新課標(biāo)初二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及中考考點(diǎn)分析

初二年級(jí)（上）【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.ontime2.bestwishes3.giveatalk4.forexample5.shortfor6.awasteoftime7.goonafieldtrip8.gofishing9.Iagree10.nextweek11.thedayaftertomorrow12.haveapicnic13.havesomeproblemsdoingsth.14.gothewrongway15.hurryup16.gettogether17.intheopenair18.onMid-AutumnDay19.comeover20.haveto21.gethome22.agreewith23.inthecountry24.intown25.allthesame26.infrontof27.ontheleft/rightside28.nextto29.upanddown30.keephealthy31.growup32.atthesametime33.thedaybeforeyesterday35.lastSaturday36.halfanhourago37.amomentago38.justnow39.bytheway40.allthetime41.atfirstII.重要句型1.havefundoingsth.2.Whydon’tyou…?3.We’regoingtodosth.4.startwithsth.5.Whynot…?6.Areyougoingto…?7.befriendlytosb.8.You’dbetterdosth.9.asksb.forsth.10.saygoodbyetosb.11.Goodluck(withsb)!III.交際用語(yǔ)1.Welcomebacktoschool!2.Excuseme.I’msorryI’mlate,becausethetrafficisbad.3.Itdoesn’tmatter.4.HappyTeachers’Day!5.That’sagoodidea.6.Whatareyougoingtodo？7.Wherearewegoing?8.Whatarewegoingtodo?9.I’mgoodat…10.It’snotfarfrom…11.Areyoufreetomorrowevening?12.WouldyouandLilyliketocomeovertomyhomeforMid-AutumnFestival?13.I’mgladyoucancome.14.Thanksforaskingus.15.Howaboutanotherone?16.MayIhaveataste?17.Letmewalkwithyou.18.Whatdoyouhavetodo?19.Doyouliveonafarm?20.Whichdoyoulikebetter,thecityorthecountry?21.Whichdoyoulikebest,dogs,catsorchickens?22.Shallwegoatten?Goodidea!23.---Let’smakeithalfpastone.---OK.24.---Whynotcomealittleearlier?---Allright.25.Excuseme.Where’sthenearestpostoffice,please?26.It’soverthereontheright.27.I’msorryIdon’tknow.28.You’dbetter…29.Thankyouallthesame.30.WhichbusdoItake?31.Goalongthisroad.32.Whatdaywasityesterday?33.I’msorrytohearthat.34.Ihopeyou’rebetternow.35.Whydidyoucallme?36.Icalledtotell…IV.重要語(yǔ)法1.begoingto的用法；2.形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)；3.形容詞和副詞的比較4.一般過去時(shí)【名師講解】1.onthestreet/inthestreet表示“在街上”時(shí)，onthestreet和inthestreet都可以，在美國(guó)多用onthestreet,在英國(guó)多用inthestreet.例如：Wehaveahouseinthestreet.我們?cè)诮稚嫌凶孔印methimonthestreet.我在街上遇見了他。2.wouldlike/likewouldlike和like含義不同。like意思是“喜歡”，“愛好”，而wouldlike意思是“想要”。試比較：Ilikebeer.=I’mfondofbeer.我喜歡喝啤酒。I’dlikeaglassofbeer=Iwantaglassofbeer.我想要一杯啤酒。Doyoulikegoingtothecinema?你喜歡看電影嗎？Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?你今晚想去看電影嗎？3.another/theother(1)another通常用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上或不確定數(shù)量中的任意一個(gè)人或物體。例如：MayIhaveanotherapple,please?請(qǐng)?jiān)诮o我一個(gè)蘋果好嗎？Thiscoatistoosmallforme.Pleaseshowmeanother這件外套我穿太小，請(qǐng)?jiān)俳o我拿一件看看。(2)theother通常指兩者中的另一個(gè)。例如：Hehastworulers.Oneisshort.Theotherislong.他有兩把尺子，一把短的，另一把長(zhǎng)的。Ihavetwobrothers.OneworksinXi’an.TheotherworksinBeijing.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)在西安工作，另一個(gè)在北京工作。4.haveto/must(1)haveto和must都可以用來談?wù)摿x務(wù)，但用法略有不同。如果某人主觀上覺得必須去做而又想去時(shí)，常用must。如果談?wù)撃撤N來自“外界”的義務(wù)，常用haveto。例如：Imuststopsmoking.我必須戒煙。（自己想戒煙）Theyhavetoworkfortheboss.他們不得不為那個(gè)老板工作。（條件逼得他們?nèi)スぷ鳎?2)haveto可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)，must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：I’llhavetogetupearlytomorrowmorning.明天早晨我必須早早起床。Wehadtoworklonghourseverydayinordertogetmoremoney.為了多掙錢，我們不得不每天長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地工作。(3)用于否定句時(shí)，mustn’t意思是“決不能”，“禁止”，而don’thaveto意思是“不必”，相當(dāng)于needn’t。例如：Youmustn’tbelateagainnexttime.下一次你決不能再遲到。Youdon’thavetogotheretoday.Youcangotheretomorrow.你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。5.hearsb.orsth.doingsth./herarsb.orsth.dosth.hearsb.orsth.doingsth.意思是“聽到某人或某物在做某事”，而hearsb.orsth.dosth.意思是“聽到某人或某物做過某事”。試比較：IhearhimsinginganEnglishsong.聽見他在唱英歌曲。IheardhimsinganEnglishsong.我聽見他唱一首英文歌。類似hear這種用法的還有see,watch,listen,feel等感官動(dòng)詞。6.any/someany和some都可以同不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，但some一般用在肯定句中；any用在疑問句和否定句中。試比較：Iwantsomemoney.我想要點(diǎn)錢。Haveyouanymoney?你有錢嗎？Idon’thaveanymoney.我一點(diǎn)錢也沒有。some有時(shí)也用于疑問句，表示說話人期待一個(gè)肯定回答或鼓勵(lì)人家說“是”。例如：Wouldyoulikesomemorebeer?請(qǐng)你再來點(diǎn)啤酒好嗎？CouldIhavesomerice,please?請(qǐng)給我來點(diǎn)米飯好嗎？7.hear/listentolistento和hear都有“聽”的意思，但含義有所不同。Listento強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽”的動(dòng)作，hear強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽”的結(jié)果。