新人教版選擇性必修二詞匯課件Unit 1 Science And Scientist-核心詞

詞匯課堂版本：新人教單元：選擇性必修Book2Unit1重難點(diǎn)詞handle句子副詞英語釋義辨析義blamecast搭配義一詞多義一詞多義defend辨析義搭配義

fault

前綴

multi-&

否定前綴suspect一詞多義link一詞多義pour一詞多義suspectThelawsIlove,thelawyersIsuspect.——CharlesChurchill西方人向來不乏對律師的揶揄之詞。這句話譯作“我熱愛法律，但我懷疑律師?！闭f到懷疑，我們很容易想到doubt，這里為什么用suspect呢？doubt和suspect有什么區(qū)別呢?suspect

v[不用于進(jìn)行時]

vt&vi猜想；懷疑

tobelievethatsthmayhappenorbetrue：Thedoctorssuspectedcancer.Shestronglysuspectedhe

waslyingtoher.She’snotgoingtobeveryhappyaboutthis,Isuspect.

vt懷疑（某人有罪）tothinkthatsbisprobablyguiltyofacrime：suspect

sbof(doing)sth:Theysuspecthimofatheft.Thepolicemansuspectedhimofkillingthegirl.認(rèn)為某事（尤為壞事）可能真實(shí)或可能發(fā)生，但尚無確切依據(jù)。n[C]嫌疑犯；可疑分子：questionasuspectadj

不可信的；可疑的：asuspectpackagesuspect：tobelievethatsthbadmayhappenormay

betrue認(rèn)為某事會發(fā)生，尚缺少依據(jù)

Thepolicemansuspectedherofstealingthewallet.辨析suspect，doubtdoubt：tothink

thatsthmaynotbetrueorthatitisunlikely不確定某事或者認(rèn)為某事不可能

Idoubt

if

itwillraintomorrow.AJokeTeacher:Betty,youmadesomanymistakesinyourexercises,surelyyourmotherwillblame

you!Betty:

Blamemeforthem?Oh,no.Onthecontrary,sheistoblame,becauseitwasshethatdidmyhomeworkinstead.vt

責(zé)備；把……歸咎于

tosayorthinkthatsb/sthisresponsibleforsthbad:You’vefailedtodowhatyouwereexpectedtoandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.2010四川①blamesb/sthfor(doing)sth:Whilewecan’tchangethebodytypewearebornwith,wecan’tblameourgenesformakingusfat.2014重慶Onceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.2010廣東blame

②blamesthonsb/sth:Policeareblamingtheaccidentondangerousdriving.【常見搭配】betoblame(forsth)（對某事）負(fù)有責(zé)任：It’sallmyfault.I’mtoblame.Whoistoblameforthefire?n

[U]（對錯誤/壞事應(yīng)負(fù)的）責(zé)任；責(zé)備responsibilityforamistakeorsthbad：take/beartheblameWheredoestheblame

for

ourfailurelie?Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andput

the

blame

on

thealarmclock.2017全國同義異構(gòu)：beresponsibleforhandle由“hand+le”構(gòu)成，詞源義與hand息息相關(guān)，其衍生義也與hand有關(guān)聯(lián)。動詞handle的詞源義是“(用手)觸；碰；拿”，可根據(jù)英語釋義中的withhands來理解該釋義。如何理解handle的基本義handle

n[C]柄；把手：TeainChinawastraditionallydrunkfromcupswithouthandles.2013

全國turnadoorhandlehandle

v

vt

(用手)觸；碰；拿

totouchorholdsthwithyourhand(s)：Washyourhandsbeforeyouhandlefood.Fragile.Handlewithcare!handle的詞源義，根據(jù)withyourhand(s)來理解

vt&vi操縱；駕馭

tocontrolavehicle,ananimal,etc.：Drivingacarisnotjusthandlingcontrolsandjudgingspeedanddistance.2011福建Pricedatover$120,000,thecarhandles

perfectly

wellandhasgreatspeedacceleration.2012重慶改

vt

處理；應(yīng)付

todealwithasituation,aperson,etc.：Wemustlearntohandleconflictscalmlyandwisely.

