Unit6SectionB發(fā)明物寫作講義人教版九年級英語全冊

九上u6發(fā)明物CyclingtowardaclimatesolutionWhilepedaling(踩踏板)hardonabike,doyoufeellikeyouaresavingtheplanet?Ordoyoujustfeeloutofbreath?Infact,cyclingisnowconsideredoneoftheultimateweaponshumanitycanuseinthefightagainstclimatechange.TheUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblypassedaresolutioninMarchsupportingbicyclesasatoolfordealingwithclimatechange.Theresolutioncallsonmemberstatesto“integratethebicycleintopublictransportation,inurbanandruralsettingsindevelopinganddevelopedcountries”,withall193membersoftheUNunanimously(一致同意地)adoptingtheresolution.Thisdecisionhasreceivedapositiveresponsefromnumerousgroupsinsupportofcyclingandenvironmentalawareness(意識)internationally.“Itisanimportantsteptowardtherecognition(認(rèn)可)ofcyclingasanimportantmodeoftransport,”saidtheEuropeanCyclists’Federation.TheresolutionfromtheUNesatatimewhenclimatechangehasreturnedtothecenterofglobalattention.OnFeb28,theUNpublishedanewreportassessingrecentclimatechangetrends.Thereportwarnsthattheglobalaveragetemperaturewillriseby1.5Cabovepreindustrial(工業(yè)化前的)levels(18501900),withmorethan40percentoftheworld’spopulationbeing“highlyvulnerable(脆弱的)”tothesetemperaturechanges.Cyclingisanenvironmentallyfriendlymodeoftransport.Choosingtotakeabikeinsteadofacarjustonceadaycanreduceaperson’scarbonemissions(排放)fromtransportby67percent,accordingtoaresearchbytheUniversityofOxford.Theresearchalsofoundthatcyclistsproduced84percentlowerCO2emissionsfromalldailytravelthannoncyclists.Cyclinghasgrowninpopularityasmuters(通勤者)wishtostayawayfromcrowdedpublictransportandalsoliketakinganyopportunitytoexercise.Cyclingculturehasbeenfurtherboostedwiththeimpactofthepandemic.InMay2020,bikesalesinSpainincreased22fold(22倍)paredwith2019.InLondon,largepartsofthecityarebeingclosedofftocarssothatpeoplecanwalkandcyclesafely.CitieslikeBerlinandMontrealhavealsoaddednew,widerbikelanes(車道).Moreimportantly,theresolutionfocusesonbikesharingservices,whichcouldbeseenasrecognitionofChina’sbikesharingsuccess,notedCGTN.Chinahassomeofthelargestbikesharingsystemsintheworld.Thecountryhasmorethan360citieswithdockless(無樁的)bikesharingsystems,withnearly20millionbicyclesforanaverage47milliontripseachday,accordingtoChina’sMinistryofTransport.ThistransportationoptionthatproduceszeroemissionsreducestheamountofCO2releasedintotheatmosphereby4.8milliontonseveryyear,accordingtoa2020reportfromtheWorldResourcesInstitute.PasttrialanderrorAmsterdamisconsideredtohaveimplemented(實(shí)施)thefirstbikesharesysteminhistory,accordingtowebsiteSmartCitiesDive.However,withoutanypaymentmethodstousethebicyclesandnodedicatedlockingsystems,manyofthebicyclesquicklybecamedamagedorstolen.Sharedbicyclesystemshaveexperiencedalargeincreaseinpopularityinthelasttwodecades.Thatisbecausethetechnologyusedinthesebicycleshasdevelopedenoughtomaketheschemes(計(jì)劃)successful.1.WhatdoesthearticletellusabouttheresolutionpassedinMarchbytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly?A.Itmarksabigchangeforglobaltransportation.B.Itcallsonpeopletotakepublictransportation.C.Itrequirespeopletoreducecarbonemissions.D.Itpromotesbicyclesinthefightagainstclimatechange.2.Whyiscyclingbeingmoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld?A.It’sconsideredsaferthandrivingacar.B.Itletspeopleexerciseandstayawayfromcrowdedpublictransport.C.Bicyclesharingservicesareineverycityworldwide.D.mutersaretiredofnormaltransportoptions.3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.ThedevelopmentofbikesharingsystemsinChina.B.China’sadjustmentofitspublictransportstructure.C.Theconveniencethatsharedbicyclesprovidepeoplewith.D.TheenvironmentalbenefitsofbikesharingsystemsinChina.DBDPassage1OnJune2,theChinesetelegiantlaunchedHarmonyOSforsmartphones.HarmonyOSisanopensourceoperatingsystemforphonesandotherdevices.AsChina’sfirstselfdevelopedoperatingsystem,itwasreleasedforHuawei’swearabledevicesinAugust2019.Therecentlaunchforsmartphonesispartofthepany’sefforttoimproveitssoftwareproducts.ChinaDailysaidthemoveisabigstepforHuawei,whichhasbeenpreparingtoswitchfromGoogle’sAndroidforalongtime.“Harmony’sdevelopmentforsmartphoneswillsurelybeaseriousrival(對手)toGoogle’sAndroidorApple’siOS,”BradlyBlankenshipwroteforCGTN.WangChenglu,presidentofsoftwaredepartmentatHuawei’sconsumerbusinessgroup,saidthegoalwastohave300milliondevicesrunningHarmonyOSin2021.“Now,wehavehundredsofmillionsofHuaweimobilephoneusers.IftheyupgradetheirsmartphonesystemstoHarmonyOSandfeelthattheexperienceisgood,theywillstaywithourproducts,”WangtoldChinaDaily.HarmonyOSisdesignedfortheinternetofthings(IoT,物聯(lián)網(wǎng))era.ItcanconnectallkindsofIoTdevices.ItisconvenienttodevelopappsbasedonHarmonyOS,saidYinDong,aBeijingbasedsoftwaredeveloper.“UnlikeAndroid,whichis[firstly]designedonlyforsmartphones,HarmonyOSisforIoTdevicesincludingwatches,TVs,carsandevenovens,whichenablesthemtoeasilyconnectwitheachotheranddelivernewfunctions,”Yinsaid.1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutHarmonyOSaccordingtothepassage?A.HarmonyOSisChina’sthirdselfdevelopedoperatingsystem.B.HarmonyOSwillbeeanimportantpetitortootheroperatingsystems.C.ManyotherbrandsplantoswitchawayfromGoogle’sAndroid.D.Thereweremorethan300milliondevicesrunningHarmonyOSin2020.2.Whatdoestheunderlined“they”inParagraph6referto?A.smartphoneoperatingsystemsB.devicesrunningHarmonyOS C.HuaweimobilephoneusersD.Huaweismartphones3.AccordingtoYinDong,wecanlearnthat_____.A.HarmonyOSisdesignedonlyforsmartphones.B.ItisdifficulttodevelopappsbasedonHarmonyOS.C.AndroidcanalsohelpIoTdevicesdelivernewfunctions.D.HarmonyOScanmakeitconvenienttousedifferentIoTdevices.Passage2StudentsfromaschoolinZhejiangprovincewonmanyawardsatthe12thBeiDouCupChinaAdolescentsScience&TechnologyInventionContest(BDCASTIC).StudentsfromShaoxingNo1HighSchooltookhomenineawards,includingtwofirstplaceprizes,foursecondplaceprizesandthreethirdplaceprizes.BDCASTICwaslaunchedin2010bytheDepartmentofScience,TechnologyandInformationoftheMinistryofEducationandtheadministration(管理)officeofsatellitenavigation(導(dǎo)航).Thepetitionisheldtoencouragestudentstolearnmoreaboutnavigationtechnology.OneofthefirstplaceprizeswenttoasmartsystemforsafedrivingbuiltbyQianWeichengandhisteam.“Asmoreautomobilesrunontheroad,transportationaccidentshaveincreased,”Qiansaid.“Sowewantedtodevelopasystemtopreventcrashesandlowerrisks.”Thesystemcancheckrealtimesafetydistances,monitor(監(jiān)控)thetemperatureinsidethecarandlookforothersafetyrisks.ZhangYantaoandhisteaminventedanintelligentrobotforepidemicprevention.TherobotcanhelpreducecontactbetweendoctorsandCOVID19patientsbycarryingouttaskssuchastemperaturemeasurementanddisinfection(消毒).Theteamwonsecondprizefortheirinvention.BothoftheirinventionsarebasedonBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystems(BDS).“OursystemmainlyusesthreeservicesprovidedbyBDS:highaccuracy(高精度)positioning,trafficinformationandremotesensing(遠(yuǎn)程遙感),”Qiansaid.Topletetheirinventions,theyneededtolearnaboutBDS.Theydidsointheir“BeiDouclass”.ItistheonlyclassinthecountrythatteacheskidsaboutBDS.