreallyaren'tthatkeenontyingmoneyupatnegativeyieldsforthatlong-whynotsticktocash?IntheUS,estimatesof"neutral"realinterestratesaretumblingtoaroundzero.Estimatesofhowmuchslackthereisleftinthelabourmarketarebeingrevisedupandafterfiveyearswhenproductivitygrowthhasaveragedameasly0.5%,there'swidespreadacceptancethatit'sunlikelytoacceleratebymagic.Butevenifwetakeallofthisintoaccount,marketsarenowpricinginanextraordinarilyslowpaceofratehikesbytheFed-fromtheircurrent0.25-0.5%range,toabout0.75%bytheendof2017andto1%bytheendof2018.GDPgrowthstilloscillatesaround2%,theFed'sfavouredmeasureofinflationisat1.6%andtheunemploymentrateistrendinglower.Thepricingofthefuturepathofshorttermratesseemstoolowevenforthe"newnormal"economicenvironment.AllofthesecurrencieshavegainedagainstthepoundandIcan'tseethatchanging.ToomuchimportanceshouldnotbeplacedoneitherthecollapseinconfidenceimmediatelyafterthevotetoleavetheEUorthesubsequentbounce.TheeconomicimpactofleavingtheEUwillbefeltthroughdelayedinvestmentdecisionsasaresultofuncertaintyaboutwhenandonwhattermsithappens.Adebilitatingratherthanacorrosiveimpactontheeconomywillbeseeninslower,butpositivegrowth.Itwillalsobefeltinfurther（slower）sterlingweakness.TheBankofEnglandhasalreadycutpolicyratesfrom0.5%to0.25%,andthere'smoretocomefromboththeBankandthepoundoverthenextyear.A5%fallfromherewouldtakethepoundcloseto€1.1,andwecouldseeitfallbelow$1.25astheFederalReserveedgesrateshigher.AccordingtothelastparagraphwhichofthefollowingsisNottrue?AfterBritainleavingtheE.UtheinvestmentdecisionofinvestorshasbeenaffectedA.AfterBritainleavingtheE.UtheinvestmentdecisionofinvestorshasbeenaffectedB.AfterBritainleavingtheE.U,thevalueofthepoundwillbeseenweakenedfurtherA)AfterBritainleavingtheB)U,thefedtakesthisopportunitytoraisetherateC)AfterBritainleavingtheD)U,theBankofEnglandhasalreadycutpolicyratesto0.25%答案:A解析:本題考查的是細節(jié)理解。【關(guān)鍵詞】Nottrue【主題句】倒數(shù)第一段TheBankofEnglandhasalreadycutpolicyratesfrom0.5%to0.25%,andthere?smoretocomefromboththeBankandthepoundoverthenextyear.A5%fallfromherewouldtakethepoundcloseto€1.1andwecouldseeitfallbelow$1.25astheFederalReserveedgesrateshigher.英格蘭銀行已經(jīng)將政策利率從0.5%降至0.25%，明年銀行和英鎊將面臨更大的下行壓力。下降5%會造成英鎊與歐元的比率接近1:1.1。隨著美聯(lián)儲邊際利率走高，我們將看到英鎊跌破1.25美元。倒數(shù)第二段TheeconomicimpactofleavingtheEUwillbefeltthroughdelayedinvestmentdecisionsasaresultofuncertaintyaboutwhenandonwhattermsithappens.離開歐盟的經(jīng)濟影響將通過延遲投資決策而感受到，這是由于何以及何種條件下發(fā)生的不確定性造成的。本題問的是?根據(jù)最后一自然段，以下哪一選項不是正確的？?選項A意為?英國脫歐之后，投資者的決策受到了影響。?結(jié)合主題句，投資者決策延遲，因而還暫未收到影響，故錯誤；選項B意為?英國脫歐之后，英鎊的價值將被進一步削弱。?結(jié)合主題句，故正確；選項C意為?英國脫歐之后，美聯(lián)儲借機提高利率。?結(jié)合主題句正確；選項D意為?英國脫歐之后，英格蘭銀行已經(jīng)將政策利率下調(diào)至0.25%。?結(jié)合主題句正確。選項A句意雖正確，但是最后一段并未提到此意，與題意無關(guān)。[單選題]8.關(guān)于國際收支，下列說法正確的是（）。