2022-2023學年高一英語上學期第二次月考A卷（上海專用）（全解全析）

2022-2023學年高一上學期第二次月考A卷（上海專用）

英語試題

注意事項：

1.考試范圍：上教版必修一Unit1-Unit3

2.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。

3.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡

皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,

anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.IntwoweeksB.WithintwoweeksC.TwoweeksagoD.Fortwoweeks

【答案】c

【原文】

M:Howlonghaveyoustayedinthecity?

W:Onlyabouttwoweeks,ImovedherefromMalaysia.

Q:Whendidthewomanmovetothecity?

2.A.AtthegarageB.InaparkinglotC.AtacarshopD.Inacarshowroom

【答案】A

【原文】

M:Couldyoupleasehavemycarreadyat4o'clock?

W:Noproblem.Sir.Thedamageisnotthatserious.

Q:Wheredidtheconversationprobablytakeplace?

3.A.Surprised.B.Disappointed.C.DelightedD.Offended.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Youlookmuchslimmer!

W:Oh,that'stheloveliestwordI'veheardtodaydelighted.

Q:Howdoesthewomanreacttotheman'sremark?

4.A.Inapostoffice.B.Onafarm.C.Ataclinic.D.Atarestaurant.

【答案】D

【原文】

W:Wouldyouliketoordernow?

M:Yes.Pleaseshowmethemenu.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

5.A.Doctorandpatient.B.Bossandemployee.

C.Assistantandcustomer.D.Teacherandstudent.

【答案】C

【原文】

W:MayIhelpyou?

M:Yes.IforgottoaskforareceiptforwhatIbought.

Q:What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

6.A.Shelosthercar.B.Shedrovehere.

C.Hercarwentwrong.D.Shebrokethetrafficrules.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Youdidn'tdrivehere,didyou?

W:No,Ididn't.Iwasgoingto,butmycarbrokedown

Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?

7.A.5minutes.B.10minutes.C.15minutes.D.20minutes.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Whendoesthenexttrainleave?

W:Youhavejustmissedoneby5minutes.Trainsleaveeveryfifteenminutes,soyou'llhavetowaitforawhile.

Q:Howlongdoesthemanhavetowaitforthenexttrain?

8.A.$2.5B.$3.00C.$5,00D.$8.00

【答案】B

【原文】

M:I'dliketosendthispackagebyspecialdeliveryandinsureitfor$5.

W:That'llbe$2.50forthepostageand50centsfbrtheinsurance.

Q:Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisdeliveryinall?

9.A.Hedoubtsthewoman'swords.B.Hehasn'treadthenovelyet.

C.Heenjoyedreadingthenovelalot.D.Heisnotinterestedinthenovelatall.

【答案】C

【原文】

W:IhopeyoulikethenovelIlentyou.Iwasn'tsurewhetheritwasthekindofbookyouwouldbeinterestedin.

M:Youknow,Ihadthesamedoubtatfirst.ButonceIstarted,Isimplycouldn'tputitdown.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

10.A.Shedidn'tnoticewhoJohnsonwastalkingto.B.Johnsonwastoobusytotalktosomeone.

C.Shewasbusyeatingsomethingdelicious.D.Johnsonwasmeetingthenewgueststhen.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:DidyounoticewhoJohnsonwastalkingtoattheparty?

W:Iwassobusygreetingalltheguests.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbe

askedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecide

whichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.WastefromanimalB.Agriculturalchemicals

C.SafecontainersD.Industrialwaste

12.A.UndamagedmetalcansB?Alltheboxesofjuiceormilk

C.WaterproofcontainersD.Leakingcans

13.A.Youshouldcleanupthecansonly.

B.Youshouldmakethecanscleanandboilthemthoroughly

C.Youshouldplacethecansinsafeareas.

D.Youshouldbrushthecansandthenputtheminboiledwater

【答案】11.C12.D13.B

【原文】

Waterandfoodfromfloodsmaycontainanimalandhumanwaste.Itcanalsocontainotherpollutantslike

chemicalsfromagricultureandindustrysofoodsafetyspecialistshavesuggestedsomeadvicetoavoiddangers

fromuncleanwaterandfood.

Throwawayanythingthatisnotstoredinawaterproofcontainerandthrowawayboxesofjuiceormilkif

theyhavecomeintocontactwithfloodwater.Alsothrowawaydamagedmetalcansorhardplasticcontainers.