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutBDCASTIC?A.StudentsfromZhejiangwoneightawards.B.Itwasfirstlaunchedover20yearsago.C.ShaoxingNo1HighSchoolwonthemostawardsatthecontest.D.Studentsusedknowledgeaboutnavigationtechnologytowinthecontest.2.AccordingtoParagraphs4and5,wecanconcludethatthetwoinventions_____.A.canhelpsolvereallifeproblems B.willimproveacity’stransportC.bothwonfirstprize D.aredesignedforepidemicprevention3.Qian’sinventionhasusedBeiDou’sservicesinthreefieldsEXCEPT_____.A.highaccuracypositioning B.trafficinformation C.remotesensing D.globalshortmessageservice4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Towinthecontest,studentsvisitedBDS.B.Theschool’s“BeiDouclass”isafirstinthecountry.C.Studentspletedtheirinventionsintheir“BeiDouclass”.D.Thestudentsaregoingtoteach“BeiDouclasses”inotherschools.Passage3TheMinistryofEducationreleasedanoticein2021thatrestricts(限制)primaryandmiddleschoolstudentsfromcarryingmobilephonestoschool.Thepolicyaimstoimprovestudents’focusonstudyandfightaddiction(沉迷)totheinternetandgames.Accordingtoa2020reportbytheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenter,Chinahad175millioninternetusersundertheageof18in2019.Thisisworrying,aslongtimeuseofsmartphonesharmschildren’seyesight,cervicalvertebrae(頸椎)andeventhebrain,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization.ManyschoolsinBeijinghavetakenmeasurestolimitstudents’phoneuseoncampus.AccordingtoZhouDandan,anEnglishteacheratBeijingNo20HighSchool,everyclassroominherschoolhasadeposit(存放)boxtostorestudents’phonesduringclass.LiJisen,astudentfromBeijing101MiddleSchool,agreeswiththenewpolicy.Libelievesthatregulatingphoneuseatschoolistheonlywaytoputthefocusbackonacademics(學(xué)業(yè)).However,LiuYanping,principal(校長)ofFirstBranchofBeijingNationalDaySchool,toldSouthChinaMorningPostthatitisunwisetotakea“onesizefitsall”approach.KathyChen,aparentfromShanghai,allowedherdaughtertotakeherphonetoschool.Chensaidit’smoreimportanttocultivate(培養(yǎng))kids’abilitytoselfmanageanddevelopgoodhabitsofphoneusage.warmingup請以“Theinventionthathaschangedourlives”為題，介紹一項(xiàng)你認(rèn)為改變了人類生活的發(fā)明，字?jǐn)?shù)為100詞左右。內(nèi)容包括：這項(xiàng)發(fā)明的背景信息（________，_________，________）；2.這項(xiàng)發(fā)明的_____________和________；3.________________.Nowadays,manyinventions_________________(影響了我們的生活).Personallyspeaking,themobilephoneisthemostimportantonewhichwasinventedbySteveJobsin2007intheUnitedStates._________________________(它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)很明顯的).Notonly________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(不僅能讓我們更容易地與家人保持聯(lián)系),butalsowecanrelaxourselvesbylisteningtomusicorplayinggameswithit.Besides,wecanuseittolookupthewords.However,itdoeshavesomedisadvantages.Forexample,it_______________________________________________________________________.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________.(毫無疑問，這將會妨礙他們的學(xué)習(xí)).Everycoinhastwosides.Itdependsonhowweuseit.好詞積累：smartphones/mobilephones/phones/cellphones/electronicequipment/devices/電子設(shè)備________________ 功能 ________________ 和...保持聯(lián)系________________網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí) ________________ 造成問題________________ 游戲沉迷 ________________ 使用________________ 弱化視力 ________________ 特殊設(shè)計(jì)的________________ 阻止某人做某事考題模擬：是20世紀(jì)最重要的發(fā)明之一，我們的生活已然離不開。隨著青少年越來越多地使用，為我們帶來了很多便利，同時(shí)也造成一些問題。請根據(jù)提示，從的歷史、利弊、針對問題的解決方案等方面介紹這一偉大發(fā)明，字?jǐn)?shù)100左右。History:In1973,MartinCooper(American),thefirstcivilphoneIn1983,thefirstmobilephoneadvantages：Makeaphonecall;sendamessage;...disadvantages:...Youropinion:...Themobilephoneisoneofthegreatestinventionsinthe20thcentury.