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Aspen
Plus高級(jí)班2023/10/12石油煉制過(guò)程的模擬高級(jí)精餾在化工領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用2023/10/12RADFRAC單元操作模型的應(yīng)用、收斂方法和參數(shù)的選??;三相蒸餾、萃取蒸餾、共沸蒸餾和反應(yīng)蒸餾等特殊蒸餾過(guò)程的模擬;電解質(zhì)過(guò)程的模擬等。石油煉制過(guò)程的模擬方法2023/10/12以一套典型的常減壓裝置為主線,講授下列5部分內(nèi)容:油品餾程分析數(shù)據(jù)的處理;初餾塔的模擬計(jì)算;常壓塔的模擬計(jì)算;減壓塔的模擬計(jì)算;計(jì)算原油中所含雜質(zhì)硫在各種產(chǎn)品中的分布。掌握如下新的內(nèi)容:2023/10/221)石油煉制過(guò)程蒸餾單元的模擬步驟;2)流程模擬軟件中石油餾份的特殊處理方法;3)
掌握PETROFRAC單元操作模型的使用;4)產(chǎn)品中雜質(zhì)分布的計(jì)算。復(fù)習(xí):建立流程模擬模型的基本步驟2023/10/22確定模擬范圍,繪制模擬流程圖;將已知條件輸入相應(yīng)表格:SETUPCOMPONENTSPROPERTIESSTREAMSBLOKS。運(yùn)行模擬計(jì)算檢查結(jié)果油品分析和虛擬組分目標(biāo):學(xué)習(xí)輸入石油分析數(shù)據(jù),創(chuàng)建調(diào)和組分(油品混合),以及表征石油餾分Aspen
Plus
參考資料:User
Guide,
Chapter
6,
Specifying
ComponentsUser
Guide,
Chapter
32,
Petroleum
AssaysandPseudocomponents本章概況表征石油流體的挑戰(zhàn)油品餾程數(shù)據(jù)和性質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù)的輸入蒸餾曲線的轉(zhuǎn)換生成虛擬組分油品調(diào)和用戶自定義的虛擬組分2023/10/22石油的表征2023/10/22石油是烴類化合物和雜質(zhì)組成的寬沸程的混合物.石油或石油餾分的性質(zhì)取決于它們的組成,但是其組成難以定量分析石油用虛擬組分(pseudocomponents)來(lái)表征,虛擬組分是蒸餾曲線上較小的片斷.每一個(gè)虛擬組分的基本性質(zhì)由下列關(guān)聯(lián)式來(lái)計(jì)算:分子量(MW)正常沸點(diǎn)(TBP)重度或者Watson
UOP
KAssays
和Blends
組分Assay
Data(TBP,D86)PseudocomponentsAssay-1Assay-2BlendPseudocomponents2023/10/22輸入輸出輸入油品餾程分析數(shù)據(jù)在Data
Browser下面,選擇Components,
然后選Assay-Blend.在Assay-Blend
目標(biāo)管理器下,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)assay
并且提供一個(gè)名稱(ID).
