北師大高中英語必修二 （Information Technology）Section Ⅳ 教學(xué)課件

Unit4

InformationTechnology

SectionⅣ

Lesson31．Discussion—DoyouthinktheInternethelpsorharmsfriendships?Why?Theanswerisopen.2．Prediction—Readthetitlesandpredictwhattheblogpostsareprobablyabout.TheblogpostsaremainlyabouttherelationshipbetweentheInternetandfriendship.1．Firstreading—Readthetwoblogpostsandfindoutthetopicsentenceofeachargument.BlogPostOne：Argument1：____________________________________________________________Argument2：____________________________________________________________Argument3：____________________________________________________________Talkingonlineisnoreplacementforface-to-facecontact.TheInternetcanmakepeopleself-centered.Onlinerelationshipsmaynotbewhattheyappeartobe.BlogPostTwo：Argument1：____________________________________________________________Argument2：____________________________________________________________Argument3：____________________________________________________________TheInternetmakescommunicationmuchmoreconvenient.TheInternethasalsomadecommunicationmorefun.Onlinecommunicationcanactuallybringpeopleclosertoeachother.2．Secondreading—Readthetwoblogpostscarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.(1)Whatenableustodeveloplifelongfriendships?A．Communicatingthroughascreen.B．Socialskillsdevelopedthroughdirectcontact.C．Talkingonline.D．Advicefromsomeparentingexperts.答案

B(2)Friendshipsarebuilton________．A．thebasisoftrustB．onlinecommunicationC．onlinepopularityD．thenumberoflikes答案

A(3)TheInternetcandevelopefriendshipthroughthefollowingExcept________．A．makingcommunicationmorefunB．bringingpeopleclosertoeachotherC．makingcommunicationmuchmoreconvenientD．spendingtoomuchtimeontheInternet答案

D(4)Whichoneisatraditionalwayofcommunicating?A．Asmartphone.

B．Acomputer.C．Aphonecall. D．Atablet.答案

C3．Thirdreading—Readthetwoblogpostscarefullyandfillintheformbelow.HarmsHelpsRelationshipBetweenInternetandFriendshipCommunicatingthroughascreenmakesit①____________forchildrentoconcentrateorshow②____________toothers.Youcanstayin⑥____________withfriends⑦____________youareorwhatyouaredoing.Insteadofhavingproperconversationswiththeirfriends，somepeopleareonlyconcernedwiththeironline③____________．

