度全國職稱外語等級考試試卷及答案

2008年度全國職稱外語等級考試試卷

英語

(理工類B級)第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1Shefoundmeverydull

A.dirty

B.sleepy

C.lazy

D.boring

2ThePresidentmadeabriefvisittoBeijing

A.short

B.working

C.forma

D.secret

3Hewaspersuadedtogivetheidea.

A.mention

B.accept

C.consider

D.drop

4Jackconsumesapoundofcheeseday.

A.eats

B.drinks

C.buys

D.produces

5Maryjusttoldusaveryfascinatingstory.

A.strange

B.frightening

C.difficult

D.interesting

6It'sagorgeousdayanyway

A.lovely

B.cold

C.normal

D.rainy

7Herlifeisbecomingmorediverse

A.generous

B.humorous

C.varied

D.romantic

8Foreignmilitaryaidwasprolongingthewar

A.broadening

B.worsening

C.extending

D.accelerating

9Shewasunwillingtogobutshehadnochoice.

A.unable

B.indecisive

C.ready

D.reluctant

10Sheis.slender，withdelicatewristsandankles

A.sick

B.weak

C.slim

D.pale

11Withimmenserelief,stoppedrunning

A.some

B.enormous

C.little

D.extensive

12Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata

A.collect

B.handle

C.analyze

D.investigate

13JackeventuallyOvertookthelasttruck

A.hit

B.passed

C.reached

D.led

14Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance

A.possible

B.profitable

C.easy

D.wise

15Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

A.factB.mystery

C.statement

D.game

第二部分，暫無第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23—30題，每題1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個最佳標題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1。個最佳選項。

TheSupercomputerNetwork

1Recently,tenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycan“talk”toeachother.Thismaynotseemverydramaticnews，butitisthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillincreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously.

2Thelnternetisaninterconnected(互聯(lián))systemofnetworksthatconnectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.ThewaythatyouusetheIntermitisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload(下載)files，howmuchdatayoucanstore，etc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslow，accessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.

3Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalled“thegrid”(網(wǎng)格技術(shù))，anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether.The“grid”willworkinadifferentwayfromtheIinternet.enablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformation，youwillalsohave‘a(chǎn)ccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.

4Oneadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.The“grid”willdecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant.ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerInJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.

5The“grid”canbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.Youcangaveyourassistantataskand“he”willdoitforyou.Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearch，collectthedata，comparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentersinthe“grid”thathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Ailyouhavetodoisassignthetask，sitbackandwait.

6Atpresent.possibleapplicationsofthe“grid”inscientificresearcharebeingexplored.WhileithastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespread，expertsbelievethatthe“grid”couldbeusandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworking“grid’’projectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.

23Paragraph2____________

24Paragraph3____________

25Paragraph4____________

26Paragraph5____________

AHowdoesthe“grid”work?

BPowershared

CJustmakearequest

DLimitationsofpresentInternetuse

EDistanceisnotaproblem

FAnewerafortheInternet

27Traditionallythepowerofyourcomputerdetermineshowfastyoucanaccess____________

28The“grid”willenableyoutogetonyourcomputerthepowerof___________

29The“grid”wouldbelike____________whocanperformyourtasksefficiently

30Itisbelievedthatthewidespreaduseofthe“grid”willbecomepossibleinthenext__________

Athebiggercomputerstations

Btheadvantage

Ctenyears

Dinformation

Eyourpersonalassistant

Ffifteenyears第4部分：閱讀理解(第31—45題，每題3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

第一篇Sunspots

It'snotsurprisingthatsunspots(太陽黑子)wereobservedbyancientastronomers(天文學家).Thelargestsoupspoonthesuncanbeseenwithoutatelescope.Itwasnotuntiltheinventionofthetelescope(望遠鏡)intheearly17th.century，however，thatsystematicstudiesofsunspotscouldbeundertaken.ThegreatastronomerGalileowasamongthefirsttomaketelescopicobservationsofsunspots