A)國際收支反映的內(nèi)容是以貨幣記錄的交易B)一國的領事館在所在國的消費不計入國際收支C)國際收支記錄的是一國居民間的交易D)依據(jù)交易雙方的國籍可以判定該項交易是否應包含在國際收支的范圍內(nèi)答案:A解析:在狹義上，國際收支是指在一定時期內(nèi)，一國居民與非居民所發(fā)生的全部貨幣或外匯的收入和支出。在廣義上。國際收支是指在一定時期內(nèi)，一國居民與非居民所進行的全部經(jīng)濟交易的以一定貨幣計值的價值量總和。居民是經(jīng)濟概念，不以國籍為標準，而是看居住地和居住時間．凡是在本國居住時間超過一年的自然人和法人，不論其國籍如何，均屬本國居民。[單選題]9.?沉舟側(cè)畔千帆過，病樹前頭萬木春??芳林新葉催陳葉，流水前波讓后波?，這兩句詩包含的哲學道理是（）。A)矛盾是事物發(fā)展的動力B)事物是本質(zhì)和現(xiàn)象的統(tǒng)一C)事物的發(fā)展是量變和質(zhì)變的統(tǒng)一D)新事物代替舊事物是事物發(fā)展的總趨勢答案:D解析:題干中的兩句詩寓意事物總是在不斷發(fā)展變化的，體現(xiàn)了馬克思唯物主義辯證法中世界不斷發(fā)展、運動的觀點。根據(jù)該哲學觀點，新事物最終代替舊事物是事物發(fā)展的必然趨勢。[單選題]10.（）isbelieving.A)SeeingB)SeenC)TobeseeingD)Tosee答案:A解析:本題考察非謂語動詞，題目意為?眼見為實。?動名詞做主語。此類句子往往動詞前后結(jié)構(gòu)一致，也可寫作Toseeistobelieve.[單選題]11.GreatWall,firstbuilt2000yearsago,isa____miracle.A)cautiousB)marvelousC)numerousD)serious答案:B解析:本題考察形容詞詞義辨析。題目意為?始建于兩千年前的長城是一項了不起的奇跡。?A項cautious?小心的，謹慎的?，B項marvelous?了不起的，非凡的?，C項numerous?許多的，很多的?，D項?嚴肅的，認真的?。[單選題]12.Mr.Backussimplyreplacedtheoriginalequationwithhisown______foradreamdate,whichincludedthepercentageofwomenlikelytofindhimattractive,andthenumberofgirlsaged24to34inLondon.A)designationB)measuresC)criteriaD)legislation答案:C解析:本題考察詞義辨析。題目意為?巴克斯先生只是使用自己夢想中約會的標準來取代了原始方程，即倫敦24到34歲間女性中有較大可能會被他吸引的比率。?A選項意為?指定，指示?，B選項意為?措施，測量?，C選項意為?標準，條件?，D選項意為?立法，法律?。根據(jù)題意，科學家用自己的標準代替了原始方程，取得了自己需要的數(shù)據(jù)。[單選題]13.我國商業(yè)銀行的核心資本包括（）。A)實收資本、重估資本、未分配利潤、長期次級債券B)實收資本、資本公積、未分配利潤、各項損失準備C)實收資本、資本盈余、重估資本、未分配利潤D)實收資本、資本公積、盈余公積、未分配利潤答案:D解析:[單選題]14.公文的權(quán)威性和行政約束力，來自（）的權(quán)威和合法地位。A)收文機關(guān)B)印發(fā)機關(guān)C)審核機關(guān)D)制發(fā)機關(guān)答案:D解析:[單選題]15.企業(yè)的法定盈余公積累計額已達到注冊資本的（）時可以不再提取。A)20%B)50%C)80%D)100%答案:B解析:法定盈余公積累計額已達到注冊資本的50%時可以不再提取。[單選題]16.?凡事預則立，不預則廢。?這一古訓的哲學方法論意義是指（）。A)正確認識事物的因果聯(lián)系是自覺活動的決定性條件B)正確認識事物的因果聯(lián)系同?神學目的?論劃清界限C)正確認識事物的因果聯(lián)系同唯心主義劃清界限D(zhuǎn))正確認識事物的因果聯(lián)系可以提高實踐活動的預見性答案:D解析:堅持因果關(guān)系的客觀普遍性，可以同唯心主義的?因果報應?論、?神學目的?論劃清界限。正確把握事物的因果聯(lián)系是自覺的實踐活動的必要條件。題中?凡事預則立，不預則廢?，作為單項選擇題，考查的是對正確認識事物因果聯(lián)系的方法論意義，而不是理論意義。在四個選項中，A項明顯是錯誤的，B項和C項內(nèi)容正確，但不是題意所要求的，這樣，只有D項才是該題所要求的正確選項。[單選題]17.資料：Whenaconsumerfindsthatanitemsheorheboughtisfaultyorinsomeotherwaydoesnotliveuptothemanufacturer'sclaims，thefirststepistopresentthewarranty，oranyotherrecordswhichmighthelp.atthestoreofpurchase.Inmostcases，thisactionwillproduceresults.However，ifitdoesnot，therearevariousmeanstheconsumermayusetogainsatisfactionAsimpleandcommonmethodusedbymanyconsumersistocomplaindirectlytothestoremanager.Ingeneral，the?higherup?hisorhercomplaint，thefasterheorshecanexpectittobesettled.Insuchacase，itisusuallysettledintheconsumer'sfavor，assumingheorshehasajustclaim.Consumersshouldcomplaininpersonwheneverpossible，butiftheycannotgettotheplaceofpurchase，itisacceptabletophoneorwritethecomplaintinaletter.Complainingisusuallymosteffectivewhenitisdonepolitelybutfirmly，andespeciallywhentheconsumercandemonstratewhatiswrongwiththeiteminquestionIfthiscannotbedone，theconsumerwillsucceedbestbypresentingspecificinformationastowhatiswrong.ratherthanbymakinggeneralstatements.Forexample，?Theleftspeakerdoesnotworkatallandthesoundcomingoutoftherightoneisunclear?isbetterthan?Thisstereodoesnotwork?Thestoremanagermayadvicetheconsumertowritetothemanufacturer.Ifso，theconsumershoulddothis，statingthecomplaintaspolitelyandfirmlyaspossible.Ifapolitecomplaintdoesnotachievethedesiredresult，theconsumercangotoastepfurther.Sheorhecanthreatentotakethesellertocourtorreportthesellertoaprivateorpublicorganizationresponsibleforprotectingconsumer'srights.Whatwillhelpmakethecomplaintmoreeffective?ChoosetheanswerthatisINCORRECT.A)Demonstratetheproblemspecifically.B)Doitpolitelybutfirmly.C)Doitinperson.D)Makegeneralstatementsfirst.答案:D解析:本題的問題是?什么能使投訴更有效？選擇不正確的答案?。A選項?具體說明問題?；B選項?投訴要禮貌但堅定?；C選項?親自投訴?；D選項?先做一般性陳述?。根據(jù)主題句可知，消費者在投訴的時候要說具體問題，不要做一般性陳述，故選D。[單選題]18.以下屬于貨幣市場功能的是()。A)短期資金融通功能B)管理功能C)政策傳導功能D)以上都正確答案:D解析:貨幣市場功能包括短期資金融通功能、管理功能、政策傳導功能和促進資本市場尤其是證券市場發(fā)展的功能。因此A、B、C三項均正確，故選D。[單選題]19.當某個國家發(fā)生嚴重的通貨膨脹時，理財產(chǎn)品價格將（）。A)上升B)下跌C)不變D)大幅波動答案:B解析:嚴重的通貨膨脹是很危險的，經(jīng)濟將被嚴重扭曲，貨幣加速貶值，資金流出證券市場，引起股票、債券等理財產(chǎn)品的價格下跌。[單選題]20.按利息的支付方式，可將債券分為附息債券、一次還本付息債券和（）。A)短期債券B)貼現(xiàn)債券C)政府債券D)金融債券答案:B解析:根據(jù)利息支付方式不同，債券可分為附息債券等、一次還本付息債券和貼現(xiàn)債券等。根據(jù)發(fā)行主體不同，債券可分為政府債券、金融債券、公司債券和國際債券等。根據(jù)期限不同，債券可劃分為短期債券、中期債券和長期債券。[單選題]21.歷史上建都金陵的六朝之首是（）。A)東晉B)南唐C)東吳D)梁答案:C解析:略。[單選題]22.我國《民法通則》規(guī)定，公民下落不明滿（）年的，利害關(guān)系人可以向人民法院申請宣告他為失蹤人。A)2B)1C)4D)3答案:A解析:《民法通則》第20條規(guī)定：?公民下落不明滿二年的，利害關(guān)系人可以向人民法院申請宣告他為失蹤人。戰(zhàn)爭期間下落不明的，下落不明的時間從戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束之日起計算。?由此可知，本題答案為A。[單選題]23.在國際銀行監(jiān)管史上有重要意義的l988年《巴塞爾協(xié)議》規(guī)定，銀行的總資本充足率不能低于（），核心資本充足率不得低于（）。A)4%8%B)6%8%C)8%4%D)10%4%答案:C解析:[單選題]24.生產(chǎn)者的法定免責事由不包括（）。A)未將產(chǎn)品投入流通的B)產(chǎn)品投入流通時，引起損害的缺陷尚不存在的C)將產(chǎn)品投入流通時，當時的科技水平尚不能發(fā)現(xiàn)缺陷存在的D)產(chǎn)品投入流通時，雖明知有缺陷，但無法避免的答案:D解析:D法定免責事由主要是指不可抗力，因不可抗力不能履行合同的，根據(jù)不可抗力的影響，部分或者全部免除責任，但法律另有規(guī)定的除外。生產(chǎn)者能夠證明下列情形之一的，不承擔賠償責任：①未將產(chǎn)品投入流通的；②產(chǎn)品投入流通時，引起損害的缺陷尚不存在的；③將產(chǎn)品投入流通時，當時的科技水平尚不能發(fā)現(xiàn)缺陷存在的。[單選題]25.資料：Asastartupfounder,mydailytasksincludeeverythingfromlong-termstrategicplanningtoapprovingteamoutingsandcompanycultureinitiatives.Dayafterday,thingsinevitablycomeupthatneedtogethandledASAP.Butl'vealsolearnedthatifyoudon'thaveastrategyformakingtimeforthosebiggerambitionsandyourtrulyloftygoals,they'llsimplynevergetdone.Andthatmeansyouwon'tmaketheprogressthat'sreallygoingtomoveyourbusinessforward.1.FINDYOURMOSTPRODUCTIVETIMEFaceit.Youaren'tcrankingoutworkatabsolutepeakproductivityfortheentireday.Insteadarelikelycertaintimeswhenyouareatyourmostfocusedandothertimeswhenyourenergywanes.That'snormal.Maybeforyou,it'sbrightandearlyinthemorning,beforeanyoneelsearriveintheoffice,whenyoudoyourbestwork.Wheneveritis,identitythatwhenyoufeelyourmostproductive,andthenreserveitonyourcalendarlikeyouwouldanyotherimportantmeeting.Youneedtoprotectthisblockoftimefromintrusion-itisn'toptional.Thatwayyou'reguaranteedtohavearegular,designedperiodwhenyoucanatleastonthosebiggerto-dos.2.CREATEPHYSICALBARRIERSNobodyworksinavacuum.Weallhavetocollaboratewithotherstosomedegreeoranother.Andit'sthepeopleweworkclosestwithwhomwetendtoputfirst-wewanttobereadilyavailableiftheyneedourhelp.Buttherearetimesyouneedtotuneoutthedistractionsandforcesifyou'regoingtogetanymeaningfulworkdone.Oneofthemosteffectivemethodsl'vefoundistoputphysicalbarriersbetweenus.I'llworkfromaconferenceroomorevenfromhomeonaccessioninordertogetsomeliteralspacefrompeopleneeding"justonequickthing."Theword"wanes"inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto:A)IncreaseB)PeakC)DiminishD)Disappear答案:C解析:本題考查的是詞義判斷?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】wanes;closestmeaning【主題句】第2自然段Insteadarelikelycertaintimeswhenyouareatyourmostfocusedandothertimeswhenyourenergywanes.相反，可能某些時候你是最集中的，而其他時候你的能量減弱。題干意為?與第2自然段的?wanes?意思最相近的選項是哪一個？?選項A意為?增加?；選項B意為?最高點?；選項C意為?減少?；選項D意為?消失?。根據(jù)主題句可知，前半句說的是注意力最集中的時候，那后半句應該說的是相反的意思，也就是注意力減少，故選項C正確。[單選題]26.根據(jù)巴尼的觀點，組織中的人力資源之所以能夠成為企業(yè)優(yōu)勢資源，是因為（）。A)人力資源具有邊際報酬遞減性B)人力資源可以被其他資源代替C)高能力的勞動者是稀有資源D)優(yōu)秀企業(yè)的人力資源管理很容易被模仿答案:C解析:本題考查戰(zhàn)性人力資源管理。1991年巴尼指出，帶來競爭優(yōu)勢的企業(yè)資源需要具備四方面特點：價值、稀缺性、不可模仿性、不可替代性(人力資源具有邊際報酬遞增性)。[單選題]27.20世紀60年代以后，在大公司生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營多元化的發(fā)展過程中，投資銀行被確立為()的重要對象。A)合伙人制B)混合公司制C)信貸公司制D)股份所有制答案:B解析:20世紀60年代以后，在大公司生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營多元化的發(fā)展過程中，投資銀行是被收購或聯(lián)合兼并成為混合公司的重要對象。這些并購活動的主要動機都是為了擴大母公司的業(yè)務規(guī)模，在這一過程中，投資銀行逐漸開始了由合伙人制向現(xiàn)代公司制的轉(zhuǎn)變。[單選題]28.資料：Actually,anysaleisagiftuntilyougetpaid.Butexportersareespeciallyconcerned,sincetheirbuyersmightbe10,000milesaway！So,understandingthefourbasicwaystogetpaidforaninternationalorderisimportant.Themethodyouselectwillaffecttheriskyoubear,thesizeofordersyoumightbeabletoget,andthefinancingyoumightrequiretofilltheorder.Thefollowingarethemethodsofpaymentfortheexporter,fromthemosttotheleastsecure:Cash-in-advance.Newexportersfrequentlyrequestthismethod.Theirattitudetypicallyis,"Idon'tknowyouverywellbut,ifyousendmethemoney,I'llsendyouthegoods."●Advantage:TheexportergetspaidbeforetheshipmentleavestheU.S.Ifcashisreceivedpriortoproduction,theexporterwillnotneedadditionalworkingcapital.●Drawback:Itlimitstheexporter'ssalespotentialsinceittiesuptheimporter'scash;canbeaverynon-competitivepaymentmethodifothersuppliersareofferingsimilarproductsorservices.Letter-of-credit.Lettersofcredit（L/C）substitutethecreditworthinessoftheimporterandexporterwiththatoftheirrespectivebanks.