2013年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題之第三套(含答案)

2013年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題（第III套） PartIWriting(30minutes)（請(qǐng)于正式開考后半小時(shí)內(nèi)完成該部分，之后將進(jìn)行聽力考試）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingontheremarks“Thegreatestuseoflifeistospenditforsomethingthatwilloutlastit.”Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainwhatyouwilldotomakeyourlifemoremeaningful.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.請(qǐng)用黑色簽字筆在答題卡1指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答作文題，在試題冊(cè)上的作答無效！PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。1.A)Dr.Smith'swaitingroomisn'ttidy.C)Dr.Smithhasleftagoodimpressiononher.B)Dr.SmithenjoysreadingmagazinesD)Dr.Smithmaynotbeagoodchoice.2.A)Themanwillrenttheapartmentwhenitisavailable.B)Themanmadeabargainwiththelandladyovertherent.C)Themaninsistsonhavingalookattheapartmentfirst.D)Themanisnotfullysatisfiedwiththeapartment.3.A)Packinguptogoabroad.C)DrawingupaplanforherEnglishcourse.B)BrushinguponherEnglish.D)ApplyingforavisatotheUnitedStates.4.A)Heisanxioustofindacureforhishighbloodpressure.B)Hedoesn'tthinkhighbloodpressureisaproblemforhim.C)Hewasnotawareofhisillnessuntildiagnosedwithit.D)Hedidnottakethesymptomsofhisillnessseriously.5.A)ToinvestigatethecausesofAIDS.B)ToraisemoneyforAIDSpatients.C)TorallysupportforAIDSvictimsinAfrica.D)TodrawattentiontothespreadofAIDSinAsia.6.A)Ithasaverylonghistory.B)Itisaprivateinstitution.C)ItwasfoundedbyThomasJefferson.D)Itstressesthecomprehensivestudyofnature.7.A)Theycan'tfitintothemachine.C)Theyweresenttothewrongaddress.B)Theyhavenotbeendeliveredyet.D)Theywerefoundtobeofthewrongtype.8.A)Thefoodservedinthecafeteriausuallylacksvariety.B)Thecafeteriasometimesprovidesrarefoodforthestudents.C)Thestudentsfindtheserviceinthecafeteriasatisfactory.D)Thecafeteriatrieshardtocatertothestudents'needs.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Hepickedupsomeapplesinhisyard.B)Hecutsomebranchesofftheappletree.C)Hequarreledwithhisneighboroverthefence.D)Hecleanedupallthegarbageinthewoman'syard.10.A)Trimtheappletreesinheryard.C)Takethegarbagetothecurbforher.B)Pickuptheapplesthatfellinheryard.D)Removethebranchesfromheryard.11.A)Filealawsuitagainsttheman.C)Havetheman'sappletreecutdown.B)Askthemanforcompensation.D)Throwgarbageintotheman'syard.12.A)Hewasreadytomakeaconcession.C)Hewasnotintimidated.B)Hewasnotpreparedtogotocourt.D)Hewasabitconcerned.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13.A)Badweather.C)Breakdownoftheengines.B)Humanerror.D)Failureofthecommunicationssystem.14.A)Twothousandfeet.C)Twentythousandfeet.B)Twelvethousandfeet.D)Twenty-twothousandfeet.15.A)Accuratecommunicationisofutmostimportance.B)Pilotsshouldbeabletospeakseveralforeignlanguages.C)Aircontrollersshouldkeepaclosewatchontheweather.D)Cooperationbetweenpilotsandaircontrollersisessential.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to19arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Hisfathercaughtaseriousdisease.C)Hismotherlefthimtomarryarichbusinessman.B)Hismotherpassedaway.D)Hisfathertooktodrinking.17.A)Hedislikedbeingdisciplined.C)Hecouldn'tpayhisgamblingdebts.B)Hewasexpelledbytheuniversity.D)Heenjoyedworkingforamagazine.18.A)HispoemsareheavilyinfluencedbyFrenchwriters.B)HisstoriesaremainlysetintheStateofVirginia.C)Hisworkisdifficulttoread.D)Hislanguageisnotrefined.19.A)Hegrievedtodeathoverthelossofhiswife.C)Hewasshotdeadattheageof40.B)Hecommittedsuicideforunknownreasons.D)Hediedofheavydrinking.PassageTwoQuestions20to