在BasicData\DistCurve表中,輸入蒸餾曲線數(shù)據(jù).在BasicData\DistCurve表中,輸入油品重度,或者在BasicData\Gravity/UOPK表中,輸入重度曲線或UOPK曲線數(shù)據(jù).虛擬組分將在模擬計(jì)算之初自動(dòng)生成.2023/10/22ASSAY組分的表征2023/10/22輸入蒸餾曲線蒸餾曲線分割為很多個(gè)片段(TBP
Cutpoints)每一個(gè)片段生成一個(gè)虛擬組分每一個(gè)虛擬組分的性質(zhì)以下列參數(shù)的平均值為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行估算:分子量(MW)正常沸點(diǎn)(NBP)密度或比重(API
or
SG)虛擬組分的流率在流股結(jié)果表中報(bào)告.Assay組分BasicData\DistCurve
表2023/10/22重度的規(guī)定2023/10/22油品整體重度比重API
重度重度曲線比重API
重度API=141.5/SG-131.5Watson
UOPK
曲線
NBP=(UOPK*SG)3Assay組分BasicData\Gravity/UOPK
表2023/10/22蒸餾曲線2023/10/22蒸餾曲線類型:–
ASTM
D86,
D1160,
D2887實(shí)沸點(diǎn)蒸餾曲線(TBP)(重量或體積基準(zhǔn))真空蒸餾曲線(重量或體積基準(zhǔn))每一個(gè)蒸餾曲線至少需要輸入4個(gè)點(diǎn).報(bào)告中的蒸餾曲線為:ASTM
D86ASTM
D1160Vacuum
(liquid
volume)油品分析數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算程序Version
9
或更新的版本Version
8
或更老的版本蒸餾曲線轉(zhuǎn)換方法ASTM
D86
至實(shí)沸點(diǎn)(True
boiling
point)EdmisterEdmister-OkamotaPMLD2887
至True
boiling
pointAPI87API94TBPWT2023/10/22蒸餾曲線計(jì)算方法曲線處理選項(xiàng)初餾點(diǎn)(Initial
boiling
point)0.5%(缺省)終餾點(diǎn)(Final
boiling
point)99%
(default)外延方法Probability(缺省)Quadratic鋸齒段擬合方法Harwell(缺省)Hermite?曲線處理選項(xiàng)在Components\PetroCharacterization\AnalysisOptions\AssayProcedure表上.2023/10/22蒸餾曲線計(jì)算方法(續(xù))虛擬組分從油品分析數(shù)據(jù)生成.
你可以規(guī)定切割溫度或切割片段(窄餾份)的寬度.Components\PetroCharacterization\Generation\Cuts表上,規(guī)定切割溫度等.缺省值是40個(gè)切割點(diǎn):2023/10/22TBP
Range(F)No.
of
CutsIncrements(F)100
-
8002825800
-
12008501200
-
16004100切割溫度蒸餾曲線的切割2023/10/22虛擬組分性質(zhì)用Watson/UOP
“K”和API關(guān)聯(lián)式估算:典型地10
<
UOPK
<
13此處
10.0
表示芳烴含量很高13.0
表示烷烴含量很高2023/10/22所生成虛擬組分的命名2023/10/22Components\PetroCharacterization\Generation
規(guī)定命名選項(xiàng)自動(dòng)生成的名稱可以是:實(shí)際計(jì)算出來(lái)的NBP(如:PC864F)沸程下限溫度(如:PC800F)沸程上限溫度(如:PC900F)用戶選擇的順序號(hào)(如:PC1,PC2…)用戶定義的名稱附加的ASSAY組分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)2023/10/22可選的性質(zhì)曲線:輕端組分分析(light-ends
matching)比重或者API重度曲線Watson
UOPK
曲線分子量曲線性質(zhì)曲線(多于30種性質(zhì))絕對(duì)&動(dòng)力粘度曲線如果輸入油品整體性質(zhì),單獨(dú)的曲線數(shù)值被歸一到整體性質(zhì).可以應(yīng)用用戶性質(zhì)曲線Assays組分的用戶性質(zhì)曲線在表格Properties\Advanced\UserProperties
上,建立用戶性質(zhì)曲線.在表格中激活A(yù)ssay
Curve
properties
選項(xiàng)在表格Component\Assay/Blend\PropertyCurve上,輸入用戶性質(zhì)曲線的數(shù)據(jù)。對(duì)于高度非線性調(diào)和現(xiàn)象,如馬達(dá)法辛烷值,建議使用用戶調(diào)和子程序。2023/10/22性質(zhì)曲線的流股計(jì)算2023/10/22性質(zhì)曲線被切割為與虛擬組分同樣多的片段。為每一個(gè)片段計(jì)算出平均的性質(zhì)數(shù)值流股的性質(zhì)數(shù)值由虛擬組分以及它們?cè)诹鞴芍械臐舛茸稣{(diào)和計(jì)算得出計(jì)算虛擬組分混合物的性質(zhì),有各種調(diào)和計(jì)算選項(xiàng)。石油性質(zhì)的調(diào)和2023/10/22石油性質(zhì)調(diào)和方法:標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體積(StdVol)摩爾(Mole)質(zhì)量(Mass)用戶(User)用于性質(zhì)計(jì)算的用戶調(diào)和子程序:用戶子程序名稱為BLDPPU.“調(diào)和選項(xiàng)”可以規(guī)定.性質(zhì)可以外延與否.在Components\PetroCharacterization\Analysis