●Advantage:TheexporterwillbepaidifthetermsandconditionsoftheL/Caremet.●Drawback:TherearefeesassociatedwithopeningandamendingL/Cs;theimporter'scashistied-upsincecashorotherassetsneedtocollateralizetheL/C,whichinturnmightreducetheordersize.Theexporterstillmightneedadditionalworkingcapitaltoproducetheproductorservice,sinceL/Cswillnotpaypriortoshipment/performance.Documentarycollections.Thismethodusesthebankingsystemfortheexportertosendthenecessarydocumentsassociatedwiththeordertotheimporter.●Advantage:Thedocumentsandgoodsarenotreleaseduntilimporterpaysoragreestopayatsomefuturedate.Ifthebuyerrefusestoacceptthedocumentsandgoods,theexporterretainstitletothegoodsandcansellthemtoathirdpartyorbringthembacktotheU.S.●Drawback:Noguarantyofpayment,sincethebanksonlyactasintermediaries.Theexporterwillneedtofinancetheproductioncycle,theshipmenttime,plusalongerperiodiftheimporteragreestopayatalaterdate,untilfinalpaymentisreceivedOpenaccount:Openaccounttermsforinternationalsalesaresimilartodomesticopenaccountsales.Thebuyeragreestopayinasetnumberofdays-typically30,60,or90-fromtheinvoice,shipmentordeliverydate.●Advantage:Morecompetitivetermswhichcanhelpsecurelargerorders●Drawback:Thegoodsaregoneandthebuyermightnotpay.ThisriskcanbegreatlyreducedbyobtainingcreditinsurancefromtheExport-ImportBankoftheU.S.ontheforeignaccountsreceivable.Knowingtheadvantagesanddrawbackstoeachmethodofpaymentcanhelptobetterprepareyoufornegotiatingpaymenttermswithyourpotentialoverseascustomers.MoredetailandsupportontheseandothertradefinancingissuescanbeobtainedbycontactingoneofSBA'stradefinancespecialistsin20U.S.ExportAssistanceCentersaroundthecountry.What'sthestyleofthearticle?A)DescriptiveCompositionB)ExpositiveCompositionC)NarrativeCompositionD)ArgumentativeComposition答案:B解析:本題的問題是?文章是什么風格?。A選項?描述性文章?；B選項?說明解釋性文章?；C選項?敘述性文章?；D選項?爭論性文章??？v觀全文，主要圍繞著四種出口付款方式（Cash-in-advance預付現(xiàn)金；Letter-of-credit信用證；Documentarycollections跟單托收；Openaccount賒銷）優(yōu)缺點進行解釋說明，故B選項更符合題意。[單選題]29.人們常說，兩害相權(quán)取其輕，兩利相權(quán)取其重。這個說法啟示我們在處理和解決問題時要注意（）。A)整體與部分的辯證關(guān)系B)分清主流和支流C)量變與質(zhì)變的辯證關(guān)系D)矛盾的同一性和斗爭性答案:B解析:?兩害相權(quán)取其輕，兩利相權(quán)取其重?是說要分清不同情況下占主要地位的方面，這在方法論上要求我們分清矛盾的主要方面和次要方面，分清主流和支流。故B項為正確選項。[單選題]30.對于采取緊縮戰(zhàn)略的組織，人力資源管理的關(guān)鍵活動是（）。A)改變員工的晉升和發(fā)展機會。留住更多的現(xiàn)有人員B)裁減工作績效不佳的員工C)合并新購并企業(yè)的人力資源管理體系D)制定適當?shù)囊?guī)劃保證及時雇用和培訓新員工答案:B解析:本題考查緊縮戰(zhàn)下的人力資源管理問題。企業(yè)常常要削減成本，裁員是主要問題。[單選題]31.《中華人民共和國中國人民銀行法》規(guī)定的貨幣政策的最終目標，其基本含義是()。A)致力于物價穩(wěn)定B)側(cè)重于經(jīng)濟增長C)穩(wěn)定物價并實現(xiàn)貨幣供求平衡D)穩(wěn)定物價并以此促進經(jīng)濟增長答案:D解析:《中華人民共和國中國人民銀行法》規(guī)定的貨幣政策的最終目標，其基本含義是保持幣值穩(wěn)定并以此促進經(jīng)濟增長。[單選題]32.