Youcansharephotos,videos,newsstoriesandwebsites⑧___________yourfriendsonline.moredifficultkindnesspopularitytouchwhereverwithdangerousface-to-faceimmediatelycloserDiscussing：1．LookatthesentencefromPara.2inthefirstblogpost，“Itistheseskillsthatenableustodeveloplifelongfriendships.”Whatdoes“these”referto?Doyouagreewiththestatement?Why?Theanswerisopen.2．Inthesecondblogpost,whatdoesEileenKennedy-Mooremeanwhenshesaysthatonlinefriends“fillholesreal-lifefriendscan’t”？Giveyourreasons.Theanswerisopen.網(wǎng)絡(luò)流行詞匯1．投票：poll2．引用：quote3．帖子置頂：sticky4．頭像：avatar5．簽名：signature6．網(wǎng)友見面：usereye-D7．即時通訊(聊天)軟件：instantmessenger(IM)8．博客圈：blogosphere9．沖浪：surf10．個人資料：personalprofile如何找主題句和支持性細節(jié)句Atopicsentencestatesthegeneralideaorthemainpointofatextorparagraph.Supportingdetailsgivemoreinformationaboutthatidea.1．Readthetexttogetageneralideaofwhatitisabout.2．Identifyonesentenceinthetextthatstatesthisgeneralidea.Thisisthetopicsentence.3．Readthetextagain.Lookforextrainformationthatsupportsthetopicsentence,e.g.,examples,reasons.Thesearethesupportingdetails.語言現(xiàn)象感知Ⅰ.單詞理解體會句中加黑單詞的詞性和含義1．Imagesreallycannotreplaceareal－lifesmileorhug.__________________2．Howmany“l(fā)ikes”didIget？____________3．Inaddition,alotofthecontentpostedonsocialmediaisshallowortrivial.________________________4．Nowadays,yourfriendsarejustaclickaway.____________adj.現(xiàn)實生活的n.點贊vt.發(fā)帖子；adj.膚淺的n.單擊Ⅱ.詞塊積累寫出下列詞塊的含義1．face-to-facecontact____________2．communicatethroughascreen____________3．showkindnesstoothers____________4．lifelongfriendships____________5．onlinepopularity____________6．maintainhealthyrelationships________________7．stayintouchwithfriends____________8．onthemove____________9．bringpeopleclosertoeachother____________10．provideusefulsuggestions_________________面對面交流通過屏幕交流與人為善終生的友誼網(wǎng)絡(luò)流行保持健康的關(guān)系和朋友保持聯(lián)系在移動中使人們更親近提供有用的建議Ⅲ.句式欣賞1．動名詞短語作主語Communicatingthroughascreenmakesitmoredifficultforchildrentoconcentrateorshowkindnesstoothers.2．強調(diào)句型Itistheseskillsthatenableustodeveloplifelongfriendships.3．現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語Usingasmartphone,atabletoracomputer,youcanbeincontactathomeandalsowhenyouareonthemove.Ⅰ.單詞語境記憶——根據(jù)英漢提示寫出單詞的適當(dāng)形式1．Heforcedhimselfto____________(關(guān)注)histhoughtsonwork.2．Thecompany’smarketshareis48____________(百分比)inthemarketplace.3．Thetrueconceptofmobilephoneshasdisappeared,andnowwehave____________(智能手機)．4．Gardeningisavery____________(有益的)pastime.5．Theyputtheirarmsaroundeachotherand____________(擁抱)．6．In____________(add)toanalbum,Igavehimapenandapencil.focuspercentsmartphonesrewardinghuggedaddition7．The____________(argue)amongthetwopartieswasblownupbythepress.8．____________(create)thinkingisthesoulandthecoreofhumanbeing’screationactivities.9．Lackofcashisa____________(limit)factor.10．Wouldyou____________(brief)introduceyourself?argumentCreativelimitingbrieflyⅡ.短語語境填空——根據(jù)漢語提示寫出適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z1．Eatingtoomuchsugarwill________________________(對……有害)kids’teeth.2．We____________all______________(擔(dān)心)hersafety.3．________________(另外),hesometimesusesmythingswithoutpermission.4．________________(在我看來),whathesaidisnottrueatall.5．Peopleshould________________(關(guān)注)collaborativelearningratherthanindividuallearning.doharmto/beharmfultoareconcernedwithInadditionInmyopinionfocusonⅢ.句式語境仿寫1．First,talkingonlineisnoreplacementforface-to-facecontact.首先，網(wǎng)上聊天不能代替面對面的接觸。[仿寫]

做早操對你的健康有好處。__________________________isgoodforyourhealth.Doingmorningexercises2．Onlinerelationshipsmaynotbewhattheyappeartobe.網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)系可能不是看上去的那樣。[仿寫]

他已經(jīng)成為了他10年前想成為的。Hehasbecome_____________________tenyearsago.3．TheInternethasalsomadecommunicationmorefun.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)也已經(jīng)使交流變得更加有趣。[仿寫]

我們將會使我們的國家越來越美麗。Wewill______________________________________.whathewantedtobemakeourcountrymoreandmorebeautifulⅠ.一言串記多義詞Thelittleboywasalwaysworkinghardtobethefocusoftheteachers’attention.Butthistimethenoisemadeithardforhimtofocusonhisstudy.這個小男孩總是努力學(xué)習(xí)想成為老師關(guān)注的焦點。但是這次噪音讓他無法集中注意力學(xué)習(xí)。記單詞Ⅱ.詞綴助記派生詞1．形容詞后綴：-ing，-ivereward(v.)→rewarding(adj.)create(v.)→creative(adj.)2．名詞后綴：-tion，-ageadd(v.)→addition(n.)percent(n.)→percentage(n.)3．副詞后綴：-lybrief(adj.)→briefly(adv.)Ⅲ.合成詞一族per＋cent→percentsmart＋phone→smartphone句型公式1．動名詞短語作主語2．what引導(dǎo)的表語從句3．“make＋賓語＋賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)1．harmvt.&n．傷害，損害

harmfuladj.有害的DoyouthinktheInternethelpsorharmsfriendships？(教材P14)你認為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有助于友誼還是有害于友誼？[合作探究]體會harm及其派生詞的用法和意義Yoursmokingcandoharmto/beharmfultothehealthofyourchildren.你吸煙會危及孩子的健康。Thereisnoharminapologisingtohimfirst.先向他道歉沒有什么壞處。Itisharmfultoyourhealthtodrinktoomuch.過量喝酒對你的身體有害。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①doharm____________...損害……②Thereisnoharmin____________sth做某事是個好主意(或沒有壞處)③beharmful____________對……有害todoingto[鞏固內(nèi)化]

