安徽省宣城市2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期末試題（含解析）

安徽省宣城市20202021學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期末試題（含解析）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第I卷（選擇題共100分）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30

分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.Planapicnic.B.Goonapicnic.C.Stayathome.2.Howdidthemanetowork?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.3.What’sthecolorofthedress?A.White.B.Red.C.Yellow.4.Whatisthewoman?A.Atrafficpolicewoman.B.Abusconductor.C.Amathteacher.5.WhatdoesthemanthinkoftheEnglishclass?A.Dull.B.Interesting.C.Difficult.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5

分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A，B，C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6至7題。6.WhichgradeisJohnin?A.SeniorOne.B.SeniorTwo.C.JuniorThree.7.WhatisJohn’sproblem?A.Theteachersaretoostrict.B.Thesubjectsaredifficult.C.Hisclassmatesarenoteasygoing.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至9題。8.WhatisTombusydoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Playingputergames.C.Chattingonthephone.9.HowlongdoesTomplantospendonhisvacationhomework?A.Threedays.B.Tendays.C.Oneweek.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至12題。10.Whoisthecaller?A.David.B.Mr.Smith.C.Helen.11.Howmanyticketshavebeenbought?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.12.WhenshouldMr.Smitharriveatthecinema?A.At8:00.B.At7:30.C.At7:00.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdidLiMeidorecently?A.Sheclimbedamountain.B.Shevisitedavillage.C.Shereturnedtoherschool.14.WhatdidLiMeiNOTdoforthechildren?A.TeachthemEnglish.B.Givethemmoney.C.Givethemschoolsupplies.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthechildren?A.Theyarenaughty.B.Theyareveryshy.C.Theyarehardworking.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisseenasanangel.B.Hewillnotvisitthosechildren.C.Hepassedhisdrivingtest.聽下面一段對話，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisLuke?A.Adriver.B.Avisitor.C.Aguide.18.Howlongwillittakeforthebustogettothehotel?A.15minutes.B.50minutes.C.5minutes.19.WhatisSanJose?A.Atown.B.Acity.C.Abeach.20.WhatcanyoudoinSanJose,LosCabos?A.Drinkinpublic.B.Swimintheocean.C.Gohorseriding.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AHelloandweletoEnglishwithLucy.Todaywehaveanothertopic:“FourmonBritishexpressions.”Now,beforewegetstarted,makesureyouconnectwithmeonallmysocialmediawhichisrighthere.YoucansubscribetomyYouTube.YoucanalsolikemeonFacebook.AndformyChinesefollowers,IhavemyWeiboaccountaswell.FourmonBritishExpressions:“Apieceofcake.”Andthisisverysimilarto“Easypeasy,lemonsqueezy,”whichwe'vediscussedinaformervideo.Andbasically,itmeansveryeasy.SoImighteoutofaneasyexamsaving,“Thatexamwasapieceofcake.”“Breakaleg!”Itactuallylooksreallyrathercruel,butIpromiseyouit'spositive.And“Breakaleg!”means“Goodluck!”Sobeforearace,beforeajobinterview,beforeatest,insteadofsaying“Goodluck!”Imightsay“Breakaleg!”“Itcostanarmandaleg.”Andthisbasicallymeanssomethingwasreallyexpensive.IfIsay,“Mybagcostanarmandaleg,”Imeanitcostalotofmoney.