Sunspotsareregionsofextremelystrongmagneticfields(磁場)foundonthesun’Ssurface.Asunspothasadarkcentralcoreknownastheumbra.Theumbraissurroundedbyadarkringcalledthepenumbra，wherethemagneticfieldspreadsoutward.Sunspotsappeardarkbecausetheyaregivingofflessradiation.Theyarecoolerthantherestofthesun’SsurfaceSunspotsarefrequentlyobserved’in-'pairsofinpairedgroups.Themembersofa.spotpairareidentifiedastheleadingspotandthefollowingspot.TheyareidentifiedbytheirpositioninthepairintermsofthedirectioninWhichthesunrotates(旋轉(zhuǎn))Thenumberofsunspotsatanyonetimevaries.Alargespotgroupmayconsistofasmanyas10groupsand300spotsacrossthesun.Thenumberofspotschangesinafairlyregularpatterncalledthesunspotcycle.Thelargestnumberoccursaboutevery11years.AtsunspotminimL{m，thereareatmostjustafewsmallspotsTheaveragelifetimeofanindividualspotgroupisroughlyonesolarrotation，whichisabout25days.Themostpersistentlargeslops，howevercansurvivefortwotothreemonths.

31.Carefulobservationsandsystematicstudiesofsunspots

A.weremadebyancientastronomers.

B.startedintheearly17thcentury.

C.weremadebyGalileoonly.

D.couldbemadewithoutatelescope.

32.Sunspotsarecoolerthantherestofthesun'ssurfacebecause

A.theyproducelessenergy.

B.theyareburiedinthesun.

C.theyarefarawayfrommagneticfields.

D.theyareclosetomagneticfields.

33Theleadingspotandthefollowingspotarethenamesof

A.twolargesunspots.

B.alargespotandasmallspot.

C.thetwospotsinaspotpair.

D.thecentralcoreandtheringaroundit.

34.Infinitenesssunspotactivityhadoccurredin1857,thenextonewouldhavebeenin

A.1858.

B.1862.

C.1865

D.1868

35Inthelastparagraphtheword"persistentmeans

A.important.

B.effective.

C.enduring.

D.visible第二篇WhereHaveAlltheBeesGone?

Scientistswhostudyinsectshavearealmysteryontheirhands.Allacrossthecountry,honeybeesareleavingtheirhives(蜂巢)andneverreturning.Researcherscallthisphenomenoncolony-collapse(群體癱瘓)disorder.Itisreposedthat25to40percentofthehoneybeesintheUShavevanishedfromtheirhivessincelastfall.Sofar,noonecanexplainwhy.

Colonycollapseisaseriousconcernbecausebeesplayanimportantroleintheproductionofaboutone—thirdofthefoodsweeat.Astheyfeed，honeybeesspreadpollen(花粉)fromflowertoflower.Withoutthisprocess，aplantcan’tproduceseedsorfruits.

Now，agroupofscientistsandbeekeepershaveteameduptotrytofigureoutwhat’ScausingthealarmingcollapseofSOmanycolonies.Theyhopetofindoutwhat’Scontributingtothedeclineandtopreventbeedisappearanceinthefuture.

Itcouldbethatdiseaseiscausingthedisappearanceofthebees.Toexplorethatpossibility,JayEvans，aresearcherattheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture(SDA)BeeResearchLaboratory,examinesbeestakenfromcoloniesthatarecollapsing.“WeknowwhatahealthybeeshouldLookLikeontheinside.andwecanlookforphysicalsignsofdisease.”hesays.Andbeesfromcollapsingcoloniesdon’tlookveryhealthy.“Theirstomachsarewornparedtothestomachsofhealthybees，”‘Evanssays.Itmaybethataparasite(寄生蟲)makingthebees’digestiveorgans.Theirimmune(免疫的)systemsmaynotbeworkingastheyshould.Moreover，theyhavehighlevelsofbacteriainsidetheirbodies.