例如：Listentome,please!I’mgoingtotellyouastory.請(qǐng)聽我說！我給你們講個(gè)故事。Listen!Canyouhearsomeonecryinginthenextroom?聽！你能聽見有人在隔壁房間里哭嗎？Ilistened,butheardnothing.我聽了聽，但什么也聽不見。hear后面如果接賓語(yǔ)從句，常常表示“聽說”。例如：Ihearsomeforeignstudentswillvisitourschool.我聽說一些外國(guó)學(xué)生將要訪問我們學(xué)校。Ihearthereisgoingtobeafilminourschoolthisevening.我聽說今晚我們學(xué)校要演一場(chǎng)電影。8.Let’s…/Letus…Let’s…和Letus…都表示“讓我們……”,如果us包括聽話人在內(nèi)，其含義相同，附帶問句用shallwe.如果us不包括聽話人在內(nèi)，其含義不同，Letus…的附帶問句要用willyou。例如：Let’sgoshopping,shallwe?我們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物好嗎？9.take/bring/carry/get這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“拿”和“帶”的意思，但含義有所不同。take意為“帶走”，“拿走”，bring意為“帶來”，“拿來”,get表示“到別的地方把某人或某物帶來或拿來”，carry不強(qiáng)調(diào)方向，帶有負(fù)重的意思。試比較：Myparentsoftentakemethereonholidays.我父母常常帶我到那里去度假。I’mgoingtotakeyoutoBeijing.我準(zhǔn)備帶你去北京。Bringmeacupoftea,please.請(qǐng)給我端杯茶來。I’llbringthebooktoyoutomorrow.明天我把那本書給你帶來。Thewaitercarriedthemetothetable服務(wù)員把肉送到桌上。Themonkeycarriedthebagonherback.猴子把那個(gè)包背在背上。Shewentbacktogetherhandbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。Letmegetthedoctor.讓我去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生吧。10.faraway/faraway(1)faraway是一個(gè)副詞短語(yǔ)，意思是“很遠(yuǎn)”。例如：Somearefaraway.Somearenearer.有些離得很遠(yuǎn)，有些離得近一些的。Thevillageisfarawayfromhere.那個(gè)村子離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。(2)faraway是一個(gè)形容詞，意思是“遙遠(yuǎn)的”，可以在句中作定語(yǔ)。例如：Helivesinfarawaymountainvillage.他住在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的小山村。11.find/lookforfind和lookfor都有“找”的意思，但含義不同。find強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果，而lookfor強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的過程。請(qǐng)看下列例句：Heislookingforhisbike.他在找他的自行車。I’mlookingformywatch,butcan’tfindit.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。Ihopeyouwillsoonfindyourlostring.希望你盡快找到丟失的戒指。另外，find還有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；“感到”等意思。例如：Ifoundawalletinthedesk.我在課桌里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)錢包。Ifindthisbookveryinteresting.我覺得這本書很有意思。12.infrontof/inthefrontofInfrontof表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范圍內(nèi)。Inthefrontof表示在某物的前部，在某物的范圍內(nèi)。試比較：MyseatisinfrontofMary’s.我的座位在瑪麗座位的前面。Heissittinginthefrontofthecarwiththedriver.他和司機(jī)坐在小車的前部。【考點(diǎn)掃描】1.begoingto的用法；2.形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)；3.形容詞和副詞的比較4.一般過去時(shí)5.本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型；6.本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語(yǔ)?！局锌挤独?.(2004年煙臺(tái)市中考試題)Intheexam,the________youare,the________mistakesyou’llmake.A.carefully,littleB.morecarefully,fewestC.morecareful,fewerD.morecareful,less【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的比較以及他們的比較等級(jí)的用法。第一個(gè)空應(yīng)填形容詞careful的比較級(jí)，因?yàn)樗诰渲凶鞅碚Z(yǔ)，第二個(gè)空應(yīng)填few的比較級(jí)，因?yàn)樗揎椀氖菑?fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。2.(2004年河北省中考試題)Bobneverdoeshishomework_________Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyD.ascarefulas【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法比較。該空應(yīng)填副詞，因?yàn)樗揎椀氖莿?dòng)詞does。該題用的是notas+副詞+as的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以答案應(yīng)是B。3.(2004年重慶市中考試題)ThatdayIsawsomeparents_________atthebackoftheclassroom,________totheteacher.A.sitting,listenedB.sat,listenedC.sitting,listeningD.sat,listening【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是seesb.doingsth.的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法。第一個(gè)空stting在句中作saw的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，第二個(gè)空listening做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。4.(2004年杭州市中考試題)You________openthedoorbeforethetraingetsintothestation.A.don’thavetoB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是幾個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞否定式的用法區(qū)別。don’thaveto和needn’t的意思都是“不必”，maynot的意思是“可以不”，只有mustn’t表示“不許”，“禁止”?！緷M分演練】一.單項(xiàng)填空1.Welcomeback________school.A.inB.atC.toD.on2.MissGaoisournewChineseteacher________.A.inthistermB.thistermC.onthistermD.thatterm3.---I’msorryI’mlate.