資料：Britainisfacinga?crisisoffatherlessness?inwhichalmosthalfofallchildrenborntodaywillnotbelivingwithbothparentsbythetimetheyare15,thenewchiefexecutiveofthethinktankfoundedbyIainDuncanSmithhaswarned.AndyCook,whorunstheCentreforSocialJustice,whichischairedbytheformercabinetminister,arguedthatregularcontactwithafatherfigurereducedcriminalbehaviorinchildrenandboostedcognitiveskillsincludingreasoningandlanguagedevelopment.Cookclaimedtherewastoomuchofa?throwawayculture?toparenting,adding:?Overthelast40years,themeteoricriseinfamilybreakdownhasblighted（損害）thelivesofthepoorestchildrenthemost.Therelationshipchildrenhavewiththeirfathersaffectstheirself-esteem,howwelltheydoatschool,evenwhethertheyareabletoformhappy,long-lastingrelationshipsasadults.?Cooksaiditwasinevitablethatrelationshipswouldnotalwaysworkout,butarguedthatacultureshiftcouldreducetheprevalenceoffamilybreakdown,andstressedtheimportanceofparentingoncecoupleshadseparated.?Weneedasocietalshiftinperspectivefromregardingfathersasadispensableextratorecognizingtheirvalueasacrucialpillarinachild?slife.?hesaid.Cookarguedpolicyoughttobefocusedonlonger-termthinking,andemphasizingthepotentialimpactonchildrenoftroubledrelationships,stressingthedisproportionateeffectonthepoorest.Histhinktank?sfiguresshowthatbytheageoffive48%ofchildreninlow-incomefamiliesarenotlivingwithbothparents,comparedwith16%ofchildreninmiddle-tohigher-incomefamilies.Hesaidhisworkwouldalsofocusonfourotherfactorsthatcontributedtopoverty:educationalfailure,worklessness,problemdebtandaddiction.Lookingonlyatincomelevelsskewedpolicy,headded.Despitecontroversyintheeducationsectoraboutthegrowthofgrammarschools,Cookarguedthattherewasevidencetheycouldbesuccessfulifheadteacherstriedtofindthemosttalentedchildrenfrompoorerfamilies.TheformerchiefexecutiveoftheCentreforSocialJustice,ChristianGuy,whobecamethePM'spovertyadviser,saidthehopeofthepreviousstrategywasto?startaparentingrevolution--fortoolongpoliticianslookedawayasfamilyinstabilityandpoorchilddevelopmentblightedlivesinthepoorestneighbourhoods?.?Parentswantwhat'sbestfortheirchildren,butgreatadvicetendstobethepreserveofthebetteroff.Thishastochangeifwewanttoseechildrenstartingschoolreadytoleadtocommunicateandforminghealthyrelationships?.WhatdoesChristianGuyimplyinthelastparagraph?A)Politiciansshouldcallonaparentingrevolution.B)Governmentmayhavefailedtokeepfamiliesstable.C)Onlyrichparentscanoffertheirchildrenwhat'sthebest.D)Parentingadviceisofteninaccessibletopoorfamilies.答案:D解析:本題考查的是推理判斷?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】ChristianGuy;imply;lastparagraph【主題句】倒數(shù)第1段TheformerchiefexecutiveoftheCentreforSocialJustice,ChristianGuy,whobecamethePM'spovertyadviser,saidthehopeofthepreviousstrategywasto?startaparentingrevolution--fortoolongpoliticianslookedawayasfamilyinstabilityandpoorchilddevelopmentblightedlivesinthepoorestneighbourhoods?.?Parentswantwhat'sbestfortheirchildren,butgreatadvicetendstobethepreserveofthebetteroff.Thishastochangeifwewanttoseechildrenstartingschoolreadytoleadtocommunicateandforminghealthyrelationships?.