湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市高塘嶺鎮(zhèn)第一中學(xué)2022年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市高塘嶺鎮(zhèn)第一中學(xué)2022年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.MillionsofRMByuan’sworthofdamagetotheenvironment______bythepoisonouschemicalthatflewintotheriver.A.beingcaused

B.hasbeencausedC.becaused

D.caused參考答案：B略2.—Ohno!We’retoolate.Thetrain______.—______.That’sOK.We’llcatchthenexttraintoLondon.

A.wasleaving

B.hadleft

C.hasleft

D.hasbeenleaving參考答案：C略3.—IhearMaryhasgonetoParisforherholiday.—Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenshe

?A.hadleft

B.leaves

C.hasleft

D.left參考答案：D4.—ThisbookbyTonyGarrisonisofgreatuseforourcourse.—ButIthinkthislatestoneis________worthreading.A．betterB．more

C．most

D．very參考答案：A5.Bears______fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughwintersleep.A.buildup

B.packup

C.bringup

D.takeup參考答案：A6.Agoodideacametoher__________shecouldlivewithherbestfriendinthatcityduringtheholiday.A．if

B．when

C．that

D．which參考答案：C略7.

wecanpassthecomingexaminationwillmainlydependon

welearnand

welearnit.

A.Whether;what;how

B.That;whether;why

C.If;how;that

D.Why;that;how參考答案：B略8.IaskedherifshewouldattendBarbara’spartytobeheldthenextweek,butshemadeno______.A.response

B.explanationC.concept

D.affection參考答案：A【分析】考查名詞辨析。【詳解】句意為：我問(wèn)她是否會(huì)參加下周舉辦的Barbara的晚會(huì)，她沒(méi)有回答。A.response回復(fù)

B.explanation解釋C.concept概念

D.affection喜愛(ài)，故選A。9.Hefelt

ofcheatingintheexam,decidingnevertodosuchthingsagain. A.shame B.ashamed C.sorry D.shameful參考答案：B試題分析：考查固定詞組。be/feelashamedof因……而羞愧,符合題意。shame不用于此結(jié)構(gòu);sorry應(yīng)與介詞for連用;shameful用來(lái)形容事物,表示“令人感到可恥的”。故選B。10.---DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?---________Ifeelabitcold.A.Ofcoursenot.

B.I’dratheryoudidn’t.C.Goahead.

D.Whynot?參考答案：B試題分析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。A當(dāng)然不；B我寧愿你不要這樣做；C去做吧；D為什么不？句意：—你介意我打開(kāi)窗戶嗎？—我寧愿你不要這樣做。我感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)冷。根據(jù)Ifeelabitcold.說(shuō)明我不愿意你打開(kāi)窗戶，故B正確。11.Aftertheprofessor,____theproject,madeacommentonthereport,themediafocusedonit.

A.wasopposedtocarryout

B.opposedtocarryout

C.opposecarryingout

D.opposedtocarryingout參考答案：D12.Itissaidthathismissingpaintingswere_____thepossessionofRussiansandtheywerevalued_____$500,000.A.in;to

B.in;at

C.under;at

D.to;for參考答案：B13.Chinaisgoinggreen.Inordertoreduceairpollutionandoil-shortages,automobilemanufacturershaveannouncedtheirplanstodevelophybridvehicles(混合燃料汽車(chē))fortheChinesemarket.Toyota’shybridcarPriuswillbereadytodriveinChinathisweek.Let’shavealookatthenewcar.Anyvehicleisahybridwhenitcombinestwoormoresourcesofpower.Hybridcarsrunoffarechargeablebatteryandgasoline.Hybridcarshavespecialengines,whicharesmallerthantraditionalgasolineengines.Theyrunat99percentoftheirpowerwhenthecariscruising(勻速行駛).Aspeciallydesignedbatterymotorprovidesextrapowerforrunninguphillsorwhenextraaccelerationisneeded.StepintoaPrius,andturnontheengine.Thefirstthingyounoticeishowmuchquieteritisthanatraditionalcar.Atthispoint,thecar’sgasolineengineisdormant(休眠).Theelectricmotorwillprovidepoweruntilthecarreachesabout24km/h.Ifyoustayatalowspeed,youareeffectivelydrivinganelectriccar,withnogasolinebeingused,andnowastegasgivesoff.Theonboard(車(chē)載的)computermakesthedecisionaboutwhentouseagasengine,whentogoelectric,andwhentouseacombinationofthetwo.Ifyougoover24km/h,whenyousteponthegaspedal(油門(mén)),youareactuallytellingthecomputerhowfastyouwanttogo.Theelectronicmotorrechargesautomaticallyusingasetofbatteries.Whendrivingathighspeed,thegasolineenginenotonlypowersthecar,butalsochargesthebatteries.Anytimeyouusethebrake,theelectricmotorinthewheelswillworklikeageneratorandproduceelectricitytorechargethebatteries.Asaconsequence,thecar’sbatterieswilllastforaround200,000miles.54.Theauthorwritesthispassagemainlyto