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.20.A)Women.C)Manualworkers.B)Prisoners.D)Schoolagechildren.21.A)Hetaughthisstudentshowtopronouncethelettersfirst.B)Hematchedtheletterswiththesoundsfamiliartothelearners.C)Heshowedthelearnershowtocombinethelettersintosimplewords.D)Hedividedthelettersintogroupsaccordingtothewaytheyarewritten.22.A)Itcanhelppeopletobecomeliteratewithinashorttime.B)ItwasoriginallydesignedforteachingtheEnglishlanguage.C)Itenablesthelearnerstomasteralanguagewithinthreemonths.D)ItiseffectiveinteachinganyalphabeticallanguagetoBrazilians.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A)Thecrop'sbloomingperiodisdelayed.C)Thetopsoilisseriouslydamaged.B)Therootsofcropsarecutoff.D)Thegrowthofweedsisaccelerated.24.A)It'sanewwayofapplyingchemicalfertilizer.C)It'sacreativetechniqueforsavinglabor.B)It'sanimprovedmethodofharvestingcrops.D)It'safarmingprocesslimitingtheuseofploughs.25.A)Inareaswithfewweedsandunwantedplants.B)Inareaswithasevereshortageofwater.C)Inareaslackinginchemicalfertilizer.D)Inareasdependentonimportedfood.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Adultsaregettingsmarterabouthowsmartbabiesare.Notlongago,researcherslearnedthat4-day-oldcouldunderstand(26)_____andsubtraction.Now,BritishresearchpsychologistGrahamSchaferhasdiscoveredthatinfantscanlearnwordsforuncommonthingslongbeforetheycanspeak.Hefoundthat9-month-oldinfantscouldbetaught,throughrepeatedshow-and-tell,to(27)_____thenamesofobjectsthatwereforeigntothem,aresultthat(28)_____insomewaysthereceivedwisdomthat,apartfromlearningto(29)_____thingscommontotheirdailylives,childrendon'tbegintobuildvocabularyuntilwellintotheirsecondyear."It'sno(30)_____thatchildrenlearnwords,butthewordstheytendtoknowarewordslinkedto(31)_____situationsinthehome,"explainsSchafer."Thisisthefirstdemonstrationthatwecanchoosewhatwordsthechildrenwilllearnandthattheycanrespondtothemwithanunfamiliarvoice(32)_____inanunfamiliarsetting."Figuringouthowhumansacquirelanguagemay(33)_____whysomechildrenlearntoreadandwritelaterthanothers,Schafersays,andcouldleadtobettertreatmentsfordevelopmentalproblems.What'smore,thestudyoflanguage(34)_____offersdirectinsightintohowhumanslearn."Languageisatestcaseforhumancognitivedevelopment,"saysSchafer.Butparentseagertoteachtheirinfantsshouldtakenote:evenwithoutbeingtaughtnewwords,acontrolgroup(35)_____theotherinfantswithinafewmonths."Thisisnotaboutadvancingdevelopment,"hesays."It'sjustaboutwhatchildrencandoatanearlieragethanwhateducatorshaveoftenthought."PartIIIReadingComprehension (40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Cellphonesprovideinstantaccesstopeople.Theyarecreatingamajor36inthesocialexperiencesofbothchildrenandadolescents.InonerecentU.S.survey,abouthalftheteenspolledsaidthattheircellphonehad37theircommunicationwithfriends.Almostallsaidthattheircellphonewasthewaytheystayedintouchwithpeers,one-thirdhadusedthecellphonetohelpapeerinneed,andabout80%saidthephonemadethemfeelsafer.TeenagersinAustralia,38,saidthattheirmobilephonesprovidednumerousbenefitsandwerean39partoftheirlives;somewereso40totheirphonesthattheresearchersconsidereditanaddiction.InJapan,too,researchersareconcernedaboutcellphoneaddiction.ResearchersinonestudyinTokyofoundthatmorethanhalfofjuniorhighschoolstudentsusedtheirphonestoexchangee-mailswithschoolmatesmorethan10timesaday.Cellphones41socialconnectionswithpeersacrosstimeandspace.Theyallowyoungpeopletoexchangemoment-by-momentexperiencesintheirdailyliveswithspecialpartnersandthustohaveamore42senseofconnectionwithfriends.Cellphonesalsocan43socialtolerancebecausetheyreducechildren'sinteractionswithotherswhoaredifferentfromthem.Inadditiontoconnectingpeers,cellphonesconnectchildrenandparents.ResearchersstudyingteenagersinIsraelconcludedthat,inthat44environment,mobilephoneswereregardedas"securityobjects"inparent-teenrelationships―importantbecausetheyprovidedthepossibilityof45andcommunicationatalltimes.