社會正義中心前首席執(zhí)行官ChristianGuy，成為PM的貧困顧問，他表示，之前戰(zhàn)略的希望是?開始一場育兒革命--政治家們很久以來對于家庭不穩(wěn)定和最貧困街區(qū)兒童凄慘成長生活不太關(guān)注。??父母們希望給孩子們最好的，但是這些好的建議往往被富裕群體所獨享。如果我們想看到適學兒童做好溝通準備和建立健康的關(guān)系，這必須改變。?本題的問題是?ChristianGuy在最后一段中暗示了什么？?選項A意為?政治家應該呼吁育兒革命?；選項B意為?政府可能未能保持家庭穩(wěn)定?；選項C意為?只有富有的父母才能為子女提供最好的?；選項D意為?貧困家庭通常無法獲得育兒建議?。根據(jù)主題句，ChristianGuy之前的戰(zhàn)略希望是發(fā)動育兒革命，引起政治家們的關(guān)注，而并非是讓政治家呼吁育兒革命，故錯誤；選項B，主題句只是提到?政治家們忽視家庭不穩(wěn)定?，并不能推測?政府未能保持家庭穩(wěn)定?，過于牽強，故錯誤；選項C，根據(jù)主題句?父母們希望給孩子們最好的?，不能推測出該選項，故錯誤；選項D與主題句中?好的育兒建議被富裕群體獨享?一致，故正確。[單選題]33.Wereceivedthe___indicatingtheamountofmoneyIhadpaid.A)quittanceB)refundC)retentionD)progeny答案:A解析:選項A意為?收據(jù)?；選項B意為?私募股權(quán)投資基金?；選項C意為?保留?；選項D意為?子孫，后裔?。題目意為?我們收到了顯示我支付金額的收據(jù)。?因此選A，收據(jù)。[單選題]34.我國某企業(yè)在國際市場上，按每件12美元的價格售出10萬件M商品，該企業(yè)生產(chǎn)M商品的成本為每件人民幣16元。假設結(jié)算當日的匯率是1美元兌換人民幣6.3元，不考慮其他因素，該企業(yè)可以獲得利潤（）人民幣。A)596萬元B)160萬元C)756萬元D)120萬元答案:A解析:該企業(yè)獲得利潤為12×6.3×100000－16×100000=5960000（元）。[單選題]35.消費函數(shù)可以看作是()之間的函數(shù)關(guān)系。A)消費與收入B)儲蓄與收入C)消費與儲蓄D)消費與投資答案:A解析:消費可以看作是收入的函數(shù)。所以消費函數(shù)可以看作是消費與收入之間的函數(shù)關(guān)系。[單選題]36.資料：Largeindustrializedarenowinarecession.Whataretheprospectsforeconomicrecovery?Thethreemostimportantindustrialeconomiesintheworldare,atthemoment,facingenormousproblems.Germanyisstrugglingwiththecostofreunificationandisinrecession.JapanisalsoexperiencingrecessionandtheUnitedStateshasalargebudgetdeficit.Forecastersandanalystsfacequestionsabouttheprospectsofaneconomicrecovery.Herearesomeoftheirfindings:TheelectionofanewpresidentoftheUnitedStatesgavehopetotherestoftheworld.IftheUSrecovered,therestoftheworldwouldfaceamorepromisingfuture.However,analystsnowacceptthattheUSwillonlyrecoververyslowly.Consumerandinvestorconfidenceisstilllacking.Largedeficitsanddecliningshort-terminterestratesmeanthereislittlescopeforeconomicstimulus.TheJapaneseeconomy,afteryearsoftradeandbudgetsurpluses,isindeeprecessionandthegrowthratehassloweddownconsiderably.Germaneconomistshaveloweredtheirforecastsforeconomicgrowththisyear.TheloweringofGermaninterestratesmaybringsomerelieftoothermembersoftheEuropeanExchangeRateMechanism（ERM）.However,Germany'simportanceasEurope'slargestexportmarketmaydecline.However,insomepartsoftheworld,therearemorepositivesigns,particularlyinsomeLatinAmericancountriesinSouth-EastAsia.Analystssaysthat,aslongastherateofintereststaysabovetherateofgrowthatnationalincome,thentheratioofdebttoincomewillgetworse.Fallinginterestrateshelptowardsovercomingthisproblem.Theybelieveitmaytakeseveralyearsbeforethereisrealrecovery.However,advancesintechnologyareofferinghopefortheworldeconomy.Theimportantindustrialeconomiesmentionedinthepassageare_____.A)LatinAmericancountriesandinSouth-EastAsiaB)German,JapanandChinaC)German,JapanandUnitedStatesD)Notmentioned答案:C解析:本題考查的是細節(jié)理解?