江西省宜春市宜春一中萬載中學(xué)宜豐中學(xué)聯(lián)考2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題

2024屆高二(下)英語期末考試試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdidhemanprobablygethere?A.Bytaxi.B.OnfootC.Bycar.2.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotoanotherairport.B.Callataxi.C.Getherluggage.3.Howmanypeopleonthebusescapedunhurtintheaccident?A.6.B.5C.44.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheman’shouse.B.Onaboat.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.Asong.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第67題。6.Whydidthemanrefusethejob?A.Hiswifedidn’twanthimtotakeit.B.Itwasn’tspecialenough.C.Hecouldn’thandleit.7.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodoattheend?A.Askaroundforababysitter.B.Lookafterthechildren.C.Helpthemanfindanotherjob.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydidthemanstopgoingtothegym?AHewastoobusy.B.Hedislikedtheexercisemachines.C.Hefounditmoreconvenienttoexerciseathome.9.Howdoesthemanmakehimselfrunfaster?A.Byreadingmagazines.B.Bytiminghimself.C.Bywatchinggreatvideos.10.Howoftendoesthemanrun?A.DailyB.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whoknockedoverthevase?A.Thecat.B.Thewoman.C.Theman.12.Whodidthevasebelongtoatfirst?A.Thewoman’smotherB.Thewoman’sgrandma.C.Thewoman’sfriend.13.Whatdidthespeakersdecidetodo?A.Fixthevasethemselves.B.Buyanewvaseatanantiquestore.C.Havethevaserepairedsomewhere.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdoesthemanlearntodoinhissparetime?A.Writesongs.B.PlaytheguitarC.Studythreelanguages.15.Whoinspiresthewomantohaveahobby?A.Herfriend.B.Hercousin.C.Herteacher.16.Howwillthewomangetgreenpaint?A.Shewillbuyit.B.Shewillmakeit.C.Shewillborrowit.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhendidGoogleeoutwithGoogleHome?A.In2016.B.In2015.C.In2017.18.HowmanysongsdoesGoogle’sproducthave?A.35million.B.2million.C.2.5million.19.Whichproductisaimedatyoungchildren?A.AmazonEcho.B.GoogleHome.C.Mattel’sAristotle.20.WhatistypicaloftheMattel’sAristotle?AThelowestprice.B.Theearliestproduct.C.Thebestinteraction第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ARecentlyitissaidthatadoghasreceivedanawardforpickingupanumberofbeercans,coffeecups,andotherpiecesoftrash,helpingcleanupherneighborhoodintheprocess.It'sunclearifDaisyisawareofherservice,butherhelphasnotgoneunnoticed,byanymeans.Infact,itisreportedthatthisnineyearolddoghaspickedupmorethan5,000piecesofrubbish.Daisyhasbeencollectingrubbishforthelasteightyears,atleasttwotimesaday.ingfromthecityofWorcesterintheUnitedKingdom,Daisyhasbeethefirstdogtoreceiveanhonorfromthemayor(市長).Unlikeotherdogs,Daisypreferssniffingaroundforbeercans,amongotherthings.Shecarriesthembackhometoherowner,JudyOwens,whothentakesherpet'sofferingsandrecyclesthem.“IwishDaisyunderstoodhowspecialshewasandtheawardjustmarkswhataspeciallittledogsheis,”Judysaid.“ShestartedpickinguprubbishwhenshewasaroundabeercanandIthinkshediscovereditbyaccident.”“Onedayshejustsniffedoutabeercan,thenbeganpickingitup,"shecontinued.“Shegetsveryattachedtorubbish,andshemustthinkit'ssomekindoftreasure.”Daisyhasbeesomethingofacelebrityinhertown,oftenknownasthedogthathelpsgetridofalltherubbish.Then,themayorinvitedJudyandDaisytoetohisoffice.