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答A)affiliatedB)attachedC)contactD)contendE)continuousF)diminishG)enduranceH)fosterI)hazardousJ)improvedK)instantaneousL)intrinsicM)relativelyN)shiftO)similarlySectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsmarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.WasteNot,WantNotFeedingthe9Billion:TheTragedyofWaste[A]By2075,theUnitedNations'mid-rangeprojectionforglobalpopulationisabout9.5billion.Thismeansthattherecouldbeanextrathreebillionmouthstofeedbytheendofthecentury,aperiodinwhichsubstantialchangesareanticipatedinthewealth,calorieintakeanddietarypreferencesofpeopleindevelopingcountriesacrosstheworld.Suchaprojectionpresentsmankindwithwide-rangingsocial,economic,environmentalandpoliticalissuesthatneedtobeaddressedtodaytoensureasustainablefutureforall.Onekeyissueishowtoproducemorefoodinaworldoffiniteresources.[B]Today,weproduceaboutfourbillionmetrictonnesoffoodperyear.Yetduetopoorpracticesinharvesting,storageandtransportation,aswellasmarketandconsumerwastage,itisestimatedthat30-50%ofallfoodproducedneverreachesahumanstomach.Furthermore,thisfiguredoesnotreflectthefactthatlargeamountsofland,energy,fertilisersandwaterhavealsobeenlostintheproductionoffoodstuffswhichsimplyendupaswaste.Thislevelofwastageisatragedythatcannotcontinueifwearetosucceedinthechallengeofsustainablymeetingourfuturefooddemands.|WhereFoodWasteHappens[C]In2010,theInstitutionofMechanicalEngineersidentifiedthreeprincipalemergingpopulationgroupsacrosstheworld,basedoncharacteristicsassociatedwiththeircurrentandprojectedstageofeconomicdevelopment.?Fullydeveloped,mature,post-industrialsocieties,suchasthoseinEurope,characterisedbystableordecliningpopulationswhichareincreasinginage.?Late-stagedevelopingnationsthatarecurrentlyindustrialisingrapidly,forexampleChina,whichwillexperiencedecliningratesofpopulationgrowth,coupledwithincreasingaffluence(富裕）andageprofile.?Newlydevelopingcountriesthatarebeginningtoindustrialise,primarilyinAfrica,withhightoveryhighpopulationgrowthrates,andcharacterisedbyapredominantlyyoungageprofile.[D]Eachgroupoverthecomingdecadeswillneedtoaddressdifferentissuessurroundingfoodproduction,storageandtransportation,aswellasconsumerexpectations,ifwearetocontinuetofeedallourpeople.[E]Inless-developedcountries,suchasthoseofsub-SaharanAfricaandSouth-EastAsia,wastagetendstooccurprimarilyatthefarmer-producerendofthesupplychain.Inefficientharvesting,inadequatelocaltransportationandpoorinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)meanthatproduceisfrequentlyhandledinappropriatelyandstoredunderunsuitablefarmsiteconditions.[F]Inmature,fullydevelopedcountriessuchastheUK,more-efficientfarmingpracticesandbettertransport,storageandprocessingfacilitiesensurethatalargerproportionofthefoodproducedreachesmarketsandconsumers.However,characteristicsassociatedwithmodernconsumerculturemeanproduceisoftenwastedthroughretailandcustomerbehaviour.[G]Majorsupermarkets,inmeetingconsumerexpectations,willoftenrejectentirecropsofperfectlyediblefruitandvegetablesatthefarmbecausetheydonotmeetexactingmarketingstandardsfortheirphysicalcharacteristics,suchassizeandappearance.