---_____________.A.OKB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.AllrightD.Thankyou4.LiMuandJillaretalking_________wheretheyaregoing.A.aboutB.toC.withD.for5.Thereisvery______foodinthehouse.A.afewB.littleC.alittleD.few6.You’dbettertakearaincoat____you.A.toB.withC.onD.for7.ThechildrenaregoingtotheGreatWall______afieldtrip.A.toB.withC.onD.for8.I’m______hungry.MayIhaveamooncake?A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few9.I’mstillhungry.I’dlike_________one.A.otherB.anotherC.anotherD.theother10.Themoonlooks____thanthesun,butinfactthesunis______thanthemoon.A.big;bigB.bigger;biggerC.small;smallD.smaller;smaller11.Icanseethem_____footballontheplayground.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.areplaying12.JiWeiruns_________thanI.A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefastest13.Ithinksteamedbreadis____________hamburger.A.moredeliciousthanB.mostdeliciousthanC.moredelicioustoD.mostdeliciousto14.---Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?----__________.I’mfree.A.TodomyhomeworkB.TocleanmyhouseC.TodosomeshoppingD.Nothingmuch15.---MayIspeaktoJack?---____________.Who’sthat?A.I’mJackB.ThatisJackC.ThisisJackspeakingD.I’mJackspeaking16.----Whynot_________andseetheplay?---Goodidea.A.goB.goingC.togoD.goes17.It’scoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoor_________.A.closeB.closingC.closesD.closed18.Myhomeisabouttwohundredmetres_____ourschool.A.fromB.farfromC.awayD.to19.Therearesomeappletrees________herhouse.A.inthefrontofB.atthebackofC.inthemiddleofD.atthefrontof20.Whichfloordoyou________?A.liveB.liveonC.liveatD.livein二.完形填空TheXingqingPalacePark（興慶宮公園）is__1___parkinXi’an.__2__SaturdaysorSundays,childrenlike___3___there__4___theirparents.Theretheycanplaygames.Thereisalakeandahillinthepark.TodayisSunday.Manychildrenareplayinginthepark.Look!Somechildren__5___onthelake.Theyaregood__6___it.Istheboat___7___achicken?No.Itlookslikeaduck.Someboysareplaying__8___footballonthegrass(草地)。Afewboys__9___thehilloverthere.Allthechildrenarehavingagoodtime.Theythinkplayingintheparkis___10___thanhavingclassesatschool.1.A.biggerB.thebiggestC.smallerD.thesmaller2.A.InB.OnC.AtD.With3.A.walkingB.goingC.runningD.flying4.A.withB.forC.onD.in5.A.isswimmingB.isboatingC.arerunningD.areboating6.A.InB.withC.fromD.at7.A.lookB.likesC.looksD.like8.A.aB./C.anD.the9.A.arerunningB.arewalkingC.areclimbingD.arejumping10.A.littlebetterB.muchbetterC.manybetterD.thebest三.閱讀理解(A)MarkTwainistravelingtoDijonbytrain.Hewantstosleepverymuch,soheaskstheconductor(服務(wù)員)towakehimupwhenthetraingetstoDijon.Thehegoestosleep.Later,whenwakesup,itisearlythenextmorningandthetrainhasgottoParis.Heknowsatoncethattheconductordoesn’twakehimupatDijon.Heisveryangry.Herunsuptotheconductorandsays,“Whydidn’tyouwakemeupandputmeoffthetrainatDijon?Iamveryangryaboutit!”Theconductorsmilesandlooksathim,“AnotherAmericanismoreangrythanyou.Butyoucan’tseehimnow.IputhimoffthetrainatDijonlastnight.”根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列各句的正誤：正確的答“A”，錯(cuò)誤的答“B”。MarktwainaskstheconductortowakehimupinParis.ThetraingottoDijonatnight.MarkTwainwasveryangrywiththeconductor.Theconductormadeamistake（錯(cuò)誤）.HeputanotherAmericanoffthetrainatDijon.MarkTwaincan’tseethatAmericanbecausetheAmericandoesn’tlikehim.(B)TheworsttouristintheworldisNicholasScottiofSanFrancisco.OnceheflewfromtheUStohishometowninItalytoseesomeoneathome.Theplanemadeaone-hourstoptogetoilatKennedyAirportofNewYork.Ashethoughthehadarrivedhome,MrScottigotofftheplane.HethoughthewasinRome.Whennobodywastheretomeethim,MrScottithoughtmaybetheywereheldupbyheavytraffic.Whilelookingfortheiraddresses,MrScottifoundthattheold"Rome"hadchangedalot.Manyoldbuildingswerereplacedbyhighmodernones.HealsofoundthatmanypeoplespokeEnglishinsteadofItalianandthatmanystreetsignswerewritteninEnglish.MrScottiknewverylittleEnglish,soheaskedapoliceman(inItalian)thewaytothebusstation.HehappenedtomeetapolicemanwhowasalsoborninItalyandansweredhiminthesamelanguage.Aftertwelvehours'travelingroundonabus,thedriverhandedhimovertoasecondpoliceman.HeaskedthepolicemanwhytheRomepoliceemployedsomanypeopleaspolicemenspeakingEnglishofItalian.TogethimonaplanebacktoSanFrancisco,Hewassenttotheairportinapolicecarwithsirens(警報(bào))on."Look,"saidScottitohisinterpreter,"IknowI'minItaly.That'showtheydrive."1.WhenMrScottiarrivedattheairport,nobodymethimbecause____________.

