秘籍06 閱讀理解-七選五-備戰(zhàn)2023年高考英語(yǔ)搶分秘籍解析版（全國(guó)通用）

秘籍06閱讀理解-七選五目錄高考預(yù)測(cè)考查概率預(yù)測(cè)；難度預(yù)測(cè)；考向預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)試秘籍?？碱}型解題技法分析典例剖析單題訓(xùn)練（文體分類(lèi)）篇章模考題訓(xùn)練誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)點(diǎn)梳理習(xí)題訓(xùn)練鞏固名校模擬2023最新省市名校模擬題考點(diǎn)綜合訓(xùn)練高考預(yù)測(cè)概率預(yù)測(cè)☆☆☆☆☆難度預(yù)測(cè)☆☆☆☆考向預(yù)測(cè)小標(biāo)題類(lèi)型；隱含式小標(biāo)題類(lèi)型（文章中心明確）——重點(diǎn)看標(biāo)題無(wú)小標(biāo)題類(lèi)型；一般為說(shuō)明文；重點(diǎn)看主旨句應(yīng)試秘籍技巧一：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷——因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結(jié)果之間的關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系往往說(shuō)明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關(guān)系的連詞有asaresult結(jié)果，thus/therefore因此，so(such)...如此……以至于等。技巧二：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷——轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句構(gòu)成逆轉(zhuǎn)邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話(huà)之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯的句子。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連接詞有：However然而,nevertheless仍然，然而，不過(guò),nonetheless盡管如此，依然，然而,still還；然而,though可是，不過(guò)，然而,yet然而,inspiteof不顧，不管,atanyrate無(wú)論如何，至少,inanycase無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣,whoever無(wú)論是誰(shuí),whatever無(wú)論什么，onthecontrary正相反,incontrast與此相反,相比之下,bycontrast相反,相比之下等。技巧三：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷——例證關(guān)系前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質(zhì)而言無(wú)非是思維上的形象（例子、類(lèi)比等）和抽象（觀(guān)點(diǎn)）的辯證關(guān)系，用到的思維過(guò)程無(wú)非就是基本的歸納（從例子到觀(guān)點(diǎn)）和推理（從觀(guān)點(diǎn)到例子）。技巧四：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷——遞進(jìn)關(guān)系遞進(jìn)關(guān)系主要指英語(yǔ)行文中后句對(duì)前句是一種順承邏輯關(guān)系。如果空格前后兩句話(huà)之間是邏輯上的層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的連詞有：also也,而且,further另外(的)；,furthermore而且，此外，likewise同樣地，照樣地；也，又，similarly相似地，類(lèi)似地，moreover而且再者，此外，inaddition另外，加之，what’smore更重要的是,too也，還,either也,neither兩者都不,notonly…butalso不但……而且等。技巧五：從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷——平列關(guān)系表示列舉關(guān)系的有：first首先，第一；second第二；third第三……；firstly第一，首先，secondly第二(點(diǎn))；其次，thirdly第三……；first第一，next其次，then那么，然后……；inthefirstplace第一，首先；inthesecondplace第二,，其次……；foronething首先，一則，foranotherthing其次……；tobeginwith首先，第一；toconclude首先，第一，等。技巧六：從詞匯線(xiàn)索上判斷——代詞英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中的代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。技巧七：從詞匯線(xiàn)索上判斷——同義詞/近義詞英語(yǔ)前言后語(yǔ)之間往往有同義詞、近義詞、近義表達(dá)語(yǔ)甚至相同詞匯的重復(fù)使用，這是我們解題的一個(gè)很好的判斷線(xiàn)索。其實(shí)就其本質(zhì)而言，上文講的代詞和下文將涉及的上下義詞和同一范疇詞都是特殊的同義/近義詞。技巧八：從詞匯線(xiàn)索上判斷——上下義詞/同一范疇詞上下義詞和同一范疇詞就是前者包含了后者，或可以說(shuō)后者是前者的一個(gè)子集。利用前后句中這樣的特殊的同義關(guān)系常?？梢院茌p松地解題。技巧九：從試題位置上判斷——問(wèn)題在段首假如問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)在段首，它通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。另外著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線(xiàn)索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會(huì)有某種的銜接手段，尤其當(dāng)選項(xiàng)是幾句話(huà)時(shí)。技巧十：從試題位置上判斷——問(wèn)題在段尾所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開(kāi)頭是否有一定的銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開(kāi)頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來(lái)。分析與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或是對(duì)比關(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來(lái)，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。段尾通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。典例剖析例1EvaluatingSources（來(lái)源）ofhealthInformationMakinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthyinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation，howtoseparatefactfromopinions，howtorecognizepoorreasoning，andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.1Gototheoriginalsource...Watchformisleadinglanguage...Useyourcommonsense...5Friendsandfamilymemberscanbeagreatsourceofideasandinspiration，buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus...A.Makechoicethatarerightforyou.B.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.C.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.D.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.E.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsandpublichealthadvice.F.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthorspointofview.G.Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefromcommonsources.答案1.G。5.A。分析部分同學(xué)可能忽略了文章的結(jié)構(gòu)而造成錯(cuò)選答案。本篇的短文結(jié)構(gòu)為“總-分”。gototheoriginalsource，watchformisleadinglanguage，useyourcommonsense以及makechoicesthatarerightforyou，都屬于作者對(duì)辨別正確的健康信息提供的建議。因此得出：第一空（總述）的答案為G；再根據(jù)空5后的buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus.與A項(xiàng)Makechoicesthatarerightforyou.相對(duì)應(yīng)，故空5選A。點(diǎn)撥文章的層次通常包含兩種：一種是分析整篇文章的層次，另一種是分析每個(gè)段落內(nèi)部的層次。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，高考的英語(yǔ)文章，無(wú)論是整篇文章，還是每個(gè)獨(dú)立的語(yǔ)段，在行文邏輯上，通常采用的都是“總-分”或“總-分-總”結(jié)構(gòu)。同學(xué)們?cè)陂喿x文章時(shí)，要有意識(shí)地理清文章的思路。例2、First,understandthatsomeopportunities(機(jī)會(huì))fordaydreamingarebetterthanothers.Feelingsafeandrelaxedwillhelpyoutoslipintodaydreams.38Andifyouwanttoimproveyourchancesofhavingacreativeideawhileyou’redaydreaming,trytodoitwhileyouareinvolvedinanothertask—preferablysomethingsimple,liketakingashowerorwalking,orevenmakingmeaninglessdrawings.

