高三上學(xué)期英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)小卷13

中學(xué)英語閱讀理解專練小卷（13）WaystoImproveVocabularyinJustOneDayTheaverageAmericanhasavocabularyinthethousands.Trythesetrickstomakesureyoursbuildsup.Watchmovies“Ifyouseethemovieversionofyourfavouritebookyou’relikelytohaveadeeperunderstandingandknowledgeofthewordsinit,”saysNeuman,professorofChildhoodandLiteracyEducationatNewYorkUniversity.“Seeingandreadingsomethingonthesametopicisreallyimportant.”ReadmagazinesIfyouwanttoimprovevocabulary,don’tjustflipthroughyourfavouritemagazine,reallyreadit.ListentohowwordssoundManypeoplewon’tremembertrickywordsunlesstheycomeacrossthemfrequently.Butifyouhearawordthatyouthinksoundsinteresting,youbecomewordconscious(有意識的)andstartusingityourself,saysNeuman.Joinabookclub“Bookclubsareawonderfulstrategytolearnnewwords,”saysNeuman.Notonlywillitforceyoutosetasidetimeinyourdaytoread,butit’salsoagoodwaytodiscoverbooksyoumightnotnormallybedrawnto.ListentotheradioThosetypesofprogramscanexposeyoutotopicsyoumaynotbefamiliarwith.Don’tmissthesemiddleschoolvocabularywordsadultsstilldon’tknow.PayattentiontoyoursurroundingsNexttimewalkdownabusystreetortakeawalkinthepark,trytodescribewhatyou’reseeingasmuchaspossibleinsideyourhead.Read,read,readEvenifyoudon’tstoptolookupeverysingleforeignword,chancesareyoucanimprovevocabularysimplybyfiguringout(想出)theirmeaningbasedonthecontext.221．Howmanytricksmentionedabovearethroughhearing?A．1. B．2. C．3 D．4.222．Accordingtothepassage,howwillyoufindsomespecialandunusualbooks?A．Byjoiningabookclub. B．Bylisteningtotheradio.C．Bywalkingaround. D．Bywatchingmovies.223．Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?A．Asportsmagazine. B．Asciencereport.C．Awebsite. D．Anovel.InOctober,Itoldtheeight-year-oldsintheclassIteachinPomptonLakes,NewJersey,aboutmyplan.“Sinceallofyouhavedoneextrajobsaroundthehousetoearnsomemoney,”Isaid,“thenwe’llbuyfoodforaThanksgivingdinnerforsomeonewhomightnothaveanicedinnerotherwise.”Ihopedtheycouldexperienceasenseoftheirownpowertobringchange.Iwatchedthemwhiletheywalkedupanddownthesupermarket.“Flowers!”Kristinecried.Thegrouprushedtowardstheholidayplants.“Youcan’teatflowers.”—Itwaswisertouseanyextramoneytobuysomethingthatcouldbeturnedintomeals.“ButMrsSherlock,”camethebeggingvoice,“wewantflowers.”Defeatedfinally,Iputapotof“funny”purplemums(菊花)inthecartfulloffoods.“She’lllikethisone,”thechildrenagreed.Anorganizationhadgivenusthenameandaddressofaneedygrandmotherwhohadlivedaloneformanyyears.Wefinallypulledupinfrontofasmallhouse.Aslightly-builtwomanwithawearyfacecametothedoortowelcomeus.Mylittlegrouprantogetthefoods.As,eachboxwascarriedin,theoldwomankeptonsaying“Thanks.”-muchtohervisitors’pleasure.WhenAmyputthemumsonthecounter,thewomanseemedsurprised.She’swishingitwasabagofrice,Ithought.Wereturnedtothecar.Aswefastenedourseatbelts,wecouldseethekitchenwindow.Thewomaninsidewavedgoodbye,thenturnedandwalkedacrosstheroom,pasttheturkey,pastthegoods,straighttothemums.Sheputherfaceinthem.Whensheraisedherhead,therewasasmileonherlips.Shewastransformed(轉(zhuǎn)變)beforeoureyes.Thechildrenwerequiet.Atthatmoment,theyhadseenforthemselvesthepowertheyhavetomakeanother’slifebetter.ThechildrenhadsensedthatsometimesapersonneedsapotoffunnypurpleflowersonadarkNovemberday.224．