A.hewasinNewYork

B.hewasinRome

C.policemencouldhelphim

D.hewasinanItaliancity2.Inwhatdirection(方向)didtheplaneflywhenMrScottiwenttoItalyfromtheUS?

A.Totheeast.

B.Tothesouth.

C.Tothewest

D.Tothenorth.3.WhywasMrScottisosurethathewasinRome?

A.Becausehetraveledalot.

B.BecauseheknewlittleabouttheUS.

C.BecauseheknewlittleaboutItaly.

D.Becausehedidn'ttravelmuch.4.AtlastMrScotti_________.

A.knewhedidsomethingwrong

B.stillthoughthewas

C.knewhewaswrong

D.knewhewashome5.DoyouthinkmanypeopledothesamethingasMrScottidid?

A.NobodybutMrScottimadethiskindofmistake.

B.Manypeoplemakethiskindofmistake.

C.Fewpeoplemakethiskindofmistake.

D.50%ofpeoplewillmakethesamemistake.(C)MywifeandIstayedinLondonforafewweekslastyear.Wewentthereintheautumn.WethinkitisthebestseasontovisitEngland.TheweatherisusuallyquitegoodandtherearenottoomanyvisitorsinOctober.WestayedinasmallrestaurantintheWestEnd.Wedidmostofoursightseeingonfoot.Wewenttolookatalltheplaces.Wewentshoppingandspenttoomuchmoney.Welikedgoingtothetheatre.Wedon'thavethechancetoseesuchgoodplays(戲劇)athome.AlotofpeoplesayEnglishfoodisverybad.Wedidn'tthinkso.MostoftherestaurantsareFrenchorChinese,butwehadsomeverygoodmeals.Weenjoyedourholidayverymuch.Wewanttogothereagainthisyear.Wearegoingtotakeourumbrellas.I'msurewe'llneedthemsometimes.1.“Wewentshoppingandspenttoomuchmoney”means_________.A.theydidn'tenjoyshoppingandspenttoomuchmoneyB.priceswerehighinEngland