“WhenwearrivedhetoldusthatDaisywouldbereceivingtheawardbecausehewantedtomakepeoplemoreconsciousofprotectingtheenvironmentandtothankherforhercontributionsovertheyears,”Judysaid.“Itwassuchasurprise...Daisythoughtthiswasgreatandwenttositonthemayor'schairwithabeercaninhermouth.Everyonethoughtshewasfunnyandstartedlaughing.”1.Whydidthedogreceivetheaward?A.Shehadbroughtalotoftreasuretoherowner.B.Shehadkeptallthecitycleanforeightyears.C.Shehadcontributedalottogettingridofthetrash.D.Shehadmadepeopleawareofprotectingenvironment.2.Howdidthedogprobablystarttopickuprubbish?A.Byaccident. B.Byforce.C.Throughpraise. D.Throughtraining.3.HowwouldthepeopleinthecityfeelaboutwhatDaisyhasbeendoing?A.Curious. B.Excited.C.Ashamed. D.Thankful.4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Adogownertrainsherdogtopickuprubbish.B.Adogreceivesanawardforpickinguprubbish.C.Amayorgivesanawardtoadoginhisoffice.D.Amayorraisespeople'senvironmentalawareness.【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一只名叫Daisy的小狗，在八年來堅持撿垃圾受到市長嘉獎的故事。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Daisyhasbeencollectingrubbishforthelasteightyears,atleasttwotimesaday.(戴西過去八年來一直在收集垃圾，每天至少兩次)”以及文章最后一自然段“WhenwearrivedhetoldusthatDaisywouldbereceivingtheawardbecausehewantedtomakepeoplemoreconsciousofprotectingtheenvironmentandtothankherforhercontributionsovertheyears(當我們到達時，他告訴我們Daisy將獲得這個獎項，因為他想讓人們更加意識到保護環(huán)境，并感謝她多年來的貢獻)”可知，市長授予Daisy這個獎項的原因是因為它一直撿垃圾，為環(huán)保做出了貢獻。故此題選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Ithinkshediscovereditbyaccident.(我想她是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的)”可知，Daisy撿垃圾是偶然開始的。故此題選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Daisyhasbeesomethingofacelebrityinhertown,oftenknownasthedogthathelpsgetridofalltherubbish.(Daisy在她鎮(zhèn)上成了名人，常被稱為幫助清除垃圾的狗。)”以及“WhenwearrivedhetoldusthatDaisywouldbereceivingtheawardbecausehewantedtomakepeoplemoreconsciousofprotectingtheenvironmentandtothankherforhercontributionsovertheyears(當我們到達時，他告訴我們Daisy將獲得這個獎項，因為他想讓人們更加意識到保護環(huán)境，并感謝她多年來的貢獻)”可知，小鎮(zhèn)的任都知道Daisy撿垃圾，并且對于Daisy對保護環(huán)境所做的一切是感謝的。故此題選D。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“Recentlyitissaidthatadoghasreceivedanawardforpickingupanumberofbeercans,coffeecups,andotherpiecesoftrash,helpingcleanupherneighborhoodintheprocess.(最近據(jù)說，一只狗因為撿起了一些啤酒罐、咖啡杯和其他垃圾而獲得了一個獎項，在這個過程中幫助了她的鄰居清理)”可知，本文圍繞一只狗因為撿垃圾而獲獎的故事展開。故此題選B。BIt’sawarmJuneafternoon,andinagroupofbushesandtrees,abirdsings.Asmallinsectclimbsoveraleaf.TheMuziekpleinforest,nexttoan18storybuildingandarailwayline,isaboutthesizeofabasketballcourt;beforeitwasplantedin2018,theareawasaparkingplace.TheforestisoneofsevensuchextremelysmallforestsintheDutchcityofUtrecht,and144acrosstheNetherlands.Bytheendofthisyear,accordingtoIVNNatureEducation,theorganizationproposingthecountry’sinitiative,therewillbe200.SincethefirstforestwasplantedintheNetherlandsin2015,theconcepthasbeepopular.DaanBleichrodt,wholaunchedIVN’sTinyForestinitiativewiththegoalofmakingiteasierforchildrentogetintoandconnectwithnature,saidthathethinksitispopularbecausepeoplearebeingmoreawareofmajorenvironmentalchallenges.It’saverypracticalwaytodosomethingpositiveinthelightofclimatechangeandlossofbiodiversity.JeroenSchenkels,asenioradviserforthecityofUtrechtongreenplanning,saidheseestheminiforestsasnaturebasedapproachesthatareabletohelpthecityweatherheatwavesandimprovewaterretention(保持).Butoneofthebiggestinterestsissocial.