完成句子①Shehasgotintothebadhabitofreadinginthebed，______________________________.她養(yǎng)成了在床上閱讀的壞習(xí)慣，這對她的眼睛有害。②Playingcomputergameswillnotonly________________yourphysicalhealth，butit________________yourmentalhealth.So________________advisingyoutogiveitup.玩電腦游戲不僅對身體健康有害，還對精神健康有害，因此建議你放棄玩電腦游戲是沒有害處的。whichisharmfulto/doesharmtohereyesdoharmtoisalsoharmfultothereisnoharmin2．replacevt.取代；接替；把……放回原處Firstly，talkingonlineisnoreplacementforface-to-facecontact—imagesreallycannotreplaceareal-lifesmileorhug.(教材P15)首先，網(wǎng)上交談不能取代面對面接觸，圖像真的無法取代現(xiàn)實生活中的微笑或擁抱。[合作探究]

體會replace的用法和意義Itisgenerallybelievedthatteacherswillneverbereplaced

by/withcomputersinclass.人們普遍認為課堂上電腦永遠不會取代老師。JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtotaketheplaceofhim/takehisplace.約翰病了，我想知道誰將代替他。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]

①replacesth____________sth

用……替換……②taketheplace____________sb＝takeone’splace代替；替代[鞏固內(nèi)化](1)單句語法填空①Theyreplacedtheirbelovedoldcar____________anexpensivenewsportscar.with/byofwith/by(2)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換②Noonecanreplaceherfatherinherheart.→Noonecan_________________________inherheart.→Noonecan_______________________inherheart.taketheplaceofherfathertakeherfather’splace3．concentratevi.專注，專心；集中注意力

concentrationn．集中；專心Accordingtoaparentingexpert,DeniseDaniels,communicatingthroughascreenmakesitmoredifficultforchildrentoconcentrateorshowkindnesstoothers.(教材P15)據(jù)育兒專家丹尼斯·丹尼爾斯說，通過屏幕交流使孩子更難集中精力或善待他人。[合作探究]

體會concentrate的用法和意義Playingcomputergamescangiveussomerelaxationafterschool,butasstudentswemustconcentrateonourstudies.放學(xué)后玩電腦游戲能使我們放松，但是作為學(xué)生，我們必須集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。HeconcentratedhismindonstudyingthehistoryofLoulan.他專注于研究樓蘭的歷史。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①concentrate____________(doing)sth專心(做)某事②concentrateone’smind/attention____________集中注意力于；致力于；專心于onon[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語法填空/完成句子①Manyfirmsareconcentrating____________increasingtheirmarketsoverseas.②Theconfusingmattersmakehimunable____________(concentrate)onhisstudy.③Itwasuptohim__________________________andmakesomethingofhimself.是否能專心學(xué)習(xí)并取得一定成就要靠他自己。④Whendriving,adrivershould_________________________________.開車時，司機應(yīng)專注于路況。ontoconcentratetoconcentrateonhisstudiesconcentratehisattentionontheroad4．contentn．內(nèi)容；目錄；容量；滿足

adj.滿足的；滿意的

vt.使?jié)M足Inaddition,alotofthecontentpostedonsocialmediaisshallowortrivial.(教材P15)另外，在社交媒體上發(fā)布的很多內(nèi)容都是膚淺的和瑣碎的。[合作探究]

體會content的用法和意義Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itisthebesthehasevergot.安迪對這個玩具很滿意，這是他得到的最好的玩具。Thatrichmanistiredofcitylife，soheiscontenttoliveinthecountry.那位富人厭倦了城市生活，所以他愿意生活在鄉(xiāng)下。Weshouldnevercontentourselveswithbookknowledgeonly.我們永遠不要僅僅滿足于書本知識。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①feel/becontent____________對……滿足/滿意②becontent____________sth滿足于做某事③contentoneself____________滿足于[鞏固內(nèi)化]

