病原生物學(xué)（微生物部分）題庫(kù)：24

.Whichoneofthefollowingviruscancauselatentinfection____________。a.measlesvirusb.varicellazostervirusc.respiratorysyncytialvirusd.ECHOviruse.rotavirus2.ThemainmechnismoftheantiviralactionofIFNis____________。a.directlyinactivationvirusb.inhibitiongviralenteringintohostcellc.inhibitiongviralreleased.inducingtheproductionofantiviralproteinbythehostcellse.inhibitiongviraluncoat3.Whichoneofthefollowingviruscancauseverticaltransmission____________。a.HAVb.CMVc.influenzavirusd.rabiesviruse.JapaneseBencephalitisvirus4.下列病毒中，通過(guò)神經(jīng)播散引起全身感染的是____________。a.巨細(xì)胞病毒b.EB病毒c.單純皰疹病毒d.狂犬病毒e.人類免疫缺陷病毒5.可通過(guò)血流播散引起全身感染的病毒是：____________。a.鼻病毒b.流感病毒c.麻疹病毒d.呼吸道合胞病毒e.單純皰疹病毒6.在下列病毒中，不通過(guò)垂直傳播的是____________。a.乙型肝炎病毒b.EB病毒c.人類免疫缺陷病毒d.單純皰疹病毒e.流感病毒7.中和抗體的主要作用是：____________。a.阻止病毒基因的表達(dá)b.阻止病毒吸附細(xì)胞c.阻止病毒脫殼和穿入d.阻止病毒的生物合成e.阻上病毒的釋放8.病毒引起細(xì)胞病變的機(jī)制中，與免疫損傷有關(guān)的是：____________。a.病毒衣殼蛋白對(duì)細(xì)胞的毒性b.病毒出芽造成細(xì)胞膜損傷c.病毒改變細(xì)胞膜抗原引起細(xì)胞損傷d.病毒包涵體對(duì)細(xì)胞的損傷e.病毒的酶抑制細(xì)胞的代謝9.關(guān)于病毒的致病機(jī)制，錯(cuò)誤的敘述是：____________。a.病毒在細(xì)胞內(nèi)的復(fù)制抑制了細(xì)胞的正常代謝b.病毒合成侵襲性酶類使細(xì)胞裂解c.病毒基因組與細(xì)胞DNA整合，使之發(fā)生惡性轉(zhuǎn)化d.病毒感染使細(xì)胞互相融合而死亡e.病毒感染細(xì)胞膜抗原改變，引起機(jī)體免疫病理反應(yīng)10.包膜病毒的感染一般不直接導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞：____________。a.膜抗原性改變b.轉(zhuǎn)化c.融合d.裂解e.出現(xiàn)包涵體11.I型干擾素是：____________。a.活化T細(xì)胞釋放的殺病毒蛋白b.病毒感染機(jī)體產(chǎn)生的免疫球蛋白c.細(xì)胞感染病毒后產(chǎn)生的糖蛋白d.細(xì)胞感染病毒后產(chǎn)生的脂蛋白e.抗病毒的化學(xué)療劑12.于擾索抗病毒的作用機(jī)制是：____________。a.誘發(fā)細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生抗病毒蛋白b.直接抑制病毒的生物合成c.直接抑制病毒的釋放d.阻礙病毒吸附于敏感細(xì)胞e.與病毒結(jié)合，阻止其脫殼13.干擾素的生物活性中不包括：____________。a.抗毒素b.抗病毒c.抗腫瘤d.增強(qiáng)NK細(xì)胞的殺傷活性e.增強(qiáng)巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬功能14.干擾素的抗病毒作用特點(diǎn)中不包括：____________。a.間接滅活病毒b.選擇性作用于病毒感染細(xì)胞c.種屬特異性d.高活性e.只能針對(duì)某種病毒，作用有特異性15.滅活下列病毒所需溫度最高的是：____________。a.流感病毒b.乙型肝炎病毒c.流行性乙型腦炎病毒d.麻疹病毒e.甲型肝炎病毒16.關(guān)于理化因素對(duì)病毒的影響，正確的敘述是：____________。a.大多數(shù)病毒耐冷不耐熱b.60c30分鐘能殺死所有病毒c.包膜病毒體比無(wú)包膜病毒體更耐受反復(fù)凍融d.紫外線不能滅活病毒e.脂溶劑能破壞病毒衣殼17.病毒滅活是指在理化因素作用下使病毒失去：____________。a.抗原性b.感染性c.血凝特性d.誘生于擾素的能力e.融合細(xì)胞特性18.觀察病毒在細(xì)胞內(nèi)增殖的指標(biāo)不包括下列哪一項(xiàng)：列哪____________。a.細(xì)胞病變b.紅細(xì)胞吸附作用c.培養(yǎng)液變混濁d.細(xì)胞代謝改變e.干擾現(xiàn)象19.進(jìn)行病毒病原學(xué)檢查的標(biāo)本遞送要求是：____________。a.孵箱保存b.室溫保存c.加入防腐劑d.冷藏速送e.加入含抗生素和蛋白的運(yùn)輔培養(yǎng)基中冷凍速送20.檢查包涵體可作為：____________。a.病毒在細(xì)胞內(nèi)增殖的標(biāo)志之一b.衡量病毒毒力強(qiáng)弱的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)c.診斷乙型腦炎病毒感染d.鑒定病毒的特異性依據(jù)e.測(cè)定病毒數(shù)量的指標(biāo)21.細(xì)胞病變效應(yīng)不包括：____________。a.細(xì)胞圓縮、脫落b.細(xì)胞融合c.形成包涵體d.干擾現(xiàn)象e.細(xì)胞裂解22.判斷流感病毒接種雞胚尿囊腔是否生長(zhǎng)應(yīng)選：____________。a.紅細(xì)胞吸附試驗(yàn)b.血凝試驗(yàn)c.血凝抑制試驗(yàn)d.間接血凝試驗(yàn)e.補(bǔ)體結(jié)合試驗(yàn)23.可用于制備病毒滅活疫苗的理化因素是：____________。a.紫外線b.甲醇c.甲醛d.乙醇e.乙醛24.預(yù)防病毒病最有效的方法是：____________。a.使用抗毒素b.使用抗病毒化學(xué)療劑c.使用中草藥d.使用疫苗e.使用抗菌藥物25.脊髓灰質(zhì)炎病毒糖九疫苗后，機(jī)體可產(chǎn)生：____________。a.血清lgG、IgMb.血清lgG、腸黏膜局部SIgAc.血清lgG、咽部黏膜局部SIgAd.血清IgA和lgGe.腸黏膜局部SIgA26.下述藥物中，對(duì)治療病毒感染無(wú)效果的是：____________。a.干擾素b.抗生索c.聚肌苷酸d.黃連、黃芩e.三氮唑核苷27.接～R活疫苗后，體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的抗體種類主要是____________。