山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2011年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2012年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2013年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2014年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2015年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2016年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2017年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2018年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

2011年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院

211翻譯碩士英語考研真題及詳解

PartIReadingComprehension(2×20=40points)

Directions:Therearefivepassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowed

bysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Decideonthebestchoice.

Passage1

UniversityPhysicsisintendedforstudentsofscienceandengineering.

Primaryemphasisisonphysicsprinciplesandproblem-solving;historical

backgroundandspecializedpracticalapplicationshavebeengivenaplaceof

secondaryimportance.Manyworked-outexamplesandanextensive

collectionofproblemsareincludedwitheachchapter.

Inthisnewedition,thebasicphilosophyandoutlineandthebalancebetween

depthoftreatmentandbreadthofsubject-mattercoverageareunchanged

frompreviouseditions.Wehavetriedtopreservethosefeaturesthatusersof

previouseditionshavefounddesirable,whileincorporatinganumberof

changesthatshouldenhancethebook’susefulness.

Thetextbookisadaptabletoawidevarietyofcourseoutlines.Theentire

textbookcanbeusedforanintensivecoursetwoorthreesemestersinlength.

Foralessintensivecourse,manyinstructorswillwanttoomitcertain

chaptersorsectionstotailorthebooktotheirindividualneeds.The

arrangementofthiseditionfacilitatesthiskindofflexibility.

Conversely,however,manytopicsthatwereregardedafewyearsagoasof

peripheralimportanceandwereomittedfromintroductorycourseshavenow

cometotheforeagaininthelifesciences,earthandspacesciences,and

environmentalproblems.Aninstructorwhowishestostressthesekindsof

applicationswillfindthistextbookausefulsourcefordiscussionofthe

appropriateprinciples.

Inanycase,itshouldbeemphasizedthatinstructorsshouldnotfeel

constrainedtoworkstraightthroughthebookfromcovertocover.Many

chaptersare,ofcourse,inherentlysequentialinnature,butwithinthisgeneral

limitationinstructorsshouldbeencouragedtoselectamongthecontents

thosechaptersthatfittheirneeds,omittingmaterialthatisnotrelevanttothe

objectivesofaparticularcourse.

1.Thetextbooklaysstresson_____.

A.theexpositionofphysicalprinciples

B.theapplicationofphysicsindifferentfields

C.thedevelopmentofphysics

D.theprinciplesofphysicsandtheirapplication

2.Comparedwiththeoldone,thisnewedition_____.

A.hasimprovedthebalancebetweentheoryandpractice

B.iseasiertolearn

C.coversawiderrangeofsubject-matter

D.hasbeenmademoreapplicable

3.Thewords“conversely,however”(Para.4)indicatethat_____.

A.manytopicscanbeemphasizedthoughtheywereusuallyomittedby

instructors

B.manytopicscanbeemphasizedthoughtheywerenotcoveredintheold

edition

C.manytopicshavebeenaddedtotheneweditionastheywerenotcovered

intheoldone

D.manytopicshavebeenaddedtotheneweditionthoughtheycanbe

omittedbytheinstructors

4.Tomeettheneedsofaparticularcourse,theteacherofthisbookcanomit

someofthecontentsprovidedthat_____.