2012

江蘇書面表達(dá)表示“處理；解決”的表達(dá)有哪些？1.說實(shí)話，我有信心能處理這個問題。高考鏈接：一句多譯Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanhandle

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcandealwith

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanapproach

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanaddress

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanmanage

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcancopewith

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcan

tackle

theproblem.2.說實(shí)話，我有信心能解決這一難題。高考鏈接：一句多譯Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcansolve

thedifficulty.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcansettle

thedifficulty.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanresolve

thedifficulty.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanworkout

thedifficulty.handle語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖handlenv與hand息息相關(guān)把手；柄處理；應(yīng)付（“掌”握局勢、人、工作或情感）（用手）觸；碰；拿

（詞源義）操縱；駕馭（用“手”接觸車輛、動物、工具等以控制）根據(jù)所給漢語，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z。1.Scientistshaveestablishedapossible________________________________________________（癌癥和日常飲食之間的聯(lián)系）.2.Theproblemsoftheeconomy___________________________________________________（與一些社會問題密切相關(guān)）.connection/linklinkbetweencanceranddietarecloselyrelatedto/connectedwith/linkedto/with/relationship

環(huán)節(jié)

聯(lián)系；關(guān)聯(lián)(connection)

：Istherealinkbetweensmokingandlungdisease?

（交通、溝通的）連接線；（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的）鏈接：arail/road/telephonelinklink

vt連接；聯(lián)系

(connect)

：Hewalkedwithher,linkingarms.

link...to/with把……連接/聯(lián)系起來:Asubwaylinewilllinktheairporttothecitycentre.Yellowislinkedwithconfidence,self-respectandfriendliness.link

n[C]

談?wù)撚捌臅r候我們經(jīng)常會說某部影片“卡司強(qiáng)大”，這里的“卡司”是英語cast的中文音譯，意思是演員陣容。castcast的名詞釋義由動詞而來，cast動詞的詞源義為“扔(throw)”。castvt

投；扔；拋；撒；擲：Thefishermancasthisnetintothewater.

投射（光、影、視線等）：castashadowonthewallHecastalookatthewoman.cast詞源解讀“扔”具體的某物到某處“扔”光線、視線等于某物

為（戲劇、角色）選派演員；投票：Musictalentsfrommanydifferentcountrieswerecast.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitions.2016江蘇常用搭配(be)castdown［不用于名詞前］沮喪的n[C]

投；拋：Hecaughtafishathissecondcast.

全體演員：anall-starcast把演員“扔”到舞臺上把選票“扔”給某人cast語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖“扔”具體的某物到某處“扔”光線、視線于某物把演員“扔”到舞臺上把選票“扔”給某人vn扔（基本義）cast投；拋全體演員投；扔；拋；撒；擲投射(光、影、視線等)為(戲劇、角色)選派演員投票pour多義詞pour都有哪些釋義呢？pour

v

vt倒；注；灌：Pleasepourmeanothercupoftea.

vi（水等）不斷流出；（煙等）被吐出：TearsofhappinesspoureddownSusan’scheeks.Blacksmokepouredfromthebackofmycar.

vi不斷涌向/涌現(xiàn)(flood)：Peoplepouredintothesquarefromallpartsofthecity.Lettersandpostcardspouredineveryday.

vi（雨）傾盆而下：Itneverrainsbutitpours.pour語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖“倒”液體持續(xù)“倒”出（液體、煙、光等）倒；注；灌（水等）不斷流出；（煙等）被吐出“倒”出大量的人或物不斷涌向/涌現(xiàn)雨水被“倒”出來

（雨）傾盆而下倒pour基本義defend“我不同意你說的每一句話，但我誓死捍衛(wèi)你說話的權(quán)利。”這句話來自英國女作家伊夫林·比阿特麗斯·霍爾所作的《伏爾泰的朋友們》(TheFriendsofVoltaire)。伏爾泰（Voltaire，1694—1778），18世紀(jì)法國啟蒙思想家、文學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家

，是十八世紀(jì)法國資產(chǎn)階級啟蒙運(yùn)動的泰斗，被譽(yù)為“法蘭西思想之王”“法蘭西最優(yōu)秀的詩人”“歐洲的良心”，主張開明的君主政治，強(qiáng)調(diào)自由和平等。

vt&vi防護(hù)；防御；保衛(wèi)：Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesfrom/againstknifeattacks.

vt為……辯護(hù)；為……辯解：Studentsshouldbereadytoexplainanddefendtheirviews.Thelawallowspeopletodefendthemselvesagainstacharge.

vt&vi（比賽中）防守；防衛(wèi)：Whataretheforwardsdoing—attackingordefending?defendv防護(hù)；防御；保衛(wèi)defend防護(hù)（基本義）武力“防護(hù)”為……辯護(hù)；為……辯解(比賽中)防守；防衛(wèi)比賽中“防護(hù)”言語“防護(hù)”defend語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖defend,guard,protect辨析三者都含有“保護(hù)”之意。defend

指“保衛(wèi)”“防御”，指抵御或擊退外來的攻擊。Whenthedogattackedme,Idefendedmyselfwithastick.guard

指“守護(hù)”“看守”，指保持警惕或注意來防止危險發(fā)生。Thedogwasguardingitsowner’sluggage.protect語義范圍廣，指“保護(hù)”，以免遭受危險、傷害等。We’redoingwhateverwecantoprotectourenvironmentfrompollution.在體育運(yùn)動中，defend