Don'tusecansthatareswollenorleaking.

Someunopened,undamagedall-metalcanscanbesaved.Beforeuse,washthecanswithsoapandwater,and

brushorwipeawaydirtandthenplacethecansagaininwaterandheatthewatertoonehundreddegreesCelsius.

Boilthecansfortwominutes.Also,remembernottoeatfreshvegetablesfromthegardenifithascomeincontact

withfloodwater.Tobesafe,havethesoiltested.

Questions:

11.WhatmaynotbecontainedinwaterandfoodfromHoods?

12.Whichofthefollowingmustbethrownawayinfloodedareas?

13.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttosavesomeunopenedcans?

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.AlaboratoryassistantB.Achemistryteacher

C.AprofessorinthehospitalD.Ateacherofalaboratory

15.A.HecanmakeuptheclassB.Hewillattendotherclasses.

C.HewillreportedimmediatelyD.Hewillbedroppedfromtheclass.

16.A.Thestudentswillbeaskedtoleavetheclass.

B.Itshouldbecutrightaway

C.itmustbefastenedtightlytogether.

D.Thestudents9parentswillbecalledtoschool

【答案】14.A15.D16.C

【原文】

Goodmorning,everyone,IamProfessorSmith,andIamyourlaboratoryinstructor.Thisclassisintendedas

anecessarypartofthecourse,whichDr.Jameswillbeinchargeof.Thisclasswillmeettwiceaweekinthis

laboratory.Itbeginsatnine.Iexpectyoutobeontime.Idonotintendtowaitforlatecomersorrepeatwhathas

alreadybeencoveredifyoumisstheexplanation.Donotarrivelateandinterruptyourneighbor:youmayaswell

notcomeifyoucan'tbeontime.

Attendanceisequallyimportant.Ifyoumissthreelabclasses,yournamewillberemovedfromtheclasslist,

I'mafraid.Noexcuses.Youcan'tcompletethecoursewithoutcompletinglabclass.

Safetyiskeyhere.Itisveryimportanttokeepthingsneatandclean,dressproperly,andbecareful.Youmay

noteat,drinkorsmokeinthelaboratoryandyoushouldalwayscleanthetabletopandwashyourhandsbefore

andaftertheclass.Longhairmustbetiedup.And,finally,anylaboratoryaccidentmustbereportedimmediately.

Ihopeyou'llenjoythelaboratory.It*sawonderfulplacebutalltheseinstructionsaretobestrictlyfollowed.

Wewillbegintodaybylearningaboutthemicrophone.

Questions:

14.Whoisthespeaker?

15.Whathappensifastudentmissesthreeclasses?

16.Whatshouldbedoneiflonghairisworn?

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Ithasstartedaweek-longpromotioncampaign.

B.Ilhasjustlauncheditsannualanniversarysales.

C.Itoffersregularweekendsalesalltheyearround.

D.Itspecializesinthesaleofmen'ssuits.

18.A.Priceadjustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchase.

B.Giftcardsforcustomerswithanypurchases.

C.Freedeliveryofpurchasesforseniorcustomers.

D.Pricereductionsforcustomersatanytime.

19.A.Mailagiftcardtoher.B.Allowhertobuyoncredit.

C.Creditittoheraccount.D.Givehercashdirectly.

20.A.Ithasalreadybeensoldout.B.Itwillbesenttothewomanbymail.

C.Itisnotavailableforthemoment.D.Itisoneoftheitemsonsale.

【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.D

【原文】

M:ThankyouforcallingFannydepartmentstore.HowcanIhelpyoutoday?

W:Hi.Iwasinyourstorethispastweekendandboughtafewitems.Yesterday,myfriendtoldmethattheannual

anniversarysaleshadbegun.SheboughtthesamesweaterasIdid,butforamuchlowerprice.

M:Yes.OuranniversarysalestartedonMonday.Wedoofferpriceadjustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchaseto

ensureourcustomersatisfaction.Yousaidyoudidthepurchaseherethispastweekend?

W:Yes.IwasshoppinginyourstorelastSundayafternoon.

M:Thatwoulddefinitelyfallwithinthepriceadjustmentwindow.Doyouhaveanaccountwithus?Wecancredit

youraccountdirectlywiththedifferenceifyouwish.Otherwisewecansendagiftcardbymailifyouprefer.

