超高效三相感應(yīng)電機(jī)

模板使用說(shuō)明〔請(qǐng)?jiān)谑褂们霸敿?xì)閱讀此說(shuō)明！〕各局部?jī)?nèi)容可以直接打字輸入，也可使用粘貼功能，但要保證粘貼內(nèi)容格式正確。目錄為自動(dòng)生成模式，不要修改目錄，論文完成后請(qǐng)右鍵單擊目錄區(qū)域，選擇“更新域〞即可。各級(jí)標(biāo)題一定要使用相應(yīng)標(biāo)題格式，否那么在目錄里不能表達(dá)。論文中各種行間距請(qǐng)自行調(diào)整。如本模板和?哈爾濱理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)〔論文〕撰寫(xiě)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?的規(guī)定不一至，以?哈爾濱理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)〔論文〕撰寫(xiě)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?的規(guī)定為準(zhǔn)。本模板僅供參考，請(qǐng)嚴(yán)格按照?哈爾濱理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)〔論文〕撰寫(xiě)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?完成論文。如不會(huì)使用word的模板功能，請(qǐng)自行按?哈爾濱理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)〔論文〕撰寫(xiě)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?完成論文。〔請(qǐng)?jiān)谕瓿烧撐暮?，打印論文前，刪除本頁(yè)內(nèi)容！〕10HP-4超高效感應(yīng)電機(jī)電磁設(shè)計(jì)與分析摘要中國(guó)是世界上第二大能耗國(guó),提高能源效率一直被視為中國(guó)進(jìn)一步開(kāi)展的戰(zhàn)略重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。在所有的高耗能產(chǎn)品中,電動(dòng)機(jī)的用電量幾乎占到全國(guó)用電量的一半。目前中國(guó)的中小型交流電機(jī)的平均效率比美國(guó)的最低效率要低3—5％,如此計(jì)算,中國(guó)每年的節(jié)電潛能約為15000兆瓦。顧名思義,高效電機(jī)就是那種完成同樣工作卻比普通電機(jī)消耗更少的電機(jī)。因此,提高電機(jī)效率,使用高效電機(jī)替代正在使用的普通電機(jī),成為節(jié)省能源消耗,降低運(yùn)行本錢(qián)的重要手段。能源短缺和環(huán)保問(wèn)題已經(jīng)越來(lái)越引起世界各國(guó)的關(guān)注，因此高效、環(huán)保產(chǎn)品將成為各領(lǐng)域的開(kāi)展趨勢(shì)。作為一名電機(jī)及相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)的設(shè)計(jì)人員，應(yīng)把高效、環(huán)保電機(jī)作為已任，文章介紹了設(shè)計(jì)研制10HP-4NEMA超高效電機(jī)的情況。首先介紹了高效電機(jī)的定義和開(kāi)展趨勢(shì)，著重介紹了NEMA高效電機(jī)的應(yīng)用及其特點(diǎn)，一些參數(shù)的選擇及技術(shù)要求，然后確定電機(jī)的主要尺寸，進(jìn)行手算設(shè)計(jì)，通過(guò)對(duì)NEMA高效電機(jī)的電磁機(jī)計(jì)算，可以清楚的知道各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)或參數(shù)對(duì)電動(dòng)機(jī)性能和指標(biāo)有什么影響，通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助與手算進(jìn)行比照，找出提高電機(jī)效率的方法，分析該輔助設(shè)計(jì)的可行性。用MATLAB畫(huà)出特性曲線。關(guān)鍵詞：高效；電機(jī)；電磁設(shè)計(jì)；分析；10HP-4ultra-high-performanceinductionmotordesignandanalysisofelectromagneticAbstract

Chinaistheworld'ssecondlargestenergycountrytoimproveenergyefficiencyinChinahasbeenregardedasthefurtherdevelopmentofthestrategicfocusoftheproblem.Inallhighenergy-consumingproducts,motorelectricityconsumptionaccountingforalmosthalfofthecountry.Atpresent,China'ssmallandmedium-sizedACmotoraverageefficiencythantheUnitedStatestolowertheminimumefficiencyof3-5%,sothecalculation,China'sannualenergy-savingpotentialofabout15,000megawatts.Asthenamesuggests,isthekindofhigh-performancemotortocompletethesameworklessthantheordinaryconsumptionoftheelectricmotor.Therefore,improvingtheelectricalefficiency,theuseofhigh-performancemotorisbeingusedtoreplaceordinaryelectricalandbecomeenergy-savingconsumption,loweroperatingcosts,animportanttool.Theshortageofenergyanddestroyoftheenvironmenthaveabsorbedmoreandmoreattentionofeverycountryallovertheworld．Highefficiencyandenvironmentalprotectionwillbethedevelopmentdirectionofproductsineveryfield．Asaprofessionalmotordesigner，designinganddevelopmentenergysavingandenvironmentproofEMisourduty．The350HPNEMAdesignhighefficiencymotorisintroducedinthispaper．