和

guard

均指“防守”。不要糾纏于誰對誰錯，重要的是要找到解決的辦法?！嗬?福特亨利?福特

(HenryFord，1863—1947)，美國汽車工程師與企業(yè)家，福特汽車公司的建立者。他也是世界上第一位使用流水線大批量生產(chǎn)(massproduce)汽車的人。他的生產(chǎn)方式使汽車成為一種大眾產(chǎn)品，它不但革命了工業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式，而且對現(xiàn)代社會和文化起了巨大的影響。faultfaultn

[U]（對錯誤所負(fù)的）責(zé)任；過失；過錯theresponsibilityforsthwrongthathashappenedorbeendone：I’mreallysorry—it’sallmyownfault.It’shisfaultthatwewerelate.

[C]缺點(diǎn)；缺陷；故障aweakaspectofsb’scharacterorsththatiswrongornotperfect：Everybodyhashisfaults.ThesweaterhadafaultinitandIhadtotakeitback.指人時，意為“缺點(diǎn)”“弱點(diǎn)”，和shortcoming同義；指事物時，意為“缺陷“毛病”“瑕疵”。atfault有責(zé)任；有錯：Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsignallingsystem.2011浙江findfault(with)找茬兒；抱怨；挑剔：Thefault-finderwillfindfaultineverywhereandanytime,eveninparadise!Lifecanbegreatwhenyouarenotbusyfindingfaultwithit.

2015福建常用搭配你知道網(wǎng)球比賽中，專業(yè)術(shù)語“發(fā)球失誤”如何表達(dá)嗎？其實(shí)fault還有個意思就是“（網(wǎng)球比賽中）發(fā)球失誤”，而doublefault就是“雙誤”，即網(wǎng)球連續(xù)兩次發(fā)球失誤，失一分。vt

找……的缺點(diǎn)；指責(zé)；挑剔：Nobodywillfaultyouforit.2014遼寧?faultless

adj無錯誤的；完美無缺的(perfect)?faulty

adj有錯誤的；有缺陷的【詞匯拓展】fault,error,mistake辨析fault指對“過失”“過錯”應(yīng)負(fù)的責(zé)任，強(qiáng)調(diào)“過”。?It’smyfaultthatwemissedthebus.error與mistake意義相近，但較為正式。?Theremustbeanerrorinourcalculations.?Theletterwassenttoyouinerror.mistake在日常英語中用得最為廣泛，指用詞或數(shù)字上的錯誤、口誤、筆誤，也可指決定錯誤，強(qiáng)調(diào)“誤”。?I’mnotblamingyou—weallmakemistakes.?Ipickedupyourbagbymistake.前綴multi-&否定前綴構(gòu)成單詞三元素：詞根、前綴、后綴中心意義詞根方向前綴詞性后綴前綴multi-前綴multi-可加在單詞前構(gòu)成新詞，其含義是“多的”“多倍的”。例如：multiple多個的multi-cultural多元文化的multimedia多媒體寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1.Multifunctionalfurniturecanbeusedforgueststosleep.________2.Theone-timefarmerisnowtheservantofsomemulti-nationalorganisation.________3.Thebottomoftheoceanisfullofvariousandmulticolouredcoral（珊瑚）.________4.Theresearchindicatesthatpeoplewhomultitaskhavethepoorestresultsindoingvariousthingsatthesametime.________多功能的多國的同時處理多項(xiàng)任務(wù)多彩的/五彩斑斕的multipleadj

多個（人/事件/物組成）的；數(shù)量多的n[C]倍數(shù)否定前綴學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時，除了借助近義詞來學(xué)習(xí)詞匯，也可以通過反義詞來幫助學(xué)習(xí)和理解詞匯。反義詞產(chǎn)生的一個主要途徑就是加否定前綴。英語中有很多否定前綴，如un-、in-、dis-、mis-、non-等等。usual（平常的）→unusual（不尋常的）

