人版高中英語必修一Unit3知識點詳解

./Part1.Warmingup1、Whichkindoftransportdoyouprefertouse:busortrain?prefer寧愿；更喜歡用法：<1>prefer+n./pron.Theboypreferredadetectivestory.<2>prefer+v.-ingDoyoupreferlivingabroad?<3>prefer+todoShepreferstoliveamongtheworkingpeople.<4>prefersb.todosth.Shepreferredhimtostayathome.<5>prefer+n./pron./doing+to+n./pron./doing喜歡……而不喜歡Ipreferthetowntothecountry.Whilehewasintheofficehepreferreddoingsomethingtodoingnothing.<6>prefertodo...ratherthando=wouldratherdo...thando...寧愿……而不愿Iprefertowalkthereratherthangobybus.<7>prefer+從句<謂語動詞用shoulddo,should可省略>Shepreferredthatheshoulddoitinthekitchen.2.Imaginethatyouplantospendaholiday.imagine的用法▲構詞：①imaginationn.[C/U]想像,想像力,想像的事物②imaginativeadj.富有想像力的▲搭配：imaginesth/doingsthYoucanimaginethesituationthere.Ican’timagin<my>marryingagirlofthatsort.[考例]IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed[答案與解析]Cimagine后接動詞的-ing形式,本句的Peter是這個動名詞的邏輯主語.Part2.Pre-reading,readingandcomprehending1.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.從高中起,我姐姐王維和我就一直夢想做一次偉大的自行車旅行.<1>eversinde從那以后Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since+一般過去時<從句中的動作不能延續(xù)>自從……至今已經多久了.eg:It’sfiveyearssinceIleftthere.我離開那里有五年了.注意：在"It’s+一段時間+since從句",如果since從句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞,那么,它所表示的時間是從那個動作結束時起算,意為"不做...多久了".eg:It’sfiveyearssincehesmoked.他戒煙五年了.<2>dreamabout/of夢見,夢想2、Thenshepersuademetobuyone.<1>、說服;勸服;sb說服某人persuadesb.<not>todosth.sb.into/outofdoingsth.eg：Ipersuadedhimtodoit.=Ipersuadedhimintodoingit.〔2、使相信,使信服persuadesbofsth使某人信服某事persuadesbthat…使某人相信…eg：Hehaspersuadedmeofitstruth.Iampersuadedthatsuchisthefact.persuasiveadj.有說服力的persuasionn.說服,信服[注意]如果"勸說"不服,不能直接用persuade,而應用trytopersuadesbtodo或advisesbtodo.1.I__himnottosmoke,buthedidn’tthinkitnecessary.A.persuadedB.advisedC.hopedD.suggested2.Iwasableatlastto____mymothertofollowmyadvice.A.suggestB.adviseC.persuadeD.leaveoff3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadeD.bepersuaded3.WangWeisoongottheminterestedincyclingtoo.<復習get用法,詳見Unit1知識點詳解4.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.首先想到沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅游的是我的姐姐.〔復習強調句,詳見Unit1知識點詳解5、Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettinggettoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.<1>、although,though引導讓步狀語從句不能再和but,and,however連用,但可以和副詞yet,still連用.although從句多放在句首,though從句可在主句前,中,后任何位置,而且though可以作副詞用于句末,作"但是,不過"講,而although無此用法.Although/Thoughitwasraining,<yet>theystillworkedinthefields.Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn’tcomethough.[隨堂練習]______hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.Since B.UnlessC.As D.Although〔2、insistv.堅持認為,堅持主張on/upon<one’s>doingsth堅持做,堅決做that+從句"堅持一種說法、看法或事實",后接的從句用陳述語氣,按insist需要選擇時態(tài)thatsb<should>dosth堅決主張做某事,后接的賓語從句常用虛擬語氣,即"should+v."eg：Iinsistedon/uponhiscomingwithus.Heinsistedthathehadn’tstolenthegirl’shandbag.Marywasill.Herparentsinsisted thatshe<should>seeadoctor.