W:Creditingmyaccountwouldbewonderful.Thankyou.Nowthatyoumentionthere,sasalegoingon,I

rememberadressIquitelikewhenIwasintheshoponSunday.Isitonofferaswell?

M:Yes,ma'am.Allthenewarrivalsare15-20%off.

W:Thafsgoodnews.Thedressreallycaughtmyeye.

M:Ifyoulike,1cansetoneasideforyou.Ifyou'reabletocomethisafternoon,youcangiveyournametothe

salesmanagerandtheywillbeabletoassistyou.

Questions:

17.WhatcanwelearnaboutFannydepartmentstore?

18.WhichofthefollowingservicesdoesFannydepartmentstoreoffer?

19.Whatdoesthewomanwantthestoretodotoaddressthepricedifference?

20.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthedressthewomanisinterestedin?

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

FANGHUSHENGisabright,lively,82-year-oldwomanfromBeijing21islearningtousea

smart-phone...butit'sbeen22struggle."Technologyadvancessofast.Whatissupposedtomake

life23(easy)isnowcreatingproblemsforusoldpeople,"shesays.

Fanggrewupinasimplerage24youhadtoactuallyleaveyourhousetoshop,buyatrainticket

or25(make)adoctor'sappointment.Nowallofthesethingscanbedonewithasmart-phoneand,in

somecases,onlywithasmart-phone.RecentlyanelderlymaninDalianwasunabletotravelonthe

subway26hisQRhealthcodeneeded27(scan)toenterthesubway."WhatisaQRcode?"the

manasked.nIhavemoneytobuyaticket,whydoIneedasmart-phone?1'Intheend,heleftthestation,

28(feel)confusedandembarrassed.

Manyolderpeoplehavephysicalandhealthissues.Pooreyesightmakesreadingcharactersonsmallscreen

difficult.And"leatheryfingers0(itmeanstheirfingersarelesssensitive)make29hardtousetouch

screens.Perhapstheseareproblemsthatsmart-phonemakers_____30_____trytoresolve.

【參考答案】

21.who22.a23.easier24.when25.make

26.because27.tobescanned28.feeling29.it30.can

【語篇解讀】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述J'技術(shù)進步如此之快，給老年人帶來了麻煩。

【詳情解析】

22.【who】考查定語從句。句意:方互生是一位來自北京的82歲的聰明、活潑的老婦人，她

在學習使用智能手機……但這是一場斗爭。分析可知，設空處引導定語從句，先行詞是人，在從句中作

主語，應用關系代詞who引導。故填who。

22.[a]考查冠詞。句意同上。設空處修飾名詞struggle,可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)句意，此處泛指“一場斗爭”，應

用不定冠詞，且struggle以輔音音素開頭，應用a。故填a。

23.[easier]考查形容詞比較級。句意：“技術(shù)進步如此之快。本來應該讓生活更輕松的東西，現(xiàn)在卻給我

們老年人帶來了麻煩，”她說。設空處為賓語補足語，應用形容詞形式，根據(jù)句意可知，有比較之意，

應用比較級，故填easiero

24.[when]考查定語從句。句意：方成長在一個簡單的年代，在那個年代，你不得不離開家去購物、買

火車票或預約醫(yī)生。分析可知，設空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞age,在從句中作時間狀語，應用關

系副詞wherio故填when。

25.[make]考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。分析可知，設空處和動詞shop,buy并列都接在不定式to后面，

應用動詞原形。故填make。

26.[because]考查原因狀語從句。句意：最近，大連一位老人無法乘坐地鐵，因為需要掃描他的健康碼

才能進入地鐵。分析可知，設空處引導原因狀語從句，由句意可知，應用because引導。故填because。

27.[tobescanned]考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。動詞need后需要用不定式作賓語，并且不定式

的邏輯主語hisQRhealthcode,和不定式構(gòu)成被動關系，應用不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。故填tobescanned。

28.[feeling]考查非謂語動詞。句意：最后，他離開了車站，感到困惑和尷尬。設空處為狀語，和主語之

間是主動關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填feeling。

29.[it]考查代詞。句意：“粗糙的手指”（這意味著他們的手指不那么敏感）讓觸摸屏很難使用。設空處代

替后面的不定式作形式賓語，應用儲故填it。

30.[can]考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：或許這些都是智能手機制造商可以嘗試解決的問題。分析可知，設空處