Anothercauseofcolony—collapsedisordermaybecertainchemicalsthatfarmersapplytokillunwantedinsectsoncrops，saysJerryHayes，chiefbeeinspectorfortheFloridaDepartmentofAgriculture.Somestudies，hesays，suggestthatacertaintypeofinsecticide(殺蟲劑)affectsthehoneybee’Snewelssystemandmemory.“Itseemslikehoneybeesaregoingoutandgettingconfusedaboutwheretogoandwhattodo”hesays.

1fitturnsoutthatadiseaseiscontributingtocolonycollapse，bees’genescouldexplainwhysomecolonieshavecollapsedandothershavenot.Inanygroupofbeestherearemanydifferentkindsofgenes.Themoredifferentgenesagrouphas，thehigherthegroup’Sgeneticdiversity.Sofarscientistshaven’tdeterminedtheroleofgeneticdiversityincolonycollapse，butit'sapromisingtheory，saysEvans.

36.Whatisthemysterythatresearchersfindhardtoexplain?

A.Honeybeesareflyingallacrossthecountry.

B.HalfofthehoneybeesintheUShavedied.

C.Honeybeesareleavingtheirhivesanddonotreturn.

D.Honeybeehivesareindisorder.

37.Researchersareseriouslyconcernedwiththephenomenonofcolony—collapsedisorderbecause

A.honeybeeshelpproduceone-thirdofthefoodsweeat

B.parasitesonbeesmayspreadeverywhere.

C.honeybeescannotfindenoughfoodelsewhere.

D.honeybeesfeedonflowers.

38.Whichofthefollowingisapossiblecauseofthecolony-collapsedisorder?

A.Populationexplosion.

B.Decreasingnumberofflowersaround.

C.Geneticallymodifiedproducts.

D.Diseasesandchemicals.

39.WhichofthefollowingexplanationsisgivenbyJerryHayestothephenomenon?

A.Bee-keepersdonotunderstandthehoneybee’Sbehavior.

B.Acertaintypeofchemicaldestroysthehoneybee’Snewelssystem.

C.Honeybeesareinfectedbyunwantedinsects.

D.Somecropsarepoisonoustothehoneybees.

40.Theword“diversity’inthelastparagraphmeans

A.variety.

B.makeup.

C.disorder.

D.distinction.第三篇ATaleofScottishRuralLife

LewisGrassesGibbon’sSunsetSong(1932)wasvoted“thebestScottishnovelofalltime”byScotland’sreadingpublicin2005.OnceconsideredshockingforitsfrankdescriptionofaspectsofthelivesofScotland’spoorruralfarmers，ithasbeenadaptedforstage，film。TVandradioinrecentdecades.

ThenovelissetonthefictionalestateofKinAddie，inthefarmingcountryoftheScottishnorthwestintheyearsuptoandbeyondWorldWarI.AtitsheartisthestoryofChris，whoisbothpartofthecommunityandalittleoutsideit.

GrassesGibbongivesusthemostdetailedandintimateaccountofthelifeofhisheroine(女主人公).Wewatchhergrowthroughachildhooddominatedbyhercruelbuthard—workingfather;experiencetragedy(hermother’ssuicideandmurderofhertwinchildren);andlearnaboutherfeelingsasshegrowsintoawoman.Weseehermarry，Loseherhusband，thenmarryagain.Chrishasseemedsoconvincingafiguretosomefemalereadersthattheycannot,believethatsheisthecreationofaman.

ButitwouldbemisleadingtosuggestthatthisbookisjustaboutChris.Itistrulyanovelofaplaceanditspeople.ItsopeningsectiontellsofKinAddie’slonghistory,inalanguagethatimitatestheplace’schangingpatternsofspeechandwriting.

Thestoryitselfisamazinglyfullofcharactersandincidents.ItistoldfromChris’pointofviewbutalsofromthatofthegossipingcommunity，acommunitywhereeverybodyknowseverybodyelse’sbusinessandnothingiseverforgotten.