A.Havinginterestingthingstothinkaboutalsohelps.B.Theystareoffintospaceandwanderbythemselves.C.Withoutwanderingminds,wewouldn’thaverelativity,CokeorPost-itnotes.【答案】A選項(xiàng)中的“alsohelps”與空前一句中的“help”對(duì)應(yīng),且兩句話(huà)主語(yǔ)形式統(tǒng)一,都說(shuō)的是做白日夢(mèng)的條件,故A項(xiàng)為正確答案。句意為“思考一些有趣的事情對(duì)此也有幫助”。例3、AschoolinMinnesotadecidedtoexperimentwithanew‘standingclassroom’design.Theyremovedthestandarddesksandreplacedthemwithhightables.Thesenewtablesareatchestlevelandhaveaswingingfootrest.7．Thestudentsappeartobemoreattentive,morealertandabletoconcentratebetter.Atthebeginningoftheexperiment,therewerenochairs,buttheschoolhasnowaddedsomehighchairsbecausenotallofthestudentswantedtostandallday.【答案】7．根據(jù)下文“Thestudentsappeartobemoreattentive,morealertandabletoconcentratebetter.(學(xué)生們似乎更專(zhuān)心、更機(jī)敏，注意力也更集中)”可知，明尼蘇達(dá)州學(xué)校的實(shí)驗(yàn)帶來(lái)了好處，與D項(xiàng)“Aswellastheexpectedhealthadvantages,teachershavenoticedotherimprovements.(除了預(yù)期的健康優(yōu)勢(shì)，教師們還注意到其他方面的改善)”構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，下文中“moreattentive,morealertandabletoconcentratebetter”與D項(xiàng)中“otherimprovements”相照應(yīng)，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選D項(xiàng)。例4、“Forthefirsttimesincethepandemicbeganuntilnow,theentireworldcametogether.Sportreturnedtocenterstage.4.Thisgivesushope.Thisgivesusfaithinthefuture.”saidBach,aformerOlympicfencinggoldmedalist.“TheOlympicGamesTokyo2020aretheOlympicGamesofhope,solidarityandpeace,”headded.DuringtheGames,whichranfor17days,339medalswereawardedin33sports,withskateboarding,surfing,sportclimbingandkaratemakingtheirOlympicdebuts.5.D.Billionsofpeoplearoundtheglobewereunitedbyemotion—sharingmomentsofjoyandinspirationE.Atotalof94countriesandregionsclaimedatleastonemedalthisyear,morethanatanyotherOlympicsF.Theyleftbehindalastingimpressionofsportsmanship,friendship,inspirationandhopeG.Therefore,theOlympicCommitteePresidentexpressedhisgratitudetoallthosewhohaddonetheirpartforthehard-earnedsuccess【4題詳解】上文“Forthefirsttimesincethepandemicbegan,theentireworldcametogether.Sportreturnedtocenterstage(自疫情爆發(fā)以來(lái)，全世界第一次相聚在一起。體育回到了中心舞臺(tái))”說(shuō)明體育運(yùn)動(dòng)讓人們面對(duì)疫情團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，“cametogether”與D項(xiàng)中的“united”一致，因此D項(xiàng)“全球數(shù)十億人因情感而團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，分享歡樂(lè)和鼓舞人心的時(shí)刻?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，引出下文“Thisgivesushope.Thisgivesusfaithinthefuture.(這給了我們希望。讓我們對(duì)未來(lái)充滿(mǎn)信心)”，this指代D項(xiàng)中的“Billionsofpeoplearoundtheglobewereunitedbyemotion(全球數(shù)十億人因情感而團(tuán)結(jié)在一起)”。故選D?！?題詳解】上文“DuringtheGames,whichranfor17days,339medalswereawardedin33sports,withskateboarding,surfing,sportclimbingandkaratemakingtheirOlympicdebuts(本屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)為期17天，共頒發(fā)了33個(gè)項(xiàng)目的339枚獎(jiǎng)牌，其中滑板、沖浪、運(yùn)動(dòng)攀巖和空手道首次參加奧運(yùn)會(huì))”講述東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的金牌獲得情況，E項(xiàng)中的“medal”與上文的“medals”相符，E項(xiàng)“共有94個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員獲得至少一枚獎(jiǎng)牌，超過(guò)其他任何一屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)”符合語(yǔ)境，與上文是并列關(guān)系。故選E。誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥[忽略關(guān)鍵信息而造成的錯(cuò)誤]例1Themigration（遷移）ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization，whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1990，fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today，over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.3Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties.A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecomeurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsago，onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.答案B。分析部分同學(xué)忽略了82%和2%都屬于100%這個(gè)整體數(shù)字的一部分，去掉82%和2%還有16%，故為“剩下的”（therest）。還有一部分同學(xué)可能沒(méi)有很好地利用文中的詞匯銜接信息?？崭袂俺霈F(xiàn)了40%、82%、2%這三個(gè)百分?jǐn)?shù)，屬于數(shù)字的一種，那么后文作為全段的一部分，很可能也是關(guān)于數(shù)量的句子。這是對(duì)同學(xué)們一種明顯的提示。點(diǎn)撥英語(yǔ)詞匯銜接關(guān)系分為詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)和同現(xiàn)關(guān)系。詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)指的是某一詞以原詞、同義詞、近義詞、上下義詞、概括詞或其他形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇中。文章的句子通過(guò)這種復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，達(dá)到相互銜接、意義完整。詞的同現(xiàn)關(guān)系指的是詞匯共同出現(xiàn)的傾向性。七選五閱讀語(yǔ)篇的上下文語(yǔ)境中往往有同義詞、近義詞、近義表達(dá)等，甚至有相同詞匯的重復(fù)使用。詞匯銜接關(guān)系是我們解題很好的線(xiàn)索。[忽略意義銜接而造成的錯(cuò)誤]例2TipsforcookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience，therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledontcookmoreoften：ability，moneyandtime.1MoneyisatopicIllsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule...A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.Makethreeorfourinstead.D.Understandyourfoodbetter.E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.答案B。分析同學(xué)們往往由于把握不準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵信息而造成選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第一句中的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞：ability，money，time，我們可知人們不經(jīng)常做飯有三個(gè)原因。下文先說(shuō)moneyisatopicIllsaveforanotherday（錢(qián)的問(wèn)題我們下次再說(shuō)），接著說(shuō)SotodayI...makethemostofthetime，談及了money和time。故空格處談?wù)摰膽?yīng)是與ability有關(guān)的話(huà)題。點(diǎn)撥同學(xué)們應(yīng)如何利用關(guān)鍵詞解題呢？具體而言，在解題時(shí)要比較文章和選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞。若匹配，則該選項(xiàng)很可能就是正確答案。具體步驟如下：（1）閱讀各個(gè)空格的前后句，標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞包括句中的核心名詞或名詞詞組、數(shù)詞、代詞、連詞等；（2）閱讀各個(gè)選項(xiàng)并標(biāo)記關(guān)鍵詞；（3）比較并匹配上述兩類(lèi)關(guān)鍵詞，最終確定答案。[忽略邏輯關(guān)系而造成的錯(cuò)誤]例3TipsforcookingonaTightScheduleSothinkaboutofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook？Doyouhavetherightmaterialsready？2Makeyourtimeworthit.Whenyoudofindtimetocookameal，makethemostofitandsaveyourselftimelateron.Areyoumakingoneloafofbread？3ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething.Sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal.A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.Makethreeorfourinstead.D.Understandyourfoodbetter.E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.答案3.C。分析部分同學(xué)可能忽略了語(yǔ)境中上下文前后句的意義銜接，而選擇錯(cuò)誤答案。根據(jù)Ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething，可知“一次多做一點(diǎn)面包與少做一點(diǎn)花費(fèi)的時(shí)間差不多”，再由本段最后一句sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal可知，一次多做一點(diǎn)面包還可以為未來(lái)節(jié)省精力。故作者建議我們：一次多做一些以備后用，從而讓我們的時(shí)間更有價(jià)值。點(diǎn)撥對(duì)于閱讀語(yǔ)篇句子間意義銜接的考查是閱讀補(bǔ)全七選五的?？键c(diǎn)之一。同學(xué)們?cè)诜治稣Z(yǔ)篇段落層次時(shí)，可以借助上下文、前后句間的語(yǔ)篇連接詞來(lái)判斷。