“Tocallitaday.”Andthismeans“toendatask”.So,forexample,“I'mfeelingabittired.IthinkI'llcallitaday.”Thatmeans“IthinkI'llstophere.Let'sfinish.”Thankyousomuchforwatchingthisprogramof“FourmonBritishExpressions.”Ihopeyoulikeit,andIhopeyou'velearnedsomething.1.HowcanChineselistenersconnectwithLucy?A.WithWechat B.ThroughWeibo C.OnFacebook D.ByYouTube.2.WhenJohnwenttoanEnglishSpeechpetition,youshouldsay“_________”tohim.A.Breakaleg! B.Itcostanarmandaleg.C.Tocallitaday D.Apieceofcake.3.Whatdoeshe/shemeanwhentheteachersays“Let'scallitaday.”?A.He/Shewillstopthatday B.He/ShefeelstiredC.Classisover. D.Itisdaytime.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。廣播介紹了“四個常見的英式表達”?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AndformyChinesefollowers,IhavemyWeiboaccountaswell”（對于我的中國粉絲們，我也有自己的Weibo賬號。）可知，中國聽眾可以通過Weibo和Lucy聯(lián)系。故選B項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Breakaleg!”小標題下段落中“And“Breakaleg!”means“Goodluck!”Sobeforearace,beforeajobinterview,beforeatest,insteadofsaying“Goodluck!”Imightsay“Breakaleg!””（“Breakaleg!”意思是“Goodluck!”所以，在比賽、面試、考試之前，替代“Goodluck!”我可能會說“Breakaleg(祝你好運)”。）可知，當John要參加英語演講比賽時，你應(yīng)該對他說“Breakaleg(祝你好運)”。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tocallitaday.”小標題下段落中“Andthismeans“toendatask”.”（它的意思是“結(jié)束一項任務(wù)”。）（句中this代指“Tocallitaday”）可知，當老師說“Let'scallitaday.”時，意思是“（課已結(jié)束）下課吧”。故選C項。BDoyoulikerunningenoughtomakeitahabit?TierneyWolfgramdoes;shehasmaderunningalifelongcareerandisn'tstopping.InFebruary,the16yearoldfromahighschool,US,petedatthe2020USOlympicTrials.Shefinishedthemarathon(42.195km)withatimeof2:42:47astheyoungestpetitorintheraceandranked76thoutof390runners.However,thecrosscountry(越野的)seasonwaspostponedtowinterbecauseoftheCOVID19.SoshejumpedattheopportunitytotrainforanotherracetheParkwayMarathoninCalifornia.InNovember,WolfgrambroketheWomen'sAmericanJuniormarathonrecordwithhertimeof2:31:49.Theoldrecordwas2:34:32,whichhadstoodsince1984.“I'mpletelystunned,”saidWolfgram'scoach.“Iknewshewasgoingtobreakit,butshereallyshowedout！”Duringtherun,Wolfgramoncehitawallprettyhard,butsheovercameittofinish.“IguessIcansayIgaveitmyall,”shetoldRunner'sWorld.“WhenIfinished,allIwasthinkingwasIfeltsuperhappy,”WolfgramsaidThiswasonlyherthirdmarathon.In2018,whenWolfgramwas15yearsold,sheranherfirstmarathonjustbecauseshewantedtoseeifshehadtheabilitytodoit.“IbelievedthatIwouldgetfasterasthedistancesgotlonger...I'mstillgladthatIdidit.”Whenpreparingforthatfirstmarathon,sheranupto120milesperweek.Althoughherparentsdidn'thaveanybackgroundinrunning,theyhelpedWolfgramtrain.Atfirst,herdadwouldtakeheroutinthemorningandrunabout13miles.Thedistancewouldgraduallyincreaseeachday.Ontopofherrunsinthemorning,shewoulddocrosscountrypracticeafterschool.NowWolfgramwillconsiderattendingtheOlympicsGamesin2024afterit'sscheduled.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutWolfgramfromParagraph2?A.Shewasthechampionatthe2020USOlympicTrials.B.SheputoffthecrosscountryseasonfortheCOVID19.C.ShebrokeanOlympicmarathonrecordinNovember.D.ShepreparedfortheParkwayMarathoninCalifornia.