單句語法填空①TheSmithsarecontent____________(live)asimplelife.②Shecontented____________(her)withwhatshehadachieved.③Myfriendisquitecontent____________hisnewjob.④The____________(content)ofhissuitcasearedoubtful.withtodowithtoliveherselfwithcontents1．beconcernedwith關(guān)心……Forexample，insteadofhavingproperconversationswiththeirfriends，somepeopleareonlyconcernedwiththeironlinepopularity—Howmany“l(fā)ikes”didIget？(教材P15)例如，一些人不再和朋友進行有效地交談，他們只關(guān)心自己網(wǎng)上的人氣——我得了多少個“贊”？[短語記牢]

記牢下列短語as/sofarassb/sthbeconcerned在某人看來，就某人/某事而言beconcernedabout/for對……擔(dān)心/擔(dān)憂/焦慮/關(guān)心/掛念concernoneselfwith/aboutsth關(guān)心某事，擔(dān)心某事①AsfarasI’mconcerned，it’snecessarytofigureoutthecostfirst.在我看來，先計算出成本是有必要的。②Weshouldbeconcernedabouttheirhealth—bothphysicalandmentalhealth.我們應(yīng)該關(guān)心他們的健康——身體健康和心理健康。[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語法填空/完成句子①Themeetingwasconcerned____________reformsandeveryonepresentwasconcerned____________theirowninterests.②Generallyspeaking，grammaris____________(concern)withtherelationsbetweenwordsinsentences.③_________________________，it’simportantforustoprotectwildanimals.在我看來，我們保護野生動物是重要的。withabout/forconcernedAsfarasI’mconcerned2．inaddition除此之外Inaddition,alotofthecontentpostedonsocialmediaisshallowortrivial.(教材P15)另外，在社交媒體上發(fā)布的很多內(nèi)容都是膚淺的和瑣碎的。[短語記牢]

記牢下列短語inadditionto除……之外addup把……加起來addsthtosth把……加到/進……里addupto加起來共計/達(不用于被動語態(tài))addto增加；增添addthat...補充說……①Thesestovesareofhighquality.Inaddition,thepriceislow.這些爐子質(zhì)量上乘。另外，價格低廉。②Pleaseaddsomesugartothemilktomakeitmoredelicious.請在牛奶里加些糖使牛奶更美味。③Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatheraddedtothehelplessnessofthecrew.船的馬達失靈了，而且惡劣的天氣增加了全體船員的無助感。④Headdedthathefeltverysorryfornotbeingabletocome.他補充說，他為自己不能來表示歉意。[鞏固內(nèi)化]

(1)選詞填空：inaddition/inadditionto①____________theschool，thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.②It’stoolatetogotothebasketballmatchnow.____________，it’sgoingtorain.③AuntMarygaveussandwichesforourpicnicandabagofcookies____________．(2)完成句子④Hiswholeschooleducation____________nomorethanoneyear.他所受的全部學(xué)校教育加起來不過一年。⑤Theheavyrain____________thedifficultyinrescuingtheburiedpeople.大雨增加了營救被掩埋群眾的困難。InadditiontoInadditioninadditionaddeduptoaddedto3．focuson關(guān)注Inmyopinion，friendsshouldfocusmoreonface-to-facecommunication，andlessononlinecommunication.(教材P15)在我看來，朋友們應(yīng)該更多地關(guān)注面對面的交流，少關(guān)注在線交流。[短語記牢]

記牢下列短語focusone’sattention/eyes/energyon集中注意力/目光/精力于……thefocusofattention關(guān)注的焦點infocus焦點對準的；清晰的outoffocus焦點沒對準的；不清晰的①Ittookheralotoftimetofocusonpreparingherclassesandcorrectingherstudents’homework.集中精力備課和批改學(xué)生的作業(yè)花費了她很多時間。②You’dbetterfocusyourattentiononyourstudies.你最好把你的注意力放在功課上。③Shealwayswantstobethefocusofattention.她總是想成為關(guān)注的焦點。④Thechildren’sfacesarebadlyoutoffocusinthephotograph.照片上孩子們的臉模糊不清。[思考]表示“集中精力于；專心于”的常用短語還有哪些？①________________

