季課程外研版高一英語語法回顧冠詞和形容詞的正確使用教案

季課程外研版高一英語語法回顧冠詞和形容詞的正確使用教案第2頁第3頁2.When,while,as,(not)until,assoonas,before,since3.Where,wherever4.Because,as,since,nowthat5.If,aslongas,once,unlessⅡ.活用句型翻譯下列句子1.我回來之前，你哪都別去。_________________________________________________.2.有水的地方就有生命。_________________________________________________.3.既然你有了這么好的機會，就要充分利用。___________________________________________________.4.如果明天下雨，我就在家呆著了第4頁__________________________________________________.【答案】1.Don’tgoanywherebeforeIcomeback.2.Wherethereiswater,thereisalife..3.Sinceyou’vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.4.Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.三、知識精要語法知識列表【語法點一】形容詞副詞的句法功能形容詞作定語、表語、補語、狀語【語法點二】形容詞副詞比較等級的用法倍數(shù)表達法【語法點三】定冠詞零冠詞使用需要使用定冠詞the的幾種類型不需要使用冠詞的幾種類型四、要點講練【要點1】形容詞的句法功能第5頁1..用作表語Everyonewashappy.每個人都很高興。HeisinterestedinwatchingTV.他對看電視感興趣。2.用作定語Heisanhoneststudent.他是個誠實的學生。Theyoungmanisherboyfriend.這個小伙子是她的男朋友。3.用作賓語補足語Hepushedthedooropen.他把門推開了。Wefoundtheproblemverydifficult.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個問題很難。Theproblemwasfoundverydifficult.4.用作狀語Hearrivedhome,hungryandtired.他回到家里，又餓又累。Iwenttherefullofjoy.我興高采烈地去了那兒。Hesatinthecorner,silent.他坐在角落里，一言不發(fā)?！纠}】Thenewsecretaryis______andthereforethemanagerissatisfiedwiththework.第6頁A.effectiveB.D.efficientC.specificsufficient【解析】新秘書是一個很有能力的人，因此經(jīng)理對他的工作很滿意。Efficient意為“有能力的，效率高的”故選B?！敬鸢浮緽【即學即用】1.用live的正確形式填空①Hisparentsarestill______thoughtheyarebadlyill.②Tomorrowwewillwatcha_______footballmatchtogether.【答案】①alive②live【知識拓展】現(xiàn)場直播的live活著的（用作表語或后置定語）alive第7頁活潑的lively【要點2】副詞的句法功能1.作狀語，Igotoschoolveryearlyeveryday.2.作定語Thepeoplehereareveryfriendly.3.作表語Classisover.4.作賓語補足語Pleaseletmein.【例題】Theshoesare_______smallforme.A.MuchtoomuchB.TooD.TooC.Manytoomany【解析】Toomuch意為“太多”，muchtoo意為“很，非常”因此選A【答案】A【即學即用】用hard的正確形式填空①Hissisterworksvery______tomakemoreprogress.第8頁②He_______becomesapilotduetohispooreyesight.【答案】①hard②hardly【知識拓展】Hard副詞意思“努力”，形容詞意為“困難的，硬的”副詞，意為“幾乎不”hardhardly【要點3】倍數(shù)表達法1.倍數(shù)+as+形容詞或副詞的原級+as+其他。這種結構又常演變成下列兩類：①倍數(shù)+as+many+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)+as；②倍數(shù)+as+much+不可數(shù)名詞+as。如：ThereareseventimesasmanypeopleasIexpected.是我預料的人數(shù)的七倍。Thereisfivetimesasmuchcoffeeinthisglassasinthatone.這個杯子里的咖啡是那個杯子里的五倍。2.倍數(shù)+形容詞（或副詞）的比較級+than+第9頁其他。如：Thehallisfivetimesbiggerthanourclassroom.這個大廳的面積比我們教室大五倍。3.倍數(shù)+thesize/height/length/width.etc.+of+其他。如：Thisroadissixtimesthelengthofthatone.這條路是那條路的六倍長。【例題】ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses________energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch【解析】根據(jù)表達法“倍數(shù)+as+much+不可數(shù)名詞+as，energy為不可數(shù)名次，因此選D項【答案】D【即學即用】第10頁他跑得比我快三倍。這條路是那條路的六倍長【答案】Herunsfasterthanmebythreetimes.Thisroadissixtimesthelengthofthatone.【知識拓展】常見的表示量度的名詞：length，width，height，depth，weight【要點4】一.零冠詞用法歸納1.用于復數(shù)名詞前復數(shù)名詞泛指某類人或物時,其前通常用零冠詞.如：Studentsshouldobeytheschoolrules.學生應該遵守校規(guī).2.用于不可數(shù)名詞前不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時,其前通常用零冠詞.