Whatistheauthor’splanaimedat?A．Helpingstudentsfocusontheirhappiness.B．Teachingstudentsthenecessityofdoinghousework.C．Lettingstudentsfeeltheirabilitytomakeadifference.D．Gettingstudentstoknowhowtobefinanciallyindependent.225．Whydidtheauthorconsiderthemums“funny”?A．Becauseshethoughttheyweretoougly.B．Becauseshethoughttheywereforchildren.C．Becauseshethoughttheyweretooexpensive.D．Becauseshethoughttheycouldn’thelppeopleinneed.226．Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A．Theoldwomanpreferredfoodtoflowers.B．Flowersaremoreimportantthanfoodtothepoor.C．Theoldwoman’sdarkdaywasbrightenedbythechildren.D．Allthemoneythechildrenearnedwastransformedtofood.227．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．APerfectLesson B．TheImportanceofGivingC．AHappyShoppingDay D．TheSecrettoHappinessSometimes,youjustcan’thelpit.Maybeyou’rewatchingasadmovie,orthinkingaboutthefriendwhomovedaway.Nextthingyouknow,youfeelpressureinyourthroat,youreyesarewatering,andyouhavetearsrunningdownyourcheeks.AccordingtoAdVingerhoets,aprofessorofpsychologyatTilburgUniversity,intheNetherlands,whoisoneofthefewscientistsintheworldwhohavestudiedcrying,therearethreetypesoftears.Basaltearsarethefirsttype.Theyactasaprotectivebarrierbetweentheeyeandtherestoftheworld.Nextarereflextears.Theywashyoureyescleanwhensomethinggetsinthem.Finally,thereareemotionaltears.“Thesearereleasedinresponsetoemotionalstates,”explainsVingerhoets.Scientistsbelievecryinghassomethingtodowithhowhumansdevelopedandlearnttodependoneachother.“Humansareverycomplexsocialcreatures,”saysLaurenBylsma,aprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh,inPennsylvania.“Itseemsthattearsservetoarousehelpandsupportfromothers,”shesays.Vingerhoetsagrees,“Ithinkthatthereasonwhyhumansshedtears(流眼淚)hassomethingtodowithourchildhood.”Hesays,“That’sthetimewhenwearestilldependentonadultsforloveandprotectionandcare.Themajoradvantageofemotionaltearsisthatyoucantargetthemataspecificperson.”Vingerhoetssaysthisabilitycouldhavecomeinhandyinprehistorictimes,whenhumanswerelivingamongdangerousanimals.Tearswereasaferwaytogetattention.“Inthiscase.itisbettertouseasilentsignaltoaskforhelp,”hesays.VingerhoetsandBylsmadofrequentstudiestobetterunderstandwhyhumanscry.AccordingtoBylsma,thereisstillmuchmoretodiscover.“It’ssurprising,”shesays,“howmuchwestilldon’tknow.”228．Whichofthefollowingisreflextears?A．Tearswheneyesaredry. B．Tearsmovedbyastory.C．Tearsreleasedwhencrying. D．Tearswhendirtgetsintoeyes.229．Theunderlinedphrase“thisability”inparagraph4referstotheabilityto________.A．seekhelpwisely B．a(chǎn)imtearsatsomeoneC．cryemotionally D．a(chǎn)ppealtootherpeople230．Fromthetext,welearnthatAdVingerhoetsandLaurenBylsma________.A．havelearnedenoughabouttears B．a(chǎn)reworkingtogethertostudytearsC．thinkpositivelyoftheeffectsoftears D．holddifferentopinionsaboutthecausesoftears231．Whatisthisarticlemainlyabout?A．Thereasonbehindtears. B．Thecomponentsoftears.C．Thetypesoftears. D．