初中英語人教版九年級上冊Unit 2 Section A Grammar Focus-4c

Unit2SectionAGrammarFocus-4cAttheendoftheclass,thestudentswillbeableto:learntousetheObjectiveClauses.learntousetheexclamatorysentence.ObjectivesHaveafreetalkaboutMid-autumnFestivalwith“Ithink…/Ibelieve…”Wordsreview幻燈片上單詞出現(xiàn)時，同學(xué)應(yīng)迅速讀出該單詞并說出意思，說出時，可有5秒鐘的現(xiàn)場求救時（向其他同學(xué)），每名同學(xué)接受求救不得超過3次。mooncakelanternstrangerrelativeput

onpoundsteallay

out

laydessertgardenadmirewhoevergoddessfolktraditionIknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.WhatfuntheWaterFestivalis.Iwonderifthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.Howfantasticthedragonboatteamswere!IwonderwhetherJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.Howprettythedragonboatswere.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.HowdeliciousthefoodisinHongKong!GrammarFocus試比較：We

know

him．We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語從句就是用一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語主s謂v賓o簡單句復(fù)合句什么是賓語從句？DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航員)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略。e.g.?Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.?Hesaid(that)

hemissedusverymuch.1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句a.在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補+that

從句(真正賓語)的句型中不省略。?Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.b.由連詞and連接的兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,第二個that不省略。?Hetoldme(that)hewouldcomeandthathewouldstayfor2days.that在賓語從句中的省略與保留c.當(dāng)that作介詞except,in等賓語時。?Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.?IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.2.由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。?Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.?Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”。if/whether可互換，但whether…ornot為固定搭配。1).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句

?Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcome.如果ornot放在whether所引導(dǎo)的從句句尾，可用if替換。

?Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.

?IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用區(qū)別a.當(dāng)whether后緊跟ornot時，不用if.b.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if.?HeaskedmewhetherIwantedtogotherebytrainorbybus.他問我是想乘火車還是坐公共汽車去那里。whether...or還有“不管”之意，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。?Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.不管開車來還是乘火車來，他都會準時到。c.在強調(diào)任意選擇時，用whether…or，此時不用if替換whether。

?HeaskedmewhetherI’dmovetoNewYorkifIgotthejob.

d.雖引導(dǎo)賓語從句，但為了強調(diào)賓語部分，也可把從句放在句首，此時只用whether不用if。

?WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.e.句子中有if引導(dǎo)的條件句，如再有表示“是否”的賓語從句，用whether不用if。

?Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedhelp.如果你需要幫助請告訴我?；颍赫埜嬖V我你是否需要幫助。對比：

?Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouneedhelp.請告訴我你是否需要幫助。f.容易產(chǎn)生歧義時用whether不用if來表示“是否”。

?Idon’tknowifitwon'traintomorrow.我不知道明天是不是會下雨。g.如果賓語從句為否定句時，則只用if不用whether。2).引導(dǎo)主語從句置于句首時，只能用whether。?Whetherhecomesornotmakesnodifference.3).Whether可以引導(dǎo)表語從句和同位語從句，if不可以。4).用在動詞不定式之前時用whether不用if。?Idon’tknowwhethertogothereatonce.我不知道是不是該立刻去那里。3.由連接代詞who,whom,

whose,

which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句?Doyouknowwhosebookitis??Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.?Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate??Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時態(tài)。Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.HesaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.

當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.summerisafterspring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)

當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。主句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時、祈使句時根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時態(tài)一般過去時與原句相對應(yīng)的過去的時態(tài)客觀事實、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語等一律用一般現(xiàn)在時?DannysaysthathewilllearnEnglish.

?Doyouknowwherehecamefrom??PleasetellmehowIcangettothebusstation.無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。賓語從句的語序賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that+陳述句

if/whether+一般疑問句

特殊疑問詞+特殊疑問句時態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時主句為一般過去時一般過去時過去將來時過去進行時過去完成時語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序從句客觀真理時態(tài)不變從句可為任何時態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意，時態(tài)語序和連詞。時態(tài)主從要呼應(yīng)：主句若為現(xiàn)在時，從句時態(tài)隨句意；主句若為過去時，從句時態(tài)變過去；賓從若是表真理，時態(tài)不變無質(zhì)疑。語序要用陳述序，切莫照搬疑問句。That連接陳述句，省與不省要注意。從句若表“是否”時，if/whether要慎記。特殊問句作賓語，仍用原來疑問詞。三個問題需牢記，切莫丟東忘了西。賓語從句歌所謂感嘆句，就是用來表達喜怒哀樂等強烈情感的句子。近年來，感嘆句的構(gòu)成及轉(zhuǎn)換是中考常考的考點之一。感嘆句一般由“what”和“how”來開頭的句子“what”修飾名詞，“how”修飾形容詞和副詞。What和How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句“what”意為“多么”用作定語，修飾名詞（被強調(diào)部分），名詞前可有其它定語成份（即：形容詞或冠詞）。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要加不定冠詞a/an，復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。一般有三種形式，此時what為形容詞，作定語，用來修飾它后面的名詞或詞組。1.what+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語+謂語！?What

aninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀！?What

agoodgirlsheis!她是個多么好的一個女孩??！2.what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語！?Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀！?Whatbadweatheritis!多么糟糕的天氣！

3.what+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主語+謂語!?Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花?。?

Whatgoodstudentstheyare!他們是多么好的學(xué)生??！

“how”意為“多么”，用作狀語，修飾形容詞或副詞（被強調(diào)部分）。如果修飾形容詞，則句中的謂語動詞用系動詞；如果how修飾副詞，則句中的謂語動詞用行為動詞。How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句有三種結(jié)構(gòu)形式。此時how是副詞，用來修飾其的形容詞

或副詞，也可以修飾動詞。1.How+形容詞+主語+謂語！例如：

?Howcolditistoday!

今天多么冷呀！

?Howhotitistoday!

今天多么熱呀！

2.How+副詞+主語+謂語！例如：?Howhappytheylook!他們顯得多么高興呀！?Howfastheruns!

他跑得多么快呀！

3.

How+主語+謂語（陳述句）！例如：?Howheloveshisson!他是多么的愛他的兒子！?Howtimeflies!光陰似箭！what修飾名詞What+名詞+陳述語序What+a/an+形容詞+名詞+陳述語序What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+陳述語序What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+陳述語序how修飾形容詞，副詞或動詞:How+形容詞+a/an+名詞+陳述語序How+形容詞或副詞+陳述語序HowVSWhat1.think/LanternFestival/beautiful

IthinkthattheLanternFestivalisbeautiful.2.don’tknow/whether/he/comehome/forthefestival__________________________________________________________________________3.believe/WaterFestival/most/fun___________________________________________4aWritesentencesusingthewordsgiven.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomehomeforthefestival.IbelievethattheWaterFestivalisthemostfun.4.wonder/if/mooncakes/delicious_____________________________________________5.how/exciting/races____________________________________6.what/interesting/city______________________________________Jennywondersifthemooncakesaredelicious.Howexcitingtheracesare!Whataninterestingcity(itis)!4b

Readthepassagebelowandunderlinetheobjectiveclauses.IfpossiblewriteyourownsentencesaboutMother’sDayandFather’sDayusingobjectiveclauses.DearXiaYu,DoyouknowthattherearetwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica?OneisMother’sDayonthesecondSundayofMay,andtheotherisFather’sDayonthethirdSundayofJune.Onthesetwodays,Americanchildrenoftengivegiftstotheirparentsortakethemoutforlunchordinner.Commongiftsareflowersandcardsformothersandshirtsortiesforfathers.IheardthatitisbecomingmoreandmorepopulartocelebrateMother’sDayandFather’sDayinChina.Iwonderifchildrenovertherealsogivesimilargiftstotheirparents.Ibelievethattherearemanywaystoshowourlove.Actually,wedon’thavetospendalotof

money.Itisalsoagoodideatohelpparentstodosomethinginstead.

June4cWhichfestivaldoyoulikebest?Askyourgroupandreporttotheclass.e.g.Inourgroup,David’sfavoritefestivalis...Hethinksthat…Inourgroup,David’sfavoritefestivalisHalloween.HethinksthatonthatdaychildrenwillwearspecialcostumeswithmasktotakepartinHalloweenparty.Andplay“trickortreat”.Sample:Ⅰ.用正確的形式填空。1.Theradiosaysit__________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything________well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey_____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey________________(return)italready.Exerciseswillbegoeswereplayinghavereturned5.Hesaidthatthey___________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey___________ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight________fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou___________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters________from.(be)havebeenweredoingtravelsaretalkingwereⅡ.單選。1._____foodyou'vecooked!A.

Howanice

B.WhataniceC.Hownice

D.Whatnice2._____terribleweatherwe'vebeenhavingthesedays!

A.What

B.Whata

C.How

D.Howa3.—Withthehelpofdoctors,theboycanseeagain.

—_____heis!A.WhatlucklyB.Whataluck

C.Howlucky