后是動詞原形，所以推測設空處應用情態(tài)動詞，根據(jù)句意，應用can。故填can。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.generallyB.unnecessaryC.attitudesD.reluctantE.respectF.cause

G.incorrectlyH.sparklyI.communitiesJ.protectK.contributions

DuringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19,almosteveryoneinChinawearsamaskto31themselvesagainst

thevirus.However,manypeopleintheWestfeel32towearmasks,evenifthereisanincreasingnumber

oftheircompatriotsbeinginfected.AccordingtotheGlobalTimes,differentattitudestowardwearingmasks

largelylieinthecultures.IntheWest,whatpeople33believethatunlessoneisalreadyill,wearingamask

issimply34.

SivaKumarfromtheUSisoneofthem.uMaskscanonlyprotectyoufromparticulatematterintheairyou

breathe,buttheycan,tholdupmicrobes,"KumartoldChinaDaily.''Wearingamaskwhenyou'rehealthywill

35tensionforothers.^^

USinfectionpreventionspecialistEliPerencevichtoldForbes,Theaveragehealthypersonshouldn11be

wearingmasks.**Sheadded,“Iftheywearthem36itcanincreasetheriskofinfectionbecausethey're

touchingtheirfacesmoreoften.”

However,forpeopleinAsiancountrieslikeChina,wearingamaskisdeep-rootedintheirculture.Valuing

collectivism（集體主義）,peopleinAsiaalwayswanttomake37tothegroupsthattheybelongto.Insuch

uncertainandpotentiallydangeroustime,manypeoplehavetakentheirresponsibilitytowearmaskstoensurethe

safetyoftheir38.

ChenXinjie,amediaworkerinBeijing,said,Wearingthemaskforalongtimeishot,stuffy43熱的）and

uncomfortable...Butasamemberofthegroup,it'sourdutytodoso.

Influencedbysocialcultures,the39towardwearingamaskcanbedifferentintheEastandWest.But

asUSessayistRalphEmersononcesaid,“Wemusteach40othersevenaswerespectourselves.^^

【參考答案】

31.J32.D33.A34.B35.F36.G37.K38.I39.C40.E

【語篇解讀】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在疫情期間，東西方民眾對待戴口罩的態(tài)度不同。

【詳情解析】

31.【J】考查動詞。句意：在COVID-19爆發(fā)期間，中國幾乎每個人都戴著口罩，以保護自己免受病毒感

染。protect…against保護.免遭....。前面有不定式to,所以用動詞原形。故選J。

32.[D]考查形容詞。句意：然而，在西方，即使有越來越多的同胞被感染，很多人還是不愿意戴口罩。

be/feelreluctantto不情愿做某事。故選D。

33.【A】考查副詞。句意：在西方，人們普遍認為，除非一個人已經(jīng)病了，否則戴口罩是不必要的。修飾

動詞believe,用副詞形式。表示“通常，普遍地”，故選A。

34.【B】考查形容詞。句意：在西方，人們普遍認為，除非一個人已經(jīng)病了，否則戴口罩是不必要的。副

詞simply后接形容詞形式。表示“不必要的”，故選B。

35.1F1考查動詞。句意：健康的時候戴口罩會讓別人感到緊張。情態(tài)動詞will后接動詞原形?表示“引

起，造成“，故選F。

36.[G]考查副詞。句意：她補充說：“如果佩戴不當，會增加感染的風險，因為他們會更頻繁地接觸自

己的臉。''修飾動詞wear,用副詞形式。表示“不恰當?shù)亍保蔬xG。

37.【K】考查名詞。句意：亞洲人崇尚集體主義，總是希望為自己所屬的群體做出貢獻。makecontributions

to為……做貢獻。故選K。

38.[I]考查名詞。句意：在這種不確定和潛在危險的時刻，許多人都承擔起佩戴口罩的責任，

以確保社區(qū)安全。形容詞性物主代詞their后接名詞形式。表示“群體，團體”，故選I。

39.【C】考查名詞。句意:受到社會文化的影響，戴口罩的態(tài)度可能在東方和西方是不同的。attitudeto”……

的態(tài)度”。故選C。

40.【E】考查動詞。句意：我們必須在尊重自己的同時也尊重別人。情態(tài)動詞must后接動詞原形。表示“尊

重”，故選E。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillin

eachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

IsClimateChangeConsumingYourFavoriteFoods?

Astheincreasedamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,heatstress,longerdroughts（干旱）,andmore

intenserainfallslinkedtoglobalwarmingcontinuetoupsetourdailyweather,weoftenforgettheyalsoimpactthe

quantity,quality,andgrowing41ofourfood.Manyfoodshavealready42topspotsonthe

world's"endangeredfoods"list,indicatingtheirpossibilitytobecome43withinthenext30years.

Tostartwithwhatis44inmanypeople'sliveswearedisappointedtofindthatcoffeeplantationsin

SouthAmerica,Africa,Asia,andHawaiiareallbeingthreatenedbyrisingairtemperaturesandirregularrainfall

patterns,whichinvitediseaseto45thecoffeeplantandbeans.Theresult?Significant46in

coffeeoutput.

Andcoffee'sculinary（烹飪的）cousin,cacao（akachocolate）,isalsosufferingstressfromglobalwarming's

risingtemperatures.Butforchocolate,itisn'tthewarmerclimatealonethat'stheproblem.Cacaotreesactually

47warmerclimatesaslongasthatwarmthispairedwithhighhumidityandsufficientrain.48.

theproblemisthatthehighertemperaturesprojectedfortheworld'sleadingchocolate-producingcountriesarenot

expectedtobe49byanincreaseinrainfall.Thereforeashighertemperaturestakemoremoisturefrom

soilandplants,it's50thatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtomakeupfbrthisloss.

Anothernotablynutritiousplant,peanutgrowsbestwhenitgetsfivemonthsofcontinuouswarmweather

and20to40inchesofrain.Anything5Jandplantswon'tsurvive.Thatisn'tgoodnewswhenmost

climatemodelsagreethattheclimateofthefuturewillbeoneofthe52,includingdroughts.The

worldhasalreadycaughtaglimpseofpeanut'sfuturefatewhenlastyearaseriousdroughtacrossthe

peanut-growingSoutheasternU.Sledmanyplantstodie.Accordingtoafinancialreport,the53spells

（日寸期）causedpeanutpricestorisebyasmuchas40percent!

Finally,intheworldofsea,asairtemperaturesrise,oceansandwaterwaysabsorbsomeoftheheatand

undergowarmingoftheirown.Theresultisthe54infishpopulation.Warmerwatersalsoencourage

viciousmarinebacteria,likeVibrio,togrowandcauseillnessinhumans.Andthatsatisfying“crack“youget

wheneatingcrabcouldbe55asshellfishstruggletobuildtheircalciumcarbonate（碳酸鈣）shells,a

resultofoceanacidification.

41.A.attitudesB.choicesC.locationsD.resources

42.A.contributedB.earnedC.featuredD.reflected

43.A.amazingB.uniqueC.typicalD.scarce

44.A.necessaryB.luxuriousC.practicalD.original

45.A.defendB.robC.shockD.infect

46.A.increasesB.cutsC.changesD.failure

47.A.surviveB.preferC.admireD.encounter

48.A.MoreoverB.BycontrastC.HoweverD.Therefore

49.A.accompaniedB.influencedC.blockedD.doubled

50.A.unlikelyB.irrelevantC.inappropriateD.immeasurable

51.A.moreB.lessC.warmerD.colder

52.A.patternsB.depthsC.extremesD.ends

53.A.rainyB.shinyC.freezingD.dry

54.A.revolutionB.shrinkC.extinctionD.evolution

55.A.silencedB.heightenedC.changedD.minimized

【參考答案】

41.C42.B43.D44.A45.D46.B47.B48.C49.A50.A

51.B52.C53.D54.B55.A

【語篇解讀】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了全球變暖對我們食物的影響。

【詳情解析】

41.【C】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著大氣中二氧化碳含量的增加，熱壓力，更長時間的干旱，以及與

全球變暖有關的更強降雨繼續(xù)擾亂我們的日常天氣，我們常常忘記它們也影響我們食物的數(shù)量，質(zhì)量和

種植地點。A.attitudes態(tài)度；B.choices選擇；C.locations地點；位置；D.resources資源。由上文“theyalso

impactthequantity,quality,andgrowing”可知，大氣中二氧化碳含量的增加會影響我們的種植地點，故選

C。

42.[B]考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：許多食物已經(jīng)在世界“瀕危食物”名單上名列前茅，表明它們有可能在