②________________③________________ ④________________________[鞏固內(nèi)化](1)單句語法填空①Althoughthestorybookisquiteinteresting,Ihavetoputitasideandfocusmyattention____________myhomeworkthisweek.②Thescientistknowsnothingaboutthematter，becauseheisalwayslosinghimself____________scientificstudy.beabsorbedinpayattentiontodevoteoneselftobelostin/loseoneselfinonin(2)一句多譯③由于他在隔壁唱歌，我不能集中注意力看書。Ican’t____________________thebookwithhimsingingnextdoor.(focus)＝Ican’t________________thebookwithhimsingingnextdoor.(absorb)＝Ican’t____________________________thebookwithhimsingingnextdoor.(concentrate)focusmyattentiononbeabsorbedinconcentrate(myattention)on1．Accordingtoaparentingexpert,DeniseDaniels,communicatingthroughascreenmakesitmoredifficultforchildrentoconcentrateorshowkindnesstoothers.(教材P15)據(jù)育兒專家丹尼斯·丹尼爾斯說，通過屏幕交流讓孩子更難集中精力或善待他人。[句式解讀]

句中makesitmoredifficultforchildrentoconcentrateorshow為make復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其中it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的動詞不定式。[用法總結(jié)](1)make＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋that從句①Susanmadeitcleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.蘇珊清楚地跟我表明她希望為自己創(chuàng)造新的生活。(2)make＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋todo不定式②Theheavyrainmadeitimpossibleforustogoout.大雨使得我們無法出去。(3)常用于這種句型的動詞還有：think，consider，find，feel等。③HeconsidereditimportantforhimtolearnspokenEnglishwell.他認為學(xué)好英語口語對他來說是重要的。④IfinditnousearguingwithBillbecauseheneverchangeshismind.我發(fā)現(xiàn)與比爾爭辯沒有用，因為他不會改變主意。[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語法填空/同義句轉(zhuǎn)換①Hedidn’tmake____________clearwhenandwherethesportsmeetingwouldbeheld.②Peopleinthewestmakeitarule____________(buy)Christmaspresentsfortheirrelativesandfriends.③Ithinkitisagoodhabittogetupearlyinthemorning.→Ithink________________togetupearlyinthemorning.④Wefindthatitiseasytogetalongwithhim.→Wefind____________________________．ittobuyitagoodhabititeasytogetalongwithhim2．Itistheseskillsthatenableustodeveloplifelongfriendships.(教材P15)正是這些技能才使我們能保持終生的友誼。[句式解讀]

句中“Itis...that”為強調(diào)句型。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分”，本句中被強調(diào)部分為theseskills。[用法總結(jié)]

(1)強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。①Butrulesalonedon’tsecureanorderlysociety.Itisthepeoplewhoobeytherulesthat(who)matter.但是制度本身不能保證一個有序的社會，遵守規(guī)則的人才是重要的。(2)一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型：Is/Wasit＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？②WasitthreeyearsagothathewenttoAmericaforfurtherstudy?他是三年前去美國深造的嗎？(3)特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型：疑問詞(被強調(diào)部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？③Whenwasitthatyougotpromoted？你是什么時候升職的？(4)not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)的強調(diào)句型：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...④Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletterthatshementionedherownplan.直到將近信的結(jié)尾她才提及了自己的計劃。[名師提醒](1)在強調(diào)句型中It本身沒有實際意義，但不能被其他詞代替；被強調(diào)部分可以是主語、賓語和狀語等；被強調(diào)部分指人時，可用that/who，其他情況一律用that。(2)判斷是否是強調(diào)句型的方法：把Itis/was和that去掉，看句子的結(jié)構(gòu)及語意是否完整，若完整，則為強調(diào)句型；若不完整，則不是。[鞏固內(nèi)化]

(1)單句語法填空①Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse____________wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.②____________wasat5o’clockthatthevisitorsfinallyarrivedatPudongInternationalAirport.③—Wereallthethreepeopleinthecarinjuredintheaccident?—No，itwasonlytwopassengers____________gothurt.thatItthat/who(2)一句多譯④直到作為交流生去了美國他才意識到學(xué)好英語的重要性。He______________________________________________________hewenttoAmericaasanexchangestudent.＝___________________________________________________________herealizedtheimportanceoflearningEnglishwell.(強調(diào)句型)＝_______________________________________________________theimportanceoflearningEnglishwell.(倒裝句)didn’trealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglishwelluntilItwasnotuntilhewenttoAmricaasanexchangestudentthatNotuntilhewenttoAmericaasanexchangestudentdidherealize復(fù)合詞一、復(fù)合詞的書寫形式1．一般情況下在詞與詞之間要加連字符號，如：good-looking好看的，sea-sick暈船的，world-famous聞名世界的，seven-year-old七歲的，three-hour三小時的，等等。

