牛津版滬教版英語八年級(上)Unit-8-English-week-語法講解+練習(xí)+答案

Unit8Englishweek語法講解：情態(tài)動詞（should和hadbetter）情態(tài)動詞（Modalverbs）本身有一定的詞義，表示語氣的單詞。但是不能獨(dú)立作謂語，只能和動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞用在行為動詞前，表示說話人對這一動作或狀態(tài)的看法或主觀設(shè)想。情態(tài)動詞雖然數(shù)量不多，但用途廣泛，主要有下列：原形過去式同義詞組詞義例句cancouldbeableto能Hecandoitbyhimself.maymight可以Mayhesithere?mustmusthave/hasto必須Hemustgonow.Itisgoingtorain.have/hastohadtomust不得不Hehastogonow.Itisgoingtorain.hadbetterhadbetter最好Hehadbettergonow.Itisgoingtorain.oughttooughtto應(yīng)該Heoughttogonow.Itisgoingtorain.shallshould要，應(yīng)該Shallwehaveatalk?willwould想，要Wouldhegowithyou?needneeded在肯定句中常作實意動詞，在否定、疑問句中常作情態(tài)動詞必須Heneedstostudyhard.(實意動詞)Needhewearacoat?(情態(tài)動詞)daredared敢Hedarestogoalone.(實意動詞)Hedarenottellme.(情態(tài)動詞)一、情態(tài)動詞should的用法【教材典句】1.YoushouldcommunicateinEnglishwithyourfriendswheneveryoucan.2.YoushouldreadEnglishbooksandmagazines,andwatchEnglishtelevisionprogrammes.3.Shetoldtheclassthattheyshouldstudyhardforthenextexam.4.EmilyshouldpronounceherwordsmoreclearlywhenshespeaksinEnglish.

以上四個句子，主要圍繞著情態(tài)動詞should的用法展開，形象鮮明地展現(xiàn)了should的用法?！菊Z法全解】Should為情態(tài)動詞，意為“應(yīng)該”，后接動詞原形，其否定形式為shouldn’t，變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r，should提到句首。無人稱和數(shù)的變化。其用法如下：

1.否定形式shouldnot(shouldn’t)意為“不應(yīng)該；不應(yīng)當(dāng)”Youshouldn’tsitinthesunallday.你不應(yīng)該整天坐在太陽底下。Theyshouldn’tspendtoomuchmoney.你不應(yīng)該花太多錢。2.常用Ishould或weshould表達(dá)“對自己而言該做些什么”Ishouldgohome.It’smidnight.我該回家了?，F(xiàn)在凌晨了。Weshouldinvitethemforameal.我們該邀請他們吃飯。常用Ishouldn’t或weshouldn’t表達(dá)“對自己而言不該做某事”Ishouldn’tspendtoomuchmoney.我不該花太多錢了。(1)表示義務(wù)，責(zé)任時，意為“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Youshouldhelpyourmotherwithyourhousework.你應(yīng)該幫你媽媽做家務(wù)。Weshouldstudyhard.我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。(2)表示委婉地提出意見或建議時，意為“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”。常用youshould\shouldn’t來向他人提出建議。Youshouldbrushyourteethbeforeyougotobed.睡覺前你應(yīng)該刷牙。Youshouldlookforabetterjob.你應(yīng)該找一份更好的工作。Youshouldn’tdrivesofast.你應(yīng)該開（車）這么快。(3)表示命令或要求時，語氣比較強(qiáng)烈。Youshouldn’tgooutatnight.你不應(yīng)該晚上外出。3.用shouldI/we---來向他人尋求建議ShouldIwritemynamehere?我要在這里寫名字嗎？WhatshouldIsaytoHelen?我應(yīng)該和海倫說什么呢？Ineedanewpassport.WhereshouldIgo?我需要一本新護(hù)照。我要去哪里（辦）呢？4.常用Ithinkweshould及Idon’tthinkyoushould等來表達(dá)自己的觀點Ithinkweshouldgetanewcar.我覺得我們應(yīng)該買一輛新車。Idon’tthinkyoushouldbelievehim.我覺得我們不應(yīng)該相信他。5.還可以用doyouthinkIshould……?來尋求建議Hehasn’trepliedtomyemail.DoyouthinkIshouldphonehim?他沒有回復(fù)郵件。你覺得我是否應(yīng)該打電話給他呢？WhatdoyouthinkIshouldgiveTomforhisbirthday?你覺得我應(yīng)該送什么生日禮物給Tom呢？

6.Should與oughtto，意思相似，用法如下：

肯定句：Students

should

studyhard.=Students

oughtto

studyhard

否定句：Students

shouldn’t

studyhard.=Students

oughtnotto

studyhard.