未來30年內(nèi)變得稀缺。A.contributed捐贈;B.earned賺得；獲得：C.featured以.為特色;D.reflected

反映。由上下文“Manyfoodshavealready42topspotsontheworld's"endangeredfoods"list,“可知，

許多食物已經(jīng)在世界“瀕危食物”名單上占前幾名，所以此處表示“獲得前幾名“，故選B。

43.[D]考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多食物已經(jīng)在世界“瀕危食物”名單上名列前茅，表明它們有可能

在未來30年內(nèi)變得稀缺。A.amazing驚人的；B.unique獨一無二的；C.typical典型的；D.scarce缺乏

的：稀缺的。由上文“Manyfoodshavealready42topspotsontheworld's"endangeredfoods"list,“

可知，許多食物已經(jīng)在世界"瀕危食物'’名單上，所以這表明未來30年內(nèi)糧食會變得稀缺的，故選D。

44.[A]考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我們先從許多人的生活必需品說起，我們失望地發(fā)現(xiàn)，南美、非

洲和夏威夷的咖啡種植園，都受到氣溫上升和降雨模式不穩(wěn)定的威脅，這些因素會導致疾病感染咖啡樹

和咖啡豆。A.necessary必要的;B.luxurious奢侈的;C.practical實用的；D.original起初的。由下文“in

manypeople'slives”（在我們生活中）和下文“coffeeplantations”（咖啡種植園）可知，咖啡是許多人們生活的

必需品，故選A。

45.[D]考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我們先從許多人的生活必需品說起，我們失望地發(fā)現(xiàn)，南美、非洲

和夏威夷的咖啡種植園，都受到氣溫上升和降雨模式不穩(wěn)定的威脅，這些因素會導致疾病傳染咖啡樹和

咖啡豆。A.defend防御；B.rob搶劫；C.shock使震驚；D.infect傳染。由上下文“whichinvitediseaseto

45thecoffeeplantandbeans.“可知，一些疾病會傳染咖啡樹和咖啡豆，故選D。

46.【B】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大幅削減咖啡產(chǎn)量。A.increases增加;B.cuts削減;C.changes改變；

D.failure失敗。由上文“Theresult?”（結(jié)果是什么？）和空處前后“Significant46incoffeeoutpuf

可知，南美、非洲和夏威夷的咖啡種植園，都受到氣溫上升和降雨模式不穩(wěn)定的威脅，這些因素會導致

疾病傳染咖啡樹和咖啡豆，結(jié)果會造成咖啡產(chǎn)量削減，故選及

47.【B】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：可可樹實際上更喜歡溫暖的氣候，只要溫暖的氣候伴隨著高濕度和充

足的雨水。A.survive幸存；B.prefer更喜歡；C.admire欽佩；D.encounter偶遇。由下文“aslongasthat

warmthispairedwithhighhumidityandsufficientrain.”可知，可可樹更喜歡溫曖的氣候，故選B。

48.[C]考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，問題在于，預計全球主要巧克力生產(chǎn)國的氣溫上升，而降雨量

不會伴隨著增加。A.Moreover此外；而且；B.Bycontrast相比之下；C.However然而；D.Therefore

因此。由下文“theproblemisthatthehighertemperaturesprojectedforthewordsleadingchocolate-producing

countriesarenotexpectedtobe49byanincreaseinrainfall.”可知，止匕處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選Co

49.[A]考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，問題在于，預計全球主要巧克力生產(chǎn)國的氣溫上升，而降雨量

不會伴隨著增加。A.accompanied伴隨；陪伴；B.influenced影響；C.blocked阻擋；D.doubled使力口倍。

由上下文“theproblemisthatthehighertemperaturesprojectedfbrtheworld'sleadingchocolate-producing

countriesarenotexpectedtobe49byanincreaseinrainfall.“可知，全球主要巧克力生產(chǎn)國的氣溫

上升，而降雨量不會伴隨著增加。這是主要問題，故選A。

50.[A]考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，隨著溫度升高，土壤和植物吸收更多的水分，降雨量不太可