2．有些復(fù)合詞已經(jīng)完全融為一體，不用加連字符號，如：textbook教科書，schoolmate校友，spokesman發(fā)言人，salesgirl女售貨員，notebook筆記本，greenhouse溫室，breakthrough突破，download下載，policewoman女警察，等等。

3．還有一些情況直接用詞組的形式，如：airconditioner空調(diào)機，clothesshop服裝店，alarmclock鬧鐘，girlstudent女學(xué)生，等等。二、復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成方法1．名詞＋形容詞，如：oil-rich含油量多的，duty-free免稅的，care-free無憂無慮的，homesick想家的，等等。2．形容詞＋形容詞，如：bitter-sweet又苦又甜的，light-green淺綠色的，dark-brown深棕色的，freezing-cold寒冷的，burning-hot炎熱的，等等。

3．名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞，如：trouble-making制造麻煩的，law-breaking犯法的，painstaking費力的，time-consuming耗時的，peace-loving熱愛和平的，labor-saving省力的，record-breaking破紀錄的，等等。4．名詞＋過去分詞，如：man-made人造的，poverty-stricken貧困的，heart－broken傷心的，snow-covered被雪覆蓋的，task-based任務(wù)型的，

等等。

5．形容詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞，如：good-looking好看的，easy-going隨和的，nice-sounding好聽的，等等。

6．形容詞＋過去分詞，這里的過去分詞大多是名詞加-ed構(gòu)成的假分詞，如：new-born剛出生的，simple-minded頭腦簡單的，kind-hearted心地善良的，black-eyed黑眼睛的，warm-hearted熱心腸的，等等。

7．?dāng)?shù)詞＋名詞(＋形容詞)，如：four-hour四小時的，100-metre一百米的，four-day為期四天的，five-year-old五歲的，等等。

8．副詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞，如：ever-lasting持續(xù)的，far-reaching深遠的，oncoming迎面而來的，outgoing外向的，等等。

9．副詞＋過去分詞，如：well-known著名的，newly-built新建的，over-loaded超載的，outspoken直言不諱的，等等。10．由其他詞類或結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化而來，

如：once-a-week每周一次的，all-round全方位的，

round-the-clock二十四小時的，full-time全職的，second-hand二手的，follow-up后繼的，underpaid報酬過低的，underweight重量過輕的，heart-to-heart交心的，out-of-work失業(yè)的，等等。

三、復(fù)合名詞的構(gòu)成方法1．加連字符，如：baby-sitter看孩子的人，letter-box信箱，first-aid急救，X-rayX射線，father-in-law岳父，cross-talk相聲，等等。2．不加連字符，如：haircut理發(fā)，repairman修理工，outbreak爆發(fā)，outcome結(jié)果，outlook前景，rainbow彩虹，等等。3．以詞組形式出現(xiàn)，如：bankaccount銀行賬戶，birthcontrol節(jié)制生育，bloodpressure血壓，bookcase書柜，busstop公共汽車站，creditcard信用卡，generationgap代溝，greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)，heartattack心臟病發(fā)作，penfriend筆友，pocketmoney零用錢，postoffice郵局，signlanguage手語，naturalresources自然資源，mothertongue母語，

等等。

四、復(fù)合動詞

1．副詞＋動詞，如：off-load卸車，outgrow長得太大不適宜，overhear無意中聽到，oversleep睡過頭，overlook忽略，update更新，download下載，等等。

2．其他形式：broadcast廣播，withdraw撤退，skateboard用滑板滑行，等等。五、復(fù)合副詞和介詞

1．復(fù)合副詞：afterwards后來，alongside與……并肩，outside外面，indoors室內(nèi)，nowadays如今，meanwhile同時，maybe可能，nevertheless仍然(還)，sideways向一側(cè)地，等等。