Firstintroducedthedefinitionofhigh-performancemotorandtrendsfocusedontheapplicationofNEMAhighefficiencymotoranditscharacteristics,thechoiceofparametersandtechnicalrequirements,andthenidentifythemainmotorsize,thedesignofhand-count,high-performancemotorthroughtheelectromagneticNEMAcomputing,itiscleartoknowallofthedataorparametersonmotorperformanceandimpactindicators,throughcomputer-assistedcomparisonwiththehandcounttoidentifywaystoimprovethemotorefficiency,toachievemaximumefficiency.CharacteristiccurvedrawnusingMATLABKeywords:NEMAefficientelectromagnetic;motor;designandanalysisofenvironmental;protection目錄摘要 =1\*ROMANIAbstract =2\*ROMANII第1章緒論 起動(dòng)性能計(jì)算常用數(shù)據(jù)起動(dòng)性能計(jì)算常用數(shù)據(jù)起動(dòng)電流假定初值起動(dòng)性能計(jì)算起動(dòng)電流計(jì)算值與假定值比是否小于允許差值？輸出各項(xiàng)性能結(jié)束否是計(jì)算機(jī)機(jī)算結(jié)果額定數(shù)據(jù)：額定功率=7.5kW額定電壓=460V額定頻率=60Hz定子相數(shù)m=3性能指標(biāo)：槽滿(mǎn)率0.7687效率0.9209功率因數(shù)0.8606最大轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)2.52起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)1.80起動(dòng)電流倍數(shù)7.03經(jīng)濟(jì)性能：定子導(dǎo)線重量10.51kg硅鋼片重量57.45kg結(jié)果分析：該方案的各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)均滿(mǎn)足要求，所設(shè)計(jì)的電機(jī)是一臺(tái)性能合格的電機(jī)，經(jīng)比擬可知，機(jī)算與手算結(jié)果根本一致，說(shuō)明了此計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)的可行性。表4－1第一套樣機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)機(jī)算結(jié)果機(jī)算結(jié)果手算結(jié)果額定輸出功率/kW7.57.5起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)1.801.80最大轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)2.522.52功率因數(shù)0.86060.8606效率92.09%91.90%槽滿(mǎn)率76.87%76.87%起動(dòng)電流倍數(shù)7.037.09曲線的繪制MATLAB是美國(guó)Mathworks公司出品的商業(yè)數(shù)學(xué)軟件，用于算法開(kāi)發(fā)、數(shù)據(jù)可視化、數(shù)據(jù)分析以及數(shù)值計(jì)算的高級(jí)技術(shù)計(jì)算語(yǔ)言和交互式環(huán)境，主要包括MATLAB和Simulink兩大局部。MATLAB是矩陣實(shí)驗(yàn)室〔MatrixLaboratory〕的簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)，和Mathematica、Maple并稱(chēng)為三大數(shù)學(xué)軟件。它在數(shù)學(xué)類(lèi)科技應(yīng)用軟件中在數(shù)值計(jì)算方面首屈一指。MATLAB可以進(jìn)行矩陣運(yùn)算、繪制函數(shù)和數(shù)據(jù)、實(shí)現(xiàn)算法、創(chuàng)立用戶(hù)界面、連接其他編程語(yǔ)言的程序等，主要應(yīng)用于工程計(jì)算、控制設(shè)計(jì)、信號(hào)處理與通訊、圖像處理、信號(hào)檢測(cè)、金融建模設(shè)計(jì)與分析等領(lǐng)域。MATLAB的根本數(shù)據(jù)單位是矩陣，它的指令表達(dá)式與數(shù)學(xué)、工程中常用的形式十分相似，故用MATLAB來(lái)解算問(wèn)題要比用C，F(xiàn)ORTRAN等語(yǔ)言完相同的事情簡(jiǎn)捷得多，并且MATLAB也吸收了像Maple等軟件的優(yōu)點(diǎn),使MATLAB成為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的數(shù)學(xué)軟件。在新的版本中也參加了對(duì)C，F(xiàn)ORTRAN，C++，JAVA的支持,可以直接調(diào)用,用戶(hù)也可以將自己編寫(xiě)的實(shí)用程序?qū)氲組ATLAB函數(shù)庫(kù)中方便自己以后調(diào)用。MATLAB的應(yīng)用范圍非常廣，包括信號(hào)和圖像處理、通訊、控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、測(cè)試和測(cè)量、財(cái)務(wù)建模和分析以及計(jì)算生物學(xué)等眾多應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。附加的工具箱〔單獨(dú)提供的專(zhuān)用MATLAB函數(shù)集〕擴(kuò)展了MATLAB環(huán)境，以解決這些應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域內(nèi)特定類(lèi)型的問(wèn)題[14]。高效電機(jī)的曲線高效電機(jī)的曲線高效電機(jī)的曲線結(jié)論為了節(jié)約能源、保護(hù)環(huán)境，高效節(jié)能型感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)將成為今后電機(jī)開(kāi)展的主要方向。