____________________________（3）文章框架：第一段：第二段：第三段：范文翻譯______________________________________________________________(是20世紀(jì)最偉大的發(fā)明之一).ThefirstcivilphonewasinventedbyanAmericancalledMartinCooperin1973.And10yearslaterthefirstmobilephoneappearedin1983._____________________________________________________________________________________(如今，越來越多的青少年開始使用智能),evenintheschool.Phoneshavebothgoodandbadeffectsonourlife.Theadvantagesofcellphonesareobvious(明顯的).Firstly,_______________________________________________(學(xué)生們用與父母保持聯(lián)系).________________________________________________(用它們來發(fā)送信息或打都很方便).Inaddition,withsmartphonesstudentscanstudyonlineathome.What’smore,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(經(jīng)過漫長的一天的艱苦工作，青少年可以通過玩游戲或用聽音樂來放松自己).____________________________________________________(但過多的使用可能會導(dǎo)致視力下降和游戲成癮等問題).Howcanwesolvetheproblems?Ontheonehand,asstudents,___________________________________________________________________(我們應(yīng)該控制自己，不要花太多時(shí)間玩).Ontheotherhand,wecanhavespeciallydesignedmobilephoneswithfunctionsthat_______________________________________________________(防止孩子們使用它們太久).短文填空Themobilephoneisoneofthegreatest1._________(invent)inthe20thcentury.ThefirstcivilphonewasinventedbyanAmerican2._________(call)MartinCooperin1973.And10yearslaterthefirstmobilephoneappearedin1983.Moreandmoreteenagersareusingsmartphonesthesedays,evenintheschool.Phoneshavebothgoodandbadeffects3._________ourlife.Theadvantagesofcellphonesare4._________(明顯的).Firstly,studentsusephonesto5._________intouchwiththeirparents.It’s6._________([k?n?vi?ni?nt])tousethemtosendamessageormakeaphonecall.Inaddition,7._________smartphonesstudentscanstudyonlineathome.What’smore,teenagerscan8._________(relaxing)themselvesbyplayinggamesorlisteningtomusicontheirphonesafteralongdayofhardwork.Buttoomuchmobilephoneusagecancauseproblemssuchasweakenedeyesightandgame9._________([??d?k?n]).Howcanwesolvetheproblems?Ontheonehand,asstudents,weshouldcontrolourselvesanddon’tspendtoomuchtime10._________(play)phones.Ontheotherhand,wecanhavespeciallydesignedmobilephoneswith11._________(功能)thatpreventkidsfromusingthemfortoolong.改錯(cuò)拔高版文中共有十處錯(cuò)誤，請找出并改正Themobilephoneisoneofthegreatestinventionsin20thcentury.ThefirstcivilphonewasinventedbyaAmericancalledMartinCooperin1973.And10yearslaterthefirstmobilephonewasappearedin1983.Moreandmoreteenagersareusingsmartphonesthesedays,evenintheschool.Phoneshaveallgoodandbadeffectsonourlife.Theadvantagesofcellphonesareobvious.Firstly,studentsusephonesstayintouchwiththeirparents.It’sconvenienttousethemtosendamessageormakeaphonecall.Inadditions,withsmartphonesstudentscanstudyonlineathome.What’smore,teenagerscanrelaxthemselvesbyplayinggamesorlisteningtomusicintheirphonesafteralongdayofhardwork.Thoughtoomuchmobilephoneusagecancauseproblemssuchasweakenedeyesightandgameaddiction.Howcanyousolvetheproblems?Ontheonehand,asstudents,weshouldcontrolourselvesanddon’tspendtoomuchtimeonplayingphones.Ontheotherhand,wecanhavespeciallydesignedmobilephoneswithfunctionsthatpreventkidsfromusingthemfortoolong.