[H]Oftheproducethatdoesappearinthesupermarket,commonlyusedsalespromotionsfrequentlyencouragecustomerstopurchaseexcessivequantitieswhich,inthecaseofperishablefoodstuffs,inevitablygeneratewastageinthehome.Overallbetween30%and50%ofwhathasbeenboughtindevelopedcountriesisthrownawaybythepurchaser.BetterUseofOurFiniteResources[I]Wastingfoodmeanslosingnotonlylife-supportingnutritionbutalsopreciousresources,includingland,waterandenergy.Asaglobalsociety,therefore,tacklingfoodwastewillhelpcontributetowardsaddressinganumberofkeyresourceissues.[J]LandUsage:Overthelastfivedecades,improvedfarmingtechniquesandtechnologieshavehelpedtosignificantlyincreasecropyieldsalongwitha12%expansionoffarmedlanduse.However,afurtherincreaseinfarmingareawithoutimpactingunfavourablyonwhatremainsoftheworld'snaturalecosystemsappearsunlikely.Thechallengeisthatanincreaseinanimal-basedproductionwillrequiremorelandandresources,aslivestock(牲畜)farmingdemandsextensivelanduse.[K]WaterUsage:Overthepastcentury,humanuseoffreshwaterhasincreasedatmorethandoubletherateofpopulationgrowth.Currentlyabout3.8trillionm3ofwaterisusedbyhumansperyear.About70%ofthisisconsumedbytheglobalagriculturesector,andthelevelofusewillcontinuetoriseoverthecomingdecades.[L]Betterirrigationcandramaticallyimprovecropyieldandabout40%oftheworld'sfoodsupplyiscurrentlyderivedfromirrigatedland.However,waterusedinirrigationisoftensourcedunsustainably.Inprocessingfoodsaftertheagriculturalstage,therearelargeadditionalusesofwaterthatneedtobetackledinaworldofgrowingdemand.Thisisparticularlycrucialinthecaseofmeatproduction,wherebeefusesabout50timesmorewaterthanvegetables.Inthefuture,moreeffectivewashingtechniques,managementprocedures,andrecyclingandpurificationofwaterwillbeneededtoreducewastage.[M]EnergyUsage:Energyisanessentialresourceacrosstheentirefoodproductioncycle,withestimatesshowinganaverageof7-10caloriesofinputbeingrequiredintheproductionofonecalorieoffood.Thisvariesdramaticallydependingoncrop,fromthreecaloriesforplantcropsto35caloriesintheproductionofbeef.Sincemuchofthisenergycomesfromtheutilisationoffossilfuels,wastageoffoodpotentiallycontributestounnecessaryglobalwarmingaswellasinefficientresourceutilisation.[N]Inthemodemindustrialisedagriculturalprocess—whichdevelopingnationsaremovingtowardsinordertoincreasefutureyields—energyusageinthemakingandapplicationoffertilisersandpesticidesrepresentsthesinglebiggestcomponent.Wheatproductiontakes50%ofitsenergyinputforthesetwoitemsalone.Indeed,onaglobalscale,fertilisermanufacturingconsumesabout3-5%oftheworld'sannualnaturalgassupply.Withproductionanticipatedtoincreaseby25%betweennowand2030,sustainableenergysourcingwillbecomeanincreasinglymajorissue.Energytopowermachinery,bothonthefarmandinthestorageandprocessingfacilities,addstotheenergytotal,whichcurrentlyrepresentsabout3.1%ofannualglobalenergyconsumption.Recommendations[O]Risingpopulationcombinedwithimprovednutritionstandardsandshiftingdietarypreferenceswillexertpressureforincreasesinglobalfoodsupply.Engineers,scientistsandagriculturalistshavetheknowledge,toolsandsystemsthatwillassistinachievingproductivityincreases.However,pressurewillgrowonfiniteresourcesofland,energyandwater.Thepotentialtoprovide60-100%morefoodbysimplyeliminatinglosses,whilesimultaneouslyfreeingupland,energyandwaterresourcesforotheruses,isanopportunitythatshouldnotbeignored.Inordertobegintacklingthechallenge,theInstitutionrecommendsthat:?TheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganisationworkwiththeinternationalengineeringcommunitytoensuregovernmentsofdevelopednationsputinplaceprogrammesthattransferengineeringknowledge,designknow-how,andsuitabletechnologytonewlydevelopingcountries.Thiswillhelpimproveproducehandlingintheharvest,andimmediatepost-harveststagesoffoodproduction.?Governmentsofrapidlydevelopingcountriesincorporatewasteminimisationthinkingintothetransportinfrastructureandstoragefacilitiescurrentlybeingplanned,engineeredandbuilt.?Governmentsindevelopednationsdeviseandimplementpolicythatchangesconsumerexpectations.Theseshoulddiscourageretailersfromwastefulpracticesthatleadtotherejectionoffoodonthebasisofcosmeticcharacteristics,andlossesinthehomeduetoexcessivepurchasingbyconsumers.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。46.Eliminationofwastealonecanpotentiallyprovideoversixtypercentmorefoodforthegrowingworldpopulation.47.Theproductionandapplicationoffertilisersandpesticidesaccountforthelargestpartofenergyuseinthemodernindustrialisedagriculturalprocess.48.Consumersindevelopedcountriesthrowawaynearlyhalfoftheirfoodpurchasesbecausetheytendtobuyinexcessivequantities.49.Itisrecommendedthatengineeringknowledgeandsuitabletechnologyindevelopedcountriesbeintroducedtodevelopingcountriestoimproveproducehandlingintheharvest.50.Thepredictedglobalpopulationgrowthmeansthatwayshavetobefoundtoproducemorefoodwithfiniteresources.51.Afurtherexpansionoffarmingareawilladverselyimpactontheworld'snaturalecosystems.52.Perfectlyeatablefruitandvegetablecropsoftenfailtoreachsupermarketsduetotheirsizeorphysicalappearance.53.Poorpracticesinharvesting,storageandtransportationhaveresultedinawasteofmuchofthefoodweproduceandthusawasteoflandandresources.54.Foodwasteinless-developedcountrieshappensmainlyattheproducers'end.55.Beefconsumesfarmorewatertoproducethanvegetables.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Callitthe“l(fā)earningparadox”,themoreyoustruggleandevenfailwhileyou’retryingtolearnnewinformation,thebetteryou’relikelytorecallandapplythatinformationlater.Thelearningparadoxisattheheartof“productivefailure”.aphenomenonidentifiedbyresearcherManuKapur.Kapurpointsoutthatwhilethemodeladoptedbymanyteacherswhenintroducingstudentstonewknowledge―providinglotsofstructureandguidanceearlyon,untilthestudentsshowthattheycandoitontheirown―makesintuitivesense,itmaynotbethebestwaytopromotelearning.Rather,it’sbettertoletthelearnerswrestle(較勁）withthematerialontheirownforawhile,refrainingfromgivingthemanyassistanceatthestart.Inapaperpublishedrecently,Kapurappliedtheprincipleofproductivefailuretomathematicalproblemsolvinginthreeschools.Withonegroupofstudents,theteacherprovidedstrong“scaffolding”―instructionalsupport—andfeedback.Withtheteacher’shelp,thesepupilswereabletofindtheanswerstotheirsetofproblems.Meanwhile,asecondgroupwasdirectedtosolvethesameproblemsbycollaboratingwithoneanother,withoutanypromptsfromtheirinstructor.Thesestudentsweren’tabletocompletetheproblemscorrectly.Butinthecourseoftryingtodoso,theygeneratedalotofideasaboutthenatureoftheproblemsandaboutwhatpotentialsolutionswouldlooklike.Andwhenthetwogroupsweretestedonwhatthey’dlearned,thesecondgroup“significantlyoutperformed”thefirst.Theapparentstrugglesofthefloundering(掙扎的）grouphavewhatKapurcallsa“hiddenefficacy”:theyleadpeopletounderstandthedeepstructureofproblems,notsimplytheircorrectsolutions.Whenthesestudentsencounteranewproblemofthesametypeonatest,they’reabletotransfertheknowledgethey’vegatheredmoreeffectivelythanthosewhowerethepassiverecipientsofsomeoneelse’sexpertise.Intherealworld,problemsrarelycomeneatlypackaged,sobeingabletodiscerntheirdeepstructureiskey.But,Kapurnotes,noneofusliketofail,nomatterhowoftenSiliconValleyentrepreneurspraisethebeneficialeffectsofanideathatfailsorastart-upcompanythatcrashesandburns.Soweneedto“designforproductivefailure”bybuildingitintothelearningprocess.Kapurhasidentifiedthreeconditionsthatpromotethiskindofbeneficialstruggle.First,chooseproblemstoworkonthat“challengebutdonotfrustrate”.Second,providelearnerswithopportunitiestoexplainandelaborateonwhatthey’redoing.Third,givelearnersthechancetocompareandcontrastgoodandbadsolutionstotheproblems.Andtothosestudentswhoprotestthistough-loveteachingstyle:you'llthankmelater.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。56.Whydoestheauthorcallthelearningprocessaparadox?A)Painsdonotnecessarilyleadtogains.B)Whatislearnedisrarelyapplicableinlife.C)Failuremoreoftenthannotbreedssuccess.D)Themoreistaught,thelessislearnt.57.WhatdoesKapurdisapproveofinteaching?A)Askingstudentstofindandsolveproblemsontheirown.B)Developingstudents’abilitytoapplywhattheylearn.C)Givingstudentsdetailedguidanceandinstruction.D)Allowingstudentsafreehandinproblemsolving.58.Whatdopeopletendtothinkofprovidingstrong“scaffolding”inteaching?A)Itwillmaketeachingeasier. C)Itcanmotivateaveragestudents.B)Itisasensiblewayofteaching. D)Itwillenhancestudents’confidence.59.WhatkindofproblemshouldbegiventostudentstosolveaccordingtoKapur?A)Itshouldbeabletoencouragecollaborativelearning.B)Itshouldbeeasyenoughsoasnottofrustratestudents.C)Itshouldbesolvablebyaveragestudentswithease.D)Itshouldbedifficultenoughbutstillwithintheirreach.60.Whatcanbeexpectedof“thistough-loveteachingstyle”(Lines8-9,Para.5)?A)Studentswillbegratefulinthelongrun.B)Teacherswillmeetwithalotofresistance.C)Parentswillthinkittooharshontheirkids.D)Itmaynotbeabletoyieldthedesiredresults.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.VernonBowman,a75-year-oldfarmerfromruralIndiana,didsomethingthatgothimsued.Heplantedsoybeans(大豆）soldascattlefeed.ButMonsanto,theagriculturalgiant,insistsithasapatentonthekindofgeneticallymodifiedseedsBowmanused―andthatthepatentcontinuestoalloftheprogeny(后代)ofthoseseeds.Havewereallygottentothepointthatplantingaseedcanleadtoahigh-stakesSupremeCourtpatentlawsuit?Wehave,andthatcaseisBowmanvs.Monsanto,whichisbeingarguedonTuesday.Monsanto’scriticshaveattackedthecompanyforits“mercilesslegalbattlesagainstsmallfarmers,”andtheyarehopingthiswillbethecasethatputsitinitsplace.Theyarealsohopingthecourt’srulingwillreininpatentlaw,whichisincreasinglybeingusedtoclaimnewlifeformsasprivateproperty.Monsantoanditssupporters,notsurprisingly,seethecaseverydifferently.TheyarguethatwhenacompanylikeMonsantogoestogreatexpensetocreateavaluablenewgeneticallymodifiedseed,itmustbeabletoprotectitspropertyinterests.IffarmerslikeBowmanareabletousetheseseedswithoutpayingthedesignatedfee,itwillremovetheincentivesforcompanieslikeMonsantotoinnovate.MonsantoaccusedBowmanofpatentinfringementandwonan$84,456damageaward.Ratherthanpayuporworkoutasettlement,Bowmandecidedtoappeal—allthewaytotheSupremeCourt.Hesaid“Monsantoshouldnotbeable,justbecausethey’vegotbillionsofdollarstospendonlegalfees,totrytoterrifyfarmersintoobeyingtheiragreementsbymassiveforceandthreats.”Thecentralissueinthecaseiswhetherpatentrightstolivingthingsextendtotheprogenyofthosethings.Monsantoarguesthatitspatentsextendtolatergenerations.ButBowman'ssupportersarguethatMonsantoistryingtoexpandthescopeofpatentsinwaysthatwouldenrichbigcorporationsandhurtsmallfarmers.TheysaythatifMonsantowins,theimpactwillextendfarbeyondagriculture―lockinguppropertyrightsinanarrayofimportantareas.KnowledgeEcologyInternationalcontendsthattheSupremeCourt’sruli