Theopinionsabouttears.Summer2022wasahardtimeformany.HugeheatwavessweptacrossEuropeancountriesandpartsofChina.Theybroughtextreme(極端)hightemperaturesanddrought.Europehasexperienceditshottestsummersince1979.InSpain,temperaturesquicklyincreasedpast40℃anditwasoneofthehottestsummersonrecord:InItalyandGreece,temperatureshit38℃ormore.Europealsoexperienceditsmostseriousdroughtin500years.Thedryconditionsledtowildfires.Thelackofrainfallcausedwatershortages.Asaresult,waterusesbecameabigproblem.BackinChina,similarthingshappenedinthesummer.Heatwaveshitmanyplacesacrossthecountry.Chongqing’shighesttemperaturereached45℃,breakingitshistoricalrecord.InAugust,morethan20forestfireshappenedinthearea.Heatwavesaremoreharmfulthanyoumightexpect.Ifpeoplestayinhightemperaturesfortoolong,theheatwillharmtheirbodiesandmakepeoplefeelsick,passoutorevendie.Duringthe2003heatwaveinEurope,about70,000peopledied.Besidesthis,heatwavesmakesomeinfectiousdiseases(傳染病)evenmoreserious.Whatcausedtheextremeweatherevent?Scientistssaidclimatechangewaslikelytobethereason.Countriesandorganizationsaretakingactiontodealwithit.TheEuropeanUnionhassetitsgoaltoachievenet-zeroemissions(凈零排放)by2050.Chinaalsohasthegoalofpeakingcarbondioxideemission(碳排放達(dá)到峰值)before2030andachievingcarbonneutrality(碳中和)before2060.Manycountrieshavecarriedoutpolicies,likesupportinggreenenergyandmakingmoreefficientuseofenergy.232．Whathappenedlastsummerinthepassage?A．Manypeoplediedbecauseofheatwaves.B．Theworldfacedthehighesttemperaturesinhistory.C．Someinfectiousdiseasesbrokeout(爆發(fā))inEurope.D．HugeheatwavesaffectedEuropeancountriesandpartsofChina.233．Fromthepassage,whatproblemsdidheatwavesbring?①infectiousdisease

②hightemperature

③drought

④heavyrainA．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④234．Theunderlinedphrase“passout”probablymeans________inChinese.A．去世 B．經(jīng)過 C．流汗 D．暈倒235．Whatmightcausetheextremeweathereventaccordingtothepassage?A．Climatechange. B．Carbonneutrality.C．TheEuropeanUnion’spolicies D．Efficientuseofenergy.Parentsannoyedbytheirlittleones’pickyfoodchoicesoftensighinanger,thinking,“They’llgrowoutofitbycollege.”Maybenot,suggestsanewstudyfromBowlingGreenStateUniversityinOhio.Someyoungpeoplecontinuetheirpickyeatingintoearlyadulthood,oftenrestrictingtheirdietsto10foodsorevenfewer.Suchadeficientdietcanmeanthey’renotgettingthefibre(纖維)andvegetablestheyneed,whichcouldbeahealthproblem.Thestudyalsosuggestspickyeatersmayalsobeexperiencingotherchallengessuchassocialphobias(恐懼癥),includingaroundeating.Thesocialphobiaisthefearofbeingjudgedbyothersduringeverydayactivities,oftenresultinginfearorembarrassment.Forthestudy,researcherssurveyed488Midwesterncollegestudents.About40%ofthestudentswereidentifiedaspickyeaters.Andabout65%ofthoserespondentssaidtheyatefewerthan10foods.“Weaskedparticipantstojusttelluswhatchallengesaroundpickyeatingmighthavehadoranybenefitstheymightsee,andpeopleanswereddifferentlyintermsofwhathasaneffectonthem,”saidco-authorLaurenDial,adoctoralstudentatBowlingGreenStateatthetimeofthestudy.Manyindicatedthey’deatlessornotatalloutsidethehome.One19-year-oldmansaidhe’ddrinkwaterhalfthetime“duetomypickyeating”,accordingtothestudy.Another18-year-oldsaid,“SometimestherearesomeawkwardcommentswhenIameatingwithmygirlfriendandherfamily.”A23-year-oldwomansaidherparentswouldgetfrustratedatherrefusaltotrythefoodsshewasserved.