correct（正確的）→incorrect（不正確的）

appear（出現(xiàn)）

→disappear（消失）

understand（理解）→misunderstand（誤解）

smoker（吸煙者）→nonsmoker（不抽煙的人）請給下列單詞加上表示否定意義的前綴，并寫出其漢語釋義。aware→___________

________________________

legal→___________

________________________

moral→___________

________________________

sense→___________

________________________agree→___________

________________________

stop→___________

________________________relevant→___________

________________________

advantage→___________

________________________like→___________

________________________

appropriate→___________

________________________social→___________

________________________unawareillegalimmoralnonsensedisagreeinappropriatenon-stopdisadvantageirrelevantdislikeantisocial未察覺到的/未意識到的不合法的；違法的不道德的；道德敗壞的胡說；廢話不同意；持不同意見不停的；連續(xù)不斷的不相關(guān)的；無關(guān)緊要的不利（條件）；劣勢不喜歡；厭惡不適當(dāng)?shù)?；不合適的反社會的；危害社會的1.Jennywaslookingforaseatwhen,___________,amangotupandleft.（2010四川）2.Bicyclingisgoodexercise;_____________,itdoesnotpollutetheair.（2012湖南改）3.Heholdsanimportantpositioninthecompany;___________,Idon’tquitetrusthim.4.Therehadbeenaterribleaccidentonthehighwayand,____________,therewasalonglineoftrafficforatleastsixmiles.（2012遼寧改）5.Someofthelawswerecontradictory._____________,measuresweretakentoclarifythem.fortunatelyneverthelessconsequentlyAccordinglyfurthermore概括起來，句子副詞修飾整個句子，通常表示說話人的態(tài)度或語氣，這類副詞通常置于句首，與句子的主要部分相對來說關(guān)系不十分緊密，因此常用逗號與它分開。英語中經(jīng)常用句子副詞來連接句子，反映說話人的看法或觀點(diǎn)，使語義更豐富、順暢。寫作時可以有意識地使用句子副詞，使表達(dá)更地道、自然。句子副詞選出適當(dāng)?shù)木渥痈痹~填空。accordingly,nevertheless,fortunately,furthermore,consequently隨堂檢測一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。suspect1.Thepolicesuspecthimofcarryingouttwobombattacks.________2.Policehaveissuedaphotographofthesuspect.________3.Thestudywascarriedoutwithsuchasmallsamplethatitsresultsaresuspect.________懷疑嫌疑犯不可靠的二、用doubt或suspect的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.

Ihad__________whetherornotIshouldattendthemeet.2.

Adriver__________ofdrinkdrivingshouldprovidespecimens（樣本）fortesting.（2011福建）doubtedsuspectedblame一、在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblame___________losingthejob.（2014江西）2.Themotherdidn’tknowwho_______________(blame)forthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.3.Somepeoplelaytheblame___________theAmericans,complainingthatpoundshavepiledonthankstoeatingtoomuchAmerican-stylefastfood.（2013湖北改）4.___________(blame)forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.

5.Joeisproudandstubborn（固執(zhí)的）,neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelse___________(blame).（2014

浙江）

for(was)toblameonBlamedtoblame二、將下列句子譯成漢語。Thereportblamespoorsafetystandardsfortheaccident.________________________________________________2.Oneofthecomputersisbrokenandsheisblamingitonme.________________________________________________3.Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonmaybetoblameforthefire.________________________________________________報告把事故歸咎于安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不高。有一臺計算機(jī)壞了，她正怪罪于我。政府官員認(rèn)為，可能不止一人對火災(zāi)負(fù)有責(zé)任。一、根據(jù)句意選出handle的近義詞。__________1.Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.(2016

天津)__________2.Sheisadifficulthorsetohandle.Becareful.__________3.Weteachthechildrentohandletheanimalsgently.二、根據(jù)句意選出畫線部分的漢語釋義。__________1.Computerscanhandlehugeamountsofdata.__________2.Shewascharged（指控）withhandlingstolengoods.__________3.Ican’tgetahandleonthesesalesfigures.handlecbacbaa.touch b.control c.dealwitha.買賣 b.處理 c.弄懂cast寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Againshe

cast

alooktowardthewindow.

(2011浙江)________2.TheplayisbeingcastinboththeUSandBritain. ________3.ThesitewhereZhangXianzhong

castlumps(塊)ofpuresilverisbeingdug.________4.Toqualify,candidatesmustgetatleast10%ofthevotescast.________投射（視線）挑選演員扔投票link一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Thereareanumberoflinksbetweenthetwotheories.________2.Weclickonlinksnottothenewsofthedaybuttothefunniestvideosthewebhastooffer.（2012湖北）________3.Linkingarms

withoneoftheinstructors（教練）,Ihelpedcarrythedrowningmanoutofthewater.（2018全國改）________二、根據(jù)所給詞塊，將下列句子譯成英語。1.污染和樹木枯死之間有關(guān)系。(linkbetween)________________________________________________2.有證據(jù)表明心臟病與久坐有關(guān)。（2014上海改）(thereisproofthat,link...to/with)___________________________________________________鏈接挽臂聯(lián)系Thereisalinkbetweenpollutionandthedeathoftrees.

Thereisproofthatheartdiseaseislinkedto/withsittingforlongperiods.pour寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Pourtheoilintoafryingpan.________2.Ifeltasharppainandlookeddowntoseebloodpouringfrommyleg.________3.