“Oneofthemostimportantthingsisthattheygivepeopletheopportunitytobeinvolvedinnatureintheneighbourhood,”Schenkelssaid.Between2018and2020,40differentplantandanimalgroupsand121totalanimalspecieswerefoundintheMuziekpleinforestalone.AccordingtoWageningenUniversityresearchers,acrossthe11tinyforestsintheirstudy,volunteersobserved636animalspecies.Theyalsoidentified298plantspeciesinadditiontotheoriginalspeciesplantedintheplots.Maintenanceoftheforestsoccasionallyinvolvesremovingaggressiveweeds,butingeneralnewplantspecies,suchaswildflowersthatappear,areallowedtogrow.5.WhatisspecialabouttheMuziekpleinforest?A.Itisnewlyplanted. B.Itsitsinanurbanarea.C.Itgrowsalongarailway. D.Itisshapedlikeabasketballcourt.6.What’sthepurposeoftheTinyForestinitiative?A.Tomakepeoplerealizeenvironmentalchallenges.B.Tomakenaturemoreaccessibletochildren.C.ToincreasetheNetherlands’biodiversity.D.Tocallforactiononclimatechange.7.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Benefitsofminiforestsincities. B.Waystokeepneighborhoodsgreen.C.Inspirationforplantingforestsincities. D.Importanceofbeingexposedtonature.8.Howdoestheauthorstatetheforests’effectonbiodiversity?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bydoingexperiments. D.Bymakingparisons.【答案】5.B6.B7.A8.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。荷蘭城市里的微型森林不僅可以幫助城市抵御熱浪，提高蓄水能力，還使人們有更多機會接觸周圍的自然環(huán)境?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheMuziekpleinforest,nexttoan18storybuildingandarailwayline,isaboutthesizeofabasketballcourt;beforeitwasplantedin2018,theareawasaparkingplace.(Muziekplein森林，旁邊是一座18層的建筑和一條鐵路線，大約有一個籃球場那么大；在2018年種植之前，該地區(qū)是一個停車場)”可推知，該森林位于城鎮(zhèn)區(qū)域。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“DaanBleichrodt,wholaunchedIVN’sTinyForestinitiativewiththegoalofmakingiteasierforchildrentogetintoandconnectwithnature,saidthathethinksitispopularbecausepeoplearebeingmoreawareofmajorenvironmentalchallenges.(DaanBleichrodt發(fā)起了IVN的“小森林”計劃，目的是讓孩子們更容易進入大自然，與大自然接觸。他說，他認為這一計劃之所以受歡迎，是因為人們越來越意識到重大的環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn))”可知，DaanBleichrodt發(fā)起的微型森林計劃的目的是讓孩子們更容易接近大自然。故選B。7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“JeroenSchenkels,asenioradviserforthecityofUtrechtongreenplanning,saidheseestheminiforestsasnaturebasedapproachesthatareabletohelpthecityweatherheatwavesandimprovewaterretention(保持).Butoneofthebiggestinterestsissocial.“Oneofthemostimportantthingsisthattheygivepeopletheopportunitytobeinvolvedinnatureintheneighbourhood,”Schenkelssaid.(烏得勒支市綠色規(guī)劃高級顧問JeroenSchenkels說，他認為迷你森林是一種以自然為基礎(chǔ)的方法，能夠幫助城市抵御熱浪，提高保水能力。但最大的利益之一是社會利益。Schenkels說：“最重要的事情之一是，它們讓人們有機會參與到周圍的大自然中?！?”可知，城市里的微型森林不僅可以幫助城市抵御熱浪，提高蓄水能力，還使人們有更多機會接觸周圍的自然環(huán)境，故本段主要關(guān)注的是城市里的微型森林的益處。