改錯(cuò)基礎(chǔ)版文中共有十處錯(cuò)誤，請找出并改正Themobilephoneisoneofthegreatestinventionsin20thcentury.ThefirstcivilphonewasinventedbyaAmericancalledMartinCooperin1973.And10yearslaterthefirstmobilephonewasappearedin1983.Moreandmoreteenagersareusingsmartphonesthesedays,evenintheschool.Phoneshaveallgoodandbadeffectsonourlife.Theadvantagesofcellphonesareobvious.Firstly,studentsusephonesstayintouchwiththeirparents.It’sconvenienttousethemtosendamessageormakeaphonecall.Inadditions,withsmartphonesstudentscanstudyonlineathome.What’smore,teenagerscanrelaxthemselvesbyplayinggamesorlisteningtomusicintheirphonesafteralongdayofhardwork.Thoughtoomuchmobilephoneusagecancauseproblemssuchasweakenedeyesightandgameaddiction.Howcanyousolvetheproblems?Ontheonehand,asstudents,weshouldcontrolourselvesanddon’tspendtoomuchtimeonplayingphones.Ontheotherhand,wecanhavespeciallydesignedmobilephoneswithfunctionsthatpreventkidsfromusingthemfortoolong.課后任務(wù)是20世紀(jì)最偉大的發(fā)明之一。第一個(gè)民用是由一個(gè)名叫馬丁·庫珀的美國人在1973年發(fā)明的。10年后，第一部出現(xiàn)在了1983年。如今，越來越多的青少年都在使用智能，甚至是在學(xué)校里。對我們的生活有好有壞的影響。的優(yōu)勢是顯而易見的。首先，學(xué)生們使用與父母保持聯(lián)系。用它們來發(fā)送信息或打是很方便的。此外，有了智能，學(xué)生們還可以在家在線學(xué)習(xí)。更重要的是，經(jīng)過漫長的一天的努力工作，青少年可以通過玩游戲或用聽音樂來放松自己。但過多的使用可能會導(dǎo)致視力下降和游戲成癮等問題。我們?nèi)绾尾拍芙鉀Q這些問題？一方面，作為學(xué)生，我們應(yīng)該控制自己，不要花太多時(shí)間玩。另一方面，我們可以有專門設(shè)計(jì)的，可以防止孩子們長時(shí)間使用它們。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案好詞積累：smartphones/mobilephones/phones/cellphones/electronicequipment/devices/電子設(shè)備function 功能stayintouch/contactwith和...保持聯(lián)系studyonline網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)causeproblems 造成問題gameaddiction 游戲沉迷phoneusage 使用weakenedeyesight 弱化視力speciallydesigned 特殊設(shè)計(jì)的preventsb.fromdoing 阻止某人做某事考題鏈接（1）作文話題：發(fā)明的利與弊（2）考題模擬：是20世紀(jì)最重要的發(fā)明之一，我們的生活已然離不開。隨著青少年越來越多地使用，為我們帶來了很多便利，同時(shí)也造成一些問題。請根據(jù)提示，從的歷史、利弊、針對問題的解決方案等方面介紹這一偉大發(fā)明，字?jǐn)?shù)100左右。(2018九上北師附期中考改編)History:In1973,MartinCooper(American),thefirstcivilphoneIn1983,thefirstmobilephoneadvantages：Makeaphonecall;sendamessage;...disadvantages:...Youropinion:...注意事項(xiàng)：1.必須包括所提示的信息，課適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總數(shù)；2.意思清楚，表達(dá)流暢，行文連貫，書寫規(guī)范；3.你請勿在文中使用真實(shí)的姓名、校名及提示信息以外的地名。Themobilephoneisoneofthegreatestinventionsinthe20thcentury.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（3）文章框架：第一段介紹的歷史：是很重要的發(fā)明，介紹的歷史第二段的利和弊：利：保持聯(lián)系、網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)、娛樂放松；弊：損害視力；游戲沉迷第三段結(jié)尾：針對問題的解決方案：合理使用；特殊制作的短文填詞Themobilephoneisoneofthegreatest1._________()inventionsinthe20thcentury.ThefirstcivilphonewasinventedbyanAmerican2._________()calledMartinCooperin1973.And10yearslaterthefirstmobilephoneappearedin1983.Moreandmoreteenagersareusingsmartphonesthesedays,evenintheschool.Phoneshavebothgoodandbadeffects3._________()onourlife.Theadvantagesofcellphonesare4._________()obvious(明顯的).Firstly,studentsusephonesto5._________()stayintouchwiththeirparents.It’s6._________()convenienttousethemtosendamessageormakeaphonecall.Inaddition,7._________()withsmartphonesstudentscanstudyonlineathome.What’smore,teenagerscan8._________()relaxthemselvesbyplayinggamesorlisteningtomusicontheirphonesafteralongdayofhardwork.Buttoomuchmobilephoneusagecancauseproblemssuchasweakenedeyesightandgame9._________()addiction.Howcanwesolvetheproblems?Ontheonehand,asstudents,weshouldcontrolourselvesanddon’tspendtoomuchtime10._________()playingphones.Ontheotherhand,wecanhavespeciallydesignedmobilephoneswith11._________()functionsthatpreventkidsfromusingthemfortoolong.參考范文Themobilephoneisoneofthegreatestinventionsinthe20thcentury.ThefirstcivilphonewasinventedbyanAmericancalledMartinCooperin1973.And10yearslaterthefirstmobilephoneappearedin1983.Moreandmoreteenagersareusingsmartphonesthesedays,eveninschool.Phoneshavebothgoodandbadeffectsonourlife.Theadvantagesofcellphonesareobvious(明顯的).Firstly,studentsusephonestostayintouchwiththeirparents.I