定語(yǔ)從句課件

TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause

限制性定語(yǔ)從句

Relativewords(關(guān)系詞）Antecedent(先行詞)FunctionRelativePronouns關(guān)系代詞PersonSubject(主),Object(賓)PersonObjectThingSubject/ObjectPerson/ThingSubject/Object/predicative(表)asPerson/ThingSubject/ObjectPerson's/Thing'sAttributive(定)RelativeAdverbs關(guān)系副詞PlaceAdverbial(狀)TimeAdverbialReasonAdverbialwhosewherewhenwhywhomwhowhichthatThecoronavirusoutbreak_________wastracedtotheHuananSeafoodMarketinWuhanisadisaster.(forthingsoranimalssubject主語(yǔ)pronoun)Thecoronavirusoutbreak________wetracedtotheHuananSeafoodMarketinWuhanisadisaster.(object賓語(yǔ)pronoun)“which”isoftenreplacedby“that”inspokenEnglish.whichwhich/that/thatMillionsofpeople________concernaboutthecurrentepidemicarewatchinglive（直播）ontheInternet.(forpeople,subjectpronoun)Millionsofpeople________thecurrentepidemicaffectarewatchingliveontheInternet.(objectpronoun)“whom”isonlyreallyusedinveryformalEnglish.Itismorecommontouse“who”astheobjectpronounforpeople.“who”and“whom”areoftenreplacedby“that”inspokenEnglish.whowho/that/that/whomthatforpeopleorthings“that”oftenreplaces“who”,“whom”and“which”inspokenEnglish.(subjectorobjectorpredicative表語(yǔ)

pronoun)Tostoptheepidemicfromspreading,Wuhanislockeddown,anditisnolongerthecity_______sheusedtobe.

(

predicativepronoun)thatDr.LiWenliangisawhistleblower______earlywarningshavebeenappreciatedandadmiredafterhisdeath.Wearethankfultothemedicalworkerswithout______helpwewillneverwinthebattleagastthenovelcoronavirus.whosewhose(forpeopleorthingspossessive所屬關(guān)系的pronoun)positionofprepositions(介詞)Therearetwochoicesforthepositionofprepositions1)beforetherelativepronoun(formal)IlikethepeoplewithwhomIwork.2)attheendoftheattrbutiveclause(informal)Ilikethepeoplewho/whom/thatIworkwith.“who”and“that”arenotusedafterprepositions.Ilikethepeoplewithwho/thatIwork.ThisistheschoolinthatIwork.Thisistheschool

inwhichIwork.××√where（relativeadverb）They’llneverforgetthedays________theystudiedtogetherandneverforgettheclassroom_____theystudiedtogether!Thereason____________they’llneverforgetthedaysisthattheyarethemostwonderfuldaysintheirlives!when/duringwhichwhere/inwhichwhy/forwhichRelativeAdverbswhen/where/whyRelativewords(關(guān)系詞）Antecedent(先行詞)FunctionRelativePronouns關(guān)系代詞PersonSubject(主),Object(賓)PersonObjectThingSubject/ObjectPerson/ThingSubject/Object/predicative(表)asPerson/ThingSubject/ObjectPerson's/Thing'sAttributive(定)RelativeAdverbs關(guān)系副詞PlaceAdverbial(狀)TimeAdverbialReasonAdverbialwhosewherewhenwhywhomwhowhichthat限制性定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)（2017北京卷）Thelittleproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪杏龅降男?wèn)題可能就是偉大發(fā)明的靈感。(2020龍巖市質(zhì)檢)Chineserestaurantsusedtobeoneofthefewpublicplaces________welcomedAfrican-Americandiners.中餐館是過(guò)去為數(shù)不多，歡迎非裔美國(guó)人的餐館之一。thatthat考點(diǎn)1.只用that不用which的情況