A.hisselectionisbasedontherequestofhisstudents

B.hedoesnotomitanychaptercompletely

C.hekeepsaneyeontheinternalrelationsbetweenthechapters

D.hisstudentsareparticularlyintelligent

【答案與解析】

1.B細節(jié)題。原文第一段第二句話“Primaryemphasisisonphysical

principlesandproblem-solving,historicalbackgroundandspecialized

practicalapplicationshavebeengivenaplaceofsecondaryimportance.”說明

本書強調(diào)了physicalprinciples以及application，故B項為正確答案。A，D

項不全面；C項只是書中的內(nèi)容而不是重點。

2.D細節(jié)題。原文第二段最后一句話“…whileincorporatinganumberof

changesthatshouldenhancethebook’susefulness.”指出新版增強了書籍的

實用性，故D項為正確答案。B項未提及；A，C項與原文第二段第一句

相矛盾。

3.A推理題。原文第三段第三句，作者談到導(dǎo)師對本書的某些章節(jié)可根

據(jù)個人需要而省略，原文第四段中又說“...manytopicsthatwereregarded

afewyearsagoasofperipheralimportanceandwereomittedfrom

introductorycourseshavenowcometotheforeagaininthelifesciences,

earthandspacesciences,andenvironmentalproblems”，可以推斷出作者認

為某些導(dǎo)師習慣省略的話題現(xiàn)在又變得重要了，可以重新強調(diào)了，故A

項為正確答案。

4.C推斷題。原文最后一段第二句話“Manychaptersare,ofcourse,

inherentlysequentialinnature,butwithinthisgenerallimitationinstructors

shouldbeencouragedtoselectamongthecontentsthosechaptersthatfit

theirneeds,omittingmaterialthatisnotrelevantfortheobjectivesofa

particularcourse”，說明許多章節(jié)是有聯(lián)系的，所以指導(dǎo)者可以跳過一些

不相關(guān)的章節(jié)來滿足需求，可以推斷出教師需要了解章節(jié)之間的聯(lián)系才

能滿足課程的特殊需要，故C項為正確答案。A，B，D項在文中均未提

及。

Passage2

Speedingoffinastolencar,thethiefthinkshehasgotagreatcatch.Butheis

inforanunwelcomesurprise.Thecarisfittedwitharemoteimmobilizer,

andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentermilesawaywillensurethatoncethe

thiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartitagain.

Theideagoeslikethis.Acontrolboxfittedtothecarcontainsamini-

cellphone,amicroprocessorandmemory,andaGPSsatellitepositioning

receiver.Ifthecarisstolen,acodedcellphonesignalwilltellthecontrol

centertoblockthevehicle’senginemanagementsystemandpreventthe

enginebeingrestarted.

IntheUK,asetoftechnicalfixesisalreadymakinglifeharderforcar

thieves.“Thepatternofvehiclecrimehaschanged,”saysMartynRandall,a

securityexpert.Hesaysitwouldonlytakehimafewminutestoteacha

personhowtostealacar,usingabareminimumoftoolsButonlyifthecaris

morethan10yearsold.

Moderncarsarefartoughertosteal,astheirenginemanagementcomputer

won’tallowthemtostartunlesstheyreceiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutby

theignitionkey.IntheUK,technologieslikethishavehelpedachievea31%

dropinvehicle-relatedcrimesince1997.

Butdeterminedcriminalsarestillmanagingtofindotherwaystostealcars,

oftenbygettingholdoftheowner’skeys.Andkeytheftisresponsiblefor

40%ofthetheftsofvehiclesfittedwithatrackingsystem.

Ifthecartravels100meterswithoutthedriverconfirmingtheirID,the

systemwillsendasignaltoanoperationscenterthatithasbeenstolen.The

hundredmetersminimumavoidsfalsealarmsduetoinaccuraciesintheGPS

signal.Staffatthecenterwillthencontacttheownertoconfirmthatthecar

reallyismissing,andkeeppoliceinformedofthevehicle’smovementsvia

thecar’sGPSunit.

5.What’sthefunctionoftheremoteimmobilizerfittedtoacar?

A.Toallowthecartolockautomaticallywhenstolen.

B.Topreventthecarthieffromrestartingitonceitstops.

C.Tohelpthepolicemakeasurpriseattackonthecarthief.

D.Topreventcartheftbysendingaradiosignaltothecarowner.

6.Whatisessentialinmakingamoderncartoughertosteal?

A.AGPSsatellitepositioningreceiver.

B.Aspecialcellphonesignal.

C.AuniqueIDcard.

D.Acodedignitionkey.

7.Whydoesthetrackingsystemseta100-meterminimumbeforesendingan

alarmtotheoperationscenter?

A.Togivethedrivertimetocontacttheoperationscentre.

B.ToallowforpossibleerrorsintheGPSsystem.

C.Tokeeppoliceinformedofthecar’smovements.

D.Toleavetimefortheoperationscentretogiveanalarm.

8.Whatwilltheoperationscentredofirstafterreceivinganalarm?

A.Startthetrackingsystem.

B.Locatethemissingcar.

C.Blockthecarengine.

D.Contactthecarowner.