“Pickyeatingdoeshavealottodowiththepresentationoffoods(howthey’representedonaplate),andthetexture(口感)offoods,”Dialsaid,“butthere’salsofearoftryingnewfoodsandthatmightplayintopickyeating.”Bylearningmoreaboutpickyeatinginadults,theresearcherssaidtheymaybeabletodeterminehowbesttointervene(干預(yù))beforetheproblembecomesmoresevereforsomepeople.236．Whatcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“deficient”inparagraph1?A．High-fibre. B．Low-fat. C．Balanced. D．Limited.237．Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtododuringtheresearch?A．Recordhowoftentheyeatout.B．Ignorewhatinfluencestheireating.C．Expresshowpickyeatingaffectsthem.D．Counthowmanykindsoffoodstheyprefer.238．Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopparagraph3?A．Bypresentingdata. B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byfollowingtimeorder. D．Byprovidingexamples.239．Whatcanbeinferredaboutpickyeatinginthelastparagraph?A．Ithassomethingtodowithfamilytraditions.B．Itcanbeeasilycuredbytheresearchers.C．Itcanhavebothphysicalandmentalreasons.D．Itoftencomesalongwithseriousmentalillnesses.答案：221．B222．A223．C【來源】湖南省長沙市湖南大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高一入學(xué)考試英語試題【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了提高英語詞匯量和積累英語詞匯的一些方法和技巧。221．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Listentohowwordssound（聽單詞的發(fā)音）和Listentotheradio（聽收音機(jī)）可知，這兩個技巧是通過聽來實(shí)現(xiàn)詞匯的增長的。故選B項(xiàng)。222．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Joinabookclub部分的“Notonlywillitforceyoutosetasidetimeinyourdaytoread,butit’salsoagoodwaytodiscoverbooksyoumightnotnormallybedrawnto.(它不僅會迫使你在一天中留出時間來閱讀，而且也是發(fā)現(xiàn)平時可能不吸引你的書的好方法)”可知，加入閱讀俱樂部可以幫助你找到一些特別的、與眾不同的書。故選A項(xiàng)。223．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“WaystoImproveVocabularyinJustOneDay(在一天內(nèi)提高詞匯量的方法)”以及七個小標(biāo)題可知，文章介紹了提高英語詞匯量和積累英語詞匯的一些方法和技巧，由此推知，文章有可能來自與詞匯學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)的網(wǎng)站。故選C項(xiàng)。224．C225．D226．C227．B【來源】湖南省長沙市湖南大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高一入學(xué)考試英語試題【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在感恩節(jié)晚餐打算送食物給無法享受美味晚餐的人，在孩子們的強(qiáng)烈要求下買了一盆紫色的菊花送給了一位老太太。老太太收到花后臉上露出了微笑，孩子們的善良和鮮花改變了老人的心情和生活。224．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ihopedtheycouldexperienceasenseoftheirownpowertobringchange.(我希望他們能體會到自己帶來改變的力量)”可知，作者的計劃的目的是讓學(xué)生感受到他們有能力有所作為。故選C。225．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Youcan’teatflowers.”—Itwaswisertouseanyextramoneytobuysomethingthatcouldbeturnedintomeals.(“你不能吃花?！枚嘤嗟腻X去買一些可以做成飯菜的東西是更明智的)”可知，作者認(rèn)為這些菊花“可笑”是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為它們不能幫助有需要的人。故選D。226．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thechildrenwerequiet.Atthatmoment,theyhadseenforthemselvesthepowertheyhavetomakeanother’slifebetter.ThechildrenhadsensedthatsometimesapersonneedsapotoffunnypurpleflowersonadarkNovemberday.(孩子們很安靜。在那一刻，他們親眼看到了自己讓別人的生活更美好的力量。孩子們已經(jīng)感覺到，在11月的黑暗日子里，有時一個人需要一盆有趣的紫色花朵)”可知，孩子們點(diǎn)亮了老婦人黑暗的一天。故選C。227．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“InOctober,Itoldtheeight-year-oldsintheclassIteachinPomptonLakes,NewJersey,aboutmyplan.