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】importantindustrialeconomiesmentionedinthepassage【主題句】第2自然段Thethreemostimportantindustrialeconomiesintheworldare,atthemoment,facingenormousproblems.Germanyis...Japanis…andtheUnitedStates….世界上最重要的三大工業(yè)經(jīng)濟體正面臨著巨大的問題。德國…，日本…，美國…。題目意為?文中提到的重要工業(yè)經(jīng)濟體有哪些？?根據(jù)主題句，重要的經(jīng)濟體分別是德國、日本和美國，因此選項C符合題意。[單選題]37.Thestudentsfailedtomeetthenecessary（）foradmissiontothecourse.A)fulfillmentB)requirementsC)qualitiesD)competency答案:B解析:本題考察詞義辨析，題目意為?這些學生沒有能夠達到這門課程的準入要求。?A選項意為?完成?，B選項意為?要求?，C選項意為?質(zhì)量，特質(zhì)?，D選項意為?能力，勝任?。根據(jù)句意，空格處是課程對學生提出的，因此應該是要求。[單選題]38.科學發(fā)展觀的實質(zhì)是促進經(jīng)濟社會又好又快地（）。A)發(fā)展B)進步C)提高D)前進答案:A解析:科學發(fā)展觀的實質(zhì)是促進經(jīng)濟社會又好又快地發(fā)展。[單選題]39.資料：（一）Insuranceisthesharingofrisks,Nearlyeveryoneisexposedtoriskofsomesort.Thehouseowner,forexample,knowsthathispropertycanbedamagedbyfire,theshipownerknowsthathisvesselmaybelostatsea；thebreadwinnerknowsthathemaydieatanearlyageandleavehisfamilythepoorer.Ontheotherhand,noteveryhouseisdamagedbyfirenoreveryvessellostatsea.Ifthesepersonseachputasmallsumofmoneyintoapool,therewillbeenoughtomeettheneedsofthefewwhodosufferloss,Inotherwords,thelossesofthefewaremetfromthecontributionsofthemoney.Thisisthebasisofinsurance,Thosewhopaythecontributionareknownas?insured?andthosewhoadministerthepoolofcontributionsas?insurers?.Notallriskscanbecoveredbyinsurance.Broadlyspeaking,theordinaryrisksofbusinessandspeculationcannotbecovered.Theriskthatbuyerswillnotbuygoodsatthepricesofferedisnotofakindthatcanbestatisticallyestimated,andriskscanonlybeinsuredagainstiftheycanbesoestimated.Thelegalbasisofallinsuranceisthe?policy?.Thisisaprintedformofcontract.Itstatesthatinreturnfortheregularpaymentbytheinsuredofacertainsumofmoney,calledthe?premium?,whichisusuallypaideveryyear,theinsurerwillpayasumofmoneyorcompensationforloss,iftheriskactuallyhappens.Thewordingofpolicies,particularlyinmarineinsurance,oftenseemsveryold-fashioned,butthereisasoundreasonofthis.Overalargenumberofyears,manylawcaseshavebeenbroughttoclearupthemeaningsofdoubtfulphrasesinpolicies.Thelawcourtshavegiventhesephrasesadefiniteandindisputablemeaning,andtoavoidfuturedisputesthephraseshavecontinuedtobeusedinpolicesevenwhentheyhavepassedoutofnormaluseinspeech.Theinsuranceofbusinesses?ordinaryrisksisnotpossiblebecause______.A)suchrisksareveryexpensiveB)suchriskscannotbeestimatedpreciselyC)suchrisksaretoohighD)thepremiumwouldbetoohigh答案:B解析:本題考查的是細節(jié)理解?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】insuranceofbusinessesordinaryrisks;notpossible;because【主題句】第2自然段Notallriskscanbecoveredbyinsurance.Broadlyspeaking,