新教材高中外研版英語選擇性必修4課時(shí)作業(yè)Unit3SectionⅡUsinglanguage

課時(shí)作業(yè)(八)Unit3SectionⅡUsinglanguageⅠ.閱讀理解AOneofthemainchallengesfacedbymanycountriesishowtomaintaintheiridentityinthefaceofglobalisationandthegrowingmulti-languagetrend.“OneofthemainreasonsforeconomicfailureinmanyAfricancountriesisthefactthat,withafewimportantexceptions,mother-tongueeducationisnotpractisedinanyoftheindependentAfricanstates，”saidNevilleAlexander,DirectoroftheProjectfortheStudyofAlternativeEducationinSouthAfricaattheUniversityofCapeTown.InresponsetothespreadofEnglishandtheincreasedmulti-languagetrendarisingfromimmigration,manycountrieshaveintroducedlanguagelawsinthelastdecade.lnsome,theuseoflanguagesotherthanthenationallanguageisbannedinpublicspacessuchasadvertisingposters.Oneofthefirstsuchlegalprovisions(規(guī)定)wasthe1994“ToubonLaw”inFrance,andtheideahasbeencopiedinmanycountriessincethen.Sucheffortstogovernlanguageuseareoftenconsideredfutilebylanguageexperts,whoarewellawareofthedifficultyincontrollingthefashioninspeechandknowfromresearchthatlanguageswitchingbetweenbilingualsisanaturalprocess.ItisespeciallydifficultfornativespeakersofEnglishtounderstandthedesiretomaintainthe“purity”ofalanguagebylaw.SincethetimeofShakespeare,Englishhasbeencontinuallyabsorbingforeignwordsintoitsownlanguage.Englishisoneofthemostmixedandrapidlychanginglanguagesintheworld,butthathasnotbeenabarriertoacquiringsuperiorityandpower.AnotherreasonforthefailureofmanynativeEnglishspeakerstounderstandtheroleofthestateregulationisthatithasneverbeentheAnglo-Saxonwayofdoingthings.Englishhasneverhadastate-controlledauthorityforthelanguage,similar,forexample,totheAcademieFransaiseinFrance.Theneedtoprotectnationallanguagesis,formostwesternEuropeans,arecentphenomenon—especiallytheneedtoensurethatEnglishdoesnottakeovertoomanyunnecessaryfields.Publicmunication,educationandnewwaysofmunicationpromotedbytechnology,maybekeyfieldstodefend.1．NevilleAlexanderbelievesthat________.A．mother-tongueeducationisnotpractisedinallAfricancountriesB．globalisationhasresultedintheeconomicfailureofAfricaC．globalisationhasledtotheriseofmulti-languagetrendD．lackofmother-tongueeducationcanleadtoeconomicfailure2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“futile”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A．Workable.B．Practical.C．Useless.D．Unnecessary.3．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Englishhastakenoverfieldslikepublicmunicationandeducation.B．ManyaspectsofnationalculturearethreatenedbythespreadofEnglish.C．Mostlanguageexpertsbelieveitisimportanttopromoteanationallanguage.D．Europeanshavelongrealisedtheneedtoprotectanationallanguage.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．FightingAgainsttheRuleofEnglishB．ProtectingLocalLanguagesandIdentityC．TheGlobalisationandMulti-IanguageTrendD．ToMaintainthePurityofLanguagebyLawBIfConfucius(孔子)werealivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28birthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles.He'dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.WhilemanypeopleinChinarememberConfuciusonhisspecialday,fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.It'snothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon'tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.Butthatdoesn'tmeanthatAmericansdon'tcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbeeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudyprogramshavegainedenormouspopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludeChineseart,historyandphilosophy(哲學(xué)).SomesocialscientistssuggestthatwesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforthelifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.Sotheoldthinker'sideasarestillaliveandgood.TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever,anditwillneedmoretointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest,evenifhisbirthdayis.5．Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphismainlyto________.A．a(chǎn)ttractreaders'interestinthesubjectB．providesomekeyfactsaboutConfuciusC．