本文主要介紹了電機(jī)的開(kāi)展、高效電機(jī)的特點(diǎn)、節(jié)能方法以及節(jié)能型感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)的電磁設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。其中電磁設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程是論文的主體。電磁設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程包括了手算過(guò)程和計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程。手算核算過(guò)程是計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)的根底。通過(guò)手算過(guò)程了解了電磁計(jì)算的根本過(guò)程和思路，明白了計(jì)算中各個(gè)參數(shù)的意義和計(jì)算方法，這都為編寫(xiě)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)程序做好了充分的準(zhǔn)備。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)程序的編寫(xiě)，讓我對(duì)C語(yǔ)言的結(jié)構(gòu)、命令、函數(shù)的編寫(xiě)調(diào)用等有了深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)，更加清楚了設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中參數(shù)的迭代處理、計(jì)算中的參數(shù)循環(huán)計(jì)算；通過(guò)調(diào)試程序、確定電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)方案及選優(yōu)的工作，讓我對(duì)各個(gè)電機(jī)參數(shù)值對(duì)電機(jī)性能的影響有了理性和感性的雙重認(rèn)識(shí)?？梢哉f(shuō)，計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程是對(duì)手算過(guò)程的一個(gè)補(bǔ)充，它能讓人更其清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程及電機(jī)性能的變化。二者聯(lián)合在一起，互相影響，互相補(bǔ)充，使人們對(duì)電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程有了一個(gè)完整的認(rèn)識(shí)理解。通過(guò)本次設(shè)計(jì)，我不但了解了電機(jī)的開(kāi)展歷程及趨勢(shì)，熟悉掌握了電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程，學(xué)到了許多知識(shí)，拓寬了知識(shí)面，而且提高了自身查閱資料，運(yùn)用資料解決問(wèn)題的能力，也認(rèn)識(shí)到了做事時(shí)要細(xì)心、仔細(xì)，考慮問(wèn)題要周全。這都為我今后的工作、生活提供了珍貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。致謝在本次課程設(shè)計(jì)即將完成之際，我由衷的感謝魏靜薇老師的指導(dǎo)和支持。設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，魏老師給我們介紹了許多電機(jī)的知識(shí)，讓我們拓寬了知識(shí)面，更加清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)了電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)、功用。并且，針對(duì)不同的設(shè)計(jì)題目，魏老師都分別詳細(xì)的講授了設(shè)計(jì)中的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)，讓我們對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的電機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程、性能指標(biāo)的分析有了清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)。設(shè)計(jì)中，魏老師還注重鍛煉、提高我們運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)自我思考問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的能力，這為我們以后的工作、學(xué)習(xí)打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的根底。同組同學(xué)的幫助也為我順利完本錢(qián)次設(shè)計(jì)提供了不可無(wú)視的作用。當(dāng)我遇到問(wèn)題時(shí)，向他們的詢(xún)問(wèn)、和他們的討論都讓我增長(zhǎng)了不少知識(shí)，彌補(bǔ)了我學(xué)習(xí)中的許多漏洞，從中也學(xué)到了考慮問(wèn)題要多角度、多層次，全面的看待問(wèn)題。此外，我還要感謝學(xué)校、學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)我們本次設(shè)計(jì)的重視和支持。他們?yōu)槲覀兲峁┝肆己玫脑O(shè)計(jì)環(huán)境，可以方便的上網(wǎng)查閱資料，這些為我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的順利完成提供了后備資源。再次感謝老師、同學(xué)、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的支持和幫助！參考文獻(xiàn)陳偉華，李秀英，姚鵬.中國(guó)中小型電機(jī)產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀及開(kāi)展趨勢(shì)．電機(jī)與控制應(yīng)用學(xué)報(bào)．2021：7～8楊罡.高效電機(jī)的自動(dòng)測(cè)試系統(tǒng).哈爾濱理工大學(xué)碩士論文.2003：2～3劉穎峰.350HPNEMA高效電機(jī)的研制.電機(jī)技.2007年3期：3～4郭少英.淺談高效三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì).電氣制造.2021年7期：7～8許明本.