Options\BlendOptions\上,調(diào)和規(guī)則可以修改。Assay(石油)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)2023/10/22軟件內(nèi)置的Assay
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),包含194
種石油的分析數(shù)據(jù),其中有:-來(lái)自Phillips石油數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的10
種石油-來(lái)自文獻(xiàn)的184種石油在ComponentSpecifications\Petroleum表,查找Assay
庫(kù)文件。和Phillips
Petroleum
石油分析數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的接口,其中收集了超過(guò)250種石油的數(shù)據(jù)**
需要與Phillips
Petroleum簽訂License協(xié)議。Assay(石油)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)2023/10/22每一種石油至少提供如下信息:餾程分析重度和/或重度曲線某些石油有附加的性質(zhì)曲線:苯胺點(diǎn)閃點(diǎn)凝固點(diǎn)硫含量金屬含量硫醇研究法/馬達(dá)法辛烷值烷烴環(huán)烷烴芳烴雷諾蒸汽壓訪問(wèn)Assay數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)2023/10/22創(chuàng)建Blends組分2023/10/22通過(guò)規(guī)定blend
中每個(gè)assay
的百分?jǐn)?shù),由assay創(chuàng)建blend.調(diào)和可以是Mole,Mass,
或StdVol基準(zhǔn).要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)blend,至少規(guī)定2個(gè)assay組分.一個(gè)blend中的assay的數(shù)量沒(méi)有上限.報(bào)告中的蒸餾曲線為:ASTM
D86ASTM
D1160Vacuum
(liquid
volume)輸入Blend組分在數(shù)據(jù)瀏覽器Data
Browser,選擇組分Components,
然后選擇Assay-Blend.In
the
Assay-Blend
目標(biāo)管理器,創(chuàng)建一個(gè)blend
并且提供名稱(ID).在Mixture\Specifications表上,輸入各
assay
組分的調(diào)和分?jǐn)?shù).虛擬組分將在模擬計(jì)算之初自動(dòng)生成.2023/10/22Blend組分之Mixture\Specifications表2023/10/22Assay/Blend
結(jié)果Assay/blend
的計(jì)算結(jié)果可以在表格Components\Assay-Blend
Results查看.每一個(gè)assay
或blend
組分有自己?jiǎn)为?dú)的結(jié)果表格(results
form).2023/10/22Generation\Cuts
表格2023/10/22虛擬組分的生成2023/10/22缺省情況,一套完整的虛擬組分由輸入的所有assay組分生成.在表格Components\Petro
Characterization\Generation\Specifications上,用戶可以規(guī)定生成虛擬組分時(shí),包括/不包括特別的assay.只有在表格Generation\Specifications上選出的
assays和blends
,才用于生成虛擬組分。在表格
Generation\Specifications上未選用的Assays
or
blends,將不被使用,
它們的IDs
不在流股輸入表格上顯示.虛擬組分命名2023/10/22虛擬組分的命名約定計(jì)算出的沸點(diǎn)(例如:PC125,PC136,…)規(guī)定起始編號(hào)切割溫度上限(例如:將225-250F
窄餾份命名為PC250)切割溫度下限(例如:將225-250F
窄餾份命名為PC225)用戶定義的名稱列表在表格Components\PetroCharacterization\Generation\Naming
Options上,規(guī)定命名約定.如果你要將Aspen
Plus
生成的虛擬組分與反應(yīng)器或者分離模塊關(guān)聯(lián),應(yīng)使用用戶定義的名稱列表。Generation\NamingOptions表格2023/10/221.在表格Components\Specifications\Selection上,2023/10/22輸入組分IDs
并且選擇Pseudocomponent類型。在表格
Components\Pseudocomponents\Specifications
上,至少提供下列參數(shù)中的兩個(gè):正常沸點(diǎn)NBP,重度Gravity(Specific
gravity,
API
gravity,
or
Liquiddensity),分子量Molecular
weight?Aspen
Plus可以估算第3性質(zhì).可選地,輸入與溫度相關(guān)的性質(zhì)數(shù)據(jù):液相粘度Liquid
viscosity水溶解度Water
solubility飽和蒸汽壓Vapor
pressure定義用戶虛擬組分虛擬組分規(guī)定表格2023/10/22虛擬組分物性方法2023/10/22方法名稱描述ASPEN
(default)API-METHCOAL-LIQLKAPI-TWUAPI
procedure
with
Aspen
modificationsAPI
procedureCorrelations
for
coal-liquid