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Between2018and2020,40differentplantandanimalgroupsand121totalanimalspecieswerefoundintheMuziekpleinforestalone.AccordingtoWageningenUniversityresearchers,acrossthe11tinyforestsintheirstudy,volunteersobserved636animalspecies.Theyalsoidentified298plantspeciesinadditiontotheoriginalspeciesplantedintheplots.(2018年至2020年期間，僅在Muziekplein森林就發(fā)現(xiàn)了40種不同的植物和動物類群以及121種動物物種。據(jù)瓦赫寧根大學(xué)的研究人員稱，在他們的研究中，志愿者們在11片小森林中觀察了636種動物。除了原始種植的植物，他們還確定了298種植物)”可知，作者用了列數(shù)字的方法來說明城市里的微型森林對生物多樣性的影響。故選A。C“Alotofearlyarchaeology(考古學(xué))wasaboutfindingthingsthatarebeautifulandmuseumworthy,”saysarchaeologistSarahGraff.Bitsofbrokenartifactsorboringlookingitemsfromthefieldoffoodpreparationweresometimesthrownasidewiththedirtthatwasn’tbeinganalyzed,shesays,andscholarsusedtobemoreexcitedbythelivesofkings.“Theydidn’treallythinkthatthingsthathadtodowithdomesticlaborwouldhaveanythingtodowithpoliticsoreconomics.”Butresearchersarenowfindingmoreofthoseconnectionsandtryingtomineancientpotstolearnaboutthefoodsoncepreparedinthem.BiogeochemistRichardEvershedmadehisfirstidentificationoffatfromfoodsinthewallsofmedieval(中世紀的)potsdatingfrom950to1450atasiteinEngland.Withsignsoffat,probablyfrommakingcheese,thosepotsarethoughttohavebeenusedforbakingbread.Thescientistsalsodiscoveredtheleafwax(蠟)ofcabbage,whichwaslikelycookedwithmeat.Consumingmeat,cheese,butterandbread,themedievalpeasantsweren’tdoingtoobadly,saysarchaeologistJulieDunne,Evershed’steammate.Since2014,someresearchershavedivedintoexperimentalarchaeologybycookingvariousrecipesinstoreboughtpots.Theyusedthesamepottocookthesamerecipe50times,andfinallyswitchedtoanewrecipe,cookingfourmeals.Afterayear,thepots’outerlayersheldsignsofalltherecipesbutcontainedmoreremainingpartsofthelastmeals.Butthefattysubstanceswithintheinnerlayersofthepotsbuiltupovermanytimesofcooking,whichleftobviousproofoftheformerrecipes.Thelatestcookingevents,however,wasnotthecase,asarcheologistMelanieMillerandherteammatesreportedin2020inScientificReports.Millerandherteamwillcontinuecookingtheirtastelessmeals.Cookingis“oneofthemostmonthingsthathumanshaveacrosstimeandspace,”shesays.Foodandfoodpracticessignifytraditions,politics,status,identities,upbringingsandmore.Foodpreparationrevealsmuch.“It’sadailypractice…usuallyrepresentativeofallthesemuchlargerquestionsaboutourplaceintheworld.”9.WhatdoesGraffsayaboutearlyarchaeologists?A.Theyrealizedthesignificanceofdomesticlabor.B.Theyignoredcookingartifactseverynowandthen.C.Theyshowedsomeinterestinunimportantitems.D.Theystudiedpotswithwronganalyticalmethods.10.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheownersofthemedievalpots?A.Theydislikedeatingvegetables. B.Theycouldnotmakebread.C.Theyhadlittlemilktodrink. D.Theymightnotbepoor.11.WhatdidMillerfindabouttheinnerlayersofthepots?A.Notalltherecipesleftclearsignswithinthem.B.Theyhadalotofremainingpartsfromthelatestcooking.C.Morefattysubstancesfromthelastmealswerecontained.D.Theydisplayedasmuchevidenceastheouterlayersdid.12.WhichstatementmightMillermostprobablyagreewith?A.Itisdifficulttoknowhowancientpeoplecooked.B.Cookingrevealsvariousaspectsofhumanculture.C.Studyingancientpotshelpsimprovemodernpeople’scooking.D.Foodpracticeswereverysimilaramongdifferentancientgroups.