中小型三相異步節(jié)能研究的現(xiàn)狀及其開(kāi)展.電能節(jié)約.1992年2期：楊順昌.異步電動(dòng)機(jī)的研究與應(yīng)用.電工技術(shù)雜志.2003年3期：付麗娟.中小電機(jī)未來(lái)技術(shù)開(kāi)展方向.電機(jī)技術(shù).2005年5期：6～7賈建平，劉蘭冰，馬仰東.風(fēng)扇對(duì)NEMA高效電機(jī)效率的影響，電機(jī)技術(shù)，2002年2期：5～6張銀彩，史青錄.中文版AutoCAD2021實(shí)用教程.機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2021：5～65陳世坤.電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)第二版.機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社.2021：264～280蔡偉.小型三相感應(yīng)電機(jī)CAD設(shè)計(jì).機(jī)電技術(shù).2002年6期：3～4M.Machmoum.DynamicPerformancesofaDoubly-fedInductionMachineforaVariable-speedWindEnergyGeneration.IEEE,2002:2431~2436XinXueandV.Sundararajan.TheApplicationofWirelessSensorNetworksforConditionMonitoringinthree-phaseInductionMotors.IEEE，2003:Zhangzengke,Zhaojiamin.Energyoptimizedcontrolofinductionmotorsbasedonadynamicmodel,JTsinghuaUniv(sci&tech),2001:vol,4~5.附錄THEAPPLICATIONOFWIRELESSSENSORNETWORKSFORCONDITIONMONITORINGINTHREE-PHASEINDUCTIONMOTORSXinXueandV.SundararajanUniversityofCalifornia,RiversideAbstract:Themostcommonlyusedtechniqueforthedetectionoffaultsinlargethree-phaseinductionmotorsistomeasurethesupplycurrentfedintothemotorandanalyzethesignalspectrum.Thistechniqueiswellestablishedandhasbeenshowntobeindicativeofafaultycondition.However,currentsignatureanalysisisusuallyusedbyveryskilledtechniciansusingexpensiveequipment.Acosteffectiveconditionmonitoringtechniqueisneededforsmallermotors(thosesmallerthan200HP).Thispaperexploresthepossibilitiesofusingwirelesssensorsinsidethemotor.Wirelesssensorsaregainingpopularityinconditionmonitoringapplicationsbecauseoftheirrelativelylowcostandeaseofinstallation.Thispaperproposesasystemofconditionmonitoringofthethree-phaseinductionmotorusingwirelesssensornetworks(WSN)tomeasurethetemperatureandthevibrationsignals.Thesensornodesareplacedontherotorandthestator.Thedataacquisitionisaccomplishedatabasestationlocatedatadistanceof6feet.Issuesrelatedtoelectromagneticinterferencebetweenthewirelessdevicesandthemagneticfieldspresentwithinthemotorareinvestigated.KeyWords:WirelessSensorNetworks,Three-phaseInductionMotorConditionMonitoringI.INTRODUCTIONConditionmonitoringisimportanttomaintainsustainedoperabilityofmachinery.Theabilitytoeffectivelyandefficientlymonitortheconditionofindustrialmachinesallowstheusertohaveaclearunderstandingofanyproblemsthatmayariseduringmachineoperation.Conditionmonitoringhastheclearadvantageofofferingtheabilitytoperformjust-in-timemaintenancei.e.beforefailureoccursbutonlyasnecessary.Thisaspectallowscompaniestoreducedowntimewhenrepairingmachineryandensuresthatproductivitydoesnotsuffer.TheU.S.DepartmentofEnergyestimatesthatelectricmotorsconsume63%ofallelectricityusedinindustry.U.S.Industryconsumes33%ofU.S.energyandpresentssignificantopportunitiestosavecostandenergy.Inanefforttoreducepowerconsumption,condition-basedmaintenanceemploysmanydifferenttechnologiestomonitortheperformanceofmotorsusedinindustrialapplications.Itisbelievedthatareductioninmachinefailuresincreasesplantefficiencyandproductivity.Wirelesssensorsarebecomingamuchmorefeasiblemonitoringoptionbecauseoftheirdesirablecharacteristics.Theyaresmallandlightweight,allowingforplacementinlimitedspaces.Sincetheyarewireless,theycanbemountedonmovingparts,thuseliminatingtheneedforflexibleconnectors,slipringsetc.Thesensorsrequireverylittlepowerandareverylowcost.Thelowpowerrequirementmakesenergyscavengingfromtheenvironmentattractive.Theirabilitytocontinuouslyobservethevibrationsandtemperatureprovidethecontinuousmonitoringoftheperformanceofthemotor.Thisallowsthemotortoberepairedquicklyandeffectivelyasandwhenneeded.AsurveyexplainingmotorfailuresbyAustinBonnettandChuckYungestimatethatroughlyhalfofmotorfailuresthatoccurareduetotherotorandthebearings.Thesefailurescannotbeeasilypredictedbymerelymonitoringcurrent.Implementationofsensorstodirectlymeasurethephenomenaintherotorisnoteasybecauseoftherotationoftherotor.Awirelesssensornetworkcontainingtemperatureandvibrationsensorswouldbeidealincollectingthenecessaryinformationtodeterminemaintenancerequirements.Wehavebuiltaprototypesystem,whichiscomprisedoftwothermocouples,twothermistorsandtwovibrationsensors.Thisprototypewirelesssensornetworkisusedtomonitorathree-phaseinductionmotor.Theelectromagneticinterferencebetweenthewirelessdevicesandthemagneticfieldspresentwithinthemotorisinvestigatedbyanalyzingthepackagelossofthewirelesssensorslocatedindifferentpositions.II.ELEMENTSOFWIRELESSSENSORNETWORKSInconditionmonitoring,wirelesssensorscanhelpalleviatetheproblemsofembeddingadataacquisitionsystemintoexistingmachinery.Itisnotalwayseasytoinstallnew,wiredsensorsintoexistingmachinerybecauseofwiringrequirementsandlimitedaccessibility.Machineconditionmonitoringsystemsincludemeasurementhardwareandsoftwarethatacquireandinterpretsignalsgeneratedbythemachinebeingmonitored.Figure1providesanoverviewofthemotormonitoringsystemthree-layerframework.Thefirstlayeristhedataacquisitionlayerwhichiscommposedofintegratedsensornodes.Inthesecondlayer,abasestationboardcollectsthedatafromdifferentwirelesssensornodes.Thebasestationisconnectedtoaservercomputerthroughaserialportcable.Alaptopcanbeusedasaservercomputeraswell.Allthedatacollectedissavedinthedatabaseandthesignalscanbeprocessedbyusingvarioussignalprocessingtechniques.Thedecisionformaintenancethuscanbemadebasedonthewiderviewoftheinformation.Thethirdlayerprovidesaconnectionforhumanuserinterfacestothesystem.Theusercancatchtheglobalviewofthemachineandtheconditionmonitoringcanbecarriedoutremotely.SensorNodesAsensornodeiscomprisedofasensorboardandasensormote.Figure2showsoneofthesesensornodesinthefirstlayer.Thesensorboardandthemoteareconnectedthroughthepins.ThesensormoteshostanAtmel128L.Therearetwotypesoftemperaturesensorsusedinourexperiment.OneisanintegratedthermistorthathasarangefromO°Cto+50°CandcalibratedbyCrossbow,Inc.Theotherisathermocouplewithitssensorboarddesignedbyourselves.Thesensorboardcircuitisshownisfigure3.Thermocouplereadingscontainnoisefromtheenvironmentthatcanbereducedbycommon-modecurrentpath.Resistor,providesabiascurrentreturnpath.Thesignalgeneratedbythethermocoupleisamplifiedbyasinglesupply,lowpoweramplifier.GainiscontrolledbyasingleresistorRgastheequationTheoutputvoltageyieldsequation.Thetemperaturerangedependsonthegainneeded.Calibrationsaredonebyusingthetemperaturecontrolledwaterbath.B.BaseStationThedataacquisitiontaskisachievedbyadatalogger,whichconsistsofonesensornodeandaprogrammingboard.Theprogrammingboardisconnectedtothecomputerserverbyaserialcable.Thesensornodeandtheprogrammingboardtogetherarecalledabasestation.Thepurposeofthebasestationistocollectthedatafromeachsensornodeandtransferallthedatatothecomputerserver.EXPERIMENTANDRESULTSThewirelessaccelerometersensornodeattachedontheshaftgivesaclearresponsesignalasdisplayedinfigure5.Thepeakfrequencyknownasthefundamentalfrequencyistheshaftrotationfrequencythatis15Hzwhenthemotorisrunningat900rpm.Anotherfrequencypeakisthesecondharmonic.6.TemperatureDataathree-phaseinductionmotorfromNewmanElectricMotors,Inc.ismountedonasteelplate.Itisa1hpthreephaseinductionmotorandisconnectedtoanadjustablespeeddrivefromToshibaInternationalCorporation.Therunningspeedcanrangefrom0to900rpm.Therearesixsensorsandfivemotesusedintheexperiment.TwothermocouplesareconnectedtoonemotebecauseeachmotehasmultipleAnalogtoDigitalconverters(ADC)andwecandesignthesensorboardtousetwoADCs.Thethermocouplesarebothgluedonthestatorwindingandtheirleadspassthesideboxtoconnectthemoteoutsidethemotor.Theotherfournodesareallplacedinsidethemotor.Twothermistornodesandtwoaccelerometernodesareinstalledontheshaftandontheshellbesidethestatorwindingrespectively.Thesamplingrateofthetemperaturesensorsissetto10Hz,andthatoftheaccelerometersensorsissetto100Hz.Thedatacollectedfromwirelessthermocouplesensorattachedonthestatorandthethermistorbesidethestatorareshowninfigure6.Thetemperaturemeasuredbythermocouplequicklyincreasedafterthemotorstarted.Wirelesssensornetworkscanbeusedtoundertakethetaskofconditionmonitoringinawidevarietyofenvironments.Manyoftheseenvironmentscanbeharshforwirelesscommunication,especiallyinmanufacturingenvironments.Themostbasicaspectofwirelesscommunicationisthepacketdeliveryperformance:thecharacteristicsofpacketloss,anditsenvironmentaldependence.Inourthree-phaseinductionmotor,thereisastrongmagneticfieldinsidethemotorwhenitisrunningwhichcancausemorepacketlossduringtheperiodofdatatransmissionfromsensornodestothebasestation.Bytrackingthepacketlossofthesensorswhichareplacedatdifferentpositions,wecaninvestigatethestrengthofthemagneticfieldanditseffecttowirelesscommunication.Ineachpacket,acyclicredundancycheck(CRC)codeisembeddedattheendofthepacketdata.TinyOSnetworkingstackusestheCRCcodingschemetodropthecorruptpacket.Inordertodeterminepacketcorruption,weinvestigateboththeindividualbytesthatarecorruptedaswellasthepacketsthatfailtheCRCcheck.Bytrackingthepercentageofthesepackets,wefoundthepacketCRClossrateislessthan10%.IV.CONCLUSIONSThepossibilityofusingwirelesssensorsinthethreephaseinductionmotorconditionmonitoringisexploredinthispaper.Wehaveconductedexperimentstogathervibrationandtemperaturedatafrommotors.Thewirelesssensordataisnotasreliableaswiredsensors.However,itisanimportantwaytocollectdatawhenwiredsensorscannotreachtheplace.Duetothemagneticfield,thewirelesscommunicationbetweenthesensornodesandthebasestationisaffected.Althoughthemagneticfieldcausesmorepacketlossofthedatatransition,therearestillenoughdatatoanalyzetheanalogsignal.Byplacingseveralsensornodesaroundthemotor,wewillalsobeabletogatherenoughdatatoperformaccuratedataanalysisandconditionmonitoring.Theproblemofelectromagneticinterferencecouldbesolvedbyincreasingthepowerofthewirelesstransmission.Thishasthedisadvantageofincreasingpowerconsumption,butrotatingshaftshaveenoughenergythatcanbedirectlyscavengedfromtheenvironmentandusedtosupplytherequiredenergy.Alsofastersamplingratesneedtobeachievedtoperformaccuratemonitoringwithvibrations.Thepaperalsoonlyminimallyexploitsthelocalprocessingandstoragecapabilitiesofthewirelesssensornodes.Moresophisticatedsignalanddataprocessingalgorithmscouldbeemployedonthenodes.Inaddition,localcommunicationnetworkscouldbesetupwithinthemotortoenablecollaborationamongthesensornodes.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS應(yīng)用無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)的三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)Xinxue和V.Sundararajan加利福尼亞大學(xué)里弗賽德摘要：大型三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)最常用的技術(shù)檢測(cè)故障是衡量電源電流饋入電機(jī)和分析信號(hào)頻譜。這項(xiàng)技術(shù)是公認(rèn)的，并已被證明是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的指示條件。然而，目前的特征分析通常是非常熟練的技術(shù)人員使用昂貴的設(shè)備。小型汽車(chē)是需要具有本錢(qián)效益的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)〔那些小于200馬力〕。

本文探討的可能性，利用無(wú)線傳感器內(nèi)的馬達(dá)。無(wú)線傳感器狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)的應(yīng)用是越來(lái)越受歡送的，因?yàn)樗鼈兊谋惧X(qián)相對(duì)較低，而且安裝方便。本文提出了系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)的三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)使用無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)〔無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)〕來(lái)測(cè)量溫度和振動(dòng)信號(hào)。該傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)放置在轉(zhuǎn)子和定子。數(shù)據(jù)采集完成在基站位于距離6英尺。目前在電機(jī)調(diào)查電磁之間出現(xiàn)互相干擾的無(wú)線設(shè)備和磁場(chǎng)。

關(guān)鍵詞：無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)，三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)，狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)

引言狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)是很重要的保持持續(xù)可操作性的機(jī)制。能夠有效地監(jiān)測(cè)條件的工業(yè)機(jī)器可以使用戶(hù)清楚地了解在機(jī)器操作任何可能出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)是必要的，有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)的，履行及時(shí)維修發(fā)生故障產(chǎn)品的能力。這一方面使公司可以減少停機(jī)時(shí)間修理機(jī)器，并確保生產(chǎn)力不會(huì)受到影響。美國(guó)能源部估計(jì)，電動(dòng)機(jī)消耗63％的電力用于工業(yè)。美國(guó)工業(yè)消耗33％的總能源，并提出了重大的時(shí)機(jī)節(jié)省本錢(qián)和能源。為了降低能耗，狀態(tài)檢修采用許多不同的技術(shù)，以監(jiān)測(cè)執(zhí)行情況的汽車(chē)中使用的工業(yè)應(yīng)用。據(jù)認(rèn)為，減少機(jī)器故障增加工廠的效率和生產(chǎn)力。無(wú)線傳感器正在成為一個(gè)更加可行的監(jiān)測(cè)方案，因?yàn)樗鼈兛扇〉奶攸c(diǎn)。它們體積小，重量輕，可安置在有限的空間。因?yàn)樗鼈兪菬o(wú)線，它們可以安裝在移動(dòng)部件，因此無(wú)需進(jìn)行靈活的連接器，滑環(huán)等傳感器需要很少的電力和非常低的本錢(qián)。

低功耗的要求使能源從環(huán)境吸引力去除。他們有能力不斷觀察提供振動(dòng)和溫度的連續(xù)監(jiān)測(cè)的性能發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。這使得修理迅速和有效地并在必要時(shí)。調(diào)查解釋電機(jī)故障的奧斯汀估計(jì)，大約有一半的電機(jī)故障發(fā)生的原因是轉(zhuǎn)子和軸承。

這些不容易預(yù)測(cè)的失敗只是監(jiān)測(cè)電流。實(shí)施傳感器直接測(cè)量的現(xiàn)象在轉(zhuǎn)子是不容易的，因?yàn)樾D(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)子。無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)載溫度和振動(dòng)傳感器將是理想的必