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stunned”inparagraph3referto?A.Doubtful B.Worried. C.Shocked. D.Interested6.WhatinspiredWolfgramtorunherfirstmarathon?A.Herparents'encouragement. B.Herdesiretoproveshecoulddoit.C.Hercoach'ssupportandhelp. D.Herhopetobreakthenationalrecord7.Whichsectionofanewspaperdoesthepassageprobablyefrom?A.Sports. B.Lifestyle C.Culture. D.Opinion【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Wolfgram非常喜歡跑步，并且將它當作一個事業(yè)，由于病毒的傳播不能參加越野賽，所以選擇了馬拉松，并且打破了世界紀錄。文章還介紹了他第一次參加馬拉松的原因以及刻苦訓(xùn)練情況，經(jīng)過努力，最后考慮參加奧運會的馬拉松的故事。展示了她的堅強意志?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“SoshejumpedattheopportunitytotrainforanotherracetheParkwayMarathoninCalifornia.”（于是，她抓住機會為另一場比賽訓(xùn)練——加利福尼亞Parkway馬拉松賽）可知，從第二段中我們能夠知道，Wolfgram在為加州的Parkway馬拉松賽做準備。故選D項。【5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段教練所說的“Iknewshewasgoingtobreakit,butshereallyshowedout！”（我就知道她將會打破記錄，但是她真的做到了?。┛芍?，教練的語氣是激動的，并且對于Wolfgram打破紀錄的行為感到十分震驚。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“In2018,whenWolfgramwas15yearsold,sheranherfirstmarathonjustbecauseshewantedtoseeifshehadtheabilitytodoit.”（在2018年，當Wolfgram15歲的時候，她跑了第一次馬拉松僅僅因為她想看看自己是否有能力做這個）可知，她跑第一次的馬拉松就是想證明自己能做到。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章首句“Doyoulikerunningenoughtomakeitahabit?”以及全文圍繞Wolfgram的馬拉松職業(yè)生涯展開可知，本文的主題和體育運動相關(guān)，故這篇文章可能來自報紙的體育部分。故選A項。CCulturecanaffectnotjustlanguageandcustoms,butalsohowpeopleexperiencetheworldonsurprisinglybasiclevels.Researchers,withthehelpofbrainscans,haveuncoveredshockingdifferencesinperception(感知)betweenWesternersandAsians,whattheyseewhentheylookatacitystreet,forexample,orevenhowtheyperceiveasimplelineinasquare,accordingtofindingspublishedinaleadingsciencejournalInwesterncountries,culturemakespeoplethinkofthemselvesashighlyindependententities(實體).Whenlookingatscenes,Westernerstendtofocusmoreoncentralobjectsthanontheirsurroundings.EastAsiancultures,howeveremphasizeinterdependence.WhenEasternerslookatascene,theytendtofocusonsurroundingsaswellastheobject.Usinganexperimentinvolvingtwotasks,DrHeddenaskedsubjectstolookatalinesimplytoestimateitslength,ataskthatisplayedtoAmericanstrengths.Inanother,theyestimatedtheline'slengthrelativetothesizeofasquare,aneasiertaskfortheAsians.Thelevelofbrainactivity,bytrackingbloodflow,wasthenmeasuredbyBrainScanners.Theexperimentfoundthatalthoughtherewasnodifferenceinperformance,andthetaskswereveryeasy,thelevelsofactivityinthesubjects’brainsweredifferent.FortheAmericans,areaslinkedtoattentionlitupmore,whentheyworkedonthetasktheytendedtofindmoredifficultestimatingtheline'ssizerelativetothesquare.FortheAsians,theattentionareaslitupmoreduringthehardertaskalsoestimatingtheline'slengthwithoutparingittothesquare.ThefindingsareareflectionofmorethantenyearsofpreviousexperimentalresearchintoeastwestdifferencesInonestudy,forinstance,researchersofferedpeopleachoiceamongfivepens,fourredandonegreen.EasternersweremorelikelytochoosearedpenwhileWesternersweremorelikelytochoosethegreenone.Cultureisnotaffectinghowyouseetheworld,buthowyouchoosetounderstandandinternalize(使內(nèi)化)it.Butsuchhabitscanbechanged.SomepsychologicalstudiessuggestthatwhenanEasternergoestotheWestorviceversa,habitsofthoughtandperceptionalsobegintochange.Suchresearchgivesuscluesonhowourbrainworksandishopefulforustodevelopprogramstoimproveourmemory,memorytechniquesandenhanceandaccelerateourlearningskills.8.Accordingtothepassage,Chinesepeoplearemostlikelyto_________.A.emphasizeindependentthinkingmoreB.alwaysfocusmoreontheirsurroundingsC.focusonthecontextaswellasobjectD.thinkofWesternersashighlyindependententities9.Weknowfromthepassagethatpeople'sbrainswillbemoreactivewhen_________.AthetaskismucheasierB.thebloodflowistrackedC.peoplebegintochoosecolorsDthetaskismoredifficult10.Whatdothefindingsoftheexperimentsmentionedinthepassageindicate?A.Theyindicatethatculturehasagreatimpactonthewaypeopletalkandbehave.B.TheyshowthatEasternersandWesternershavegreatdifferencesinperceivingtheworldC.Theysuggestthatpeople'shabitsofthoughtandperceptioncanbechangedindifferentcultures.D.TheymakeitclearthatEasternersandWesternerslayemphasisondifferentthings11.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_________.A.EasternersprefercollectivismtoindividualismB.EastAsiancultureslaymoreemphasisonindependenceC.IttookovertenyearstofindouthowtoimproveourbrainpowerD.Americanswillchangetheirhabitsofperceptionwhenthey'reinBritain【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)文化差異導(dǎo)致東西方人認知水平的差異。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“EastAsiancultures,howeveremphasizeinterdependence.WhenEasternerslookatascene,theytendtofocusonsurroundingsaswellastheobject.”（然而，在東方的亞洲，文化強調(diào)相互依賴。當東方人看到一個場景時，他們傾向于關(guān)注周圍環(huán)境和物體）可知，中國人可能同樣關(guān)注物體及其環(huán)境，故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“FortheAsians,theattentionareaslitupmoreduringthehardertaskalsoestimating”（對于亞洲人來說，在更難完成的任務(wù)中，注意力區(qū)域也更為活躍）可知，任務(wù)越艱巨，人們的大腦會越活躍，故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Inwesterncountries,culturemakespeoplethinkofthemselvesashighlyindependententities(實體).Whenlookingatscenes,Westernerstendtofocusmoreoncentralobjectsthanontheirsurroundings.EastAsiancultures,howeveremphasizeinterdependence.”（在西方國家，文化使人們認為自己是高度獨立的實體。西方人在觀看場景時，往往更關(guān)注中心物體，而不是周圍環(huán)境。然而，東亞文化強調(diào)相互依賴）可推知，文中提到的實驗結(jié)果表明東西方人在認識世界上有很大的差異，故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inonestudy,forinstance,researchersofferedpeopleachoiceamongfivepens,fourredandonegreen.EasternersweremorelikelytochoosearedpenwhileWesternersweremorelikelytochoosethegreenone.”（例如，在一項研究中，研究人員讓人們在五支鋼筆中選擇一支，四支紅色，一支綠色。東方人更傾向于選擇紅色的筆，而西方人更傾向于選擇綠色的筆）可知，此處用四支紅色筆象征著集體主義，用一支綠色筆象征著個人主義，由此可知，東方人更喜歡集體主義而不是個人主義，故選A。DArtificialIntelligence(AI)adviceisasinfluentialashumans',butpositivecrowdviewsstilloverpower.Inastudy,researchersfoundthatmachinesthatmakeremendationsorAIexpertswereasinfluentialashumanexpertswhentheAIexpertsremendedwhichphotousersshouldaddtotheironlinebusinessprofiles.However,bothAIandhumanexpertsfailedtobudgethemiftheirfeedbackwasnegativeandwentagainstpopularviewsamongotherusers,saidS.ShyamSundar,aprofessorofMediaEffects.Becausepeopleareincreasinglyusingsocialmediatolookforfeedback,studiessuggestthatexpertopinionsandthebandwagoneffect(從眾效應(yīng))maybeimportantfactorsininfluencingdecisions.AccordingtoJinpingWang,adoctoralcandidateinmassmunicationandfirstauthorofthestudy."Nowadays,weoftenturntoonlineplatformsforopinionsfromotherpeoplelikeourpeersandexpertsbeforemakingadecision,"saidWang.AIexpertsareoftenlessexpensivethanhumanexpertsandtheycanalsowork24hoursaday,which,Wangsuggests,mightmakethemappealingtoonlinebusinesses.TheresearchersalsofoundthattheAI'sgroupstatus(群體地位)inthiscase,nationaloriginwaspointedoutdidnotseemtoaffectaperson'sacceptanceofitsremendation.Amonghumanexperts,however,anexpertfromasimilarnationaloriginwhoofferedanegativeopinionofaphotographtendedtobemoreinfluentialthanahumanexpertfromanunknowncountrywhoofferedasimilarnegativeratingofaphotograph.WhilefindingsthatsuggestgroupstatusmaynotaffectwhetherapersonvaluestheviewofAIexpertssoundlikegoodnews,Sundarsuggeststhatthesameculturalbiases(偏見)mightstillbeatworkinAIexpertsfortheycouldbehiddenintheprogrammingandtrainingdata."ItcanbebothgoodandbadbecauseitalldependsonwhatyoufeedAI,"saidSundar."WhileitisgoodtobelieveinAI'sabilitytotranscend(超越)culturalbiases,wehavetokeepinmindthatifyoutraintheAIonpicturesfromoneculture,theycouldgivemisleadingremendationsonpicturesmeantforuseinotherculturalcontexts."12.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"budgethem"inparagraph2mean?A.Raisetheirspirits. B.Satisfytheirneeds.C.Changetheirideas. D.Firetheirimagination.13.WhydousersoftenturntoAIexperts?A.AIexpertsaremoreknowledgeable.B.AIexpertsareonhandandcostless.C.AIexpertsarelessinfluencedbyfeelings.D.AIexpertsaresonewastobemoreattractive.14.Whichexpert'snegativeassessmentsisapersonmorelikelytobelieve?A.Anexpertwhohasgreatachievementsinarts.B.Anexpertwithbetterpersonalityandattitude.C.Aforeignexpertwhoisverypopularworldwide.D.Anexpertfromcountrieswithsimilarculturestohis.15.WhatdidSundarmeanbythelastparagraph?A.Peopleshouldhaveamindoftheirown.B.Peopleshouldbeabletotellgoodfrombad.CPeopleshouldknowAI'shiddenculturalbiases.D.PeopleshouldbetrainedhowtouseAIproperly.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。在進行推薦建議時，AI專家和人類專家的影響力一樣有效。AI專家由于便捷性、低成本受到廣泛歡迎，但我們不應(yīng)該忘記其中隱藏的文化偏見，這取決于人類如何灌輸和訓(xùn)練?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inastudy,researchersfoundthatmachinesthatmakeremendationsorAIexpertswereasinfluentialashumanexpertswhentheAIexpertsremendedwhichphotousersshouldaddtotheironlinebusinessprofiles.”（在一項研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，當人工智能專家建議哪些照片用戶應(yīng)該添加到他們的在線商業(yè)資料中時，提出建議的機器——或人工智能專家——的影響力與人類專家一樣大。）及“However...iftheirfeedbackwasnegativeandwentagainstpopularviewsamongotherusers”（但是...如果他們的反饋是負面的，并且與其他用戶的流行觀點相悖）可推測，當反饋是負面的情況下，人工智能和人類專家都不能做出讓步，即改變不了人們的觀點。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AIexpertsareoftenlessexpensivethanhumanexpertsandtheycanalsowork24hoursaday,which,Wangsuggests,mightmakethemappealingtoonlinebusinesses.”（王表示，人工智能專家通常比人類專家更便宜，而且他們可以一天24小時工作，這可能會讓他們對在線企業(yè)有吸引力。）可知，用戶經(jīng)常尋求AI專家的幫助是因為AI專家便捷并且花費少。故選B項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Amonghumanexperts,however,anexpertfromasimilarnationaloriginwhoofferedanegativeopinionofaphotographtendedtobemoreinfluentialthanahumanexpertfromanunknowncountrywhoofferedasimilarnegativeratingofaphotograph.”（然而，在人類專家中，來自相似國家的專家如果對照片給出負面評價，往往比來自未知國家的專家給出相似負面評價的照片更有影響力。）可推測，來自相似文化背景的專家觀點更有影響力。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WhileitisgoodtobelieveinAI'sabilitytotranscendculturalbiases,wehavetokeepinmindthatifyoutraintheAIonpicturesfromoneculture,theycouldgivemisleadingremendationsonpicturesmeantforuseinotherculturalcontexts.”