能增加到足以彌補這一損失。A.unlikely不可能的；B.irrelevant不相關的；C.inappropriate不合適的；

D.immeasurable不可估量的。由上文“thehighertemperaturesprojectedfbrtheworld'sleading

chocolate-producingcountriesarenotexpectedtobe49byanincreaseinrainfhlL"和下文“rainfhll

willincreaseenoughtomakeupforthisloss.”可知，全球主要巧克力生產(chǎn)國的氣溫上升，而降雨量不會伴

隨著增加，所以靠降雨量增加來彌補這一損失是不太可能的，故選A。

51.【B】考查形容詞比較級詞義辨析。句意：少于這個數(shù)量，植物就無法生存。A.more更多的；B.less

更少的；C.warmer更暖和的；D.colder更冷的。由上文“Anothernotablynutritiousplant,peanutgrowsbest

whenitgetsfivemonthsofcontinuouswannweatherand20to40inchesofrain.”（另一種極富營養(yǎng)的植物

—花生，在連續(xù)五個月的溫暖天氣和20到40英寸的降雨中生長得最好。）可知，此處以花生為例，說

明指物生長需要一定的降雨量，如果少于這個量，植物就無法生存，故選B“

52.【C】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這可不是什么好消息，因為大多數(shù)氣候模型都認為未來的氣候?qū)⑹菢O

端天氣，其中包括干旱。A.patterns模式；方式；B.depths深度；C.extremes極端；D.ends結(jié)尾。由下

文“includingdroughts”可知，此處指極端天氣，故選Co

53.[D]考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)一份財務報告，干早期導致花生價格上漲了40%!A.rainy

有雨的；B.shiny有光澤的；C.freezing極冷的；D.dry干的。由上文“Theworldhasalreadycaughtaglimpse

ofpeanut'sfuturefatewhenlastyearaseriousdroughtacrossthepeanut-growingSoutheasternU.Sledmany

plantstodie;（世界已經(jīng)看到了花生的未來命運，去年美國東南部發(fā)生嚴重干旱，這導致許多花生死亡。）

可知，去年美國東南部發(fā)生嚴重干旱，這導致許多花生死亡，所以可以推出，此處指干旱期導致花生價

格上漲，故選D。

54.【B】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果就是魚類數(shù)量的減少。A.revolution革命；B.shrink收縮；縮小；

C.extinction滅絕；D.evolution進化。由上文“Finally,intheworldofsea,asairtemperaturesrise,oceansand

waterwaysabsorbsomeoftheheatandundergowarmingoftheirown."（最后，在海洋的世界里，隨著氣溫上

升，海洋和水道吸收了一些熱量，自身也會遭遇變暖。）可知，海水變暖會導致魚類數(shù)量的減少，故選

Bo

55.[A]考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：吃螃蟹時那種令人滿足的“爆裂聲”可能會消失，因為貝類很難形成它

們的碳酸鈣殼，這是海洋酸化的結(jié)果。A.silenced使安靜；壓制；B.heightened提高；C.changed改變；

D.minimized使減少到最低限度。由下文“asshellfishstruggletobuildtheircalciumcarbonate（碳酸鈣）

shells,aresultofoceanacidification”可知，貝類很難形成它們的碳酸鈣殼，這是海洋酸化的結(jié)果，這會造

成人們吃螃蟹時不會出現(xiàn)那種令人滿足的“爆裂聲”，故選Ao

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfallowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccording

totheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

A

COVID-19hasgreatlyaffectedthelivesofpeopleacrosstheworld.Ithaschallengedandchanged

people'slifestyles.Ithasalsohelpedusthinkaboutourrelationshipswithothers.

Changingourlives

?COVID-19hasmadepeoplethinkharderabouttheirrelationshipwithnature.Ithasalsoraisedquestions

abouturbanlifestyles.Thesharingeconomy,workinginopenoffices,livingincrowdedapartmentsandthefood

industry^useofreusableproductshavemadetheperfectstormforapandemic.

?Althoughthesharingeconomymightbegood—it'scheapertorentthantoown—sharingspacesand

objectsaregreatwaystospreadthevirus.Howdoesonedo“socialdistancing^^whentheyareexpectedtoshare

cars,bikes,apartmentsandeventhesameoffices?

?Thetrendofusingopenoffices,whichcansavespace,isworkingagainstus.Inthistypeofoffice,workers

don'thavetheirowndesk—everythingisshar