【答案】9.B10.D11.A12.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了從古代的鍋中，考古學(xué)家們可以了解古時候人們生活的很多方面?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Alotofearlyarchaeology(考古學(xué))wasaboutfindingthingsthatarebeautifulandmuseumworthy,”saysarchaeologistSarahGraff.Bitsofbrokenartifactsorboringlookingitemsfromthefieldoffoodpreparationweresometimesthrownasidewiththedirtthatwasn’tbeinganalyzed,shesays,andscholarsusedtobemoreexcitedbythelivesofkings.(考古學(xué)家SarahGraff說：“很多早期考古學(xué)都是為了尋找美麗的、值得收藏的東西?！彼f，從食物準備領(lǐng)域中找到的殘破的人工制品或看起來很無聊的物品有時會被扔到一邊，根本不會被分析，學(xué)者們過去對國王的生活更感興趣。)”可知，Graff認為以前的考古學(xué)家們會忽略烹飪器物，因為他們對國王的生活更感興趣。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thescientistsalsodiscoveredtheleafwax(蠟)ofcabbage,whichwaslikelycookedwithmeat.Consumingmeat,cheese,butterandbread,themedievalpeasantsweren’tdoingtoobadly,saysarchaeologistJulieDunne,Evershed’steammate.(科學(xué)家們還發(fā)現(xiàn)了卷心菜的葉蠟，可能是和肉一起煮的。食用肉類、奶酪、黃油和面包，中世紀的農(nóng)民過得還不錯，Evershed的隊友、考古學(xué)家JulieDunne說。)”可知，中世紀鍋的主人日子不算窮。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Butthefattysubstanceswithintheinnerlayersofthepotsbuiltupovermanytimesofcooking,whichleftobviousproofoftheformerrecipes.Thelatestcookingevents,however,wasnotthecase,asarcheologistMelanieMillerandherteammatesreportedin2020inScientificReports.(但是，經(jīng)過多次烹飪，鍋內(nèi)層的脂肪物質(zhì)積累起來，這為以前的食譜留下了明顯的證據(jù)。然而，正如考古學(xué)家MelanieMiller和她的隊友在2020年的《科學(xué)報告》中所報道的那樣，最新的烹飪事件并非如此。)”可知，以前的研究認為鍋內(nèi)層的脂肪物質(zhì)積累起來，這為以前的食譜留下了明顯的證據(jù)。然而MelanieMiller的研究卻認為事實并非如此。故選A。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Millerandherteamwillcontinuecookingtheirtastelessmeals.Cookingis“oneofthemostmonthingsthathumanshaveacrosstimeandspace,”shesays.Foodandfoodpracticessignifytraditions,politics,status,identities,upbringingsandmore.Foodpreparationrevealsmuch.(Miller和她的團隊將繼續(xù)烹飪這些無味的食物。烹飪是“跨越時間和空間的人類最常見的事情之一，”她說。食物和飲食習(xí)慣象征著傳統(tǒng)、政治、地位、身份、教養(yǎng)等等。食物的準備說明了很多問題。)”可知，Miller認為烹飪揭示了人類文化的各個方面。故選B。DDreamsofworldpeaceareasoldaswars.ButasthewomenofWaleswererecoveringfromWorldWarI,theydemandedpeaceindroves.Stillsorrowingthehusbands,sons,andlovedoneswhofoughtinthewar,in1923theWelshLeagueofNationsUnited(WLNU)draftedapetition(請愿書)atAberystwythUniversitycallingforawarlessworld.ThepetitionwassignedbyroughlythreequartersofallthewomeninWalesandwassaidtobesevenmileslong.ThedocumentwasthenpackedinalargeoakchestandsentacrosstheAtlantic.ItwastheWLNU’shopethatAmericawouldjoinintheirmissionforpeace,andsotheytouredwiththepetitionacrossthecountrybeforePresidentCalvinCoolidgegaveittotheSmithsonianforpreservation.AsthecentennialanniversaryofWorldWarIapproached,aplaquewasfoundinthearchivesattheTempleofPeaceinCardiffmentioningthepetition,butnobodyknewwhatitwas,saysMereridHopwood,chairoftheWomen’sPeacePetitionPartnership.Soin2017,anemailwassenttotheSmithsonianinquiringaboutthestatusandlocationofthechestanditspetition.HavingarrivedattheNationalLibraryofWalesonMarch29thisyear,HopwoodreceiveditalongwithothermembersofthePeacePetitionPartnershipanddescribedopeningthechestandfinallygettingtoseeitscontents(內(nèi)容)asanemotionalmoment.HopwoodishopingmoreWelshcitizenswillhavesimilarexperiencesnowthatthepetitionhasreturnedtoitsoriginalhome.Thepetitionwillbedigitized,alongwithallsignaturesandaddresses,sothepubliccanviewitonlineandseeiftheirgrandmothersorprevioustenantsoftheirhomessigned100yearsago.Clearlytheworldhasnotyetachievedthepetition’sgreatgoalsbutHopwoodsaidthesignaturesgaveherhope.13.Whatwasthepetitionmeantfor?A.Athirstforpeace. B.AnendtoWWI.C.AfightforWales. D.Acallforapology.14.WhatcanweinferaboutthepetitionfromParagraph3?A.MostWelshsignedonthepetition. B.WelshaskedforAmericans’help.C.Welshwomenwishedforpeace. D.Welshwomenhonoredthewar.15.HowdidHopwoodlikethereappearanceofthepetition?A.Shecouldleadthepetition. B.Itwouldcauseabigstorm.C.Welshcouldbefreeofwars. D.Herhopeforpeaceisonfire.【答案】13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了一戰(zhàn)后出現(xiàn)的和平請愿書再次在世人面前出現(xiàn)，呼吁世界無戰(zhàn)爭。簡要介紹了和平請愿書的由來以及簽署情況?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Stillsorrowingthehusbands,sons,andlovedoneswhofoughtinthewar,in1923theWelshLeagueofNationsUnited(WLNU)draftedapetition(請愿書)atAberystwythUniversitycallingforawarlessworld.(1923年，威爾士聯(lián)合國聯(lián)盟在阿伯里斯特威斯大學(xué)起草了一份請愿書，呼吁建立一個沒有戰(zhàn)爭的世界)”可知，請愿書呼吁和平，故選A項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ThepetitionwassignedbyroughlythreequartersofallthewomeninWalesandwassaidtobesevenmileslong.ThedocumentwasthenpackedinalargeoakchestandsentacrosstheAtlantic.(這份請愿書由威爾士大約四分之三的女性簽署，據(jù)說長達七英里。然后，這份文件被裝在一個大橡木箱里，并被送往大西洋彼岸)”可推理出威爾士的婦女們渴望和平，故選C項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Clearlytheworldhasnotyetachievedthepetition’sgreatgoals,butHopwoodsaidthesignaturesgaveherhope.(顯然，世界還沒有實現(xiàn)請愿書的偉大目標，但霍普伍德表示，這些簽名給了她希望)”可推理出，請愿書上的簽字燃起了她對和平的希望，故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Althoughitisgreattohavefriendsourownage,therearealsosomeprettygoodbenefitstomakingolderfriends.___16___Havingolderfriendsprovidesinsightandwisdom.Astheoldsayinggoes,withageesmaturity.Olderpeoplehavewisdomabouthowtonavigate(應(yīng)對)lifesmoothly.Theyhavealreadypassedcrucialmilestoneslikebuildingacareer,buyingahome,gettingmarried,startingafamily,andmaybeevenretiring.___17___Plus,intergenerationalfriendshipsnotonlybenefityou,buttheycanalsobenefittheotherperson.___18___Forexample,youcanteachthemnewtechnologicaltrendsorhelpthemwithpopculturereferences.Friendshipisatwowaystreetwherebothsidesbenefitandbondsarestrengthenedovertime.___19___Allowingfriendstobemoresupportiveofoneanotherratherthanalwaysparingandpetingwithoneanotherisamustineverycircleoffriends.Friendshipsbetweengenerationsarenotpetitivebecausetheyareatvariousphasesoflife.Olderfriendstendtomunicatemorehonestly.NowIamnotsayinghavingfriendshipswithhonestywillbemorelacking,buthaveyoueverhadaconversationwithsomeoneolder?___20___Olderindividualsareatanagewheretheynolongerfeeltheneedtoimpresspeopleandtheydefinitelyarenotafraidtosharetheiropinions,forbetterorforworse!A.Youcaninspirethemindifferentways.B.Soyoucanalwaysaskthemforadviceonimportantissues.C.Olderfriendsaresupportiveandlesspetitive.D.Olderfriendsappreciateandvaluerelationships.E.Listeningtotheirstorieswillhelpthemreflectontimesgoneby.F.Hereiswhyweshouldinvestincrossgenerationalfriendships.G.Theyhavenoproblembeingstraightuphonestwhetherwewanttohearitornot.