C.thereweresomanygoodthingsintheshopsandtheyboughtalot

D.theylikedtogoshoppingwithlotsofmoney2.Theydidn'thavethechancetoseesuchgoodplays_________.A.intheirsmallrestaurantB.intheirhometown

C.inFranceD.inEngland3.Youcanget_______inarestaurant.A.mealsB.clothesC.booksD.cakes4.I'msurewe'llneedumbrellassometimesbecause__________.A.umbrellascanbeverygoodpresentsfortheirfriendsinLondon

B.itoftenrainsinLondon

C.theEnglishpeopleliketobringumbrellaswiththem

D.theEnglishpeopleprotect(保護(hù))themselveswithumbrella5.Thetwovisitorscamefrom________.A.EnglandB.France

C.AmericaD.acountrywedon'tknow四.根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)完成下列英語(yǔ)句子1.YesterdayafternoonMissLicamehere_________(向你道歉).2.Idideverything___________(他要求我做的).3.Wesawtheoldscientist____________(在花園里散步)justnow.4.Mygrandpahas___________(好記憶).Hecanremembermanythings.5.Doyouknowwho_______(發(fā)明了機(jī)器人)？6.Ifind____________(記住這些單詞很難).7.Ienjoy____________(吃大肉).8.Don’tstand___________(一直).Pleasegivemeahand.9.WangZheng__________(出身在)aworker’sfamily.10.________________(祝你們好運(yùn)),alltheboys.初二年級(jí)（中）【知識(shí)梳理】I.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.giveaconcert2.falldown3.goon4.attheendof5.goback6.inahurry7.writedown8.comeout9.alltheyearround10.lateron11.attimes12.ringsb.up13.HappyNewYear!14.haveaparty15.holdon16.hearfrom17.beready18.atthemoment19.takeout20.thesameas21.turnover22.get-together23.puton24.takeaseat25.waitfor26.getlost27.justthen28.firstofall29.gowrong30.makeanoise31.geton32.getoff33.standinline34.attheheadof35.laughat36.throwabout37.infact38.atmidnight39.enjoyoneself40.haveaheadache41.haveacough42.fallasleep43.againandagain44.lookover45.takeexerciseII.重要句型1.begoodforsth.2.Ithink…3.Ihope…4.Ilove…5.Idon’tlike…6.I’msure…7.forgettodosth.8.takeamessageforsb.9.givesb.themessage10.helpyourselftosth.11.befamousforsth.12.onone’swayto…13.makeone’swayto…14.quarrelwithsb.15.agreewithsb.16.stopsb.fromdoingsth.III.交際用語(yǔ)1.What’stheweatherliketoday?2.It’scold,butquitesuuny.3.Howcolditistoday!4.Yes,butit’llbewarmerlateron.5.Shallwemakeasnowman?6.Ok.Comeon!7.HappyNewYear!8.MayIspeaktoAnn,please?？9.Holdon,please.10.Thanksalotforinvitingmetoyourparty.11.Ok.ButI’mafraidImaybealittlelate.12.CanItakeamessageforyou?13.That’sOK.Itdoesn’tmatter.14.I’mverysorry,butIcan’tcome.15.I’msorrytohearthat.16.Happybirthday!17.Wouldyoulike...?Wouldyouliketo...?18.Doyouthink...?Yes,Ithinkso./No,Idon'tthinkso.19.Doyouagree?Yes,Iagree./No,don'treallyagree.Ireallycan'tagree.20.Thereareafew/alotof.../onit.21.Sodowe.22.I'mhappyyoulikeit.23.Whichisthewayto...,please?

24.Turnright/leftatthe...crossing.

25.Goonuntilyoureach...

26.HowcanIgetto...?Godown/up/alongthisroad.

27.What'sthematter?

28.It'lltakeyouhalfanhourto...

29.We'dbettercatchabus.

30.Itmaybein...Ah,soitis31.Youmustbemorecareful!

32.Youmustn'tcrosstheroadnow.

33.Ifyouwanttocrossastreet,youmustwaitforthegreenlight.

34.Pleasestandinline.

35.Youmustwaitforyourturn.

36.Ifyoudon'tgosoon,you'llbelate.

37.Idon'tfeelverywell.

38.Myheadhurts.

39.Youmustn'teatanythinguntilyouseethedoctor.40.What'sthetrouble?