【答案與解析】

5.B細節(jié)題。原文第一段第二句話“Thecarisfittedwitharemote

immobilizer,andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentermilesawaywillensure

thatoncethethiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartit

again.”說明無線電訊號會確保一旦劫匪關(guān)掉了引擎，他永遠不能再發(fā)動

了，故B項為正確答案。

6.D細節(jié)題。原文第四段第一句話“Moderncarsarefartoughertosteal,as

theirenginemanagementcomputerwon’tallowthemtostartunlessthey

receiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutbytheignitionkey.”意為引擎控制系

統(tǒng)的電腦不允許汽車發(fā)動，除非它們接收到一個由點火鑰匙發(fā)出的唯一

的身份碼，說明點火鑰匙讓現(xiàn)代汽車更難被偷，故D項為正確答案。

7.B細節(jié)題。原文最后一段第二句話“Thehundredmetresminimum

avoidsfalsealarmsduetoinaccuraciesintheGPSsignal.”解釋道設(shè)置最低

一百米的原因是避免GPS信號的不準確導(dǎo)致錯誤的警報，即為了允許

GPS可能發(fā)生的錯誤，故B項為正確答案。

8.D細節(jié)題。原文最后一段最后一句話“Staffatthecentrewillthen

contacttheownertoconfirmthatthecarreallyismissing...”可知中心的員

工會首先聯(lián)系車主確認車輛是否失蹤，故D項為正確答案。

Passage3

ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf’s

assertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationof

knowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.

Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahuman

creation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalas

aphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobotto

producemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.For

abirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthe

purposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandthe

RussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityof

technology;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywent

haywireandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisa

humancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworry

thatwewilluseourtechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvesto

pieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehave

managedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosoin

theyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonour

livesdeservesacloserexamination.

Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthan

thecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecialized

machinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Thereare

thosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthe

samecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrial

Revolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,

wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwas

revolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchanges.Itgaverisetomass

productionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwas

notconfinedtothefew.

Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethe

structureofAmericanlifeparticularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopen

new-possibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrial

Revolutionsupplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimals

bymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthisdevelopmentto

supplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsby

electronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblems

andmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthe

greatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.

9.Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit_____.

A.isusedbothasaculturalandaphysicalobject

B.servesdifferentpurposesequallywell

C.isutilizedbyman

D.canbeofusetobothmanandanimal

10.TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorserve

toshowthat_____.

A.technologyisahumancreation,soweareresponsibleforit

B.ifnotgivencloseexamination,technologycouldbeusedtodestroyour

world

C.technologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbyman

D.beingahumancreation,technologyisliabletoerror

11.Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolution

mainlybecause_____.

A.thecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmind

B.thecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebefore

C.ithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnology

D.ithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety

12.Thepassageisbasedontheauthor’s_____.

A.keeninsightintothenatureoftechnology

B.prejudicedcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolution

C.cautiousanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputers

D.exaggerateddescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnology

【答案與解析】

9.C原文第二段第三句話提到“Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameora

robottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassof

matter”，說明直到人們用矛去捕獲獵物或用機器人去生產(chǎn)機器零件以

前，二者都只不過是硬梆梆的物體而已，也就是說只有這些東西為人類

所用的時候，它們才具有科技含量，故C項為正確答案。

10.D根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞theChallengerandChernobyl定位到第二段第五句話“…

theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywire

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”提到美國挑戰(zhàn)者號航天飛機

的爆炸以及俄羅斯切爾諾貝利核泄露事件證明人類精心計劃的事情會突

然失去控制，并且沒有做好修正它們的準備，也就是說技術(shù)是人為創(chuàng)造

出來的，容易出問題，故D項為正確答案。

11.D第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasrevolutionaryis

thatitledtogreatsocialchanges.”提到，工業(yè)革命之所以是一場革命，主

要原因是工業(yè)革命引發(fā)了巨大的社會變化，可以推斷出計算機是革命的

原因是它對社會有巨大的潛在影響，故D項為正確答案。

12.A主旨題。本題可用排除法。B項中的“懷有偏見的批判”與C中的“人

類思維被電腦取代”在原文找不到作者的相關(guān)觀點；雖然文中提及科技

帶來負面的東西，卻沒有對技術(shù)的負面影響進行夸大的描述，因此D項

也可排除。

Passage4

Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,unalloyed,unslanted,

objectivelyselectedfacts.Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovide

more;itmustsupplyinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.Thisisthemost

importantassignmentconfrontingAmericanjournalism—tomakecleartothe

readertheproblemsoftheday,tomakeinternationalnewsasunderstandable

ascommunitynews,torecognizethatthereisnolongeranysuchthing(with

thepossibleexceptionofsuchscribblingassocietyandclubnews)as“l(fā)ocal”

news,becauseanyeventintheinternationalareahasalocalreactionin

manpowerdraft,ineconomicstrain,interms,indeed,ofourverywayoflife.

Thereisinjournalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyouembarkon

interpretation,youareenteringchoppyanddangerouswaters,theswirling

tidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.

Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshall

confinehimselftothe"facts".Thisinsistenceraisestwoquestions:Whatare

thefacts?And:Arethebarefactsenough?

Astothefirstquery,considerhowaso-called"factual’’storycomesabout.

Thereportercollects,say,fiftyfacts;outofthesefifty,hisspaceallotment

beingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectstheten,whichheconsidersmost

important.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecides

whichofthesetenfactsshallconstitutetheleadofthepiece(Thisisan

importantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirst

paragraph.)ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordetermines

whetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalarge

impact,oronpagetwenty-four,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.

Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called“factual’’or“objective”story,atleast

threejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlikethose

involvedininterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,callingupontheir

generalbackground,andtheir“newsneutralism,”arriveataconclusionasto

thesignificanceofthenews.

Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationofthenewsanditsinterpretation,are

bothobjectiveratherthansubjectiveprocessesasobjective,thatis,asany

humanbeingcanbe.(Noteinpassing:eventhoughcompleteobjectivitycan

neverbeachieved,neverthelesstheidealmustalwaysbethebeacononthe

murkynewschannels.)Ifaneditorisintentonslantingthenews,hecandoit

inotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanbyinterpretation.Hecandoitbythe

selectionofthosefactsthatpropuphisparticularplea.Orhecandoitbythe

payhegivesastory—promotingittopageoneordemotingittopagethirty.

13.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis_____.

A.InterpretingtheNews

B.ChoosingFacts

C.SubjectiveversusObjectiveProcesses

D.EverythingCounts

14.Whydoesthewriterofanarticleselecttenoutof50availablefacts?

A.Thesubjectisnotimportant.

B.Hiseditorisprejudiced.

C.Spaceislimited

D.Heisenteringchoppyanddangerouswaters.

15.Whatistheleasteffectivewayof“slanting”news?

A.Selection.

B.Interpretation.

C.Placement

D.Concentration

16.Whyshouldtheleadsentencepresentthemostimportantfact?

A.Itwillinfluencethereadertocontinue.

B.Itwillbethebestwaytowrite.

C.Somereadersdonotreadbeyondthefirstparagraph.

D.Itwillgratifytheeditor.

【答案與解析】

13.A主旨題。本文首先指出一些人對解讀新聞持批評態(tài)度，接著對這

些人的觀點進行批駁，最后闡述解說新聞領(lǐng)域和提供新聞內(nèi)容一樣都是

客觀過程，可以總結(jié)出文章通篇是關(guān)于解讀新聞，因此A項為正確答

案。

14.C細節(jié)題。原文第四段第二句話“…h(huán)isspaceallotmentbeing

necessarilyrestricted…”說明作者的空間分配是非常受限制的，故C項為

正確答案。

15.B細節(jié)題。原文最后一段倒數(shù)第三句話“Ifaneditorisintenton

slantingthenews,hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanby

interpretation.”說明如果編輯想歪曲新聞，他可以采取比解說更有效的其

他方式，下文也說可以通過選材和選擇版面的方式歪曲新聞，可以看出

解說是最低效的方式，故B項為正確答案。

16.C細節(jié)題。原文第三段括號內(nèi)“Thisisanimportantdecisionbecause

manyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph”說明許多讀者只會

讀文章的第一段，因此文章開頭需要列舉最重要的事實，故C項為正確

答案。

Passage5

Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’s

amazinghow-littlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.Wemayspeak

contemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesof

slaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.Wemaydespisethembecausethey