（雖然相信人工智能能夠超越文化偏見是件好事，但我們必須記住，如果你用一種文化的圖片來訓(xùn)練人工智能，它們可能會對其他文化背景下使用的圖片給出誤導(dǎo)性的建議。）由此判斷出，Sundar的意思是人們應(yīng)該知道人工智能隱藏的文化偏見。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Foodsafetyisaprobleminallplacesaroundtheworldandpeopleindifferentareasoftheworldpreparefoodsindifferentways.TheWHOreleasedfivesimplerulesforpreparingfoodinasafeway._____16_____Key1:KeepcleanThefirstkeytellsabouttheimportanceofwashing.Peopleshouldwashtheirhandsoften—beforetouchingfood,whiletheyarepreparingfood,andanytimeaftertheygotothetoiletPeopleshouldwashallsurfacesandequipmentusedforpreparingfood.____17____Key2:SeparaterawandcookedPeopleshouldseparateraw,oruncookedfoodfromfoodsthatarealreadycookedandfoodsthatwillnotbecooked.Peopleshouldstorerawmeat,chicken,andfishincontainers,orinseparateareasRawfoodsshouldnottouchpreparedfoods.Key3:Cookpletely.Peopleshouldcookeggsandmeat,likebirds,seafood,andanimals,especiallycarefully.Thesefoodsmaycarrymoremicroorganismsthanotherfoods.____18____Itisalsoimportantthatpeoplereheatcookedfoodpletely.Key4:____19____Whenpeoplearefinishedwitheating,theyshouldkeeptheleftover(吃剩的食物)inarefrigeratorbelow5℃andshouldn'tstoreitfortoolong.Atroomtemperature,about20℃,theamountofmicroorganismscanincreaseveryquickly.Buttemperaturesabove60℃orbelow5℃controlthegrowthofmicroorganisms.____20____Key5:Usesafewaterandrawmaterials.Peopleshouldusesafewaterandchoosefreshfoods.Damagedoroldfoodmaydevelopharmfulchemicalsasitgetsolder.A.Keepfoodatsafetemperatures.B.Eatcookedfoodimmediately,whileitisstillhot.C.Theycalltheserulesthe“FiveKeystoSaferFood.”D.Keepingeverythingcleanhelpspeopletoavoidmicroorganisms.E.Theycannotgrowsoquicklyinaveryhotorverycoldenvironment.F.Peopleshouldalsoprotectcookingareasandfoodfrominsectsandanimals.G.Foodlikesoupmustbeboiledforatleastaminutetomakeitbecookedpletely.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.A20.E【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了食品安全問題是全世界的共同問題，世界上不同區(qū)域的人們以不同方式準備食物的。此外，文章介紹了安全食品五大要點：1、保持干凈；2、將生的食物和熟的分開；3、煮食物要完全煮熟；4、安全的溫度保存食物；5、使用安全的水和原材料?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“TheWHOreleasedfivesimplerulesforpreparingfoodinasafeway.

”（世界衛(wèi)生組織發(fā)布了五條食品安全的原則）可知，句中fivesimplerules和preparingfoodinasafeway分別與C選項的FiveKeys和SaferFood前后相一致，句意連貫。故選C。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Peopleshouldwashallsurfacesandequipmentusedforpreparingfood.”（人們應(yīng)該清洗所有用于制備食品的表面和設(shè)備）可知，句中的washallsurfacesandequipment與D項的Keepingeverythingclean意思相一致，且選項D中用toavoidmicroorganisms進一步闡釋了需要全面清潔的原因。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)段落總結(jié)Key3:Cookpletely以及下文“Itisalsoimportantthatpeoplereheatcookedfoodpletely.”（人們完全重新加熱熟食也是很重要的）可知，本段內(nèi)容重點是煮熟食物，且由also可知設(shè)空處也應(yīng)在講需要完全煮熟的食物。選項G中的tomakeitbecookedpletely剛好與本段主題和前后句意相一致。故選G。【19題詳解】根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，Key4是對本段內(nèi)容的概括性總結(jié)，本段重點講述食物在冰箱保存的合適溫度及微生物在不同溫度下的生長速度。選項A中的safetemperatures與段落中的

below5℃，about20℃以及temperaturesabove60℃

orbelow5℃相一致，且符合段落主題。故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Buttemperaturesabove60℃