2．復(fù)合介詞：within在……之內(nèi)，without沒有，onto到……上，into進入，upon在……之上，behind在……之后，等等。

六、構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞時要注意以下幾點1．由數(shù)詞＋名詞(＋形容詞)構(gòu)成形容詞時，名詞不用復(fù)數(shù)，如：anine-year-oldboy一個九歲的男孩，afour-daytrip一次四天的旅行，the100-metredash百米賽跑，an800-metre-longbridge一座八百米長的橋，

等等。

2．由形容詞＋名詞－ed構(gòu)成的形容詞，該名詞必須是中心詞的一部分，否則不加－ed,如：awhite-hairedwoman一個白頭發(fā)的婦女，awarm-heartedgirl一個熱心腸的女孩，anear-sightedboy一個眼睛近視的男孩，twomiddle-agedmen兩個中年男人，等等。

3．由形容詞＋分詞構(gòu)成的合成形容詞，要注意中心詞與分詞的主動或被動關(guān)系，例如：anordinary-lookingman一個相貌平常的男人，aneasy-goingman一個隨和的人，fresh-bakedbread剛烤的面包，ready-madegoods現(xiàn)成的貨物，等等。

4．由副詞＋分詞構(gòu)成的合成形容詞，副詞是修飾分詞的狀語，用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞是由它與中心詞的主動或被動關(guān)系而定，如：hard-workingpeople勤勞的人們，bravely-fightingsoldiers勇敢戰(zhàn)斗的戰(zhàn)士，awell-knownsinger一個有名的歌唱家，thenewly-marriedcouple那對新婚夫婦，等等。

在英語中把兩個(或更多)獨立的單詞合在一起構(gòu)成一個新詞，其意義為原來單詞意義的疊加，如blackboard“黑板”

就是由black“黑色的”和board“板子”合在一起構(gòu)成的新詞。用這種方式構(gòu)成的單詞叫復(fù)合詞(compoundwords)。

[名師提醒]現(xiàn)在分詞與所修飾的名詞是邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，例如：anordinary－lookingman＝amanwholooksordinary。而過去分詞和所修飾的名詞是被動關(guān)系，形容詞相當(dāng)于補語，例如：clean－washedclothes＝clotheswhicharewashedclean。請比較：thesehard－workingpeople＝thesepeoplewhoareworkinghardthejust－washed－downhouse＝thehousewhichhasjustbeenwasheddown請比較：

peace－lovingpeople＝peoplewholovepeaceaman－madesatellite＝asatellitewhichismadebyman[鞏固內(nèi)化1]用復(fù)合詞完成句子①_________________________madeherpopular.她個性隨和，大家都很喜歡她。②Sheburstintotearsat____________________________．聽到這令人心碎的消息，她嚎啕大哭起來。③Hereturnedhome__________________.他兩手空空回了家。Hereasy-goingnaturetheheartbreakingnewsempty-handed④Shewasnotgoingtogiveupher___________________soeasily.她不會這么輕易地放棄來之不易的自由。⑤I’monly____________________________．現(xiàn)在我只是兼職。⑥Thismatterhasattracted_______________________．這件事已經(jīng)引起了全世界的關(guān)注。⑦Wemanagedto___________________________.我們設(shè)法克服了所有的困難。hard-wonfreedompart-timeatthemomentworldwideattentionovercomeallthedifficulties[鞏固內(nèi)化2]翻譯下列短語1．a(chǎn)nEnglish－speakingcountry____________________2．a(chǎn)familyget－together____________3．hard－workingstudents____________4．hand－madegoods____________5．a(chǎn)well－knownuniversity__________________6．a(chǎn)second－h(huán)andcamera____________7．out－of－townstores____________8．a(chǎn)fter－classactivities____________一個講英語的國家家庭聚會刻苦讀書的學(xué)生手工制品一所著名的大學(xué)二手相機郊區(qū)商店課外活動Unit4

InformationTechnologySectionⅠTopictalk

主題語境——人與社會之科學(xué)與技術(shù)【語境概說】

本單元的主題語境為人與社會中的科學(xué)與技術(shù)，該主題語境主要包括科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、科學(xué)精神、信息安全等。本單元主要涉及科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、信息安全。通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生將對科技發(fā)展和信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新有新的認知；同時在語言能力、文化意識、思維品質(zhì)和學(xué)習(xí)能力等方面得到融合發(fā)展。Informationtechnologyisthefirstproductiveforceinthe21stcentury.信息技術(shù)是21世紀的第一生產(chǎn)力。Informationisthecarrierformankindtoinheritcivilizationandgraspthefuture.信息是人類傳承文明，把握未來的載體。Thedevelopmentofhigh-techisbothablessingandacurse.高科技的發(fā)展確實是一柄雙刃劍。Scienceisendless；itisaneternalmystery.