mistookthesegoingsonforentertainment.Wemayforgivethem

condescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknewno

better.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified?Areweanyless

blood-thirsty?Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuchuniversal

interest?Don’tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywillseesome

violence?Humanbeingsremainasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.Theonly

differencebetweenourselvesandtheRomansisthatwhiletheywerehonest

enoughtoadmitthattheyenjoyedwatchinghungrylionstearingpeopleapart

andeatingthemalive,wefindallsortsofsophisticatedargumentstodefend

sportswhichshouldhavebeenbannedlongage;sportswhicharequiteas

barbarousas,say,publichangingsorbearbaiting.

Itreallyisincrediblethatinthisdayandageweshouldstillallowhuntingor

bull-fighting,thatweshouldbepreparedtositbackandwatchtwomen

battereachothertopulpinaboxingring,thatweshouldberelatively

unmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcarscrashingandbursting

intoflames.Letusnotdeceiveourselves.Anytalkof“thesportingspirit”is

sheerhypocrisy.Peopletakepartinviolentsportsbecauseofthehigh

rewardstheybring.Spectatorsarewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytosee

violence.Aworldheavyweightchampionshipmatch,forinstance,isfront

pagenews.Millionsofpeoplearedisappointedifabigfightisoverintwo

roundsinsteadoffifteen.Theyfeeldisappointmentbecausetheyhavebeen

deprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessingprolongedtortureand

violence.

Whyshouldwebanviolentsportsifpeopleenjoythemsomuch?Youmay

wellask.Theanswerissimple:theyareuncivilized.Forcenturiesmanhas

beentryingtoimprovehimselfspirituallyandemotionallyadmittedlywith

littlesuccess.Butatleastwenolongertoleratethesightmadmencoopedup

incages,orpublicfloggingsofanyofthecountlessotherbarbaricpractices

whichwerecommoninthepast.Prisonsarenolongerthegrimforbidding

placestheyusedtobe.Socialwelfaresystemsareinoperationinmanyparts

oftheworld.Bigeffortsarebeingmadetodistributewealthfairly.These

changeshavecomeaboutnotbecausehumanbeingshavesuddenlyand

unaccountablyimproved,butbecausepositivestepsweretakentochangethe

law.Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveandit

mayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.Ifwebanneddangerousandviolent

sports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.We

wouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.

17.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sopinionofnowadays’

humanbeingsis_____.

A.notveryhigh

B.high

C.contemptuous

D.critical

18.Themainideaofthispassageis_____.

A.tocomparetwodifferentattitudestowardsdangeroussports

B.peoplearewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence

C.viciousanddangeroussportsshouldbebannedbylaw

D.peoplearebloodthirstyinsports

19.ThattheauthormentionstheoldRomansis_____.

A.tocomparetheoldRomanswithtoday’speople

B.togiveanexample

C.toshowhumanbeingsinthepastknewnothingbetter

D.toindicatehumanbeingsareusedtoblood-thirst

20.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis_____.

A.thatwemusttakepositivestepstoimprovesocialwelfaresystem

B.that,bybanningthedangeroussports,wecanimprovethelaw

C.that,bybanningtheviolentsports,wehumanbeingscanimproveour

selves

D.toshowlawisthemaininstrumentofsocialchange

【答案與解析】

17.A態(tài)度題。文章一開始就點出科技巨大進步，而其他方面進展很

少。人們和過去一樣殘忍，并在第二段舉出具體例子。但作者在第三段

談及，好幾個世紀以來，人們一直試圖在精神上和情感上改善自己，在

改變法律上采取了積極的步驟。如果我們禁止危險的暴力體育項目，那

么我們在改善人類方面又前進了一步?？梢钥闯?，作者對人類表達輕蔑

的同時也表達了肯定和希望，故A項為正確答案。

18.C主旨題。作者從古羅馬人欣賞殘忍的體育項目說起，指出現(xiàn)代人

也是嗜血成性，這是不文明，必須制止。最后一段倒數(shù)第三句說“The

lawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexert

greatcivilizinginfluence.”法律是我們社會改革最強大的工具，可以發(fā)揮

強大的文明影響，可以總結(jié)出本文的主旨是墮落而危險的體育項目應(yīng)該

被法律禁止，故C項為正確答案。

19.D作者意圖題。作者提到的意圖可以從第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Human

beingsremainasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.”看出，即說明人類和從前

一樣嗜血，故D項為正確答案。

20.C作者意圖題。作者在最后兩句話說明“Ifwebanneddangerousand

violentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.

Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhuman

beings.”表明用法律禁止危險和暴力的體育活動，人類能夠進步，能夠

認識到暴力對人類來說是暴力及無價值的，故C項為正確答案。

PartⅡVocabularyandStructure(0.5×40=20points)

Directions:Thereare40incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentence

therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbest

completesthesentence.

21.Evidencecameup_____specificsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesas

youngassixmonthsold.

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.whose

【答案】B

【解析】句意：證據(jù)表明，六個月大的嬰兒可以辨認出特殊的聲音。that

引導(dǎo)同位語從句，作為evidence的同位語。

22.Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeone_____fullyconsciousofhow

muchyouvaluehim.

A.doyoubecome

B.thenyoubecome

C.thatyoubecome

D.haveyoubecome

【答案】C

【解析】句意：只有當你快要失去某人的時候你才會完全意識到你有多

看重他。本題考查強調(diào)句，結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis+被強調(diào)部分+that”，因此選擇包

含that的選項。

23.Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,_____theatmosphere.

A.asitis

B.sois

C.thesameas

D.andsois

【答案】B

【解析】句意：就像土壤是地球的一部分一樣，大氣也是。本題考查just

as...so固定搭配，意為“正如……一樣，也……”。so后面的句子要求完

全倒裝。

24.Whiledrivingalongthetreacherousroad,_____.

A.myrightreartireblowout

B.myrightreartirehadablowout

C.Ihadablowoutonmyrightreartire

D.Ihadmyrightreartireblowout

【答案】C

【解析】句意：當沿著危險的道路行駛時，我的右后車胎爆胎了。由于

句子前半句省略了主語，說明主句與從句應(yīng)一致，均為“I”，排除A，B

項。havesth.done意為“使某物發(fā)生什么事”，代入原句“我使右后車胎爆

胎了”意思不符，排除D項，故C項為正確答案。

25.JeanWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-American

poetryishisinsistencethat_____inareligious,aswellasworldlyframeof

reference.

A.istobeanalyzed

B.hasbeenanalyzed

C.beanalyzed

D.shouldhavebeenanalyzed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：讓·瓦格納對于美非詩歌最經(jīng)久不衰的貢獻是，他堅持詩

歌應(yīng)被從宗教以及世俗的參考框架分析。本題考查should類虛擬語氣。

insistence表示建議、要求，其后的賓語從句應(yīng)采用（should）do的形

式，即（should）beanalyzed，并省略should變?yōu)閎eanalyzed。

26._____thereislittlewecandotomodifytheweather,wecanatleast

knowwhatkindofweathertoexpect.

A.Since

B.When

C.While

D.Unless

【答案】C

【解析】句意：雖然我們不能改變天氣，但我們至少可以知道去期待哪

種天氣。while雖然。since因為；自……以來。when當……的時候。

unless除非。

27.John’sscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he____lastnight.

A.muststudy

B.shouldhavestudied

C.musthavestudied

D.issuretostudy

【答案】C

【解析】句意：約翰在這次測試中拿了全班最高分；他昨晚一定努力學(xué)

習了。本題情態(tài)動詞的完成式表示對于過去的肯定推測。musthave

done表示“過去一定做了某事”；shouldhavedone表示“過去本應(yīng)該做某

事，但實際上并未做。”

28.Frankalmostneverreceivedanyeducation,_____?

A.wouldhe

B.didhe

C.didn’the

D.wouldn’the

【答案】B

【解析】句意：弗蘭克幾乎沒接受任何教育，難道他有嗎？前半句是含

有否定副詞never的一般過去時的句子，由于主句為否定形式，所以反

義疑問句用肯定形式，謂語動詞received為行為動詞的過去式，因此后

半句用did與之保持一致。

29.Evenifhisletter_____tomorrow,it_____toolatetodoanything.

