2019外研社版高中英語必修三Unit 6 Disaster and hope知識清單(教師版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀tuben.管子plusadj.(用于數(shù)字后面表示)多,余hurricanen.颶風(fēng)landsliden.山崩,滑坡tsunamin.海嘯typhoonn.臺風(fēng)satelliten.人造衛(wèi)星lapn.(坐著時的)大腿部mosquiton.蚊子countyn.(英國的)郡;(美國等國家的)縣重點單詞識記disastern.災(zāi)難,災(zāi)禍forecastv.預(yù)測,預(yù)報grabv.攫取,抓住rescuev.營救,解救claimv.(戰(zhàn)爭、事故等)奪去(生命)crisisn.危機billionnum.十億nowhereadv.什么地方都不,無處otherwiseadv.否則,要不然helicoptern.直升機midnightn.子夜,午夜propertyn.所有物,資產(chǎn),財產(chǎn)sheltern.庇護(hù),掩蔽核心詞匯拓展eruptv.(火山)爆發(fā),噴發(fā)→eruptionn.爆發(fā)immediatelyadv.即刻,馬上→immediateadj.立刻的occurv.發(fā)生→occurrencen.發(fā)生announcementn.通告,公告→announcev.宣告→announcern.廣播員;解說員reliableadj.可信賴的,可靠的→relyv.依靠emergencyn.突發(fā)事件;緊急情況→emergentadj.緊急的→emergevi.浮現(xiàn);出現(xiàn)exceptionallyadv.極其,非?！鷈xceptionaladj.杰出的,卓越的;特別的→exceptprep.除……外→exceptionn.例外threatenv.威脅到,危及→threatn.威脅;可能帶來威脅的人(事)preciselyadv.精確地,準(zhǔn)確地→preciseadj.精確的,準(zhǔn)確的sufficientadj.足夠的,充足的→sufficientlyadv.足夠地,充足地核心短語速記haveyetto還沒有comparedwith/to...和……比起來,與……相比makeitto到達(dá)……lookthrough瀏覽what’smore而且thinkabout考慮flyoff飛走allofasudden突然;猛地intheopenair在戶外moveon前進(jìn)blowaway吹走keepon重復(fù);繼續(xù)movetospace移到太空godownthestairs下樓delicateadj.微妙的;精美的,雅致的delightedadj.高興的,快樂的deservevt.應(yīng)受(報答或懲罰);值得dignityn.尊嚴(yán);高貴dilemman.進(jìn)退兩難的困境diploman.畢業(yè)文憑;學(xué)位證書directionn.方向;方位directorn.主任;董事;導(dǎo)演Sureenough,goingdownthestairsandontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcanothat’serupting.(v.-ing作主語)果不其然,走下樓梯,來到站臺上就像跳進(jìn)一座正在噴發(fā)的火山一樣。Lookingthroughmynewspaper,I’mshockedbyphotosshowingthatahurricaneinAsiahasdestroyedatown.(v.-ing作狀語)翻閱著手里的報紙,我震驚地看到亞洲的颶風(fēng)摧毀了一個城鎮(zhèn)的照片。Nowthatit’shardtoavoidadisasteronEarth,perhapsIshouldstartthinkingaboutmovingtospace...(nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)既然很難避免地球上的災(zāi)難,或許我應(yīng)該開始考慮搬到太空去……ButMomsaidthatwhateverhappens,weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.(whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)但是媽媽說,無論發(fā)生什么,我們都應(yīng)該總是努力看到事情好的一面。Althoughwearesurroundedbyremindersofthedisaster,weareworkingtogethertorebuildourhomesandourlives.(although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)雖然我們周圍的一切都提醒著我們這里曾發(fā)生的災(zāi)難,但大家都在為重建家園和生活而一同努力著。請先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對答案并背誦該短文。announce,otherwise,exceptionally,rescue,midnightThehurricanewas1.exceptionallystrongyesterday,causingsignificantdamagetopeople’sproperty.It’s2.announcedthatanumberofliveswereclaimedbythedisaster.Peoplewhosurvivedthedisasterhadnowheretogo.Drinkingwaterwashardtogetandtherewasnosufficientfood.Thegovernmentimmediatelytookactionandsenthelicoptersto3.rescuethetrappedpeople.4.Otherwisetheywouldhavestarvedtodeath.At5.midnight,mosquitoscircledtheshelterandbitpeople’slapsprecisely.People’slivesandpropertyarestillunderthreat,becausenooneknowswhetherthehurricanewillstriketheareaagain.