【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.C20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了與老年人交朋友的益處，倡導(dǎo)與老年人交朋友?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Althoughitisgreattohavefriendsourownage,therearealsosomeprettygoodbenefitstomakingolderfriends.(雖然有和我們同齡的朋友是件好事，但結(jié)交年長的朋友也有一些好處)”可知，此處上下文說的是跨代友誼的話題，與F項“Hereiswhyweshouldinvestincrossgenerationalfriendships.(這就是為什么我們應(yīng)該投資于跨代友誼)”表達的含義一致，故選F項。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theyhavealreadypassedcrucialmilestoneslikebuildingacareer,buyingahome,gettingmarried,startingafamily,andmaybeevenretiring.(他們已經(jīng)度過了關(guān)鍵的里程碑，比如建立事業(yè)、買房、結(jié)婚、組建家庭，甚至可能退休)”可知，此處上下文說的是老年人經(jīng)歷豐富，可以向他們請教，與B項“Soyoucanalwaysaskthemforadviceonimportantissues.(所以你可以隨時向他們咨詢重要問題)”表達的含義一致，故選B項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Forexample,youcanteachthemnewtechnologicaltrendsorhelpthemwithpopculturereferences.(例如，你可以教他們新的技術(shù)趨勢，或者幫助他們參考流行文化)”可知，此處上下文說的是要用不同的方式對他們進行激勵，與A項“Youcaninspirethemindifferentways.(你可以用不同的方式激勵他們)”表達的含義一致，故選A項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Allowingfriendstobemoresupportiveofoneanotherratherthanalwaysparingandpetingwithoneanotherisamustineverycircleoffriends.(每個朋友圈子都必須讓朋友們相互支持，而不是總是相互比較和競爭)”可知，此處上下文說的是朋友之間要多支持，少競爭，與C項“Olderfriendsaresupportiveandlesspetitive.(年長的朋友是支持的，不那么爭強好勝)”表達的含義一致，故選C項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Olderindividualsareatanagewheretheynolongerfeeltheneedtoimpresspeopleandtheydefinitelyarenotafraidtosharetheiropinions.(老年人正處于這樣一個年齡，他們不再覺得有必要給人留下深刻印象，他們絕對不怕分享自己的觀點)”可知，此處上下文說的是老年人愿意分享自己的觀點，坦誠相待，與G項“Theyhavenoproblembeingstraightuphonestwhetherwewanttohearitornot.(不管我們愿不愿意聽，他們都會坦誠相待)”表達的含義一致，故選G項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AstudentatHellesdonHighSchoolinEnglandhasbeencalled“RubbishGirl”forherenvironmentally-friendlyways.___21___,thathasnotstoppedherfromcleaninguptheenvironment.Usingthebasketonherbicycle,12-year-oldNadiahasbeen___22___rubbishalonghertwo-mileroutetoandfromschoolsinceSeptemberoflastyear.___23___hergoodintentions,someofthekidsatNadia’sschoolhavenicknamedher“RubbishGirl”andhavebulliedherforherselflesseffortstohelpthe___24___.Butinsteadoflettingthembringherdown,she’susingtheirnegativityasmotivation.“I’mnotgoingto___25___doingtherightthingbecauseofthem,”shesaid.“I’mdoingsomethingto___26___theworldwhichtheyalsolivein.It’severyone’sjob.Weareall___27___forkeepingthisworldsafe,insteadofbelievingit’salwayssomeoneelse’sjob.”Nadia’smum,Paula,saidsheis___28___proudofNadiafornotonlystandinguptoherbullies,butalsostandingupforwhatshebelievesin.“Itoldhershehadtwo___29___—shecouldeitherstopcollectingrubbish,stopattractingtheir____30____sothattheywouldleaveheralone,orshecouldfacethechallenge,bethe‘rubbishgirl’andkeepher____31____.”Asaresultofthelocalmediaattention,Nadiahascreatedagroupnamed“TeamRubbishGirl”,whereshesharesupdatesonhergreenefforts.Positive____32____havepouredin,allin____33____ofNadia,encouraginghertocarryonwiththegreenefforts.