疑問句：Should

studentsstudyhard?=Ought

students

to

studyhard？

回答：Yes,theyshould./No,theyshouldn’t.

=Yes,theyoughtto./No,theyoughtnotto.二、hadbetter的用法【教材典句】1.You’dbetterbeontimeforyoulessons.2.You’dbettergoandseeadoctor.3.You’dbetteraskhertocomealongnexttime.4.You’dbettertakeanumbrellawithyou.【語法全解】hadbetter是一個固定短語，意為“最好”，用于表示對別人的勸告、建議或表示一種愿望。其用法有以下幾點：1.hadbetter后面必須跟動詞原形。hadbetter后跟動詞原形（即不帶to的不定式），構(gòu)成hadbetterdosth.短語。縮寫形式為’dbetter。請注意，had不能用have來替換。You’dbettergotohospitalatonce.你最好馬上去醫(yī)院。Tom,you’dbettergotheretoday.Tom，你最好今天就去那兒。2.主語無論是第幾人稱，無論用什么時態(tài)，都要用hadbetter的形式。Nowyou/he/wehadbetterlistentotheteacher.你/他/我們現(xiàn)在最好聽老師的話。3.hadbetter的否定式：常用的否定形式是將not直接放在hadbetter的后面。否定形式是hadbetternot，縮寫形式為’dbetternotYouhadbetternotmissthelastbus.我最好不要錯過最后一趟汽車。You’dbetternotleaveforNanjingthedayaftertomorrow.你后天最好不要去南京。

4.可以用于指現(xiàn)在；Youhadbetterlistentotheradionow.你現(xiàn)在最好聽聽收音機(jī)。Youhadbetterbequiet.你最好安靜。也可以用于指將來。Youhadbetterstarttomorrow.你最好明天出發(fā)。你最好買更貴那個。它將持續(xù)更久，這樣最終它會更便宜。5.hadbetter在表示對別人進(jìn)行勸告、建議時，不宜用于與陌生人、長輩及上級的交談中。對長輩說話時，比較有禮貌的說法是Itmightbebetterforyou……,或Itwouldbebetterforyou……等。Itmightbebetterforyoutohelpme,Grandpa.奶奶你最好幫我一下。Itwouldbebetterforyoutowaitmeforasecond,Mr.Li.李先生你最好等我一下。

【拓展】英語中，表示建議的方式有很多，歸納起來還有以下幾種常見的句型：表達(dá)方式句型結(jié)構(gòu)含義實例直接建議法Let’s+動詞原形表示“我們一起做某事吧”Let’sgoshopping.委婉建議法Shallwe+動詞原形?表示“我們做某事好嗎？”Shallwegooutforawalk?Wouldyoumind(not)+動名詞?表示“你介意（不）做某事嗎？/你（不要）做某事好嗎？”Wouldyoumindnotopeningthewindow?征求性建議法Howabout/Whatabout+名詞、代詞、動名詞?表示“做某事怎么樣？”Howaboutplayingbasketball?責(zé)備性建議法Whydon’tyou/Whynot+動詞原形?表示“你為什么不做某事呢？”Whynotaskyourteacher?請求性建議法Would/Could/youpleasedo/notdosth?表示“請你做/不要做某事好嗎？”Wouldyoupleasewaitforme?Wouldyouliketodo/nottodosth?表示“你想做/不想做某事嗎？”Wouldyouliketohavearest?Unit8Englishweek語法練習(xí)1、單項選擇1.You_______lateforschool.A.hadnotbettertobe

B.hadnotbetterbeC.hadbetternottobe

D.hadbetternotbe2.You’dbetter________atonce.A.go

B.goes

C.went

D.togo3.Iwasn’tsurewhetherI_________offertohelpornot.

A.should

B.might

C.would

D.needed4.We_______learnasmuchaswecanatschool.A.maynot

B.should

C.shouldn’t

D.mustn’t5.Accordingtothenewlaw,people_______driveafterdrinkingwineorbeer.A.can

B.wouldn’t

C.needn’t

D.mustn’t

6.It’srainingheavilyoutside.You_______leavenow.

A.hadbetter

B.oughtto

C.hadbetternotto

D.hadbetternot7.You’dbetter________latenexttime.

A.nottobe

B.notbe

C.Won’tbe

D.don’tbe8.You’remakingsomuchnoiseinthelibrary!You_______comehere.A.should

B.shouldn’t

C.will

D.need

9.TheEarthisindanger.Weshould_______moretrees.A.cutdown

B.planting

C.plant

D.toplant*10.Look!Whatyou’vedone!You______morecareful.A.maybe

B.hadto

C.shouldhavebeen

D.wouldbe

11.Excuseme,IwanttogotoYuexiuPark.Whichbus_______Itake?

A.must

B.should

C.may

D.need

12.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife;you_______hurtyourself.A.shouldn’t,may

B.can’t,shouldn’t

C.won’t,can’t

D.mustn’t,can13.You_______driveyourcarsofast.It’sverydangerous.A.wouldn’t

B.shouldn’t

C.couldn’t

D.mightn’t14.Acountryhasdreams.Weteenagers_________alsohavedreams.Withdreamsandhardwork,

anythingamazingcanbecreated.A.may

B.must

C.should

D.Might15.--Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?--No,you________.You________toleaveuntilthebellrings.A.mustn’t;areallowedB.don’thaveto;aresupposedC.needn’t;aren’tallowedD.can’t;aren’tsupposed2、完成句子（1）用should或shouldn’t補(bǔ)全句子1.

(you/work)sohard.Haveaholiday.2.Ienjoywatchingfilms.

(we/go)tothecinemamoreoften.3.

(you/park)here.It’snotallowed.4.What

(I/cook)fordinnertonight?5.

(you/wear)acoat.It’scoldoutside.6.

(you/smoke).It’sbadforyou.7.

(we/arrive)attheairporttwohoursbeforetheflight.8.

(I/pay)noworlater?9.Doyouthink

(I/apply)forthisjob?10.Whatdoyouthink

(I/write)inthisspaceontheform?11.

(I/eat)anymorecake.I’vealreadyeatentoomuch.12.Thisfoodisterrible.

(we/complain)tothemanager.

（2）用hadbetter、括號中的詞及其它必要的詞補(bǔ)全句子。1.YouaregoingoutforawalkwithTom.Itmightrain.YousaytoTom：(anumbrella)We

2.YouandAnnplantogotoarestaurantthisevening.It’saverypopularrestaurant.YousaytoAnn：(book)We

3.Jilldoesn’tlookverywellenoughtogotowork.Yousaytoher：(work)

4.Youreceivedyourphonebillfourweeksago,butyouhaven’tpaidityet.Ifyoudon’tpayitverysoon,youwillbeintrouble.Yousaytoyourself：(pay)

5.Youwanttogoout,butyou’reexpectinganimportantphonecall.Yousaytoyourfriends：(goout)I

6.YouandFionaaregoingtothetheatre.You’vemissedthebusandyoudon’twanttobelate.YousaytoFiona：(ataxi)

（3）用should和hadbetter完成句子（在適當(dāng)位置加入not）1

A：ShouldHenrystayinbed?

B：No,thedoctorsaidhe

(should)stayinbed.2

A：Canwemovethatcupboard?

B：No,it’sverydelicate,soyou

(hadbetter)leaveitwhereitis.3

A：Shouldwechangethesenotices?

B：No,theshowisstillon,sowe

(should)changethemuntilnextweek.4

A：You’dbettertellthebossabouttheaccidentimmediately.

B：No,she’sinabadmood.I

(hadbetter)tellheruntiltomor