showgreatrespectfortheancientthinkerD．provethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations6．WecanlearnfromParagraph4thatAmericanstudents________.A．takeanactivepartinChinesepetitionsB．trytogethighscoresinChineseexamsC．fightforachancetolearnChineseD．showgreatinterestinstudyingChinesenowadays7．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ForgottenWisdominAmericaB．HugeFansoftheChineseLanguageC．AGreatThinkerwithaBigFutureD．ChineseCultureforWesternersⅡ.七選五Lao-tzuandConfuciuswereChina'smostfamousphilosophers.__1__“Thosewhoknowdonotsay;thosewhosaydonotknow，”saidLao-tzu.Confuciussaidthatthebestpeoplesaytheleast,butdothemost.__2__Itesfromthestorythathewasbornwithwhitehair,alreadyoldandwise.VerylittleisknownaboutLao-tzu'slife.Hiswritingsaretitledthe“TaoTeChing”．AccordingtoTaoism,theentireuniverseflowswithamysteriousforcecalledtheTao,whichmeans“TheWay”.__3__Whenpeopleforgetthis,opinionsofgoodandevilortrueandfalsehappen.Taoiststrytoremembertheironeness.However,thisiseasiersaidthandone,saidLao-tzu.Overtime,Taoismchangedabit.TaoismbecamemorepopularinAD440whenitbecameChina'sstatereligion.ManypeoplepracticeTaoismtoday.Bornin551BC,ConfuciuswanderedthroughoutChinaasagovernmentemployeeandapoliticaladviser.__4__AfterConfuciusdiedin479BC,hisstudentswrotedownhisteachingsandcalledthemLun-yu,orTheAnalects.Manyofhiscleversayingsarestillfollowedtoday.“Itisashardtobepoorwithoutplainingastoberichwithoutbeingarrogant(傲慢的)．”Confucianismsaysitisimportanttolearntobeahumanbeing.Peopleshouldactwithgoodnesstowardseachothertocreateorderandunity.ConfucianismguidedthinkinginChinauntilaboutahundredyearsago.TaoismandConfucianismhavedifferencesandsimilarities.Confucianismtellspeoplehowtoacttowardeachother.Taoismtellspeoplehowtofindmeaninginlife.Theybothshareideasaboutman,society,andtheuniverse.BothTaoismandConfucianismhaveservedasguides.__5__A．Goodthinkinglastsalongtime!B．Theirsayingsarestillusedtoday.C．Lao-tzumaynotevenhaveexisted.D．Hewasalsoamusician,thinker,andteacher.E．ThenameLao-tzumeans“OldMaster”or“OldBoy”．F．TheyhaveledChinathroughthepeaksandvalleysofitslonghistory.G．Taoistsbelievethateverythingmightseemseparate,butisactuallyone.課時(shí)作業(yè)(八)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。全球化導(dǎo)致很多國(guó)家獨(dú)特的語言文化受到了沖擊和影響，很多國(guó)家都在采取措施來保護(hù)自己國(guó)家的語言文化。1．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“OneofthemainreasonsforeconomicfailureinmanyAfricancountriesisthefactthat,withafewimportantexceptions,mother-tongueeducationisnotpractisedinanyoftheindependentAfricanstates，”saidNevilleAlexander可知，內(nèi)維爾·亞歷山大認(rèn)為母語教育的缺失會(huì)導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰敗。故選D項(xiàng)。2．答案與解析：C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的whoarewellawareofthedifficultyincontrollingthefashioninspeechandknowfromresearchthatlanguageswitchingbetweenbilingualsisanaturalprocess可判斷，很多語言專家都認(rèn)為前文所提到的為管理語言使用所付出的努力是無用的，因?yàn)檫@樣的控制是沒有什么效果的。故選C項(xiàng)。3．答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的especiallytheneedtoensurethatEnglishdoesnottakeovertoomanyunnecessaryfields(保證英語在非必要領(lǐng)域不要占據(jù)主導(dǎo)優(yōu)勢(shì))可知，很多國(guó)家的語言文化都因?yàn)橛⒄Z的普及而受到了沖擊和影響。故選B項(xiàng)。4．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句Oneofthemainchallengesfacedbymanycountriesishowtomaintaintheiridentityinthefaceofglobalisationandthegrowingmulti-languagetrend.可知，全球化導(dǎo)致很多國(guó)家獨(dú)特的語言文化受到了沖擊和影響，本文談及的正是這方面的話題。故選B項(xiàng)。B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了外國(guó)人對(duì)中國(guó)文化的興趣越來越濃，對(duì)于孔子的思想也越來越感興趣這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。5．答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知文章是以孔子生日這個(gè)有趣的話題來引起本文要討論的話題，是為了吸引讀者的注意力，讓讀者繼續(xù)讀下去。故選A項(xiàng)。6．答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudyprogramshavegainedenormouspopularityinWesternuniversities.和StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.可知現(xiàn)在美國(guó)學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)漢語表現(xiàn)出極大的興趣。故選D項(xiàng)。7．答案與解析：C主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是最后兩段Today