“Sweetheart,youareastarthat____34____reallybrightabovetherest.Holdyourheadhighandneverletothers____35____you.Youaredoingsomethingselflessandamazing.Shameonthebullies,”wroteoneofthelocalcitizensonherwebpage.21.A.Therefore B.However C.Besides D.Meanwhile22.A.pickingup B.takingoff C.givingaway D.leavingbehind23.A.Despite B.Without C.Dueto D.Thanksto24.A.disabled B.homeless C.planet D.business25.A.start B.enjoy C.practise D.stop26.A.discover B.protect C.repair D.understand27.A.responsible B.ready C.grateful D.available28.A.hardly B.generally C.barely D.extremely29.A.goals B.choices C.problems D.friends30.A.strength B.conclusion C.attention D.energy31.A.balance B.promise C.number D.faith32.A.effects B.results C.ments D.experiences33.A.charge B.honour C.search D.support34.A.shines B.falls C.burns D.pares35.A.praise B.discourage C.improve D.wele【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.D29.B30.C31.D32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了12歲的娜迪亞一直在上下學(xué)兩英里的路上用自行車上的籃子撿垃圾，卻被學(xué)校里的一些孩子給她起了個綽號“垃圾女孩”，網(wǎng)友們紛紛支持娜迪亞，鼓勵她繼續(xù)做正確的事情?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，這并沒有阻止她清理環(huán)境。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Besides此外；D.Meanwhile同時。根據(jù)上文“AstudentatHellesdonHighSchoolinEnglandhasbeencalled“RubbishGirl”forherenvironmentally-friendlyways(英國Hellesdon高中的一名學(xué)生因其環(huán)保方式而被稱為“垃圾女孩”)”以及下文“thathasnotstoppedherfromcleaninguptheenvironment(這并沒有阻止她清理環(huán)境)”可知，上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空白處應(yīng)使用表是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的副詞，故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：自去年9月以來，12歲的娜迪亞一直在上下學(xué)兩英里的路上用自行車上的籃子撿垃圾。A.pickingup撿拾；B.takingoff起飛；C.givingaway贈送；D.leavingbehind留在身后。根據(jù)下文“rubbishalonghertwo-mileroute(沿著兩公里的路……垃圾)”可推理出，空白處應(yīng)填表示“撿拾”含義的詞，故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管娜迪亞的初衷很好，但學(xué)校里的一些孩子給她起了個綽號“垃圾女孩”，并因為她無私地幫助地球而欺負她。A.Despite盡管；B.Without沒有；C.Dueto因為；D.Thanksto幸虧。根據(jù)下文“hergoodintentions(她的良好的初衷)”以及“someofthekidsatNadia’sschoolhavenicknamedher“RubbishGirl”(學(xué)校里的一些孩子給她起了個綽號“垃圾女孩”)”可知，前后句之間為讓步關(guān)系，故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.disabled殘疾的，與the連用表示“殘疾的人”；B.homeless無家可歸的，與the連用表示“無家可歸的人”；C.planet地球；D.business生意。根據(jù)上文“cleaninguptheenvironment(清潔環(huán)境)”可知推理出，空白處應(yīng)填表示“地球”含義的名詞，故選C項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不打算因為他們而停止做正確的事。A.start開始；B.enjoy享受；C.practise練習(xí)；D.stop停止。根據(jù)下文“I’mdoingsomethingtoprotecttheworldwhichtheyalsolivein(我正在做一些事情來保護他們也生活在其中的世界)”可推理出，娜迪亞并不打算因為被霸凌而停止做正確的事情，故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我正在做一些事情來保護他們也生活在其中的世界。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.protect保護；C.repair修理；D.understand理解。根據(jù)下文“keepingthisworldsafe(保持這個世界安全)”可知，空白處應(yīng)填表示“保護”含義的動詞，故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都有責(zé)任保護這個世界的安全，而不是相信這總是別人的工作。A.responsible有責(zé)任的；B.ready準備好的；C.grateful感恩的；D.available可得到的。根據(jù)上文“It’severyone’sjob(這是每個人的工作)”以及下文“keepingthisworldsafe(保持這個世界安全)”可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“有責(zé)任的”含義的形容詞，故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意