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯occurvi.(occurred;occurred;occurring)發(fā)生;存在;出現(xiàn);(想法)產(chǎn)生(occurrencen.發(fā)生的事情;出現(xiàn),發(fā)生)sthoccurtosb某人突然想到……;想起……Itoccurstosbthat.../todo...某人突然想到……AnideaoccurredtomethatIcouldadoptthepooranimaltoprovideashelterforher.他突然想到他們可以幫助伯納德制作和出售爆米花來賺錢。(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ,讀后續(xù)寫)Itoccurredto/struck/hithimthattheycouldhelpBernardmakeandsellpopcorntomakemoney.用法點撥：occur沒有被動語態(tài),不用于進(jìn)行時。occur作謂語時,主語不能是人。表示“某人突然想到……”的其他常用句型：Itstrikessbthat.../Ithitssbthat...announcementn.通知;宣布,宣告(announcevt.宣布,宣告;通知;聲稱;預(yù)示)makeanannouncement下通知;宣布announcesthtosb(＝announcetosbsth)向某人宣布……Itisannouncedthat...據(jù)稱;據(jù)宣布……TheairlineannouncedtothemediathattheflighttoTianjinwascanceledbecauseoftheblizzard.據(jù)宣布,已派出大批士兵前往地震災(zāi)區(qū)營救災(zāi)民。Itwasannouncedthattroopsofsoldiershadbeensenttotheearthquake-strickenareastorescuethevictims.請注意,我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片“GrowingTogether”將于7點半在學(xué)校大廳上映。(應(yīng)用文寫作之通知)Attention,please.Ihaveanannouncementtomake.AnEnglishshortfilm,calledGrowingTogether,willbeshownintheschoolhallat7:30.rescuev.&n.營救;拯救;救援(rescuern.營救人員)rescuesb/sthfromsth從……中營救……go/cometoone’srescue去/來救某人Thelittlegirlwasrescuedfromaburningbuildingwhenthedisasteroccurred.Manyparentscouldn’tholdbacktheirtearswhenarescuer(rescue)carriedateenagegirloutoftheruins.那個23歲女孩的尖叫聲引來了一位路人前去營救。The23-year-oldgirl’sscreamsdrewapasser-bywhowenttoherrescue.threatenv.威脅到,危及;恐嚇(threatn.威脅threateningadj.有威脅性的,危險的)threatentodosth威脅要做某事threatensbwithsth用某物威脅某人underthreat受到威脅Davidthreatenedtoreport(report)hisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.Onlyifwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.水是我們最重要的資源之一,但它在全世界都受到威脅。(話題寫作之環(huán)境保護(hù))Waterisoneofourmostcriticalresources,butitisunderthreataroundtheworld.keepon重復(fù);繼續(xù)keepdoingsth繼續(xù)做某事,反復(fù)做某事keepsbdoingsth使某人一直做某事keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepinmindthat記住keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離Facedwithdifficulties,heoncefeltlikegivingup,butnowhehasthedeterminationtopushforwardandkeepongoing(go).Somevolunteerswillcometotheirrescuetokeepthechildrenfrombeingphysicallyandemotionallyabused.Keepawayfromthepool,otherwiseyouwillfallintothewater.首先要記住,你最好準(zhǔn)時,或者比約定的時間提前一點到達(dá)。(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)Firstofall,keepinmindthatyouhadbetterarrivepunctuallyorsometimeearlierthantheappointedtime.makeitto到達(dá),抵達(dá);趕上makeup編造,杜撰;組成,構(gòu)成;化妝;補上;湊數(shù);和好;占……makeupfor彌補;補償makeout辨認(rèn);弄清;理解bemadeupof由……組成(構(gòu)成)makeit獲得成功Kateheardaman’svoiceinthebackground,butshecouldn’tmakeoutwhathewassaying.WhatIwanttotellyouisthatthisclassispreciselymadeupof20boysand15girls.Robertisaworkerwithmuchexperience,soitwillmakeupforhislackofacademicknowledge.