fractionsLee
Kesler
correlationsAPI
procedure
with
Twu
correlationsfor
critical
properties注意:
不要將虛擬組分物性方法與流程模擬物性方法混淆,前者只是用于虛擬組分石油性質(zhì)參數(shù)的計(jì)算。虛擬組分計(jì)算結(jié)果生成的虛擬組分在表格Components\
PetroCharacterization\Results上瀏覽檢查。2023/10/22表格Analysis
Options\Assay
Procedure2023/10/22石油性質(zhì)模型2023/10/22基本的虛擬組分性質(zhì)模型分子量Molecular
Weight臨界溫度Critical
Temperature臨界壓力Critical
Pressure臨界體積Critical
Volume偏心因子Accentric
Factor飽和蒸汽壓Vapor
Pressure液相摩爾體積Liquid
Molar
Volume水溶解度Water
Solubility粘度Viscosity基本的虛擬組分性質(zhì)模型可以在表格
Components\Petro
Characterization\PropertiesMethods\Basic
上修改。石油性質(zhì)模型(續(xù))2023/10/22虛擬組分熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)模型理想氣體熱容Ideal
Gas
Heat
Capacity汽化焓Enthalpy
of
Vaporization標(biāo)準(zhǔn)生成焓Standard
Enthalpy
of
Formation標(biāo)準(zhǔn)生成自由能Standard
Free
Energy
of
Formation?基本的虛擬組分性質(zhì)模型可以在表格Components\Petro
Characterization\PropertiesMethods\Thermodynamic上修改.石油性質(zhì)模型(續(xù))2023/10/22虛擬組分狀態(tài)方程(EOS)性質(zhì)模型RKS
Interaction
ParametersBWR
Orientation
ParameterBWR
Critical
TemperatureBWR
Critical
Volume基本的虛擬組分性質(zhì)模型可以在表格
Components\Petro
Characterization\Properties
Methods\EOS上修改.石油交互作用參數(shù)2023/10/22虛擬組分與下列常規(guī)組分的交互作用參數(shù)Kijs:H2SN2CO2COH2CH4物性方法的修改用戶可以建立自己的虛擬組分石油性質(zhì)方法.各種性質(zhì)的計(jì)算模型可以改變.大多數(shù)虛擬組分性質(zhì)可以應(yīng)用子程序.在線幫助中有每一種性質(zhì)方法的簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明2023/10/22流程模擬計(jì)算2023/10/22在流程模擬計(jì)算期間,不區(qū)分虛擬組分和真實(shí)組分.產(chǎn)品流股中的虛擬組分調(diào)和在一起,并且生成蒸餾曲線產(chǎn)品終餾點(diǎn)(即D86
95%point)
或者初餾點(diǎn)
(D86
5%point)
可以規(guī)定為單元操作的性能指標(biāo):塔內(nèi)部的設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)定用于其它單元操作的外部設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)定檢查蒸餾塔各產(chǎn)品之間的分離效果(重疊度)2023/10/22Petroleum
Properties
and
Property
SetsObjective:Become
familiar
with
petroleum
properties
andlearn
the
use
of
stream
analysisAspen
Plus
References:User
Guide,
Chapter
32,
Petroleum
AssaysandPseudocomponentsPetroleum
Properties2023/10/22Reid
vapor
pressureAPI
and
specific
gravityWatson
UOP
K
factorAniline
pointPour
pointFlash
pointCetane
numberCarbon
to
hydrogen
ratioGross
heating
valuePetroleum
Properties
(Continued)2023/10/22Mean
and
volume
average
boiling
pointHydrate
formation
pressure
and
temperatureRefractive
indexLiquid
viscosity
indexD86
temperatures
at
(0,
5,
10,
…95%)D1160
temperatures
at
(0,
5,
10,
…95%)D2887
temperatures
at
(0,
5,
10,
…95%)TBP
temperaturesVacuum
temperaturesPetroleum
Properties
(Continued)Properties
(curves)
from
Assay
AnalysisPointsAniline,
cloud,
flash,
freeze,
smokeContentsAromatic,
olefin,
paraffin,
naphthalene,
mercaptanC,
H,
O,
NImpurities: S,
V,
Fe,
NiIndices:Antiknock,
vapor
knock,
refractive,
warm-upNumbers:Motor
and
research
octaneLuminometerViscosity?