SunsetSonghasasocialthemetoo.ItisconcernedwithwhatGrassesGibbonperceivesasthedestructionoftraditionalScottishrurallifefirstbymodernizationandthenbyWorldWarI.Gibbontriedhardtoshowhowcertaincharactersresistthewar.Despitethis，thewartakestheyoungmenaway,anumberofthemtotheirdeaths.Inparticular,ittakesawayChris’husband，EvanAvondale.ThewarfinallykillsEvan，butnotinthewayhiswidowistold，Infact.theGermansamen’tresponsibleforhisdeath，buthisownside.Heisshotbecauseheissaidtohaverunawayfromabattle.

Ifthenovelisabouttheendofonewayoflifeitalsolooksahead.Itisa“SunsetSong”butisconcernedtoowiththenewKinAddie，indeedofthenewEuropeanworld.GrassesGibbonwentontopublishtwoothernovelsabouttheplacethatcontinueitsstory.

41.WhatisSunsetSongmainlyabout?

A.TheFirstWorldWar.

B.Thebeautyofthesunset.

C.ThenewEuropeanworld

D.ThelivesofruralScottishfarmers

42.WhichstatementisNOTtrueofChris?

A.SheistheheroineofSunsetSong.

B.Shehadamiserablechildhood.

C.Sheisthecreationofman.

D.Shemarriedonlyonce.

43.Whatistheopeningsectionofthenovelmainlyconcernedwith?

A.TheclimateofKinAddie.

B.ThehistoryofKinAddie.

C.ThegeographyofKinAddie.

D.ThelanguagespokeninKinAddie.

44.WhokilledChris’husband，Evan?

A.Hisowntroops.

B.TheFrencharmy

C.TheGermans.

D.TheRussiansoldiers.

45.Theword“Sunset”inthetitleofthisnovelmostprobablymeans

A.theendoftheheroine’Slife.

B.theendoftenstory.

C.theendofthetraditionalwayoflife.

D.theendoftheday第5部分：補全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。

RisingTuitionintheUS

EverySpring，USuniversityadministratorsgathertodiscussthenextacademicyear’sbudget.Theyconsiderfacultysalaries，utilitycostsfordormitories，newbuildingneedsandrepairstooldones.Theyrunthenumbersandconclude—itseems，inevitably—that，yetagain，thecostoftuitionmustgoup.

AccordingtotheUS’sCollegeBoard，thepriceofattendingafour-yearprivateuniversityintheUSrose81percentbetween2005and2006，thenumberscontinuedtorise.1993and2004.________(46)InAccordingtouniversityofficials.collegecostincreasesaresimplytheresultofbalancinguniversitycheckbooks.“TuitionincreasesatCedarvilleUniversityaredeterminedbyourrevenueneedsforeachyear,”saidtheuniversity’spresident，DrBillBrown.“Studenttuitionpaysfor78percentoftheuniversity’soperatingcosts。”Brown’sschoolisaprivateuniversitythatenrollsabout3，100undergradsandisconsistently.recognizedbyannualcollegerankingguideslikeUSNewsandWorldReport’sandThePrincetonReview’s.__________(47)

Tuitionatprivateuniversitiesissetbyadministrationofficialsandthensentforapprovaltotheschool’sboardoftrustees(監(jiān)管)allofastate’spublicinstitutions.JohnDurham，assistantsecretary(董事)________(48)ThisboardoverseestotheboardoftrusteesatEastCarolinaUniversity(ECU)，explainsthatstatelawsaysthatpublicinstitutionsmustmaketheirservicesavailablewheneverpossibletothepeopleofthestateforfree.DurhamsaidthatNorthCarolinaresidentsonlypay22percentofthecostoftheireducation?_____(49)StateresidentsattendingECUpayaboutus$10，000fortuitionroomandboardbeforefinancialaid.

Amidthenewsaboutcontinuedincreasesincollegecosts，however，thereissomegoodnews.Tuitionincreaseshavebeenaccompaniedbyroughlyequalincreasesinfinancialaidatalmosteveryuniversity.Toreceivefinancialaid，USstudentscompleteaformalapplicationwiththefederalgove