此外，同學(xué)們要真正理解文章的主旨大意，弄清空格前后句子的確切含義，然后根據(jù)意義的連貫性從七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案。最后，同學(xué)們要將所選的選項(xiàng)代入原文，看短文語(yǔ)言是否通順，邏輯是否合理，從而驗(yàn)證答案。[忽略結(jié)構(gòu)銜接而造成的錯(cuò)誤]例4Kidshealth：FourstepsforfightingstressTrytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed：（1）Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp，reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talkto“trustedadult”，suchasparentorotherrelatives.2Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems，suchasdealingwithatest，orthedeathofabelovedpet.（2）Donttakeitoutonyourself...A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.B.Noticeyourfriendsfeelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.C.Differentpeoplefeelstressindifferentways.D.Ah，itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddontforgetaboutyourfriends.G.Then，findawaytocalmdown.答案2.F。分析部分同學(xué)可能沒(méi)有注意本空到與后文的邏輯關(guān)系。仔細(xì)閱讀短文，我們可以看出空格的上文指出：當(dāng)你需要幫助時(shí)，可以向關(guān)心自己的人求助，這些人包括自己的父母或親人，后文又說(shuō)他們也許有相似的經(jīng)歷，諸如在如何處理考試等事情上。掃遍7個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有F項(xiàng)合適，因?yàn)樽钣锌赡芘c我們?cè)谥T如考試這類(lèi)問(wèn)題上有相似經(jīng)歷的人自然是我們的朋友。其他選項(xiàng)均不相關(guān)。同學(xué)們通過(guò)選項(xiàng)F中的and這個(gè)并列連詞，可以推斷上下文之間為并列的邏輯關(guān)系。and和friends是兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵的解題提示。點(diǎn)撥文章中及后面的選項(xiàng)中表示邏輯關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞，是選擇答案的重要線(xiàn)索。常見(jiàn)的語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志詞從細(xì)節(jié)、邏輯上可分為：并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系（firstly，and，or，moreover，whatsmore...）；轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系（but，however，instead，yet...）；概括歸納關(guān)系（inshort，inbrief，insummary...）；因果關(guān)系（so，therefore，thus，asaresult...）；時(shí)間關(guān)系（atfirst，atlast，finally）；解釋例證關(guān)系（infact，forexample，forinstance...）。名校模擬練1.（2023·貴州·統(tǒng)考一模）LosingConfidence?4StepstoRegainConfidenceOh,thosevoicesinourheads!Youknowtheones.Theywhisperwordsofjudgmentanddoubt.____1____So,whatcanwedowhenwe’relosingconfidence?Step1:Figureouttherootcause.____2____So,takethetimetobecomeawareofyourenvironmentandyourrelationshipssothatyoucanidentifythenegativeinfluencesthatneedtobeaddressed.Step2:____3____Humanstendtorememberandreflectmoreonthenegativesinlife—pastpains,experiences,orfailures.So,forthisexercise,youwanttoforceyourselftowritedownthingsyouhavedoneinyourpastthathavegottenyoutowhereyouaretoday.Nomomentistoosmall.Step3:Strikeapose.Intheelevator,hallway,orthebathroomyouvisitonyourwaytowhateveritisthathasshakenyourfaithinyouandyourabilities,youdowhatshetoldmewascalled“theWonderWomanpose”.Simplyput,youstandstraight,takeupsomespace,putonehandoneachhip,chintiltedupward,breathein,andbepresent.____4____It’soneofthepowerposesbysocialpsychologistAmyCuddy.Step4:Justsay“no”.Losingconfidencemeansyou’vegivenyourpoweraway.Andoneofthefastestwaystotakebackyourpoweristoutteratinytwo-letterword:NO.Startoffsmall.____5____Thenjustsay“no”toit.A．Holdthisposeforafewminutes.B．Areyoustillfeelingupset?C．Reflectmoreonthenegativesinlife.D．Islookingthroughyoursocialmediadoingsomedamagetoyourmentalstate?E．Knowingwhyyou’relosingconfidenceiskeytoregainingit.F．Everyonelacksconfidenceoccasionally.G．Rememberwhoyouare.【答案】1．F