如：Breadismadefromflour.面包是用面粉做的.3.用于專有名詞前在通常情況下,專有名詞前要用零冠詞.如：第11頁MrSmithisourEnglishteachesusEnglish.史密斯先生教我們英語.4.用于某些單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前在某些特殊情況下用零冠詞,如用作呼語時、表示家庭成員時、用于表示“變成”的連系動詞turn,go之后作表語時、用于倒裝的讓步狀語從句中時等.如：CanItellFatheraboutit?這事我可以告訴爸爸嗎?5.用于抽象化的可數(shù)名詞前有些可數(shù)名詞抽象化后表示表示的活動,其前通常零冠詞.如Jimhasgonetobed.吉姆已上床睡覺了.6.用于職務及頭銜前當表示職務及頭銜的名詞用作表語、補足語及同位語時,其前通常用零冠詞.如：WilsonbecamePresidentoftheU.S.A.威爾遜當了美國總統(tǒng).第12頁7.用于球類運動前Let’sgoandplaybasketball.我們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球吧.8.其他用零冠詞的場合按英語習慣,在表示學科、語言、三餐、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)假日、星期等名詞前,通常用零冠詞.如：Weareallinterestedinphysics.我們大家都對物理感興趣.Won’tyoustayandtakelunchwithus?留在這兒吃午飯好嗎?8.用于某些固定結構中gotosea去當水手athome在家atnight在晚上atleast至少atmost至多atfirst首先atlast最后inbed在床上onfoot步行facetoface面對面二.定冠詞用法歸納1.表示特指定冠詞表示特指,既可特指上文提到過的人或事第13頁物,也可特指談話雙方都清楚的人或事物,還可特指受后置定語或定語從句修飾的人或事物.如：ThereImetaforeignerandtheforeignerhelpedmeagreatdeal.在那兒我遇到一個老外,這個老外幫了我不少忙.2.表示類別(1)概括整個類屬：定冠詞與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用可以概括整個類屬,有時還可以與某些形容詞連用表示整個屬.如：Thecomputerisagreatinvention.計算機是一項偉大的發(fā)明.(2)與某些形容詞連用,表示一類人或一類事物.如：therich富人thepoor窮人thewealthy富人theold老人theaged老人theyoung年輕人thesick病人thebrave勇敢的人theweak弱者3.表示世上獨一無二的事物第14頁這里說的世上獨一無二的事物主要指thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky,theuniverse,theworld,theatmosphere(大氣層)等東西.如：4.連用序數(shù)詞和最高級序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級前通常要用定冠詞,副詞最高級前可用定冠詞,也可不用.如：Itwasthebestresultthey’veeverhad.這是他們歷來取得的最好成績.5.用于某些專有名詞前如用于河流、海洋、山川、海島、海峽、沙漠等專有名詞前,以及用于由普通名詞構成(或含有普通名詞)的專有名詞如國名、地名、團體、機構、黨派、報紙、雜志、事件、建筑物等前.如：theYellowRiver黃河theRedSea紅海theIndianOcean印度洋theTaiwanStraits臺灣海峽theSahara(Desert)撒哈拉大沙漠theUnitedStates美國第15頁6.用于樂器名詞前當樂器名詞表示演奏時,其前通常要用定冠詞.如：Shelikesplayingthepiano.她喜歡彈鋼琴.Thesetwopianosareverycheap.這兩架鋼琴很便宜.7.用于姓氏的復數(shù)之前定冠詞有時可用于表示姓氏的復數(shù)前,表示全家人或全家中兩個或兩個以上的人.如：NoneofushereliketheSmiths.我們這里沒有人喜歡史密斯一家人.8.用于逢整十數(shù)詞的復數(shù)前定冠詞有時可用于逢整十的復數(shù)數(shù)詞前,表示世紀中的年代.如：Hemovedtothesouthinthefifties.他于50年代搬到了南方.9.用在某些習慣用語中atthesametime同時bytheway順便問一句第16頁forthepresent暫時gotothecinema看電影intheend最后inthedark在黑暗中,不知道intheleast一點,絲毫intheopen在野外inthepast在過去inthelongrun從長遠來看【例題】1._______sunrisesin_______east．2.Whatdoesthis_______wordmean，_______Father？【解析】1.第一個空用the表示太陽是世界上獨一無二的物體；第二個空用the是因為在方位詞的前面一般用定冠詞。2.指示代詞不能與定冠詞連用?！敬鸢浮?.The；the。2.×；×【即學即用】1.Washingtonis_______capitalof_______USA．2._______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China．【答案】1.the；the。第一個the是特指美國的第17頁首都。第二個the是在由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前應加定冠詞。2.The；the，×。第一空用the是因為在河流名稱的前面用定冠詞；第二空用the是因為在形容詞最高級前面用定冠詞；第三空“零”冠詞是因為專有名詞前一般不加冠詞?！局R拓展】一、定冠詞使用口訣：世界獨一二次見,序語形容高級前.富人傷員按天算,方位樂器影劇院.群島河山江湖海,沙漠海峽與海灣.階級黨派國家名,普專復合姓氏前.組織團體和機關,朝代、會議及報刊.雙知年代擊中臉,指特事物及習慣.二、零冠詞的用法口訣月季星期節(jié)假洲,呼語頭銜職務前,三餐球類慣用語,學科棋類名詞前.※【鏈接高考】第18頁①【2019The“ChineseDream”is______dreamtoimprovepeople福建】’swell-beingand______dreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.A．