A.willarrive,is

B.shouldarrive,were

C.arrives,willbe

D.arrives,wouldbe

【答案】C

【解析】句意：即使他的信明天到了，一切也都遲了。本題考查條件狀

語從句的時態(tài)。在條件句中表示現(xiàn)在將來的時間需要用一般現(xiàn)在時

arrives，主句中使用將來時willbe。

30.Wecanhear_____fromthebackoftheroom.

A.justasgood

B.justaseasy

C.justaswell

D.easilyaswell

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我們在教室后面也能聽得清楚。just表示程度，意為“剛

好”；aswell意為“也；同樣地”，副詞短語修飾動詞hear。

31.Child_____sheis,thegirlisquiteindependent.

A.like

B.when

C.for

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】句意：這個女孩雖然是個孩子，但已經(jīng)很獨立了。as引導(dǎo)讓步

狀語從句時，從句常用倒裝語序。原句為Assheisachild，根據(jù)倒裝結(jié)

構(gòu)名詞/形容詞/副詞/分詞/動詞原形+as+主語+動詞，將句子改寫為Child

assheis。

32.Thesephotoswillshowyou_____.

A.whatdoesouruniversitylooklike

B.whatouruniversitylookslike

C.howdoesouruniversitylooklike

D.howouruniversitylookslike

【答案】B

【解析】句意：這些照片會向你展示我們大學(xué)的樣子。賓語從句都使用

陳述語序，排除A，C項。what在賓語從句中作為like的賓語，how只能

作狀語，不能作為like的賓語，排除D項。

33.IguessPatriciawillinvite_____youwant.

A.whomever

B.whatever

C.whoever

D.whichever

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我猜帕特麗夏會邀請任何你想邀請的人。由于橫線處指

代被邀請的人，排除B，D項。由于橫線處位于謂語動詞invite的后面，

應(yīng)采用whoever的賓格形式whomever。

34.Toobtainasatisfactoryresult,onemustapplytwo_____ofpaintona

cleansurface.

A.coats

B.levels

C.times

D.courses

【答案】A

【解析】句意：為了得到滿意的結(jié)果，一個人必須在趕緊的表面上涂兩

層顏料。coat覆蓋物；層。

35.WeexpectMr.Whitewill_____ClassOnewhenMissJaneretires.

A.takeover

B.takeup

C.takeoff

D.taketo

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我們期待懷特先生能在簡女士退休之后接管一班。take

over接管；接收。takeup拿起；開始從事；占據(jù)(時間，地方)。takeoff

起飛；脫下；離開。taketo喜歡；走向；開始從事。

36.Theriverwaterwas_____fromitsoldcourseintoanewchannelwhere

theywerebuildingthedam.

A.turned

B.switched

C.shifted

D.diverted

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在修筑這個水壩時，河流由舊水道被改道進入新的水

道。divert意為河流、公路等的“轉(zhuǎn)向”。turn轉(zhuǎn)動，旋轉(zhuǎn)。switch轉(zhuǎn)軌，

轉(zhuǎn)意。shift移動，轉(zhuǎn)換。

37.Hewas_____withthepowerofacuteobservation.

A.conferred

B.endowed

C.equipped

D.bestowed

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他具有敏銳的觀察力。endow意為“賦予”，后接with。

confer...on授予，給予……。equip...with裝備，配備……。bestow...on授

予，贈予。

38.Please_____meonthatsubject.

A.enlighten

B.acquaint

C.inform

D.instruct

【答案】A

【解析】句意：請給我講講那個問題。enlightensb.onsth.教導(dǎo)某人某

事，使某人明白某事。instructsb.insth.教，教導(dǎo)某人某事。acquaint用

于短語acquaintsb.with，意為“使某人知道，使某人熟悉”。inform用于

短語informsb.ofsth.，意為“告知某人某事”。

39.Thesecurityguard_____twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.

A.expelled

B.propelled

C.repelled

D.dispelled

【答案】A

【解析】句意：警衛(wèi)把兩個在法庭上喊叫的男人趕了出去。expel趕走。

propel意為“推進，推動”，相當于pushforward。repel擊退，排斥，拒

絕。dispel驅(qū)散(云霧