Generally
input
curves
for
assays
to
generatethese
curves
for
p2r02o3/d10u/22ct
streams
is
needed.Distillation
Curves2023/10/22Volume
and
weight
basisASTM
D86ASTM
D1160ASTM
D2887
(weight
percent
only)VacuumTBPAPI
GravityGravityMWProperty
Sets2023/10/22A
property
set
(Prop-Set)
is
a
way
of
accessing
acollection,
or
set,
of
properties
as
an
object
with
auser-givenname. Only
the
name
of
the
property
setis
referenced
when
using
the
properties
inanapplication.Use
property
sets
to
report
thermodynamic,
transport,and
other
property
values.Current
property
set
applications
include:Design
specifications,
Fortran
blocks,
sensitivityStreamreportsPhysical
property
tables
(Property
Analysis)Tray
properties
(RadFrac,
PetroFrac,
etc.)Heating/cooling
curves
(Flash2,
MHeatX,
etc.)Properties
included
inProp-Sets2023/10/22Properties
commonly
included
in
property
sets
include:API -
APIgravitySGSTD -
Standard
specific
gravity
(60
F,
1
atm)REIDVP
-
Reid
vapor
pressureD86TMUMXD86
temperatureViscosityAvailable
properties
include:Thermodynamic
properties
of
components
in
a
mixturePure
component
thermodynamic
propertiesTransport
propertiesElectrolyte
propertiesPetroleum-related
propertiesReference:
Aspen
Plus
Physical
Property
Data
Reference
Manual,
Chapter4,Property
Sets
has
a
complete
list
of
properties
that
can
be
included
in
aproperty
set.Defining
Property
Sets2023/10/22Specifications
for a
property
set
include:Property
name
and
unitsTemperature
and
pressure
at
whichtocalculateInclude
or
exclude
waterphase
qualifier
(V,
L,
L1,
L2,
T,
S)Specifying
Property
SetsUse
the
Properties
Prop-Sets
form
tospecifyproperties
in
a
property
set.used
to
search
for
a?
The
Search
button
canproperty.beAll
specified
qualifiers
apply
to
each
propertyspecified,
where
applicable.Users
can
define
new
properties
on
the
PropertiesAdvanced
User-Propertiesform
by
providing
a
Fortransubroutine.2023/10/22Predefined
PropertySetsSome
simulation
Templates
contain
predefinedproperty
sets.The
following
table
lists
predefined
propertysets
and
the
types
of
properties
they
contain
forthe
General
Template:2023/10/22Predefined
PetroleumProp-Sets
(Continued)2023/10/22Predefined
Prop-Sets
with
the
PetroleumApplication
template:PREDEFINEDPROPERTY
SETTYPES
OF
PROPERTIESCUTS
-
EVolumetric
flow
rate
of
petroleum
cuts
at
100F
intervalsD86
-
5ASTM
D86
temperature
at
5%
liquid
volume
distilledD86
-
95ASTM
D86
temperature
at
95%
liquid
volume
distilledGAS
-PROPSCompressibility,
volumetric
flow
rate,
heat
capacity
ratioKINVISCLiquid
kinematic
viscosity
at
100F
and
212FLIGHTPetroleum
characteristics
for
light
distillatesMIDDLEPetroleum
characteristics
for
middle
distillatesPETROVolumetric
flowrate,
gravity,
Watson
K,
distillation
curvesTBP-5True
boiling
point
temp.
