巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯

巖土工程專業(yè)詞匯一.綜合類geOe/doc/079018962.html,,blog1.geotechnicalengineering巖土工程2.foundationengineering基礎(chǔ)工程3.soil,earth土4.soilmechanics土力學(xué)cyclicloading周期荷載unioading卸載reloading再加載viscoelasticfoundation粘彈性地基viscousdamping粘滯阻尼shearmodulus剪切模量5.soildynamics土動(dòng)力學(xué)6.stresspath應(yīng)力路徑7.numericalgeotechanics數(shù)值巖土力學(xué)二.土的分類1.residualsoil殘積土groundwaterlevel地下水位2.groundwater地下水groundwatertable地下水位3.clayminerals粘土礦物4.secondaryminerals次生礦物/doc/079018962.html,ndslides滑坡6.boreholecolumnarsection鉆孑L柱狀圖7.engineeringgeologicinvestigation工程地質(zhì)勘察8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravellysand礫砂12.coarsesand粗砂13.mediumsand中砂14.finesand細(xì)砂15.siltysand粉土16.clayeysoil粘性土17.clay粘土18.siltyclay粉質(zhì)粘土19.silt粉土20.sandysilt砂質(zhì)粉土21.clayeysilt粘質(zhì)粉土22.saturatedsoil飽和土23.unsaturatedsoil非飽和土24.fill(soil)填土25.overconsolidatedsoil超固結(jié)土26.normallyconsolidatedsoil正常固結(jié)土27.underconsolidatedsoil欠固結(jié)土28.zonalsoil區(qū)域性土29.softclay軟粘土30.expansive(swelling)soil膨脹土31.peat泥炭32.loess黃土33.frozensoil凍土三.土的基本物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)/doc/079018962.html,compressionindex2.cuundrainedshearstrength3.cu/p0ratioofundrainedstrengthcutoeffectiveoverburdenstressp0(cu/pO)NC,(cu/pO)ocsubscriptsNCandOCdesignatednormallyconsolidatedandoverconsolidated,respectively4.cvanecohesivestrengthfromvanetest5.e0naturalvoidratio6.Ipplasticityindex7.K0coefficientof-rest"atpressure,fortotalstresses1and28.K0'domainforeffectivestressescr1'andcr2'9.KOnKOfornormallyconsolidatedstate10.K0uK0coefficientunderrapidcontinuousloading,simulatinginstantaneousloadingoranundrainedcondition11.K0dK0coefficientundercyclicloading(frequencylessthan1Hz),asapseudo-dynamictestforK0coefficient12.kh,kvpermeabilityinhorizontalandverticaldirections,respectively13.Nblowcount,standardpenetrationtest14.OCRover-consolidationratio15.pcpreconsolidationpressure,fromoedemetertest16.p0effectiveoverburdenpressure17.psspecificconepenetrationresistanee,fromstaticconetest18.quunconfinedcompressivestrength19.U,Umdegreeofconsolidation‘subscriptmdenotesmeanvalueofaspecimen20.u,ub,umpore(water)pressure,subscriptsbandmdenotebottomofspecimenandmeanvalue,respectively21.w0wLwpnaturalwatercontent,liquidandplasticlimits,respectively22.c1,c2principalstresses,c1'andc2'denoteeffectiveprincipalstresses23.Atterberglimits阿太堡界限24.degreeofsaturation飽和度25.dryunitweight干重度26.moistunitweight濕重度27.saturatedunitweight飽和重度28.effectiveunitweight有效重度29.density密度/doc/079018962.html,pactness密實(shí)度31.maximumdrydensity最大干密度32.optimumwatercontent最優(yōu)含水量33.threephasediagram三相圖34.tri-phasesoil三相土35.soilfraction粒組36.sieveanalysis篩分37.hydrometeranalysis比重計(jì)分析38.uniformitycoefficient不均勻系數(shù)39.coefficientofgradation級配系數(shù)40.fine-grainedsoil(siltyandclayey)纟田粒土41.coarse-grainedsoil(gravellyandsandy)粗粒土42.Unifiedsoilclassificationsystem土的統(tǒng)一分類系統(tǒng)43.ASCE=AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineer美國土木工程師學(xué)會(huì)44.AASHTO=AmericanAssociationStateHighwayOfficials美國州公路官員協(xié)會(huì)45.1SSMGE=InternationalSocietyforSoilMechanicsandGeotechnicalEngineering國際土力學(xué)與巖土工程學(xué)會(huì)四.