41.What'sthematterwith…?

42.Shedidn'tfeellikeeatinganything.

43.Nothingserious.

44.Have/getapainin…

45.Noproblem.

46.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.IV.重要語(yǔ)法1.一般過去時(shí)；2.反意疑問句的用法；3.一般將來時(shí)；4.感嘆句；5.簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型；6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may和must,haveto的用法；7.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句?！久麕熤v解】1.above/over/on這三個(gè)介詞都表示“在……之上”，但含義不同。on指在某物的表面上，和某物接觸；above指在某物的上方，不和某物接觸，但也不一定在某物的正上方；over指在某物的正上方，不和某物接觸。試比較：Thereisabookonthedesk.課桌上有一本書。Iraisemyrighthandabovemyhead.我把右手高舉過頭。Thereisastonebridgeovertheriver.河面上有座石橋。2.forgettodosth./forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.意思是“忘記做某事”，實(shí)際上還沒做；forgetdoingsth,意思是“忘記做過某事”，實(shí)際上已經(jīng)做過了。試比較：Iforgottotellhimthenews.我忘記告訴他這條消息了。Iforgottellinghimthenews.我已經(jīng)把這條消息告訴他了，我卻忘了。類似的詞還有：remember,regret等。3.hope/wishhope和wish在漢語(yǔ)中都有“希望”的意思，但其含義和用法有所不同。主要區(qū)別如下：(1)wish可以用來表示不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望；hope只能用來表示可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。例如：IwishIwere20yearsyounger.我但愿自己能年輕二十歲。Ihopeyou’llbebettersoon.我希望你能很快好起來。Iwishtheweatherwasn’tsocold.但愿天氣不這麼冷。Ihopehewillcome,too.我希望他也能來。(2)wish可以接sb.todosth.的結(jié)構(gòu)，而hope不可以。例如：Doyouwishmetocomebacklater?你是否希望我再來？4.besuretodosth./besureof/aboutsb.orsth.(1)besuretodosth.可以用來表示說話人給對(duì)方提出要求，意思是“務(wù)必”，也可以用來表示說話人做出的推斷，意思是“一定”，“肯定”。例如：Besuretolockthedoorwhenyouleave.你離開時(shí)務(wù)必把門鎖好。It’sagoodfilm.Youaresuretoenjoyit.這是一部好電影，你肯定會(huì)喜歡的。(2)besureof/aboutsb.orsth.可用來表示“某人對(duì)某事有把握”。例如：I’msureofhissuccess.我相信他會(huì)成功。Ithinkitwasthreeyearsago,butI’mnotsureaboutit.我想那是三年前的事情，但我沒有把握。5.hearfrom/hearofhear意思是“聽到”，從哪里聽到要用from來表示。例如：I’veheardfromXiaoWuthatwe’llstartoutmilitarytrainingtomorrow.我聽小吳說，我們明天開始軍訓(xùn)。ListentothetapeandwriteoutwhatyouhearfromHanMei.聽錄音，并寫出你從韓梅那里聽到的內(nèi)容。hearfrom還有一個(gè)意思是“收到某人的來信”（=receivealetterfromsb.）。例如：IheardfrommypenfriendintheU.S.A.lastmonth.上個(gè)月我受到了美國(guó)筆友的來信。Iheardfromherlastweek.我上周接到了她的來信。hearof和和hearfrom含義不同。hearof意思是“聽說”，“得知”（某事或某人的存在），常用在疑問句和否定句里。例如：Whoishe?I’veneverheardofhim.他是誰？我從來沒有聽說過他。Ineverheardofsuchathing!這樣的事我從來沒有聽說過。6.It’sapleasure./Withpleasure.It’sapleasure這句話常用作別人向你表示致謝時(shí)的答語(yǔ)，意思是“那是我樂意做的”。例如：---Thankyouforhelpingme.謝謝你地幫助。---It’sapleasure.那是我樂意做的。---Thanksalot.Bye.非常感謝。再見。---It’sapleasure.那是我樂意做的。再見。類似的話還有“Notatall.”“Youarewelcome.”“That’sallright.”Withpleasure也用作客氣的答語(yǔ)，主要用在別人要你做某事，而你又非常愿意去做的場(chǎng)合。例如：---Willyoupleasepassmethenewspaper,please?請(qǐng)你把報(bào)紙遞給我好嗎？---Withpleasure.當(dāng)然可以。7.seem/look(1)二者都可以作“看起來”講，但seem暗示憑借一些跡象作出的有根據(jù)的判斷，這種判斷往往接近事實(shí)；look著重強(qiáng)調(diào)由視覺得出的印象。兩者都可跟(tobe)+形容詞和asif從句。如：Heseems/looks(tobe)veryhappytoday.他今天看起來很高興。

Itlooks(seems)asifititisgoingtorain.好像要下雨了。(2)但下列情況中只用seem不用look：1)后跟不定式todo時(shí)。如：

Heseemstoknowtheanswer.他似乎知道答案。2)在Itseemsthat...結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：

Itseemsthatheishappiernowthanyesterday.他像比昨天高興些了。8.bereadytodo/bereadyfor/getreadytodo/getreadyfor

(1)bereadytodo和bereadyfor…表示“已作好…的準(zhǔn)備”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)(2)getreadytodo和getreadyfor…表示“為…做準(zhǔn)備”，強(qiáng)調(diào)行為。如：I'mreadytodoanythingyouwantmetodo.我愿意/隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備做一切做你要我做的事。I'mreadyforanyquestionsyoumayask.我愿意/隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備回答你可能問的問題。He'sgettingreadytoleaveforTokyo.他正準(zhǔn)備動(dòng)身去東京。Let'sgetreadyforthehardmoment.我們?yōu)檫@一艱難時(shí)刻作好準(zhǔn)備吧。(3)bereadytodo通?？衫斫狻皹酚谧瞿呈隆保此枷肷峡偸怯凶瞿呈碌臏?zhǔn)備。benotreadytodo表示“不輕易做某事”。如：He'susuallynotreadytolistentoothers.他通常不輕易聽從別人。9.attable/atthetableattable在吃飯，atthetable在桌子旁邊。例如：TheGreensareattable.格林一家人在吃飯。

Mr.Blackissittingatthetableandreadingabook.布萊克先生坐在桌旁讀書。10.reach,arrive/getto

三者都有"到達(dá)"之意。reach是及物動(dòng)詞，后直接加名詞，get和arrive是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能直接加名詞，須借助于介詞。getto后加名詞地點(diǎn)，若跟副詞地點(diǎn)時(shí)，to去掉；arriveat+小地方，arrivein+大地方。如：

Lucygottothezoobefore8o'clock.露西8點(diǎn)前到了動(dòng)物園。

WhendidyourparentsarriveinShanghai?你父母何時(shí)到上海的？

ItwaslatewhenIgothome.我到家時(shí)天色已晚。11.sick/ill

二者都是形容詞。當(dāng)“生病的，患病“之意時(shí)，ill只作表語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)；而sick既可作表語(yǔ)也可作定語(yǔ)。sick有"嘔吐，惡心"的意思，只能作表語(yǔ)，而ill無此意。如：

LiLeiwasilllastweek.(只作表語(yǔ))李磊上周生病了。

He'sasickman.（作定語(yǔ)）他是病人。不能說成：He'sanillman.

Mygrandfatherwassickforamonthlastyear.（作表語(yǔ)）我祖父去年病了一個(gè)月。12.intime/ontime

intime是"及時(shí)"的意思，ontime是"準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)"。如：

Ididn'tgettothebusstopintime.我沒有及時(shí)趕上汽車。

We'llfinishourjobontime.我們要按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。13.maybe/maybe

Itmaybeinyourinsidepocket.=Maybeitisinyourinsidepocket.也許在你里邊的口袋里。第一句中maybe是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的謂語(yǔ)部分，意思是"也許是"，"可能是"；第二句中的maybe是副詞，意思是"可能"，常位于句首，不能位于句中，相當(dāng)于另一副詞perhaps。再如：

Maybeyouputitinthatbag.也許你放在了那只包里。（不能說Youmaybeputitinthatbag.）

Itmaybeahat.那可能是頂帽子。（不能說Itmaybeahat.或Itmaybeisahat.）14.noise/voice/sound

noise指嘈雜聲，噪音大的吵雜聲。voice是指說話的聲音，嗓音，嗓子。sound是指耳朵能夠聽到的聲音、鬧聲等。它是表示聲音之意的最普通的字。有時(shí)還用作科學(xué)上的聲音。例如：