orbelow5℃

controlthegrowthofmicroorganisms.”（溫度高于60℃或者低于5℃都可控制微生物的生長。）可知，句中的temperaturesabove60℃

orbelow5℃

和controlthegrowthofmicroorganisms分別與E項的inaveryhotorverycoldenvironment和Theycannotgrowsoquickly相一致，且句意相符。故選E。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié),滿分45

分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Iusedtobeaveryselfcenteredperson,butinthepasttwoyearsIhavereallychanged.Ihavestartedtothinkaboutotherpeople___21___Ithinkaboutmyself.IamhappythatIambeinga___22___person:Ithinkmy___23___startedwhenIwasatPalomarCollege.Atfirst,Ijustwantedtogetmy___24___,andbeleftalone.IthoughtIwassmarterthaneveryoneelse,soIhardlyever___25___toanyoneinmyclasses.Bytheendofmyfirstsemester,Iwasreally___26___.Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun.SoItrieda(n)___27___.Istartedaskingpeoplearoundmehowtheyweredoing,andiftheywerehavingtroubleI___28___tohelp.Thatwasreallyabig___29___forme.Bytheendoftheyear,Ihadseveralnewfriends,andtwoof____30____arestillmybestfriendstoday.Abiggercauseofmynew____31____,however,camewhenItookaparttimejobataVistaNursingHome.OneoldladytherewhohadAlzheimersdiseasebecamemy____32____.EverytimeIcameintoherroom,shewasso____33____becauseshethoughtIwasherdaughter.Herrealdaughternever____34____her,soItookherplace.Sheletme____35____.Thatmakingothersfeelgoodmakemefeelgood,too.Whenshedied,Iwas____36____,butIwasverygratefultoher.IthinkIamamuch____37____,persontodaythanIusedtobe,andIhopeIwillnot____38____theseexperiences.Theyhave____39____etocareaboutotherpeoplemorethanaboutmyself.____40____whoIamtoday,andIcouldnotsaythatafewyearsago.21.A.since B.before C.or D.unless22.A.famous B.simple C.different D.skilled23.A.education B.career C.tour D.change24.A.balance B.homework C.degree D.interest25.A.talked B.wrote C.lied D.reported26.A.careful B.lonely C.curious D.guilty27.A.argument B.game C.experiment D.defence28.A.dared B.offered C.hesitated D.happened29.A.dream B.problem C.duty D.step30.A.us B.which C.them D.whom31.A.attitude B.hobby C.hope D.luck32.A.friend B.partner C.guide D.guest33.A.polite B.happy C.strange D.confident34.A.bothered B.answered C.visited D.trusted35.A.explain B.guess C.declare D.see36.A.homeless B.heartbroken C.badtempered D.hopeless37.A.quieter B.busier C.better D.richer38.A.forget B.face C.improve D.analyze39.A.forced B.preferred C.ordered D.taught40.A.miss B.like C.wonder D.expect【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.C25.A26.B27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.A33.B34.C35.D36.B37.C38.A39.D40.B【解析】作者講述了自己從一個自私的人變成現(xiàn)在能為他人著想的人的感受和過程。上大學(xué)時一心只想著拿學(xué)位而拼搏，結(jié)果一個朋友都沒有，感到很孤單。后來作者在Vista護理之家，結(jié)識了一位改變了她、把她當作女兒的重病纏身的老婦人。老人告訴她：只有別人感到高興自己才快樂?！?1題詳解】B考查連詞辨析。A.since自從；B.before在……之前；C.or或者；D.unless除非。before在……之前，表示的含義是在考慮自己之前先考慮別人，對應(yīng)前邊的改變自我為中心。故選B?！?2題詳解】C考查形容詞辨析。A.famous著名的；B.simple簡單的；C.different不同的；D.skilled有技巧的。句意：做出改變，變成了不同于以前的人。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.education教育；B.career事業(yè)；C.tour旅行；D.change變化。我想我是在帕洛瑪學(xué)院的時候開始改變的。改變這個詞貫穿全文。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.balance平衡；B.homework家庭作業(yè)；C.degree級別；D.interest興趣。上大學(xué)的目的，就是為了得學(xué)位，所以作者一開始，就只是為了拿學(xué)位。