科學(xué)是永無止境的，它是一個永恒之謎。Ⅰ.Pre-listening—Translatethefollowingwordsandphrases.1．explorevt.

________________2．conveniencen.________________3．ordervt.________________4．downloadvt.________________5．recommendationn.________________探究；探討方便，便利訂購下載建議；推薦6．updatevt.________________7．personalityn.________________8．videochatwithsb________________9．enablesbtodosth________________10．communicatewithsb________________更新個性，性格和某人視頻聊天使某人能做某事和某人交流Ⅱ.While-listening1．FinishEx.2onPage6.2．FinishEx.4onPage7.Ⅲ.Post-listening—ListentoActivity2againandfillintheblanks.W：Ilove①____________newtechnologies,becausetheyaresoconvenient.Youknow,IuseappstobuythingsonlineandIusuallyreceivethemthesameday!M：Wow，that’sreally②____________．W：Indeed！Iknowonethatcanevenhelpyougetwhatyouorderwithintwohours!M：Whatisit？I’dliketotrythat,too.W：Sure，③____________．Besidesshoppingonline,Ialsolike④____________online.Itmakesmefeellesslonely.Technologyreallyenablespeopletocommunicatebetterwitheachother.exploringconvenienthereitischattingM：That’strue！Butarethereanydisadvantagesaboutthesenewtechnologies?W：Well，toomuchchattingonlinetakesalotoftime.Wereallyneedtimeto⑤____________whatwearedoing.focusonⅠ.語言知識積累關(guān)于網(wǎng)上購物的常用口語1．Doyouoftenshoponline?你經(jīng)常網(wǎng)上購物嗎？2．SometimesIsurfonlineshopstocheckoutwhattheyhaveandthengotoaphysicalstoretodotheactualshopping.有時候，我會逛逛網(wǎng)店，看看店里有什么，然后到實體店去買。3．Canthequalityofgoodsonlinebeguaranteed?網(wǎng)上商品的質(zhì)量能有保證嗎？4．Pricesareoftenrelativelyloweronline.通常，網(wǎng)上的價格相對比較低。5．EventhoughIshoponline,Idon’tthinkit’sthebestwaytoshop.雖然我在網(wǎng)上購物，但我認為這并不是最好的購物途徑。6．Youcanapplyforarefundifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththegoodsboughtonline.如果你對網(wǎng)上買的東西不滿意，可以申請退款。7．There’sstillalongwaytogobeforeonlineshoppingtobewellrecognizedbythegeneralpublic.網(wǎng)上購物要得到人們的認可，還有很長的路要走。Ⅰ.Brainstorming—Howisinformationtechnologyappliedinourdailylife?Informationtechnologyisappliedinmanyaspectsofourdailylife，includingheathcare，transport，education，communicationandsoon.Ⅱ.Makesentencesafterthemodel.1．Iloveexploringnewtechnologies，becausethey...我喜歡探索新技術(shù)，因為它們……[仿寫]我喜歡探索新技術(shù)，因為它們非常方便/使生活更輕松/能促進更好的交流。Iloveexploringnewtechnologies,becausethey______________________________________________________________.2．Iuseappsto...online我使用應(yīng)用程序在網(wǎng)上……[仿寫]我使用應(yīng)用程序在網(wǎng)上聊天/交流/放松/購物。Iuseappsto_________________________________online.aresoconvenient/makelifeeasier/enablebettercommunicationchat/communicate/relax/buythings3．Ialsolikechattingonline.It...Well,toomuchchattingonline...我也喜歡網(wǎng)上聊天，它……當(dāng)然，網(wǎng)上聊天太多……[仿寫]我也喜歡網(wǎng)上聊天，它使交流變得方便/我感覺不那么孤獨/信息更容易找到。當(dāng)然，網(wǎng)上聊天太多使我們變得自我關(guān)注/生活在一個虛幻的世界/上癮/花費很多時間。Ialsolikechattingonline.It____________________________________________________________________．Well,toomuchchattingonline_____