Don'tmakesomuchnoise!別那么大聲喧嘩！

Ididn'trecognizeJohn'svoiceonthetelephone.在電話里我聽不出約翰的聲音。

Hespokeinalowvoice.他低聲說話。

Weheardastrangesound.我們聽到了一種奇怪的聲音。

Soundtravelsfast,butlighttravelsfaster.聲音傳得快，但是光傳得更快?！究键c(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：1.一般過去時(shí)；2.反意疑問句的用法；3.一般將來時(shí)；4.感嘆句；5.簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型；6.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may和must,haveto的用法；7.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句；8.本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型；9.本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語(yǔ)。考試形式可以是單項(xiàng)填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子。【中考范例】1.(2004年長(zhǎng)沙市中考試題)---Doyouknowifwewillgotothecinematomorrow?---Ithinkwe’llgoifwe________toomuchhomework.A.willhaveB.hadC.won’thaveD.don’thave【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。在條件和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句里通常用一般現(xiàn)在是表示將來的動(dòng)作。2.(2004年佛山市中考試題)YouhavebeentoTibet,_________?Iwastoldthatthesnow-coveredmountainswereverybeautiful.haveyouB.haven’tyouC.don’tyou【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是反意疑問句的構(gòu)成。反意疑問句的前一部分是肯定句，后一部分就應(yīng)該是否定的疑問部分，而且要和前一部分保持時(shí)態(tài)上的一致。3.(2004年揚(yáng)州市中考試題)---Jacky,lookatthatJapanesesumoist(相撲手).---Wow,______________!A.HowafatmanB.WhatafatmanC.HowfatmanD.Whatfatman【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是感嘆句的構(gòu)成。這個(gè)感嘆句省略了主謂部分，只保留了感嘆部分。如果以What開頭，就應(yīng)該是Whatafatman!如果是How開頭，就應(yīng)該是Howfat!4.(2004年福建省泉州市中考試題)---Thanksforyourhelp.---__________________A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.Don’tthankmeC.You’rewelcomeD.That’sright【解析】答案：C。該題考查的是日常交際用語(yǔ)?；卮饎e人的道謝通常用“That’sallright.”或”You’rewelcome.”【滿分演練】一.選擇填空1.Don’tforget_________yourbookheretomorrow.A.totakeB.tobringC.takingD.bringing2.MrsBrownwenttothecinema,______she?A.didn’tB.doesn’tC.wasn’tD.isn’t3.Itwashalfpastfour.Everything_______ready.A.isB.wasC.areD.were4.---HappyNewYear!---____________.A.ThesametoyouB.I’mgladtohearthatC.I’mveryhappyD.Thankyou.It’sverykindofyou.5.Igotuplateyesterday.There_________notimetohavebreakfast.A.hasB.hadC.wasD.is6.Thankyoufor______metoyourparty.A.inviteB.invitingC.toinviteD.invited7.---I’msorryItookyourpenbymistakeyesterday.---______________.A.AllrightB.That’srightC.RightD.That’sallright8.---Thankyouforshowingmetheway!---________________.A.ThesametoyouB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.It’sapleasureD.That’sright9.---CouldIuseyourcomputerforamoment?---_____________.A.SureB.ReallyC.RightD.Itdoesn’tmatter10.---Ijustlostmybike.---________________.A.IwishyoutobuyanewoneB.You’dbetterbuyanewoneC.I’msorrytohearthatD.It’salwaysnicetorideanewone二.選擇能代替句中劃線部分的詞語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)1.What’sthematterwithyourmother?A.problemB.questionC.messageD.wrong2.---Thankyouverymuch.---It’sapleasure.A.I’mveryglad.B.That’sright.C.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Notatall3.Whatishedoingatthemoment?A.nowB.amomentagoC.lateDlateron4.Didyouhaveagoodtimeattheparty?A.staylongB.singanddanceC.enjoyyourselfD.eatenough5.---MayIspeaktoJohn,please?---Certainly.A.Sure.B.Ithinkso.C.I’dlovetoD.That’sallright.6.---CouldIspeaktoJim,please?---Sorry，heisn’tin.A.isathomeB.isnotatworkC.isoutD.isfree7.Thereisnothingbutanoldtableintheroom.A.manyB.someC.anyD.only8.What’stheweatherlike?A.WhenB.WhereC.whyD.How9.Pleaseletmelookatyourphoto.A.givemeB.passmeC.bringmeD.showme10.Pleaseaskhimtoringmeupwhenhecomesback.A.seeB.helpC.callD.thank三.完形填空WhenI__1__inLondonlastyear,ithadoneofthethickestfogs(霧)inyears.Youcould__2____seeyourhandin__3___ofyourface.Wheneveningfell,itbecameeven__4___.Alltraffic__5___toastop.Idecidedtowalk.Afewminutes__6___,Icouldn’tfindmy__7___.ThenIsawayoungmanandaskedhimtohelpme.Heagreed.AsIwasfollowinghim__8__thestreets,hetoldme,“IknowthispartofLondonquitewell.Andthethickfog___9__tome.Yousee,I’m__10___.”1.A.isB.wasC.amD.are2.A.easilyB.hardC.hardlyD.even3.A.frontB.thefrontC.backD.theback4.A.badB.worseC.goodD.better5.A.beganB.s