我甚至還沒來得及走到門口表達(dá)我的謝意,她就離開了。(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)SheleftbeforeIcouldevenmakeittothedoortooffermythanks.whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句ButMomsaidthatwhateverhappens,weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.但是媽媽說,無論發(fā)生什么,我們都應(yīng)該總是努力看到事情好的一面。whatever,whoever,whichever,whomever既可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,相當(dāng)于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。whenever,wherever,however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,相當(dāng)于nomatterwhen/where/how。Whoeveriskindenoughandreliablecanjointhisrescueteam.Mybestfriendsalwaystrytohelpmeout,wheneverIgetintoacrisis.無論我多么忙,每天我都會勻出一些時間幫助來自美國的交換生學(xué)習(xí)漢語,并且告訴他們更多的中國習(xí)俗和傳統(tǒng)。(話題寫作之文化)However/NomatterhowbusyIam,IwillsparesometimeeverydaytohelptheexchangestudentsfromtheUSAlearnChineseandtellthemmoreChinesecustomsandtraditions.(2021·北京)From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,resultinginUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.2000年至2019年,全球發(fā)生重大自然災(zāi)害7348起,造成經(jīng)濟損失29,700億美元。(2021·北京)Thewoman’seyefellontheman’sface,andsheimmediatelylookeddownandadjustedherscarf.女士看了下男子的面孔,然后立即低下頭調(diào)整了圍巾。(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime.解決這一問題的方式當(dāng)然就是種樹,這樣動物們在白天就可以找到庇護(hù)處。(2020·新高考全國Ⅱ)Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.雖然他承認(rèn)工程項目可能會因為那些想出或設(shè)計它們的人犯了錯誤而失敗,但在這本書中,彼得羅斯基博士拓寬了他的視野,考慮了此類失敗發(fā)生的更廣泛的背景。(2022·新高考全國Ⅰ)Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemishedproducethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.去年,它通過接受捐贈和收集有瑕疵的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品,回收了超過807500磅的食物,要不然這些農(nóng)產(chǎn)品會在地里腐爛。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙claimA.(戰(zhàn)爭、事故等)奪去(生命)B.聲稱，主張C.要求，索取D.獲得，贏得Itwasclaimedthatmanypeopleweretrappedinthemountainbecauseofthelandslide.BSheclaimeddamagesfromthecompanyfortheinjuryshehadsuffered.CThehurricaneclaimedmorethan20residents’lives.AIntheEnglishspeech,theyoungmanwhoclaimedthefirstprizejumpedwithathrillofjoy.D快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思。InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.跑道的一圈Whenwearrived,weattemptedtofindaseat,butallthegoodseatshadbeengrabbed.搶占核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識Thelatereruptions(erupt)werelessviolentandtherescueteamcameintime.Seizethechance,otherwise/oryouwillregretitsoonerorlater.