[隨堂練習]ThedoctorinsistedthatIahighfeverandthatIarestforafewdays.A.had;had B.have;haveC.had;have D.have;hadThemaninsistedataxiformeevenif/thoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.find B.tofindC.onfinding D.infindingIinsistedthatadoctor__immediately.AhasbeensentforB.sentforC.willbesentforD.besentforThedoctorinsistedthatIahighfeverandthatIarestforafewdays.A.had;had B.have;haveC.had;have D.have;hadThemaninsistedataxiformeevenif/thoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.find B.tofindC.onfinding D.infinding6、Mysisterdoesn’tcareaboutdetails.carevi.關心；介意n.關心；照顧careabout<tobeworriedabout/concernedwith>憂慮；擔心；惦念carefor<=like,love>喜歡;照料；照顧〔=takecareof=lookafter>takecare小心；提防派生：carefuladj.細心的carefullyadv.細心地carefulnessn.細心carelesslyadv.粗心地carelessnessn.粗心carelessadj.粗心的⑴Theonlythinghecares__________ismoney.⑵Idon’treallycare_____redwine.=3\*GB2⑶Whowilltakecare___yourbabyifyouareout?=4\*GB2⑷Manyaccidentsarecausedby________<care>driving.=5\*GB3⑤Theystudiedthequestion_________<care>beforetheymadethedecision.7、Shegavemeadeterminedlook–thekindthatshewouldn’tchangehermind.〔1、determinev.決定,下定決心,確定①determinetodosth.=makeupone’smindtodosth.下定決心eg：HedeterminedtolearnFrench.②bedeterminedtodosth.決心做eg：Shewasdeterminedtogotouniversity.〔2、changeone’smind改變某人的主意eg：Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon’tchangemymind.determinationn.決心,毅力determinedadj.堅毅的,下決心的8.WhenItoldherthatourjourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5000meters,sheseemedtobeexcitedaboutit.當我告訴她我們將在海拔5000米處開始旅程,她好像對此很興奮.本句中的seem后面跟了不定式結構,意為"……看起來好像……".<1>seem常常和不定式,形容詞,分詞,名詞和介詞短語搭配.如:1>．seem+不定式〔短語Iseemedtohearavoiceinthedistance.Iseemtohavecaughtacold.seem后不定式的否定式習慣上用don’t來代替,〔放在seem前,如：Youdon’tseemtobequiteyourselftoday2>.seem+形容詞Sheseemsquitehappytoday.=Sheseemstobequitehappytoday.3>．Seem+分詞Thenewsseemsexciting.Theyseemsinterestedinthefilm.4>、seem+名詞Sheseemsaclevergirl.Itseemedalongtimebeforemyturncame.5>.seem+介詞短語Theyseemedinhighspirits.<2>seem常用于it作形式主語的"Itseems/seemedthat……"結構,如：Itseemsthatyouwerelying.Itseemsimpossiblethathewillbeheretomorrow.<3>.seem常用于由asif/though引導的從句中,如：Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.Itseemsasifheknewnothingaboutthat.[注]在這種句式中,如從句所敘述的情實現(xiàn)的可能性比較大,從句謂語用陳述語氣若實現(xiàn)的可能性較小,或根本不可能實現(xiàn),從句的謂語則用虛擬語氣.<4>.seems也常用在"thereseem<s>tobe"句式中,用來代替be,作句子的謂語.如：Thereseemstobenopointinrefusing.Thereseemedtobesomethingthematterwithhim.atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在海拔……米處e.g.Theplaneisflyingataheight/altitudeof10,000feet.注意:at在此處表"在……處/時,以……"后接年齡,速度,長寬深高,價格,費用等在…歲時attheageof以..的價格atahigh/lowprice在….深度\寬度處atadepth/widthof在…距離處atadistanceof9、WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreathanditwouldbeverycold…主語+be+adj.+todosth.是一常用句式即不定式用主動形式表達被動含義.不定式和主語之間是動賓關系,應使用及物動詞的主動形式,若是不及物動詞,要加相應的介詞.常用的形容詞有：easy,difficult,hard,interesting,pleasant,nice,dangeroues,important等；該句型可以轉換成"It+be+adj+todosth."結構eg：Theproblemisreallyhardtoworkout.=Itisreallyhardtoworkouttheproblem.