2．E

3．G

4．A

5．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了四個(gè)可以讓你重獲信心的方法。1．根據(jù)后文“So,whatcanwedowhenwe’relosingconfidence?(那么，當(dāng)我們失去信心的時(shí)候，我們能做什么呢？)”可知，此處講述的是失去信心的情況。由此可知，選項(xiàng)F.“每個(gè)人偶爾都會(huì)缺乏自信?！蹦軌蜚暯酉挛模险Z(yǔ)境。故選F。2．空處處于段首，所以應(yīng)該起概括段落的內(nèi)容。結(jié)合段落標(biāo)題“Figureouttherootcause(找到根本原因)”可知，此處講述的是要找到讓你喪失信心的根源。由此可知，選項(xiàng)E.“知道為什么你正在失去自信是重新獲得自信的關(guān)鍵?！焙投温錁?biāo)題的意義相符，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。3．空處為段落主題句。結(jié)合段落主題句式的特點(diǎn)，此處也用祈使句。結(jié)合下文“So,forthisexercise,youwanttoforceyourselftowritedownthingsyouhavedoneinyourpastthathavegottenyoutowhereyouaretoday.Nomomentistoosmall.(所以，在這個(gè)練習(xí)中，你要強(qiáng)迫自己寫(xiě)下你過(guò)去做過(guò)的事情，這些事情讓你走到了今天。任何時(shí)刻都不能太短暫)”可知，此處講述的是一定要認(rèn)識(shí)自我。由此可知，選項(xiàng)G.“記住你是誰(shuí)?！睆?qiáng)調(diào)要認(rèn)識(shí)自我，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。4．根據(jù)后文“It’soneofthepowerposesbysocialpsychologistAmyCuddy.(這是社會(huì)心理學(xué)家AmyCuddy的強(qiáng)力姿勢(shì)之一)”可知，一個(gè)姿勢(shì)也可以讓你重獲信心。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A.“保持這個(gè)姿勢(shì)幾分鐘?！焙秃笪牡倪壿嬕恢?，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。5．根據(jù)前文“Startoffsmall(從小事開(kāi)始)”及后文“Thenjustsay‘no’toit.(那么對(duì)它說(shuō)“不”)”可知，空處應(yīng)列舉說(shuō)明生活小事。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D.“瀏覽你的社交媒體會(huì)對(duì)你的精神狀態(tài)造成傷害嗎？”通過(guò)問(wèn)題形式，舉出事例瀏覽社交媒體對(duì)人是有害的，與下文形成呼應(yīng)，it代詞指代社交媒體，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。2.（2023·廣西·統(tǒng)考三模）Whenhighschoolstudentsspendtimememorizingandrecitingapoem,theydevelopconfidencebyengagingdeeplywithlanguage.HerearemyfiveCs-thingsI’veobservedfromseveralyearsofteachingstudentsthroughPoetryOutLoud,fromselectingapoemtoperformingatthestatecompetition.Choice.____6____Studentslearnhowtosearchforpoems,andtheyhavecompletediscretion(判斷力)overthepoemtheywillperform.Studentsoftengravitate(被吸引)topoemsthatfittheirreadinglevelandalsomatchapersonalinterestorphilosophy,whichisgreat.Buttherearealsolotsofunexpectedmismatchesthatendupstretchingstudents’skillsinwaysateachercouldnotworkout.Concretelearningtask.Learningjustonepoemwellgivesstudentsafiniteandconcentratedexperiencewithlanguage.____7____I’veseenstudentswithallmannerofchallengesgetupanddosomethingtheythoughtwasimpossible,inlargepartbecauseitinvolvesasingle,repeatedexercise.Continuinglearning.Studentslearnapoemthatwilllikelystaywiththemforyears,ifnotforever.Poemscontainmysteriesandcomplexitiesthatrevealthemselvesslowly-andsometimesevensuddenly-overtime.____8____Confidence.Recitationistheperfectintroductiontopublicspeakingskills.Allstudentsneedtobeabletospeakeffectivelyinfrontofothers.____9____Studentslearnelementsofphysicalpresence,voice,speed,volume,andtonewithouthavingtopresenttheirownwork,whichismorefrighteningformoststudents.____10____Studentsarenotaskedtomemorizemuchanymore,yetmanyofthemtakepleasureintheactofrepetitionandremembering.Theyliketestingthemselvesandrealizingthattheycaninfactrecalllines.ForEnglishlanguagelearners,manyautisticstudents,andotherexceptionallearners,recitingpoetryisanespeciallypowerfulwaytounderstandlanguageandbuildconfidence.Forourkidswhoneedsmallvictories,masteringonepoemisawelcomerelief.A．Practicememorizingpoems.B．Challengingmemoryandrecall.C．Thisisthefirststepoftheexercise.D．Performingapoemisabitlikeacting.E．Andeverystudentcanlearnonepoem.F．Therefore,itisalastingcoursetolearnpoems.G．Asaresult,itisbeneficialforstudentstolearnpoems.【答案】6．C