.A.teachpeoplehowtodriveahybridcar

B.introduceanewkindof“green”carC.showhowtosavetheirgasolinewhendrivingacarD.announceplanstodevelophybridvehiclesforChina55.Thefirstsentenceprobablyrefersto

.A.therewillbemoreandmoregreenlandinChinaB.ChinaisstillyoungandlackingexperienceC.China’snewcarsarecombinationsofdifferentgreenmodelsD.Chinahasstartedproducingenvironmentallyfriendlycars56.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTtrue?A.Thehybridcarsreduceairpollutionandoil-shortages.B.Thecar’sgasolineenginedoesn’tworkuntilitreachesabout24km/h.C.Thiskindofcariscompletelycontrolledbyanonboardcomputer.D.Aspeciallydesignedbatterymotorprovidesextrapowerwhenneeded.57.WhatistheMOSTimportantcharacteristicofhybridcars?A.Theyarepoweredbybotharechargeablebatteryandgasoline.B.Theyaremuchquieterthantraditionalcars.C.Theyonlyuse99percentoftheirpowertorunuphills.D.Theyhavesmallerenginesthantraditionalgasolineones.參考答案：BDCA14.Withhismoney_________,hecouldnotgohomeandhadtolieonthestreet.

A.usingup B.missed C.runningout D.runout參考答案：C15.Irushedtotherailwaystation,only________thetrainhadgone.A.finding

B.havingfound

C.tofind

D.tohavefound參考答案：C考查非謂語(yǔ)?！皁nly+不定式”表示的是意料之外的結(jié)果，意思是“竟然……或結(jié)果……”。句意：我匆匆忙忙趕到火車(chē)站，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車(chē)已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。不定式的完成時(shí)常表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。故選C。16.TolearntospeakEnglishwell,_____.

A.muchpracticeisneeded

B.oneneedsmuchpractice

C.muchpracticeisneededbyone

D.oneisneededmuchpractice參考答案：B17.Sittingatthebackoftheroombutinfrontofsomeoldmenandwomen

averyshygirlwithtwobrighteyes.

A.was

B.are

C.were

D.therewas參考答案：A略二、新的題型18.Youprobablyknowthatexerciseisthekeytoreducingdepression,butyoumightnotknowwhy.Herearesometipsforexercisingwhenyou’redepressed.Changeyourviewof“exercise”.Forget“exercise”.Instead,think“beingactive”or“havingfun”.___16___Besides,itgivesyouabiggerbenefit.___17___Takingpartinphysicalactivitieswithotherssupportsyouindoingthoseactivities.Askfriendswhatactivitiesthey’redoingortheywouldliketostartdoing,andjointhem.Otherchoicesincludehiringapersonaltrainer,joininganexercisegrouporgoingtoaclass.Tryanexperiment.___18___OrgotothegymeveryMonday,WednesdayandFriday.Evenifyou’refeelingtootiredtodoanyactualexercise,stillgotothegym,parkyourcar,walkin,chageintoworkoutclothes,andpickupa5-poundweight.Ifyou’rereallysotiredthatyoudon’twanttodoanythingelse,that’stotallyfine.Takeitoutside.Naturehasagreateffectonourfeelinganddecreasesdepressivesymptoms.Evenjustlookingatimagesoflakesandtreeshelps.___19___Orwalkonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))byawindow.Tieittoagoal.Korbsaid,“Whenyouconnectyourexercisetoalong-termgoal,ithelpsyourbrainforgetmomentarydiscomfortandmakesyourexercisemoresatisfying.”Forexample,Korbstartedgettingactivebecauseitmadeplayingsportsmoreenjoyable.Figureoutwhat’strulyimportanttoyou.___20___A.Movewithsomeoneelse.B.Signupandgotoexerciseclasses.C.It’saloteasiertodosomethingsimple.D.Remindyourselfofyourgoalregularly.E.Rememberyourpartnertokeepyoucompany.F.Takeawalkaroundyourneighbourhoodoralocalpark.G.Thisincreasesyourchancesofactuallymovingyourbody.參考答案：16.G