滲透性和滲流1.Darcy'slaw達(dá)西定律2.piping管涌3.flowingsoil流土4.sandboiling砂沸5.flownet流網(wǎng)6.seepage滲透(流)7.1eakage滲流8.seepagepressure#透壓力9.permeability滲透性10.seepageforce滲透力11.hydraulicgradient水力梯度12.coefficientofpermeability滲透系數(shù)五.地基應(yīng)力和變形1.softsoil軟土2.(negative)skinfrictionofdrivenpile打入樁(負(fù))摩阻力3.effectivestress有效應(yīng)力4.totalstress總應(yīng)力5.fieldvaneshearstrength十字板抗剪強(qiáng)度6.lowactivity低活性7.sensitivity靈敏度8.triaxialtest三軸試驗(yàn)9.foundationdesign基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)10.recompaction再壓縮11.bearingcapacity承載力12.soilmass土體13.contactstress（pressure）接觸應(yīng)力（壓力）14.concentratedload集中荷載15.asemi-infiniteelasticsolid半無限彈性體16.homogeneous均質(zhì)17.isotropic各向同性18.stripfooting條基19.squarespreadfooting方形獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)20.underlyingsoil（stratum,strata）下臥層（土）21.deadload=sustainedload恒載持續(xù)荷載22.liveload活載23.short-termtransientload短期瞬時(shí)荷載24.long-termtransientload長期荷載25.reducedload折算荷載26.settlement沉降27.deformation變形28.casing套管29.dike=dyke堤（防）30.clayfraction粘粒粒組31.physicalproperties物理性質(zhì)32.subgrade路基33.well-gradedsoil級配良好土34.poorly-gradedsoil級配不良土35.normalstresses正應(yīng)力36.shearstresses剪應(yīng)力37.principalplane主平面38.major（intermediate,minor）principalstress最大（中、最小）主應(yīng)力39.Mohr-Coulombfailurecondition摩爾-庫侖破壞條件40.FEM=finiteelementmethod有限元法41.limitequilibriummethod極限平衡法42.porewaterpressure孑L隙水壓力43.preconsolidationpressure先期固結(jié)壓力44.modulusofcompressibility壓縮模量45.coefficentofcompressibility壓縮系數(shù)/doc/079018962.html,pressionindex壓縮指數(shù)47.swellingindex回彈指數(shù)48.geostaticstress自重應(yīng)力49.additionalstress附加應(yīng)力50.totalstress總應(yīng)力51.finalsettlement最終沉降52.slipline滑動(dòng)線六.基坑開挖與降水1excavation開挖（挖方）2dewatering（基坑）降水3failureoffoundation基坑失穩(wěn)4braeingoffoundationpit基坑圍護(hù)5bottomheave=basalheave（基坑）底隆起6retainingwall擋土墻7pore-pressuredistribution孑L壓分布8dewateringmethod降低地下水位法9wellpointsystem井點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)（輕型）10deepwellpoint深井點(diǎn)11vacuumwellpoint真空井點(diǎn)12bracedcuts支撐圍護(hù)13bracedexcavation支撐開挖14bracedsheeting支撐擋板七.深基礎(chǔ)--deepfoundation1.pilefoundation樁基礎(chǔ)1）cast-in-place灌注樁divingcastingcast-in-placepile沉管灌注樁boredpile鉆孔樁special-shapedcast-in-placepile機(jī)控異型灌注樁pilessetintorock嵌巖灌注樁rammedbulbpile夯擴(kuò)樁2）belledpierfoundation鉆孔墩基礎(chǔ)drilled-pierfoundation鉆孔擴(kuò)底墩under-reamedboredpier3）precastconcretepile預(yù)制混凝土樁4）steelpile鋼樁steelp