還有一類表示心理活動的形容詞<surprised,moved,disappointed,pleased,happy,sad,delighted,sorry,interested,glad,worried,eager,anxious,angry等,主動用todo,被動用tobedone,也可接從句.WewerebothsurprisedtolearnthathalfoftheriverisinChina.我們驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)這條河有一半是在中國境內.Weweredisappiontedtobetoldthatthematchhadbeenputoff.10.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.Finally,Ihadtogivein.她一旦下了決心,什么也不能使她改變.最后,我只好讓步了.once作為連詞,作"一<旦>……就……"解,連接一個表示時間的狀語從句.從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時,現(xiàn)在完成時表將來.如：Onceyouhavebeginyoumustcontinue.Onceprinted,thebookwillbeverypopularonce用作副詞,意為"一次；從前,曾經".11、Finally,Ihadtogivein.<1>、givein<tosb./sth.>屈服于,讓步,遞交eg：Hehadtogiveintomyviews.他只好順從了我的意見.〔2、givein<sth.tosb.>上交eg：Pleasegiveyourexaminationpapersintotheteacher.[拓展]giveup放棄,認輸giveout筋疲力盡；分配giveaway捐贈,泄露giveoff放出,散發(fā)〔光、熱、煙、氣、味等運用：用適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空.〔1Hegave____toherrequest.〔2Ifyougive_____smoking,youwillsavealotofmoneyeveryyear.〔3Hisaccentgavehim_____.SoIknewhewasfromUSA.〔4Ourteachergave______tothepolicestationwhathepickedupfromtheground.〔5Hismoneysoongave______becauseheboughtalotofthings.12、Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travelingacrosswesternYunnanProvince.[辨析]across,through與overacross表示從一定范圍的一邊到另一邊或事物交叉位置,"橫穿,橫跨"表面through表達兩邊穿過或穿過空間內部over表示"越過"是指越過較高的物體從一側到另一側Sheswamacrosstheriver.她游過河去.Theriverflowsthroughthecityfromwesttoeast.這條河從西往東流過城市.Thethiefclimbedoverthewallandranaway.小偷翻過墻逃走了.Part3.LearningaboutLanguage1、Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.有決心的人總是努力完成工作,而不管它有多難.疑問詞+ever,nomatter+疑問詞whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可以引導讓步狀語從句,也可以引導名詞性從句,引導讓步狀語從句時,可以換成nomatterwhat/which/who/whom,位置可以在主句前,也可以在主句后.Takewhateveryouwant.拿你想要的任何東西.Wewillcompletetheworkontime,nomatterwhathappens.=Whateverhappens,wewillcompleretheworkontime.〔2wherever,whenever,however常引導讓步狀語從句,可以換成nomattewhere/when/how,可放在主句前或主句后.Wheneverhegoesabroad,hewillbuypresentsforhisyoungersister.=Nomatterwhenhegoesabroad,hewilbypresentsforhisyoungersister.2.exceptfor,except,but,besides表示"除了"的詞或短語有：except;but;exceptfor;besides;exceptthat/when...等.<1>except和but都表示"除了……之外.沒有",二者大多數(shù)情況下可以互換；但在no,all,nobody,nothing,noone等不定代詞后多用but.Nooneknowsourteacher'saddressexcept/buthim.<排除him><2>besides除……之外,還……,有附加性.WhatotherforeignlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish?<English與otherlanguages都屬于know的范圍><3>exceptfor只不過……,整體肯定,部分修正,用于排除非同類事物,for表示細節(jié)上的修正.Yourarticleiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.當except用于句首時,后面往往要加上for.Exceptforthis,everythingisingoodorder.=Everythingisingoodorderexceptthis.<4>exceptthat/when...that后接句子Iknownothingofthatmanexceptthathe’sfromSichuan.Wedomorningexerciseseverymorningexceptwhenitisraining.Part4.UsingLanguage1.ShewasreliableandIknewIdidn’tneedtoencourageher.reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的relyvi.依靠；依賴<通常接on/upon>put相關短語putup舉起；掛起,張貼；建造,搭起；〔為某人提供食宿Heputuphishandtocatchtheteacher’sattention.Anewnotivehasbeenputupontheboard.They