7．E

8．F

9．D

10．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是作者通過(guò)PoetryOutLoud教學(xué)生的幾年里觀(guān)察到的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的方法。6．空前說(shuō)“Choice.(選擇。)”，是作者要講的第一個(gè)所觀(guān)察到的學(xué)生的行為，C選項(xiàng)“Thisisthefirststepoftheexercise.(這是練習(xí)的第一步。)”說(shuō)明了這是第一步，也是作者第一個(gè)要說(shuō)的內(nèi)容，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。7．空前說(shuō)“Learningjustonepoemwellgivesstudentsafiniteandconcentratedexperiencewithlanguage.(只要學(xué)好一首詩(shī)，學(xué)生就能獲得有限而集中的語(yǔ)言體驗(yàn)。)”，空格處應(yīng)該對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)一首詩(shī)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的講解，E選項(xiàng)“Andeverystudentcanlearnonepoem.(每個(gè)學(xué)生都可以學(xué)一首詩(shī)。)”中的“l(fā)earnonepoem”和空前“Learningjustonepoem”相一致，重申了學(xué)生都可以學(xué)習(xí)一首詩(shī)，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。8．空前說(shuō)“Studentslearnapoemthatwilllikelystaywiththemforyears,ifnotforever.Poemscontainmysteriesandcomplexitiesthatrevealthemselvesslowly-andsometimesevensuddenly-overtime.(學(xué)生們學(xué)到的一首詩(shī)可能會(huì)伴隨他們很多年，甚至永遠(yuǎn)。詩(shī)歌包含著神秘和復(fù)雜，它們會(huì)隨著時(shí)間慢慢地——有時(shí)甚至是突然地——展現(xiàn)出來(lái)。)”，這說(shuō)明學(xué)詩(shī)對(duì)學(xué)生的影響是持久的，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Therefore,itisalastingcoursetolearnpoems.(因此，學(xué)詩(shī)是一門(mén)持久的課程。)”說(shuō)明了學(xué)詩(shī)是持久的，因此承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。9．空前說(shuō)“Recitationistheperfectintroductiontopublicspeakingskills.Allstudentsneedtobeabletospeakeffectivelyinfrontofothers.(背誦是公眾演講技巧的完美入門(mén)。所有的學(xué)生都需要能夠在別人面前有效地說(shuō)話(huà)。)”，空后說(shuō)“Studentslearnelementsofphysicalpresence,voice,speed,volume,andtonewithouthavingtopresenttheirownwork,whichismorefrighteningformoststudents.(學(xué)生們無(wú)需展示自己的作品，就可以學(xué)習(xí)身體展示、聲音、速度、音量和語(yǔ)氣等要素，這對(duì)大多數(shù)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)更可怕。)”，說(shuō)明把詩(shī)表演出來(lái)像是演戲，D選項(xiàng)“Performingapoemisabitlikeacting.(表演一首詩(shī)有點(diǎn)像表演。)”說(shuō)明了在公開(kāi)場(chǎng)合背詩(shī)就像表演，因此承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。10．空格處是本段主題句，由空后的“Studentsarenotaskedtomemorizemuchanymore,yetmanyofthemtakepleasureintheactofrepetitionandremembering.Theyliketestingthemselvesandrealizingthattheycaninfactrecalllines.(學(xué)生們不再被要求記憶太多東西，但他們中的許多人卻從重復(fù)和記憶中獲得樂(lè)趣。他們喜歡測(cè)試自己，并意識(shí)到他們實(shí)際上可以回憶起臺(tái)詞。)”可知，本段主要講的是學(xué)生在學(xué)詩(shī)時(shí)會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)他們的記憶力，B選項(xiàng)“Challengingmemoryandrecall.(挑戰(zhàn)記憶和回憶。)”概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選B。3.（2023·貴州畢節(jié)·統(tǒng)考一模）SimpleStepstoHelpYouCopeWithAnxietyAnxietyinvolvesfeelingsofworry,fear,anddepress.Anxietyistypicallyexperiencedoncognitive,emotional,andphysicallevels.Whenfeelinganxiousapersonmayhavenegativeordisturbingthoughts.____11____StopandbreatheWhenanxietyappears,practicethissimplebreathingtechnique:Beginbygettingintoacomfortableseatedposition.Closeyoureyesandbreatheslowlythroughyournose.Followthisinhalation(吸入)withadeepexhalation.____12____,inandoutofyournose.Allowyourbreathtobeaguidetothepresent.Figureoutwhat’sbotheringyouInordertogettotherootofyouranxiety、youneedtofigureoutwhat’sbotheringyou.Writinginajournalcanbeagreatwaytogetintouchwithyoursourcesofanxiety.Ifanxiousfeelingsseemtobekeepingyouupatnight,trykeepingajournalornotepadnexttoyourbed.____13____.____14____Replaceyourfearsbychangingyourattitudeaboutthem.Forexample,stopfearingtoloseyourjobandinsteadfocusonhowgratefulyouaretohaveajob.Cometoworkdeterminedtodoyourbest.Insteadoffearingyourlovedone’ssafety,spendtimewiththem,orexpressyourappreciationofthem.Focusonsomethinglessanxiety-provokingAttimes,itmaybemosthelpfultosimplyredirectyourselftofocusonsomethingotherthanyouranxiety.Dosomechoresororganizingaroundthehouse.____15____suchasdrawing,painting,orwriting.Goforawalkorengageinsomeotherformofphysicalexercise.A．ReadsomejokesB．TakepartinacreativeactivityC．FocusonwhatyoucanchangeD．ContinuetobreathedeeplyandfullyE．WritedownallofthethingsthatarebotheringyouF．Therefore,therearesomeusefulstepsyoucan.taketobehappyG．Fortunately,therearesomesimplestepsyoucantaketomanageyouranxiety【答案】11．G