a.IgG、SIgAb.IgDc.IgEd.IgGe.IEM28.滅活疫苗的缺點(diǎn)不包括：____________。a.需多次注射b.免疫維持時(shí)間短c.疫苗成本高d.誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞免疫反應(yīng)差e.可發(fā)生干擾現(xiàn)象降低免疫效果29.我國(guó)目前應(yīng)用的乙型肝炎疫苗屬于：____________。a.減毒活疫苗b.滅活疫苗c.亞單位疫苗d.多價(jià)疫苗e.基因重組疫苗30.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningviralserotypesiscorrectEXCEPT:____________。a.Innakednucleocapsidviruses,theserotypeisusuallydeterminedbytheoutercapsidproteinsb.Inenvelopedviruses,theserotypeisusuallydeterminedbytheouterenvelopeproteins,especiallythespikeproteinsc.Someviruseshavemultipleserotypesd.SomeviruseshaveanRNApolymerasethatdeterminestheserotype31..Theabilityofavirustoproducediseasecanresultfromavarietyofmechanisms.WhichoneofthefollowingmechanismsisLEASTlikely?____________。a.Cytopathiceffectininfectedcellsb.Malignanttransformationofinfectedcellsc.Immuneresponsetovirus-inducedantigensonthesurfaceofinfectedcellsd.Productionofanexotoxinthatactivatesadenylatecyclase32.WhichoneofthefollowingformsofimmunitytoviruseswouldbeLEASTlikelytobelifelong?____________。a.Passiveimmunityb.passive-activeimmunityc.Activeimmunityd.Cell-mediatedimmunity33.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsconcerninginterferonsisLEASTaccurate?____________。a.Interferonsareproteinsthatinfluencehostdefensesinmanyways,oneofwhichistheinductionofanantiviralstateb.Interferonsaresynthesizedonlybyvirus-infectedcellsc.Interferonsinhibitabroadrangeofviruses,notjustthevirusthatinducedtheinterferond.Synthesisofseveralhostenzymesisinducedbyinterferonintargetcells34.ReasonablemechanismsforviralpersistenceininfectedindividualsincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT:____________。a.generationofdefective-interferingparticlesb.Virus-mediatedinhibitionofostDNAegrationofaprovirusintothegenomeofthehostd.hosttolerancetoviralantigens35.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningviralvaccinesiscorrectEXCEPT:____________。a.Inlive,attenuatedvaccines,thevireshaslostitsabilitytocausediseasebuthasretaineditsabilitytoinduceneutralizingantibodyb.Inlive,attenuatedvaccines,thepossibilityofreversiontovirulenceisofconcernc.Withinactivatedvaccines,IgAmucosalimmunityisusuallyinducedd.withinactivatedvaccines,protectiveimmunityisduemainlytotheproductionofIgG36.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerninginterferoniscorrectEXCEPT:____________。a.InterferoninhibitsthegrowthofbothDNAandRNAvirusesb.Interferonisinducedbydouble-strandedRNAc.Interferonmadebycellsofonespeciesactsmoreeffectivelyinthecellsofthatspeciesthaninthecellsofotherspeciesd.Interferonactsbypreventingvirusesfromenteringthecells37.Whichoneofthefollowingvirusespossessesagenomeofsingle-strandedRNAthatisinfectiouswhenpurified?____________。a.Influenzavirusb.Rotavimsc.Measlesvirusd.Poliovirus38.EachofthefollowingvirusespossessesaDNApolymeraseinthevirionEXCEPT:____________。a.humanimmunodeficiencyvirusb.humanTcellleukemiavirusc.Epstein-Bartvirusd.hepatitisBvirus39.WhichoneofthefollowingstrategiesisMOSTlikelytoinducelastingintestinalmucosalimmunitytopoliovirus?____________。a.Parenteral(intramuscular)vaccinationwithinactiv