1.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2.Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistohelphim.3.ThisisthebestforeignfilmthatIhaveeverseen.4.That’stheverytoolthatwearelookingfor.5.Theytalkedaboutthethingsandfriendsthattheycouldremember.6.Whoisthemanthatisstandingoverthere?a.當(dāng)先行詞是all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞或被其修飾時(shí)，只用that。b.當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)，或被其修飾時(shí)，只用that。c.當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast等所修飾時(shí)，只用that。d.先行詞既有人又有物只用that。e.主句是以who或which開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，只用that。只用that不用which代、高、序、特、雙Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway_____hesaidit.(04湖北)A.thatB.whichC.howD.whyA先行詞是theway，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)可用inwhich/that/不填.在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，how不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。考點(diǎn)2：theway做先行詞的特殊用法I’veneverheardsuchfrighteningstories_____hetells.我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)他講那樣的嚇人故事。I’veneverheardsuchfrighteningstories____Iamscaredtodeath.我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)那樣的嚇人故事,以至于我差點(diǎn)被嚇?biāo)懒?。考點(diǎn)3：用as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，常用于下列句式：such…as...像...一樣的thesame...as...和...一樣的asthat(定語(yǔ)從句)（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）①Thisisthesameumbrella___Ilost.②Thisisthesameumbrella____Ilost.這把雨傘和我弄丟的那把一樣。這正是我弄丟的雨傘。析：thesame…as指“同樣或同類的”

thesame…

that指“同一個(gè)”asthatSalesdirectorisaposition________communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.(2012重慶，29)

考點(diǎn)4：where表示抽象地點(diǎn)的用法wherewhere在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，除了可以表示具體地點(diǎn)之外，還可表示抽象意義的地點(diǎn)。常放在先行詞如position,point,situation,case,occasion等詞后Salesdirectorisaposition___________manysalespeoplewanttoapplyfor.which/that①ItwasApril29,2011____PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.(2011福建，33)②ItwasonApril29,2011____PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothePalacehalloftheweddingceremony.

A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.beforeBA考點(diǎn)5：分清定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

(2017

江蘇卷)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which_________（be）bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens'statusasaleadingnovelist.

句意：《遠(yuǎn)大前程》的出版得到廣泛地評(píng)價(jià)和高度地贊揚(yáng)，也強(qiáng)化了狄更斯作為領(lǐng)袖級(jí)小說(shuō)家的地位?？键c(diǎn)6：主謂一致was

當(dāng)先行詞是“theonlyoneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)先行詞是“oneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

①Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______latethismorning.他是今早唯一一個(gè)遲到的學(xué)生。②Heisoneofthestudentswho______latethismorning.

他是今早所有遲到學(xué)生中的一個(gè)。Oneofthestudentswaslatethismorning.其中有一個(gè)學(xué)生遲到了。(主語(yǔ))was

were

限制性定語(yǔ)從句在寫作中的應(yīng)用restrictiveattributiveclauses

=bettersentencesinEnglishwriting:1.allowusnottorepeatonewordoftenandmakesentencesmorefluent,naturalandvivid.2.addmorewordsandinformation.

如何寫出定語(yǔ)從句：方法1：兩句涉及同一事物的簡(jiǎn)單句，將其中一句改為定語(yǔ)從句，去修飾另外一句子中的相同事物。

（注意關(guān)系詞的選用）方法2：找出這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的中心詞，用定語(yǔ)從句豐富其內(nèi)容或者性質(zhì)特征。2019全國(guó)Ⅰ卷假定你是李華，暑假在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)，得知當(dāng)?shù)孛佬g(shù)館要舉辦中國(guó)畫展。請(qǐng)寫一封信申請(qǐng)做志愿者，內(nèi)容包括：1．寫信目的：2．個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)：3．能做的事情。DearSir/Madam,IamaChinesestudentnamedLihua.IamstudyinginLondonduringthesummervacation.IamdelightedtoknowthatthelocalartgallerywillholdanexhibitionofChinesepaintingsandvolunteersarewantedforit.I'mwritingtoapplyfortheposition.DearSir/Madam,IamaChinesestudentnamedLihua.IamstudyinginLondonduringthesummervacation.IamaChinesestudentnamedLihuawhoisstudyinginLondonduringthesummervacation.IamdelightedtoknowthatthelocalartgallerywillholdanexhibitionofChinesepaintingsandvolunteersarewantedforit.I'mwritingtoapplyfortheposition.KnowingthatvolunteersarewantedforanexhibitionofChinesepaintingswhichwillbeheldintheloca