12．D

13．E

14．C

15．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮提出了四條建議。11．根據(jù)空前“Anxietyinvolvesfeelingsofworry,fear,anddepress.Anxietyistypicallyexperiencedoncognitive,emotional,andphysicallevels.Whenfeelinganxiousapersonmayhavenegativeordisturbingthoughts.(焦慮包括擔(dān)心、恐懼和沮喪的感覺(jué)。焦慮通常表現(xiàn)在認(rèn)知、情緒和身體層面。當(dāng)感到焦慮時(shí)，一個(gè)人可能會(huì)有消極或令人不安的想法。)”可知此處在講焦慮的表現(xiàn)以及影響，空處承上啟下，根據(jù)后文的四條建議可知空處應(yīng)該說(shuō)講的是有一些建議可以幫著我們應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮，G項(xiàng)Fortunately,therearesomesimplestepsyoucantaketomanageyouranxiety(幸運(yùn)的是，你可以采取一些簡(jiǎn)單的措施來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)你的焦慮)指出有一些建議可以幫助我們來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮，承接上文，又引出下文，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。12．根據(jù)本段主題句“Stopandbreathe(停下來(lái)，深呼吸)”以及空前“Whenanxietyappears,practicethissimplebreathingtechnique:Beginbygettingintoacomfortableseatedposition.Closeyoureyesandbreatheslowlythroughyournose.Followthisinhalation(吸入)withadeepexhalation.(當(dāng)焦慮出現(xiàn)時(shí)，練習(xí)這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的呼吸技巧:從一個(gè)舒適的坐姿開(kāi)始。閉上眼睛，用鼻子慢慢呼吸。然后深呼吸。)”可知此處講的是當(dāng)焦慮出現(xiàn)時(shí)應(yīng)該怎樣呼吸，根據(jù)空后“inandoutofyournose.Allowyourbreathtobeaguidetothepresent.(從鼻子里呼出來(lái)。讓你的呼吸成為當(dāng)下的向?qū)А?”可知空后是在講這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的呼吸是如何進(jìn)行的，空處承上啟下，依據(jù)空后的逗號(hào)，所以空處講的應(yīng)該也是應(yīng)該怎樣呼吸，D項(xiàng)Continuetobreathedeeplyandfully(繼續(xù)深呼吸)承接上文繼續(xù)續(xù)講呼吸的技巧，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。13．根據(jù)本段主題句“Figureoutwhat’sbotheringyou(弄清楚是什么在困擾你)”以及空前“Ifanxiousfeelingsseemtobekeepingyouupatnight,trykeepingajournalornotepadnexttoyourbed.(如果焦慮的感覺(jué)讓你晚上無(wú)法入睡，試著在床邊放一本日記或記事本。)”可知如果感到焦慮，我們應(yīng)該通過(guò)記日記的方式搞清楚原因，空處位于段末，應(yīng)對(duì)前文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是要將困擾自己的事情統(tǒng)統(tǒng)寫(xiě)下來(lái),E項(xiàng)“Writedownallofthethingsthatarebotheringyou(寫(xiě)下所有困擾你的事情)”點(diǎn)明要寫(xiě)下所有困擾自己的事情，對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。14．空處為本段主題句。根據(jù)空后“Replaceyourfearsbychangingyourattitudeaboutthem.Forexample,stopfearingtoloseyourjobandinsteadfocusonhowgratefulyouaretohaveajob.Cometoworkdeterminedtodoyourbest.Insteadoffearingyourlovedone’ssafety,spendtimewiththem,orexpressyourappreciationofthem.(通過(guò)改變你對(duì)恐懼的態(tài)度來(lái)取代恐懼。例如，不要再擔(dān)心失去工作，而是專(zhuān)注于你對(duì)擁有一份工作的感激之情。來(lái)工作的時(shí)候一定要做到最好。與其擔(dān)心你所愛(ài)的人的安全，不如花時(shí)間和他們?cè)谝黄?，或者表達(dá)你對(duì)他們的感激之情。)”可知本段主要講的是要改變對(duì)恐懼的態(tài)度，即：要專(zhuān)注于自己所有的東西而不是擔(dān)心失去某些東西，C項(xiàng)Focusonwhatyoucanchange(專(zhuān)注于你能改變的)給我們指出了對(duì)于自己擔(dān)心的事情應(yīng)該怎么做，概括本段內(nèi)容，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。15．根據(jù)本段主題句“Focusonsomethinglessanxiety-provoking(專(zhuān)注于一些不那么令人焦慮的事情)”以及空前“Dosomechoresororganizingaroundthehouse.(做一些家務(wù)或整理房子。)”可知此處講的是要從事一些不那么令人焦慮的活動(dòng)來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮，根據(jù)空后“suchasdrawing,painting,orwriting.Goforawalkorengageinsomeotherformofphysicalexercise.(如繪畫(huà)、繪畫(huà)或?qū)懽?。出去散散步或者進(jìn)行一些其他形式的體育鍛煉。)”可知此處列舉了一些有創(chuàng)意的活動(dòng)，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是要參加一些積極的有創(chuàng)意的活動(dòng)，B項(xiàng)Takepartinacreativeactivity(參加一項(xiàng)有創(chuàng)意的活動(dòng))承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。4.（2023·廣西南寧·統(tǒng)考一模）Wehumansoftennavigate(導(dǎo)航)usingroadsignsandGPS.___16___ConnieAllen,abehavioralecologistintheU.K.,saystheynavigateoverlongdistancesusingtheirincrediblememories.___17___AllenandhercolleaguesinvestigatedthatideabytestingAfricanelephants'abilitytotrackaveryspecificsmell:urine(尿液)．___18___．Thaturinecancontainalotofchemicalclues．Butfirst,theyneededsomeurine.SotheyheadedtoaspotalongBotswana'sRiverandwaited.Theywaitedforelephantstourinate.Within20minutes,theywentandcollectedthesefreshurinesamples.Thentheysetupcameratrapsonelephanttrails.___19___,theynoticedthatamajorityinvestigatedsmellsalongthetrails.Theresearcherssaythatsmellsmayserveassignsalongthetrails.___20___.Andtheyfoundthatforatleasttwodays,passingelephantstrainedtheirtrunksonthesamples-especiallysamplesfrommatureadults-anotherindicationthatsmellmightbeastrongnavigationalclue.TheirfindingsappearinthejournalAnimalBehaviour.Basedontheseresults,theyhopeconservationistsmightbeabletouseelephanturinetohelpwiththeirwork.A．Elephantsdon't,thoughB．BycatchingtheelephantsalongthetrailsC．Elephantsurinatesome12to15gallonsadayD．Next,theyplacedthoseurinesamplesalongthetrailsE．Finally,theytestedthechemicalsoftheurinesamplesF．Afterobservingtheelephants'naturalbehavioronthepathsG．Butshealsosuggeststhatmaybethesmellisvitaltothelongmovements【答案】16．A