“Sinceallofyouhavedoneextrajobsaroundthehousetoearnsomemoney,”Isaid,“thenwe’llbuyfoodforaThanksgivingdinnerforsomeonewhomightnothaveanicedinnerotherwise.”Ihopedtheycouldexperienceasenseoftheirownpowertobringchange.(10月，我把我的計劃告訴了我在新澤西州龐普頓湖所教班級里的8歲孩子?！凹热荒銈兌荚诩依镒鲱~外的工作賺點(diǎn)錢，”我說，“那么我們就為那些可能吃不到豐盛晚餐的人買感恩節(jié)晚餐的食物吧?！蔽蚁Ｍ麄兡荏w會到自己帶來改變的力量)”結(jié)合文章講述了作者在感恩節(jié)晚餐打算送食物給無法享受美味晚餐的人，在孩子們的強(qiáng)烈要求下買了一盆紫色的菊花送給了一位老太太。老太太收到花后臉上露出了微笑，孩子們的善良和鮮花改變了老人的心情和生活?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)“給予的重要性”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。228．D229．B230．C231．A【來源】湖南省長沙市湖南大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高一入學(xué)考試英語試題【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章首先介紹了人類眼淚的類型，然后分析了其中的情感型眼淚的積極作用和意義。228．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Nextarereflextears.Theywashyoureyescleanwhensomethinggetsinthem.(下一個是反射型眼淚。當(dāng)有東西進(jìn)入眼睛時，它們會把你的眼睛洗干凈)”可知，反射型眼淚指的是有異物進(jìn)入眼睛時流下的眼淚。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“塵土進(jìn)入眼睛時的眼淚”屬于反射型眼淚。故選D項(xiàng)。229．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Themajoradvantageofemotionaltearsisthatyoucantargetthemataspecificperson.(情感型流淚的主要好處是，你可以針對一個特定的人)”和下文“couldhavecomeinhandyinprehistorictimes,whenhumanswerelivingamongdangerousanimals.Tearswereasaferwaytogetattention.(可能在史前時代派上用場，當(dāng)時人類與危險的動物生活在一起。眼淚是一種更安全的獲得關(guān)注的方式)”可知，情感型流淚針對特定的人的好處幫助史前人類獲得關(guān)注，保障安全。由此可知，thisability指代的是上文提到的將眼淚針對一個特定的人，即對特定的人流淚。故選B項(xiàng)。230．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Bylsma所說的話“Itseemsthattearsservetoarousehelpandsupportfromothers(眼淚似乎是為了喚起別人的幫助和支持)”和第四段中的“Vingerhoetsagrees,“Ithinkthatthereasonwhyhumansshedtears(流眼淚)hassomethingtodowithourchildhood.”Hesays,“That’sthetimewhenwearestilldependentonadultsforloveandprotectionandcare.Themajoradvantageofemotionaltearsisthatyoucantargetthemataspecificperson.”(Vingerhoets對此表示贊同，“我認(rèn)為人類流淚的原因與我們的童年有關(guān)?！彼f：“這是我們?nèi)匀灰蕾嚦赡耆说膼?、保護(hù)和照顧的時候。情感型眼淚的主要好處是，你可以針對特定的人流淚?！?”可知，Bylsma認(rèn)為眼淚可以幫助人們得到他人的幫助和支持，Vingerhoets同樣認(rèn)為兒童可以用眼淚得到成人的愛、保護(hù)和照顧。由此推知，兩人都積極地看待眼淚的作用。故選C項(xiàng)。231．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章圍繞眼淚展開，首先簡單介紹了人類眼淚的類型，然后主要從兩位研究者AdVingerhoets和LaurenBylsma的角度切入，分析了其中的情感型眼淚的積極作用和意義。由此可知，文章主要介紹了眼淚背后的原因。故選A項(xiàng)。232．D233．B234．D235．A【來源】湖南省長沙市湖南大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高一入學(xué)考試英語試題【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了2022年夏天巨大熱浪席卷歐洲國家和中國部分地區(qū)，導(dǎo)致極端高溫和干旱，并引發(fā)很多環(huán)境、健康方面的問題，為此各國和各組織正在采取行動應(yīng)對這一問題。232．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Summer2022wasahardtimeformany.HugeheatwavessweptacrossEuropeancountriesandpartsofChina.(2022年夏天對許多人來說是一段艱難的時期。巨大的熱浪席卷了歐洲國家和中國部分地區(qū))”可知，去年夏天巨大的熱浪影響了歐洲國家和中國部分地區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)。233．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theybroughtextreme(極端)hightemperaturesanddrought.(它們帶來了極端高溫和干旱)”可知，熱浪會導(dǎo)致高溫和干旱的問題。故選B項(xiàng)。234．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞的上文“Ifpeoplestayinhightemperaturesfortoolong,theheatwillharmtheirbodiesandmakepeoplefeelsick(如果人們在