(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)Nowthatyouaregrownup,youmuststopthischildishbehaviorimmediately.Whenweareinacrisis,heistheonlyonewhoisreliable(rely).Allofasudden,amanfromthecrowdcameforward,unawareoftheembarrassmentofthemanagerinchargeoftheproject.Theyhaveyettoshow(show)thattheycanhelpthelocalresidentsgeteasieraccesstotheInternet.Thenewsthatmorethan80touristswererescuedfromthelandslidesiteyesterdayhasbeenconfirmed.Theattackerthreatenedthepeoplewithagun,everyoneinthecrowdscared.Theteacherwasholdingabroadumbrella,sheltering(shelter)thestudentfromtherain.Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthatoccurred(occur)billionsofyearsago.單句寫作——應(yīng)用文增分練(應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)害——倡議書)既然颶風(fēng)、臺風(fēng)、海嘯等自然災(zāi)害隨時可能發(fā)生,我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會應(yīng)對它們。(nowthat)Nowthatnaturaldisasterssuchashurricane,typhoon,tsunamicanhappenatanytime,weshouldlearntodealwiththem.翻閱有關(guān)自然災(zāi)害預(yù)防的書籍并準(zhǔn)備足夠的食物會有很大幫助。(v.-ing作主語;prevention;sufficient)Lookingthroughbooksonnaturaldisasterpreventionandpreparingsufficientfoodcanbeofgreathelp.盡管自然災(zāi)害不可避免,但快速應(yīng)急救援是將損失降至最低的唯一途徑。(although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)Althoughnaturaldisastersareunavoidable,rapid-responserescueistheonlywaytominimizethedamage.每當(dāng)自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生時,軍隊總是來保護(hù)人民的生命和財產(chǎn)。(whenever;property)Wheneveranaturaldisasteroccurs,thearmedforcesalwayscometoprotectthepeople’slivesandproperty.保持冷靜,相信我們的政府,我們最終將戰(zhàn)勝自然災(zāi)害。(v.-ing作狀語)Keepingcalmandbelievinginourgovernment,wewilldefeatnaturaldisastersintheend.微型寫作——續(xù)寫提能練[教材續(xù)寫語料]動作描寫forecastv.預(yù)測rescuev.解救threatenv.威脅grabv.抓人物描寫reliableadj.可信賴的[續(xù)寫語料運用]請從以上語料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語段。然后核對答案并背誦該語段。Ada心情很沉重,她知道她必須立即營救Roy。她把襯衫包在Roy的腿上,并用一根長棍把他的腿伸直。Roy痛得大叫,一把抓住了Ada的手臂?！拔抑篮芡?”Ada輕聲說。“但這會讓腿穩(wěn)定住,直到你被直升機救出?！碑?dāng)他們安全到達(dá)醫(yī)院時,Roy說：“幸虧你在緊急情況下保持了冷靜,否則我會受到更嚴(yán)重的傷。你是多么值得信賴的朋友?。　盬ithaheavyheart,AdaknewshehadtorescueRoyimmediately.ShewrappedtheshirtaroundRoy’slegandstraightenedhislegwithalongstick.RoycriedoutinpainandgrabbedAda’sarm.“Iknowithurts,”Adasaidsoftly.“Butthiswillholditstilluntilyouarerescuedbythehelicopter.”Whentheyarrivedatthehospitalsafely,Roysaid,“Luckily,youkeptcalminanemergency,otherwiseIwouldhavesufferedamoreseriousinjury.Howreliableafriendyouare！”詞形變化填空(每小題2分,共10分)YoucanrelyonTomtorescueyou,becauseheisareliableperson.(rely)Theincreaseinracialtensionconstitutesathreattooursociety,whichmaythreatenmanyaspectsofthesociety.(threaten)Theannouncerannouncedtheresult,buttheannouncementmademeshocked.(announce)Thoughafewbriefcommentsaresufficientforpresentpurposes,myexperienceisnotsufficientlyvariedtodoso.(sufficient)Thegovernmenttookimmediateactiontorescuetheinjuredandthenewspapersentsomereporterstocovertheeventimmediatelyithappened.(immediate)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題2.5分,共15分)comparedwith,makeitto,lookthrough,what’smore,allo