at
5%
liquid
volume
distilledTBP-95True
boiling
point
temp.
at
95%
liquid
volume
distilledPetroleum
Prop-SetsMost
petroleum
properties
are
calculatedfrom
input
property
curves.Some
petroleum
properties
are
calculatedfrom
correlations(FLSH-API,
POUR-API)Properties
are
accessed
and
usedinexactly
the
same
way
as
otherprop-setproperties2023/10/22Stream
Results
OptionsOn
the
Setup
Report
Options
Stream
sheet,use:Flow
Basis
and
Fraction
Basis
check-boxes
to
specify
howstream
composition
is
reportedProperty
Sets
button
to
specify
names
of
propertysetscontaining
additional
properties
to
be
reported
for
eachstream2023/10/22Prop-sets
DiscussionGive
two
reasons
that
a
property
set
isneeded.How
do
you
define
a
property
set?A
user
defined
aprop-set
for
viscosityand
then
ran
thesimulation. Afterthesimulation
was
complete,
he
opened
thestream
results. To
his
surprise,
he
did
notsee
viscosity. What
happened?2023/10/22PetroFracObjective:Introduce
the
features
of
the
PetroFracmodel
and
its
use
in
simulating
a
crudetowerAspen
Plus
References:Unit
Operation
Models
Reference
Manual,
ChapterCharacteristics
of
Refining
ProcessWide
boiling
range
fluidsLarge
temperature
gradients
along
columnMost
fluid
compositions
are
unknownbuttheir
distillation
analysis
is
knownThree
phase
with
free
waterSide
strippers
and
pumparoundsPetroleum
specific
physical
propertiesHigh
degree
of
heat
integrationMetal
and
sulfur
contents2023/10/22Petroleum
Refining
Applications2023/10/22PetroFrac
is
a
distillation
model
specificallydesigned
for
petroleum
refining
applications:preflash
towercrude
unitvacuum
unitvacuum
lube
fractionatorFCC
main
fractionatordelayed
coker
main
fractionatorquench
tower/primary
fractionatorPetroFrac
Features2023/10/22Integration
of
furnace,
column,
side
stripper
andpumparoundADA/PCS
for
assay
input,
crude
blend
andbreakdownConversion
between
different
ASTM
curvesUser
specification
of
cutsPetroleum
oriented
specificationsTray
and
packing
sizing
and
ratingOther
featuresInitialization
and
convergenceExample
Crude
TowerGASDECANTWATERNAPHTHAJET
FUELKEROSENEDIESELGASOILRESID
CRUDE
FEEDSTEAM2023/10/22PetroFrac
-
ConnectivityVapor
DistillateBottomsFeedsFeeds
OverflashPumparoundPumparoundLiq
ReturnStripper
BottomsSide
ProductsLiquid
DistillateWater
Distillate2023/10/22
Overhead
FeedHeatBottom
StageorReboiler
Heat
DutyTop
Stage
orCond.