17.A

18.B

19.F

20.D本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，鍛煉是減少壓抑的關(guān)鍵，文章中給出了五條鍛煉的具體建議。【16題詳解】橫線前一句中“Instead,think“beingactive”or“havingfun”.提及的“beingactive”和“havingfun”都是表示積極含義的詞，這些詞可以增加人們參加鍛煉的可能性。G項(xiàng)“Thisincreasesyourchancesofactuallymovingyourbody.”符合語(yǔ)境，所以選擇G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】本段第一句“Takingpartinphysicalactivitieswithotherssupportsyouindoingthoseactivities.”建議我們要和他人一起參加體育鍛煉，與A項(xiàng)“Movewithsomeoneelse.”語(yǔ)意一致，所以選擇A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】橫線后半句“OrgotothegymeveryMonday,WednesdayandFriday.”屬于另外一種鍛煉的方法：定期鍛煉。與B項(xiàng)“Signupandgotoexerciseclasses.”語(yǔ)意一致，所以選擇B項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】橫線前兩句“Naturehasagreateffectonourfeelinganddecreasesdepressivesymptoms.Evenjustlookingatimagesoflakesandtreeshelps.”告訴我們自然可以減少壓抑征狀，甚至只要看看湖泊和樹(shù)也會(huì)有幫助。F項(xiàng)“Takeawalkaroundyourneighborhoodoralocalpark”與本段主旨相符，所以選擇F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】本段的主題是“Tieittoagoal.”人們鍛煉都要有目標(biāo)，要經(jīng)常提醒自己注意達(dá)成目標(biāo)。D項(xiàng)“Remindyourselfofyourgoalregularly.”與本段中心思想一致，所以選擇D項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解19.Researchonembryonicstemcells(胚胎干細(xì)胞)isdebatablebecauseitrequiresthedestructionoflivehumanembryos.Supportersfinditeasytominimizethesignificanceofthisfactbecausetheembryosareonlyafewdaysold—nothingmorethan“blastocysts(胚泡)”.Butifit’sOKtodestroy5-day-oldembryostofurtherscientificinquiry,isitOKtodestroyembryosthatarefiveweeksold?Fivemonths?Eightmonths?Sciencecan’tanswerthatquestion.Youdon’thavetobepartofthepro-lifegrouptohaveconcernsaboutthiskindofscientificresearch.JamesThomson,theUniversityofWisconsinbiologisthassaid,“Ifhumanembryonicstemcellresearchdoesnotmakeyouatleastalittlebituncomfortable,youhavenotthoughtaboutitenough.”However,thepresident’snewordersuggestsweshouldnotthinktoomuch.Recently,supportersofembryonicstemcellresearchcalledonpresidenttoallowexperimentsusing“surplus(多余的)”fiftyfrozenembryosinfertilityclinics,arguingthattheywouldbedisposedofanyway.ButObamadidn’tlimithisnewpolicytothesefertilizedeggs.Onthecontrary,heleftopenthepossibilityoffundingstudiesusingembryoscreatedspecificallysotheircellscanbeharvested.Hedid,however,rejectanotheroption.“Wewillensure,”hesaid,“thatourgovernmentneveropenthedoortotheuseofcloningforhumanreproduction.Itisdangerous,profoundlywrongandhasnoplaceinoursociety,oranysociety.”Butthispositionishardtosquarewithhisclaimedapproach.Ononehand,thepresidentsayshispolicyis“aboutlettingscientistsdotheirjobs,freefrompressure”.Ontheother,hewillusepressuretokeepthemfromdoingreproductivecloning.Whatthispolicymeansissimple:Itmaybepermissibleforscientiststocreateclonedembryosandkillthem.It’snotpermissibletocreateclonedembryosandletthemlive.Theircellsmaybeusedforourbenefit,butnotfortheirown.It’sthepolicythatisriskynotjusttodays-oldhumanembryos.Therestofusaresuretoreceiveimportantmedicalbenefitsfromthisresearchoneday.Butwemaylosesomethingevenmoreimportantinamoralsense.32.It’simpliedinthefourthparagraphthatpro-lifegroup________.A.supporttheresearchonembryonicstemcellsB.don’tagreewithanykindofscientificresearchC.agreewithJamesThomson’sopinionD.rarelythinkoftheconsequencesofembryonicstemce