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.talked談?wù)?；B.wrote寫；C.lied說謊；D.reported報道。talktosb.和某人談話，由上句IthoughtIwassmarterthaneveryoneelse,可知，作者自恃清高，看不起別人，因而也不與人說話交流。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.careful細心的；B.lonely孤獨的；curious好奇的；guilty犯罪的。孤獨的，沒有朋友，正好對應(yīng)下文的Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun.故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.argument爭論；B.game運動；C.experiment實驗；D.defense防御。對應(yīng)下文開始做的事情。根據(jù)下文Istartedaskingpeoplearoundmehowtheyweredoing,andiftheywerehavingtroubleI8tohelp.可知，作者這樣做，是一個嘗試。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.dared敢；B.offered提供；C.hesitated猶豫；D.happened發(fā)生。根據(jù)前一句iftheywerehavingtrouble可推知，作者是愿意提供幫助的。offertodosth表示主動提出做某件事情，更能體現(xiàn)出想改變的決心。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.dream夢想；B.problem問題；C.duty責任；D.step臺階、步驟。表示一種進步。緊接著，對應(yīng)下文的具體的進步之處。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查代詞辨析。A.us我們；B.which哪個；C.them他們；D.whom誰，who的賓格。這是一個由and連接的并列句，前后都是一個簡單句，后半句中表達“其中有兩人”，所以用twoofthem。故選C。【31題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.attitude態(tài)度；B.hobby愛好；C.hope希望；D.luck幸運。由首句可知，作者之前是個selfcenteredperson，通過一次經(jīng)歷發(fā)生了變化并對比自己的今昔，所以可得出是attitude（態(tài)度）的變化。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.friend朋友；B.partner伙伴；C.guide向?qū)?；D.guest客人。作者去敬老院做兼職，與老人之間成了朋友。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.polite禮貌；B.happy快樂；C.strange奇怪；D.confident自信。通過空格后面becauseshethoughtIwasherdaughter可推測出oldlady是非常高興的。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.bothered打擾；B.answered回答；C.visited參觀；D.trusted信任。通過文中信息得知oldlady是一個病人，可知她真正的女兒從來都不看望她。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.explain解釋；B.guess猜測；C.declare宣稱；D.see明白；理解。由后邊句子makingothersfeelgoodmakemefeelgood,too可知，老人使作者明白了一個道理。故選D。【36題詳解】由句意可知，當她去世時候，“我”非常傷心（heartbroken）。homeless意為“無家可歸的”，badtempered意為“壞脾氣的”，hopeless意為“沒有希望的”，均不符合語境。故正確答案為B?！?7題詳解】結(jié)合上文可知，“我”以前是一個過于以自我為中心的人，現(xiàn)在“我”懂得了關(guān)心別人，因此比起以前，“我”覺得自己變得更好（better）了。quiet意為“安靜的”，busy意為“繁忙的”，rich意為“富裕的”，均不符合文意。故正確答案為C。38題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.forget忘記；B.face面對；C.improve改進；D.analyze分析。作者通過這次的experience發(fā)生了好的變化，可推測作者想記住這次經(jīng)歷，所以選willnotforget,其他均不符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.forced強迫；B.preferred更喜歡；C.ordered命令；D.taught教。作者通過這次經(jīng)歷使自己變得更好，所以可推測這次經(jīng)歷“教會”了自己什么。故選D。【40題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.miss想念、錯過；B.like喜歡；C.wonder想知道；D.expect期待。通過文章可推測出與之前比較作者更“喜歡”現(xiàn)在的自己，故選B。第Ⅱ卷（選擇題共50分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HaveyoueverwonderedwhereLego(樂高積木)camefrom?Likemanygreatinventions,thestoryisnotjustoneofagreatidea,_____41_____oneofatonofhardworkandperseverance（毅力）.ThestorystartedinDenmark.OleChristiansenwasacarpenter_____42_____wasstrugglingwithhissmallbusiness.Hiswifedied_____43_____(short)afterhisfourthsonwasborn.Hehadtoworkhardtosupporthisfamilyalone.Hestartedmakingwoodtoys,buttheydidn'tsellwell.Hedecidedhistoysneededaname,andhechose_____44_____name"Lego".Unfortunately,severalyearslater,hisworkshop_____45_____(burn)totheground.Soon,hestartedtomakeafewplastictoys.Hegottheideatocreatea“system"o