A.the;aB.a;aC.a;theD.the;the②[2019?安徽卷]Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftme________aboutmyfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.A．puzzledB．SensitiveC．optimisticD．embarrassed③[2019?浙江卷]Joeisproudand________，neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.A．strictB．sympatheticC．stubbornD．sensitive【答案】①B考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意，中國夢是一個…的第19頁夢和一個…的夢，可知，兩空都用不定冠詞a，答案選B②C考查形容詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)goodperformance可知選optimistic。puzzled困惑的；sensitive敏感的；embarrassed尷尬的。句意：我在求職面試中的良好表現(xiàn)讓我對我的未來以及我在這里能做什么持樂觀的態(tài)度。故選C。③C考查形容詞辨析。句意：喬不僅傲慢而且固執(zhí)，他從不承認他的錯，總是怪別人。stubborn意為“固執(zhí)的，固執(zhí)己見的”，符合語境。strict嚴格的；sympathetic富有同情心的；sensitive敏感的。故選C項。五、雙基達標1.詞匯練習1..Mostofus,ifweknowevenalittleaboutwhereourfoodcomesfrom,understandthateverybiteputintoourmouthswas______alive.A.steadilyB.instantlyC.formerlyD.permanently2.Listeningisthusanactive,nota______,behaviorconsistingofhearing,understanding第20頁andremembering.A.considerateC.reliableB.sensitiveD.Passive3.LittleTomsat______watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.A.amazeamazedB.amazingC.D.toamaze4.Itwas________ofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.A.carelessB.considerateC.patientD.generous5.Thepoliceofficersdecidedtoconductathoroughand_______reviewofthecase.A.comprehensiveC.consciousD.crucialB.complicated7..I’mso______toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.A.specialB.superiorC.gratefulD.attractive第21頁【答案】1.C2.D3.C4.B5.A6.C2.冠詞填空Once______manwantedtogofromonesideof_____rovertotheotherin_____boat.Hehadtotakewithhim_____sheep,____wolfand____basketofvegetables.Buthecouldtakeonlyoneofthematime,beceuse____boatwasverysmall."IfIleave_____wolfandsheeptogether,_____wolfmayeat_____sheep."hesaidtohimself"IfIleave____sheepand_____vegetablestogether,_____sheeomayeat_____vegetables."Hethoughtandthought.Atlast,hehad______idea.Andhewasableto_____othersideof_____riverwith______sheep,_____wolfandthevegetables.Doyouknowhowhedidit?答案：Once___a___manwantedtogofromonesideof__a___rivertotheotherin__a___boat.Hehadtotakewithhim___a__sheep,__a__wolfand__a__basketofvegetables.Buthecouldtakeonlyoneof第22頁thematime,beceuse_the___boatwasverysmall."IfIleave_the____wolfandsheeptogether,__the___wolfmayeat__the___sheep."hesaidtohimself"IfIleave_the___sheepand___the__vegetablestogether,__the___sheepmayeat___the__vegetables."Hethoughtandthought.Atlast,hehad___an___idea.Andhewasabletogoto___the__othersideof___the__riverwith____the__sheep,__the___wolfandthevegetables.Doyouknowhowhedidit?3.習文練筆[題目要求]假定你是一名高中生除了在學校學習英語之外還有什么其他途徑練習英語.,一次一位外國朋友問你,請你根據(jù)提示用英語寫出你參加“英語角”的情況.提示1:"英語角"于兩年前成立,許多中學生參加,有時也有些大學生和外國友人來此.2:活動時第23頁間：每周六下午.3:活動內(nèi)容：練習英語口語,談論大家共同感興趣的事情,交流學習英語的經(jīng)驗等.4:談你參加此活動的體會.[思路點撥]1．時態(tài)：主要為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時；人稱：一般用第一人稱。2.所給提示要寫全[詞匯熱身]①英語角______________②口語____________【答案】①Englishcorner②oral/spokenEnglish[句式溫習]1．英語角成立于兩年前。（被動語態(tài)）2．我得到了練習口語的【答案】1.Englishcornerwasfoundedtwoyearsago機會。2.Igettheopportunitiesto第24頁practicemyoralEnglish[連句成篇]________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第25頁________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】ApartfromlearningthecurriculumEnglishatschool,IalsoattendtheEnglishcornereverySaturdaymorning.ThisEnglishcornerwasfoundedtwoyearsagowithmanyhighschoolstudentstakingpart.Asuniversitystudentsandforeignerssometimescomehereaswell,ithasbecomeafantasticplaceforlearningEnglishinamoreefficientandpracticalway.Bycommunicatingwithcontemporariesand第26頁expertsinEnglish,IgettheopportunitiestopracticemyoralEnglish,shareexperienceinlearningEnglish,andtalkingaboutthingswherewesharethesameinterest.BeingaregularparticipantintheEnglishcornernow,IimprovedmyEnglishnotonlyinthelanguageitself,butalsointermsofthecultureofthelanguage,whichprovidesmewithmoreunderstandingofwhatandhowtolearn.I'llcertainlycontinuestickingtothecornereverySaturday,hopingsomedaybecominganexpertinEnglishlearningjustlikesomeofmy"English-corner-friends".六、單元自測1.句子翻譯1.他又驚又喜站起來領獎.2.這張桌子比那一張長了兩倍3.這是我聽到的最有趣的故事了。（否定詞+比較級）【答案】1.Hestoodupandacceptedtheprize,第27頁surprisedandhappy2.Thistableistwicelongerthanthatone3．Ihaveneverheardamoreinterestingstorybefore.4.2.知識運用1）完形填空DearSeth,Youareonlythreeyearsold,andatthispointinyourlifeyouarenotabletounderstandthisletter.Butsomedaywhenyou___1___,Ihopeyouwillfindsomething__2__inwhatIamgoingtosharewithyou.Lifecanbe__3__.Therewillbepeopleinyourlifewhowon’tbeverynice.They’ll__4___youbecauseyouaredifferent,__5__fornogoodreason.Youwillalsofaceheartbreakandmightbe__6__bythoseyoulove.Ihopeyoudon’thavetofacethesetoomuch,butsuchthings__7__.Beopentolifeanyway.You’llfindcruelty(殘忍)第28頁and__8__inyourjourneythroughlife,butdon’tletthat__9__youfromfindingnewthings.Don’tretreat（退卻）fromlife,anddon’t__10__orwallyourselfoff.Beopentonewthings,newexperiences,andnewpeople.Youwill__11__manytimes,butifyouallowthattostopyoufromtrying,youwill__12_manychances.Dorememberfailureisasteppingstoneto__13__.Youwillmeetmanypeoplewhowilltrytodo__14__thanyou,inschool,incollege,andatwork.They’lltrytohavenicercars,biggerhouses,nicerclothes,andsoon..To__15_,lifeisacompetition.However,Ibelievelifeisa__16_.Ifyoualwaystryyourbestto__17__others,youarewastingyourlife.Learntoenjoyyourlife__18_andyouwillmakeitajourneyof__19__,oflearningandoflove.Finally,knowthatIloveyouandalwayswill.Youare_20__areallywonderfuljourney,andIwillalwaysbethereforyou.第29頁LoveDad1:A．growupB．showupC．cheerupD．giveup2:A．familiarB．valuableC．normalD．interesting3:A．unkindB．peacefulC．equalD．simple4:A．lookatB．runafterC．laughatD．lookafter5:A．ifB．butC．soD．or6:A．hurtB．foundC．a(chǎn)cceptedD．impressed7:A．matterB．workC．disappearD．happen8:A．luckB．painC．differenceD．hope第30頁9:A．protectB．encourageC．stopD．choose10:A．forgiveB．struggleC．competeD．hide11:A．leaveB．prepareC．escapeD．fail12:A．enjoyB．tryC．missD．meet13:A．successB．lifeC．a(chǎn)ctionD．sorrow14:A．earlierB．betterD．fasterC．less15:A．youD．themB．meC．him16:A．challengeB．dramaC．journeyD．dream17:A．changeB．pardonC．followD．beat第31頁18:A．somewhereB．insteadC．a(chǎn)fterwardsD．though19:A．crueltyB．dangerC．happinessD．quietness20:A．startingB．destroyingC．finishingD．replacing答案:1-5ABACD6-10ADBCD11-15DCABD16-20CDBCA2）閱讀理解WhenwomensittogethertowatchamovieonTV,theyusuallytalksimultaneously（同時的）aboutavarietyofsubjects,includingchildren,men,careersandwhat'shappeningintheirlives.Whengroupsofmenandwomenwatchamovietogether,themenusuallyenduptellingthewomentoshutup.Mencaneithertalkorwatchthescreen--theycan'tdoboth--andtheydon'tunderstandthatwomencan.Besides,womenconsiderthatthepointofallgettingtogetheristohaveagoodtimeanddevelop第32頁relationships--notjusttosittherelikecouchpotatoesstaringatthescreen.Duringtheadbreaks,amanoftenasksawomantoexplaintheplotandtellhimwheretherelationshipbetweenthecharactersisgoing.Heisunable,unlikewomen,toreadthesubtlebodylanguagesignalsthatrevealhowthecharactersarefeelingemotionally.Sincewomenoriginallyspenttheirdayswiththeotherwomenandchildreninthegroup,theydevelopedtheabilitytocommunicatesuccessfullyinordertomaintainrelationships.Forawoman,speechcontinuestohavesuchaclearpurpose:tobuildrelationshipsandmakefriends.Formen,totalkistorelatethefacts.Menseethetelephoneasacommunicationtoolforsendingfactsandinformationtootherpeople,butawomanseesitasameansofbonding.Awomancanspendtwoweeksonvacationwithhergirlfriendand,whenshereturnshome,telephonethesamegirlfriendandtalkforanothertwohours.第33頁Thereisnoconvincingevidencethatsocialconditioning,thefactthatgirls'motherstalkedthemmore,isthereasonwhygirlstalkmorethanboys.PsychiatristDrMichaelLewis,authorSocialBehaviourandLanguageAcquisition,conductedexperimentsthatfoundmotherstalkedtoandlookedat,babygirlsmoreoftenthanbabyboys.Scientificevidenceshowsparentsresthebrainbiasoftheirchildren.Sinceagirl'sbrainisbetterorganizedtosendandreceivespeech,wethereforetalktothemmore.Consequently,motherswhotrytotalktotheirsonsareusuallypointedtoreceiveonlyshortgruntsinreply.1.WhilewatchingTVwithothers,womenUsuallytalkalotbecausethey______________A.areafraidofawkwardsilencewiththeirfamiliesandfriendsB.canbothtalkandwatchthescreenattheSametimeC.thinktheycanhaveagoodtimeanddeveloprelationships第34頁D.havetoexplaintheplotandbodylanguagetotheirhusbands2.Afteravacationwithhergirlfriend,awomanwouldtalktoheragainonthephoneforhoursinorderto______________.A.experiencethehappytimeagainB.keepaclosetiewithherC.recommendheranewscenicspotD.remindherofsomethingforgotten3.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusmost?A.Women'sbrainsarebetterorganizedforlanguageandcommunicationB.Womenlovetotalkbecausetheyaremoresociablethanmen.C.Mendonotliketalkingbecausetheyrelymoreonfacts.D.Socialconditioningisnotthereasonwhywomenlovetalking.4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WomenAreSociallyTrainedtoTalkB.TalkingMaintainsRelationships第35頁C,WomenLovetoTalkD.MenTalkDifferentlyfromWomen5.Whereisthispassageadaptedfrom?A.newspaperB.SciencereportC.textbookD.Entertainmentjournal答案:1---