17．G

18．C

19．F

20．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要說(shuō)明研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大象可以依據(jù)尿液的味道導(dǎo)航路線(xiàn)。16．根據(jù)前文“Wehumansoftennavigate(導(dǎo)航)usingroadsignsandGPS.(我們?nèi)祟?lèi)依靠GPS導(dǎo)航。)”和后文“ConnieAllen,abehavioralecologistintheU.K.,saystheynavigateoverlongdistancesusingtheirincrediblememories.(英國(guó)行為生態(tài)學(xué)家ConnieAllen說(shuō)道，它們根據(jù)非凡的記憶來(lái)導(dǎo)航。)”可知，前一句說(shuō)人類(lèi)是依靠GPS導(dǎo)航，后一句說(shuō)他們依據(jù)記憶來(lái)導(dǎo)航，從而可以推斷出A項(xiàng)“然而，大象卻不這樣?！狈?，此空引出大象及其導(dǎo)航方式。故選A項(xiàng)。17．根據(jù)空前“ConnieAllen,abehavioralecologistintheU.K.,saystheynavigateoverlongdistancesusingtheirincrediblememories.(英國(guó)行為生態(tài)學(xué)家ConnieAllen說(shuō)道，他們根據(jù)非凡的記憶來(lái)導(dǎo)航。)”可知，上文說(shuō)道大象依據(jù)記憶來(lái)導(dǎo)航，故G項(xiàng)“但是她也認(rèn)為，也許它們是通過(guò)味道來(lái)辨別方向的?！狈?，且下文主要的內(nèi)容是說(shuō)明大象是如何依據(jù)味道來(lái)辯別路線(xiàn)方向。故選G項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)前文“AllenandhercolleaguesinvestigatedthatideabytestingAfricanelephants'abilitytotrackaveryspecificsmell:urine(尿液)．(Allen和她的同事通過(guò)檢測(cè)非洲象追蹤特殊味道——尿液——的能力來(lái)調(diào)查這一想法。）”和后文“Thaturinecancontainalotofchemicalclues．（這種尿液包含著大量的化學(xué)線(xiàn)索。)”可知，此空前文和后文內(nèi)容都跟大象排尿相關(guān)，下文說(shuō)大象尿液中含有多種化學(xué)線(xiàn)索，從而可以推斷出此空以大象的排尿量作為上下文的銜接，故項(xiàng)“大象每天排尿12-15加侖?！狈稀９蔬xC項(xiàng)。19．根據(jù)后文“theynoticedthatamajorityinvestigatedsmellsalongthetrails.(他們注意到，大多數(shù)的大象沿著小路尋找氣味。)”可知，此空后面有逗號(hào)，故可推斷本空考查的是一個(gè)半句，故F項(xiàng)“在觀(guān)察了大象在路上的自然行為后”符合，空后是本空的順義承接，在觀(guān)察了大象在路上的自然行為后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)大象沿著小路尋找氣味，故選F項(xiàng)。20．根據(jù)第三段“Butfirst,theyneededsomeurine.(但是，首先，他們需要一些尿液。)”和第四段“Thentheysetupcameratrapsonelephanttrails.(然后，他們?cè)诖笙笮旭偮飞显O(shè)立了照相機(jī)。)”可以推斷出此空應(yīng)該用表示順承關(guān)系的Next...，或者表總結(jié)關(guān)系的Finally...，在根據(jù)空后“Andtheyfoundthatforatleasttwodays,passingelephantstrainedtheirtrunksonthesamples-especiallysamplesfrommatureadults-anotherindicationthatsmellmightbeastrongnavigationalclue.(并且他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，至少兩天，路過(guò)的大象用鼻子聞樣本——尤其是成年大象的樣本，這是另一個(gè)證明，證明氣味是大象的導(dǎo)航線(xiàn)索。)”可知，空后提出大象一路上用鼻子聞樣本，故D項(xiàng)“接下來(lái)，他們把這些樣本放在路上”符合，故選D項(xiàng)。5.（2023·四川綿陽(yáng)·四川省綿陽(yáng)南山中學(xué)校考三模）Oneofthekeystoachievingyourgoalsinlifeistostayfocusedonthemostimportantones.Effectivehumandevelopmentisdeterminedbytheextenttowhichyouarefocusedinyoureverydaylife.__21__Herearesometipstohelpyoustayfocused.Doawaywithallunnecessarydistractions.Ifyouwanttostayfocusedonachievingyourdreams,youmustrecognizethosethingsthatserveasdistractions.___22___Nomatterhowdifficultitis,youwillrealizethatgettingridoftheminyourlifeisworthwhile.Developnewhabits.Whenyouwanttoremoveahabitthatkeepsyoufromstayingfocused,thebestwayistotrytoformnewhabitsthatreplacethem._23_.Developinganewhabitisagradualprocess.Withtime,ifyouremainfocusedtowardthechangeyouwillgetapositiveoutcome._24_Takingtimeoffhelpsrefreshyourmindandbody.Youcanstoptorelaxyourselfforawhilebygoingforahikeorcampingout.Goingoutintonaturewillactasagoodwaytorelaxyourmind.Developgoodrelationships.Youcanshareambitionsanddreamswithpeoplewhocanhelpyouachieveyourgoals__25__,andopenthedoorforpositivediscussionsthatcanhelpyoustayfocusedregardlessofthechallengesyou