HeatDutyHeat
orReboilerHeatDutySteam
FeedPetroFrac
-
Flowsheet
ConnectivityAny
number
of
pumparounds
and
sidestrippersSteam
or
reboiler
strippersStripper
hot
liquid
returnMultiple
feeds
to
strippersTotal
pumparound
and
product
drawoffsInterstage
water
decantersHeat
streams
for
pumparound
coolersPseudostreams2023/10/22PetroFrac
-
ModelSpecifications2023/10/22Setup
form
(required) Number
of
stages Condenser
and
ReboilerDistillate
rate,
Bottoms
rate,
Condenser
duty,Reboiler
duty,
or
Reflux
RatioFeed/Product
(required)Feed
convention:
furnace,
on-stage,
above-stagePres-Profile
(required)PumparoundsStrippersPetroFrac
-
Pumparound
Specifications2023/10/22Draw
and
return
stage
locations
(required)For
total
drawoffs,
specify
one
of
thefollowing:return
temperaturetemperature
change
(negative
if
cooled)duty
(negative
if
cooled)For
partial
drawoffs,
specify
liquid
flowrateand
one
of
theabove.PetroFrac
-
Side
Stripper
Specifications2023/10/22Stage
NumberFor
each
stripper,
the
trays
are
numberedfromtop
to
bottom
starting
with
stage
1.SteamStripperSpecifying
a
steam-to-product
ratio
willoverride
the
steam
flow
rate.Reboiler
StripperSpecify
a
reboiler
duty.PetroFrac
-
Side
Stripper2023/10/22ConventionsLiquid
draw
always
goes
to
the
stripper
topstage.Vapor
always
returns
to
the
main
columnOther
SpecificationsA
fraction
of
the
stripper
bottoms
can
bereturned
to
the
main
columnMultiple
drawoffs
from
different
stages
as
feedsto
the
same
stripper
are
allowedPetroFrac
-
Other
Specifications2023/10/22Steam
to
product
flow
ratio
(mass)Feed
overflashFurnace
outlet
temperatureLiquid
runback
from
a
stageASTM
temps
and
gapsPetroleum
properties
(RVP,
flash
point,
pour
point,etc…)Murphree
efficiencyMultiple
property
option
specificationsFree
water
calcs
in
the
condenser
or
on
all
trays–
Blocks
PetroFrac
Properties
form
to
specify
internal
stageschecked
for
free
water
-
condenser
is
checked
automaticallyTray/packingPetroFrac
-
Design
Specifications2023/10/22Meet
product
property
by
varying:stripping
steam
flow
rate/reboiler
dutyproduct
flow
ratepumparound
flow
rate
or
return
temperaturefurnace
temperatureMeet
a
particular
stage
temperaturebyvarying:furnace
outlet
temperaturepumparound
flow
rate
or
return
temperatureMeet
product
flow
rate
by
varying:furnace
outlet
temperaturePetroFrac
-
Definitions2023/10/22RunbackLiquid
flow
rate
from
a
stage
to
a
lower
stage,equivalent
to
stage
liquid
flow
rate
lesssidedrawsThe
Runback
form
is
used
to
specify
therunback
from
a
stage. The
manipulatedvariable
is
the
pumparound
duty
or
flowrateLiquid
FlowIn
PetroFrac,
stage
liquid
flow
reported
inthetray
profile
is
the
sum
of
runback,
side
draw,and
pumparound.In
RadFrac,
stage
liquid
flow
excludes
any
sideproduct
draw
and
pumparound.Outside
LoopPhysical
Properties
(ai,
KB,
HV,
HL)Inside
Loopcmi
=cmi
outyi
=Ki
xi
xi
=
1.0,
yi
=
1.0
Hi
in
=
Hi
outl,
v,
x,
y,L
=
li,
V
=
viTInside
loop
solved
byNewton
method
withor
withoutlog-leg2023/10/22PetroFrac
-
ConvergenceSum-Rates
variant
of
the
inside-outalgorithmPetroFrac
-
Convergence2023/10/22Algorithm:
sum-rates
variant
of
the
inside-outInitialization:
designed
for
refiningapplicationTo
enhance
convergence:provide
column/stripper
temperature
estimatesvary
convergence
damping
factors
to
enhancestabilitychange
design
specificationsPetroFrac
-
Summary2023/10/22PetroFrac
combines
Furnace,
Column,
Pumparound,
andSidestripper
into
one
model
which
makes
the
simulation
easy
tosetup
and
converge.Feed
characteristics
can
be
user
input
or
from
the
assay
library.Multiple
feeds
can
be
blended
to
create
a
feed
mixture.Additional
properties
of
a
particular
product
can
be
reportedbyadding
property
sets.Runback
from
a
stage
is
the
liquid
flow
rate
leaving
the
stageand
entering
the
stage
below. Runback
and
liquid
flow
can
bedifferent.Most
crude
towers
do
not
have
a
reboiler
at
the
bottom.
Eitherthe
bottom
steam
rate
or
the
furnace
duty
is
varied
to
meet
theenergy
requirement
(energybalance).PetroFrac
-
Discussion2023/10/22RadFrac
and
MultiFrac
can
also
be
used
to
simulate
the
crudetower. Why
choosePetroFrac?
If
you
have
the
characteristics
of
all
the
products,
but
not
thecrude,
how
do
you
ru
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