put

up

a

new

house

here.

Willyouputmeupforthenight?putupwith忍受putaway放好,儲存?zhèn)溆?.putsomethingaway:把...收拾起來

Now,putyourbooksaway.現(xiàn)在,把你的書收拾好.

2.putsb.away:把...送進監(jiān)獄〔或精神醫(yī)院

Thedoctorwantedmetohavehimputaway.醫(yī)生要我把他送進精神病院.

3.put<money>away:把錢儲蓄起來

I'vegot$1000putawayforarainyday.我有1000元存在銀行以備不時之需.

4.putaway<foodordrink>：大吃大喝

Ihadputawayhalfabottleofwhisky.我一下子喝了半瓶威士忌.putdown寫下,放下,鎮(zhèn)壓Let

me

put

down

your

telephone

number

lest

I

forget

it.

讓我先記下你的電話號碼,

以免忘了.Put

down

that

book

and

help

your

mother

with

the

dishes.

放下那本書,

幫你母親洗餐具.

They

had

to

call

the

police

in

order

to

put

down

the

riot.

他們只得叫來警察以平定騷亂.putforward1.向前移

Why

don't

you

put

your

chair

forward

to

get

a

better

view?

你為什么不把椅子往前挪一點,

以便看得更清楚些?

2.將…提前

We

shall

have

to

put

the

meeting

forward.

我們得把會議提前.

3.把...向前撥;

將鐘撥快

Put

your

watch

forward;

it's

five

minutes

slow.

將你的手表撥快些,

它慢了五分鐘.

4.提出

He

put

forward

a

plan

for

the

committee

to

consider.

他提出一項計劃交由全體委員審議putin打斷,插嘴,話費〔時間He

put

in

a

good

word

for

me.

他插進來為我說了一句好話.

She

put

in

eight

hours

behind

a

desk.

她在花了八小時辦公.putoff推遲,延期The

appointment

was

put

off

because

of

his

illness.

由于他生病而推遲了約會.puton穿上,上演They

are

going

to

put

on

Hamlet.

他們將上演《哈姆雷特》.putout撲滅〔火,伸出The

fire

was

soon

put

out.

火很快就撲滅了.It's

rude

to

put

out

your

tongues

at

people.

對人吐舌頭是不禮貌的.putone’sheartinto全神貫注于3.separate的用法separate作動詞時,指"把原來在一起的人或物分開".例如:Separatethosetwoboyswhoarefighting,willyou?<你>把那兩個打架的孩子拉開,好嗎?▲構詞：separationn.[U]分開,分離▲搭配：①separateAfromB把A和B分開②AisseparatedfromBby…A和B為……所分開／阻隔③separatesth<up>into…把……分成<幾分>作形容詞時,"個別的,獨自的,分離的"Wehavesepareterooms.我們都有各自的房間.4.schedulen.時間表；進度表vt.為某事安排時間accordingtoschedule按照計劃；按照安排onschedule按時behindschedule晚點bescheduledtodo被安排,定于⑴火車按時到達.Thetrainarrived______⑵總統(tǒng)定于明天發(fā)表演說.ThePresidentis__________<schedule>tomakeaspeechtomorrow.5butIstayedawake.stay為連系動詞.類似stay既能做行為動詞又能作連系動詞的還有：become,get,grow,turn,look,appear,seem,feel,taste,smell,sound,keep等.課文原文1.Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.2.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.3.Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsisted