中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)-it用法

it用法it作為人稱代詞的用法it作為人稱代詞時(shí)，可指代除人以外的動(dòng)植物和物品，意為“它”，有時(shí)也可指代嬰兒或性別不明確的某人。Ikeepadog.It’sveryclever.BoblefthisEnglishbookathome.Hecalledhismothertosendittoschool.Thebabyissleeping.Itmustbequitetired.Someoneisknockingthedoor.Whoisit?it可指代this或that---What’sthisinEnglish?---It’sanorange.That’syourbike,isn’tit?it作為非人稱代詞的用法it作為非人稱代詞可指時(shí)間、天氣、距離以及上文出現(xiàn)過的內(nèi)容。it還可以作不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞的形式主語和形式賓語。指時(shí)間---Whattimeisitnow?---It’s10:30.---What’sthedatetoday?---It’sJune1st.指天氣It’sveryhottoday.Itwassunnyyesterday.Wedecidetogotothezooifitdoesn’trainontheweekend.指距離---Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?---It’sabouttenminutes’walk.It’slessthanfivekilometersfromthebanktothepostoffice.指上文出現(xiàn)過的內(nèi)容---Whenisyourbirthday?---It’sonAugust10th.EveryoneenjoysMissWang’sclassbecauseit’sreallyinteresting.Sarahdidn’tcomebackhomeat11intheevening.Itworriedhermother.作形式主語（代替不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語）It’snotyourfaulttomisstheflight.It’sverykindofyoutohelpwithmymath.It’snecessaryforustodosomeexerciseeveryday.IttookmetenhourstoarriveinBeijing.It’snousebuyingabookbutnotreadingit.作形式賓語（代替不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語）Wefinditimpossibletogetthereinthreedays.Theyconsideritgoodforchildrentodrinkmilkinthemorning.Someparentsthinkitnecessarytodeveloptheirchildren’slearningability.Ibelieveitimportantgraspingaforeignlanguage.強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who...，該結(jié)構(gòu)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語等，但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞。Iboughtthisbookyesterdaymorning.ItwasyesterdaymorningthatIboughtthisbook.ItwasthisbookthatIboughtyesterday.ItwasIwho/thatboughtthisbookyesterdaymorning.（注意：當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)，用who或that都可以；除此之外都用that）強(qiáng)調(diào)句和定語從句的區(qū)別強(qiáng)調(diào)句去除“itis/was...that”仍是完整的句子，定語從句則不是。Itwasasummerwhenwemet.（定語從句）Itwasinasummerthatwemet.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）Itisthefactorywhereheworks.（定語從句）Itisinthefactorythatheworks.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）注意語境，尤其是一問一答時(shí)---Wheredidyoumeetthefamouswriter?---ItwasintherestaurantwherewewenttohavedinnerlastTuesday.（定語從句）/Itwasintherestaurantthatwemetthefamouswriter.（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）it常用句型It+v.+todosth.Ittakesheraweektofinishreadingthisbook.Itcostmefivehundreddollars.It+be+adj.+todosth.It’sgladtoseeyougain.ItwasfunnytovisitUncleLi’sfarm.It+be+adj.+forsb.todosth.（用于形容事情）Itwasnoteasyforhimtoovercomethedifficulty.It’simpossibleformetofinishthetaskwithoutyou.It+be+adj.+ofsb.todosth.（用于形容人）It’sniceofyoutohelpmecarrytheheavybox.It’shelpfulofhimtodochoreswithhisparents.It+be+n.+todosth.It’smypleasuretointroduceyoutomyfriends.It’sgreatfuntravellingwithsomanyfriends.Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since...It’s/hasbeenmorethantenyearssincewemetoneanotherlasttime.It’s/hasbeentwentyyearssincehegaveupsmoking.It+is+thefirst/second/thirdtime+that...（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseenthefilm.It’sthesecondtimethatshehasreadTreasureIsland.It+was+thefirst/second/thirdtime+that...（過去完成時(shí)）Itwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenthenaturalmuseum.Itwasthefourthtimethatmycousinshadvisitedme.Itwas+時(shí)間段+before...“過了多久才......”Itwastwohoursbeforehereachedmyhome.（過了2小時(shí)他才到我家。）Itwasthreeyearsbeforethebookwaspublished.（過了3年這本書才出版。）Itwasnot+時(shí)間段+before...“沒過多久就......”Itwasn’tanhourbeforeshefinishedherhomework.（不到1小時(shí)她就完成了家庭作業(yè)。）Itwasn’thalfofamonthbeforehereturnedhome.（不到半個(gè)月他就回家了。）Itwillbe+時(shí)間段+before...“要過多久才......”Itwillbemanyyearsbeforetheymeeteachotheragain.（要過很多年他們才能在相見。）Itwillbe20hoursbeforemybrotherarrivesinNewYork.（要過20個(gè)小時(shí)我哥哥才到達(dá)紐約。）Itwillnotbe+時(shí)間段+before...“沒過多久就......”Itwon’tbelongbeforeIhavearobot.（不久，我就會(huì)擁有一個(gè)機(jī)器人。）Itwon’tbeonemonthbeforeIbecomeacollegestudent.（不到1個(gè)月我就是一名大學(xué)生了。）it,one,that用法比較it表示特指，可以代替可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，直接指代前文提到的同一事物；Thisdressisbeautiful.Iwanttobuyit.Idon’twanttodrinkthetea.It’stoohot.Lookatthiscat.It’ssocute.Mycellphoneisonyourtable.Canyoupassittome?one表示泛指，只能指代可數(shù)名詞，并且是同類不同物；Yourcameraisuseful.I’mgoingtobuyone.Thesweateristoobig.Couldyougivemeanotherone?Davidgotamodelplanefromhisfatherasabirthdaygift.Ialsowantedone.that表示特指，一般用于比較級(jí)的句子中，代替前面提到的“同類”事物中的另一個(gè)，可代替可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞。TheweatherinGuangzhouishotterthanthatinBeijinginsummer.ThelengthoftheNileislongerthanthatofYangtzeRiver.Thesizeofourschoolislagerthanthatofyours.練習(xí)：1.Peoplethink_____moreandmore_____toprotecttheenvironment.A.that;impossibleB.it;importantC.this;necessaryD./:interesting2.Thebabysmiledwhen______saw______mother.A.he;itsB.it;hisC.it;itsD.she;its3._____isgenerous_____thelittlegirltosharehertoyswiththeotherkids.A.It;of B.That;of C.It;forD.That;for4.Jack,someoneinyourclasscalledyoulastnight. -Oh,whowas_____?heB.sheC.itD.that---Thereisstillacopyofthebook“AliceinWonderland”inthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow_____?---No,I’dratherbuy_____inthebookstore.A.it;itB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;one6.-AlatestEnglishnewspaper,please!-Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave__,sir?A.it B.one C.this D.that 7._____wasonFridaymorning______LucyarrivedinShanghai.A.This;when B.That;that C.It;thatD.It;when8.-Excuseme.Iwanttobuysomestamps.WherecanIfindapostoffice?-Iknow____notfarfromhere.Youcaneasilyfind____. that;it B.it;one C.one;it D.that;oneSomepeoplehavebeenillfromastrongdiseasethesedays.Thedoctorhaveneverheardof______before.ThatB.thisC.itD.oneI’dappreciate_____ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousecom