考前沖刺階段22年09月apm習題帶練一二

12019SDQ1:Performancereport,EVA,Performancehierarchy,Valuechain1232021MJQ3:Performancepyramid2021SDQ2:Ethicalissue,EMA2342021SDQ3:BPR,bonus42019SDRequired:Itisnow1SeptemberWriteareporttothechiefexecutiveofficer(CEO)ofArkaigtorespondtohisinstructionsforworkonthefollowingareas:theperformancereportingatArkaig;(11theintroductionofeconomicvalueadded(EVA?);(15theinformationrequestedontheperformancehierarchy;(10thevalue ysispreparedbytheconsultant.(10Professionalmarkswillbeawardedfortheformat,styleandstructureofthediscussionofyouranswer.(4marks)(502019SD?Report2019SD?需要改寫Q1ThisreportwillThereportbeginsbyevaluating….Next,thereport…..Finally,the……Thereport ysesthe… Finally,…Thisreportaddressestheproblemsof 2019SDQ1(iPerformancereportSyllabusB5.ManagementEvaluatetheoutputreportsofaninformationsysteminthelightbestpracticeintheobjectivesoftheneedsofthereadersofthereport;avoidingtheproblemofinformationtheuseofpresentationtechniquessuchasdataThecurrentreporthasanumberofstrengthsandweaknesses.Thesewillbediscussedaccordingwhethertheaddressestheobjectivesofthecontainsappropriateinformationfordecision-making;iswell-2019SDQ1(iPerformancereport原文：TheaimofArkaigis‘to iseshareholderwealthbyprovidingworld-class,tailoredautomationsolutions,whichusetechnologyinnovatively,showimprovedmachinedowntimeandreducedenergyconsumptionforourcustomers.’Thisissupportedbyanentrepreneurialcultureamongallemployeeswhoshould‘treatthebusinessasiftheyownedit’.MissionTheprimaryaimofArkaigisto iseshareholderwealthbyprovidingsuitableproductsforitscustomers.Theseproductsshouldhaveanumberofqualities:beworld-usetechnologyshowimprovedmachinereduceenergyconsumptionfor2019SDQ1(iPerformancereport iseshareholder結(jié)構(gòu)：Thereisnodirectmeasurecurrentindicator(profitaftertaxandROCE)新indicator(EVA)beworld-class=>marketshare,customerTailored=>thecostofindividualdesignforeachinstallation,customerusetechnologyinnovatively=>numberof showimprovedmachinedowntime&reduceenergyconsumptionforcustomers=>requiresspecifictestingofeachproductline2019SDQ1(iPerformancereport目前的performanceindicatorforexample給出例 nningpurpose=>external、longterm、non-financialForcontrolpurpose=internal、mediumorshortterm、financial2019SDQ1(iPerformancereportClear，dataformatAccounts對bigchange2019SDMarkingscheme:Amortisation1MarketingcapitalisedResearchanddevelopmentcapitalised1Accountingdepreciation1TaxpaidLosttaxreliefoninterestCapitalemployed1(foropeningfigure)Researchanddevelopmentasset1Marketingspendcapitalisedandw/off1WACC1EVA2019SDTheoperatingprofitofArkaigwas$3,175m.ThisincludesadepreciationchargeofAmortisationchargesof$95mintheyearhavebeenincurred.Thecorporationtaxrateis25Taxof$694mwaspaidintheyear hasspent$90mthisyearandeachyearfortheprevious10yearsonlong-termbrandbuilding.利潤加90,CE加900Theeconomicdepreciationfortheyearisestimatedtobe$1,907m.Thisyearandeachyearfortheprevious10years,economicdepreciationhasincludeda$10mwrite-downofthevalueofbrandbuilding.CE中減去100Researchanddevelopmentexpenditureof$705mwasincurredintheperiodleadingtoaneconomicassetof$4,233mattheyearend.利潤加705，CE加4233-705=3528Interestpaidintheperiodwas$213m.2019SDAsaresult,theCEOisconsideringtheintroductionofeconomicvalueadded(EVATM)to returnoncapitalemployed(ROCE)asaprincipalperformancemeasure.TheCEOwantstopresentthisideaatthenextboardmeetingandsoneedsanillustrativecalculationofEVATMalongwithabrief nationofitsbenefitsasare cementforROCE.ThedatainAppendix2shouldbeusedfortheLink isingshareholderDecisionruleissimple=>EncouragesConsistentwithLinkto

LessdirectlinktoshareholderRequiresatargettocompare;DysfunctionalProfitbased2019SD)Therefore,hewantsyoutoprovidehimwithabriefdescriptionofthenatureoftherequiredforperformancemeasurementatthesethreedifferentlevelsandex inhowthisinformationisinfluencedbytheextentof nningandcontrollingactivityateachofthelevelsoftheperformancehierarchy.HewantsexampleswhichwouldberelevanttoArkaigtoillustratethesepointsinorderthatthepresentationismademoreconcreteforthedirectors.Hewillthenpreparetheslidesforthepresentationhimself. nationofthenatureoftheinformationImpact nningandcontrolling2019SD)?StrategicNatureofinformationDependsontheachievementofthestrategiesandoverallmissionoftheTheinformationwillbelong-termandexternallyEnsuresthatstrategicobjectivesandmissionareImpact nningandcontrollingInformationwillbeusedmainly nningratherthanSuchasforForBoardreportevaluatedInformationoncompetitorsandmarketsagainstwhichthe ’sperformancecanbe 2019SD)?TacticalNatureofinformationConcernedwithshortertermandmoredetailedMuchoftheinformationwillberelativelyshort-termandinternallyEnsureresourcesareusedefficientlyandImpact nningandcontrollingContaininformationtoaidsomeshort- nningbutwillfocusmoreonSuchasforsettingbudgetsandfor ForTheachievementofbudgetThesalesandmarketingdepartmentmightberequiredtoreportquarterlyonchangesintheorder2019SD)?OperationalNatureofinformationFocusesontheday-to-dayInformationismainlyinternal,detailedandtask-EnsuresthatspecifictasksareImpact nningandcontrollingInformationwillbeaimedtoassistoperationallevelincontrollingthebusinessinordertoachieveitsshort-term ns(weeklysalesormonthlyprofittargets).SuchasforroutinecontrollingandprogrammedForActualresultsofweeklysalesormonthly2019SDTheCEOwouldlikeyoutoassesstheperformancemanagementimplicationsofthecommentsonthecriticalareasidentifiedforGeneralpointsonvaluechainimplicationsandSpecificpointsrelatingtotheareasofconcernrelevantInboundOutboundAfter-salesHumanresource2019SDGeneralpointsonvaluechainimplicationsandThevaluechainisamodelofbusinessintegrationshowingthewaythatbusinessactivitiesorganisedandprimaryactivities=>seethevaluebeingsecondaryactivities=>supporttheprimaryInboundlogistics&Outboundlogistics=>oldwarehousinganddistributioninformationsystem=>allowbetterstockcontrol,reducedobsolescence,fasterdelivery,reducedcostsoftransportationAfter-salesservice=>failureofreliabilityofthebusiness’products,identifythatcustomers’attitudetoproduct,ben arkingfailurerates/machinedowntimeagainstcompetitorsHumanresourcemanagement=>importanttoachievingtheentrepreneurialculture,rewardsystem,shareownershiporashareoptionscheme,improvedprofitabilityandincreasedinnovation2019SDQ1Evaluateperformance2021S/DQ1,2021M/J2020MQ2(b),2018M/J2018M/JQ1(iii),2015J2021MJ-Itisnow1September inhowtheheadingsintheperformancepyramidlinktogethertoaid ysisoftheperformanceindicatorsusedinabusiness.(6Completethe ysisandevaluatetheoperationalperformanceindicatorsatHarray,usingtheheadingsanddatainAppendix1.Evaluatethereliabilityofnon-financialindicatorsasrequestedbytheCEO,usingtheoperationalperformanceindicatorsfrompart(b).Performancepyramid

(12(72021MJ-2021MJ-Offeredanex nationofthePPintermsofhowitlinksdriversofperformancethroughdifferentlayersoftheorganisationDemonstrateandexemplifyhowthisisthecasethroughdescribingthelinksandhowthismighthelpHarrayachieveinternalefficiency,externaleffectivenessand,ultima y,itscorporatevision.2021MJ-2021MJ-UseheadingsforeachoftheoperationalUndereachheadingperformthecalculationswheretherewasclearinformationintheappendixtodoso.Discusswhatthoseindicatorssignify.Forexample,‘wastewouldbeagoodthingforHarraytomeasureasitwouldfocustheentireproductiondepartmentoncontinuallyimprovingperformancetoattempttogettoascloseas100%aspossible.Bysoenhanceitsproductivity’.

ng,Harraywouldalsobeable CycletimeforworkingcapitalisbeingmeasuredbutthisshouldbedoneforallthesignificantprocessesinHarray.Theprocesseswhichhavebeenidentifiedsofararesettingupproductionlines,runningtheproductiononanorderanddeliveringtheorder.Measurementofproductioncycletimesislikelytobeparticularlyimportantinassessingtheefficiencyofsuchacost-consciousbusiness.Therearedataondeliverytime(3·4daysonaverage)andonproductiontime(2·2minutesperproductionline).Theseshouldappearinthepyramidofindicatorsiftheyaredeemedsufficiently2021MJ-2021MJ-TakeeachoperationalNFPIinturnanddiscusshowreliableitmightQuality,forexample,reliesuponthequalityinspector’scountoftherejectedkeyboards.Thequalityinspectormaynothavecountedaccura yand/or,possibly,mayhavemissedsomekeyboardswhichperhapsshouldhavebeenrejected.Theindicatorinitscurrentformatisthereforeunreliableandthereshouldeitherbeanautomatedwayofascertainingwhichkeyboardsshouldberejectedorsomeoneelseshouldworkwiththeproductionmanagertoensurethatthereissomeverificationofboththeinspector’sworkandthenumberofrejectedkeyboards.Cycletime,thedataareoftengoingtobenon-financial.Cycletimerequiresmeasuringhowlongprocessestake,forexample,thelengthoftimeittakesaproductionlinetoproduceakeyboard.ThesedataarewithinthecontrolofHarrayandthedatawillbeobtainedbyproductionrecordsandinterviewingthekey nel.However,theywillnotbesubjecttothecheckingandcontrolsoverfinancialdataand,therefore,maybemorepronetoerror.2021MJ-Q3Performancepyramid2018DQ22020S/DQ1,2018S2021SD-EthicalEnvironmentalmanagementaccounting2021SD-Marking1markperImpactofethicsonstrategyformulation–upto6marksImpactofethicsonbusinessperformance–upto6marksum102021SD-Q2(a)EthicalimpactonstrategyEthicalimpactonbusiness2021SD-Q2(aEthicalissueEthicalissueonstrategyExpectedbysociety,butnotconfidedinlaw-helpcreatelong-term,sustainablecompetitiveOnlyinvestsinethical -hardtoraisefinance,long-term,competitiveadvantageKayland’senvironmentregulation-allowthedischargeofdiluted intorivers,notpermittedinNotestimatedthecleaningupcosts-missioning,reducingprofit,damageStakeholder-boardhavedutytodevelopstrategybenefitshareholders,unethical=>reducelong-termshareholderwealth,reducingstaffjobsecuritybylessbusinessprofit.EthicalissueonbusinessReductioninfinancialperformance-damagereputationLowwages-localworkerunacceptablelowwages intorivers-damageshort-termperformance,increase ernmentpower,damagereputation,incurcostsandmanagementtime,riskoffinesandpenalties -damagelong-termperformance,damagereputation,finesand2021SD-Marking1markperpoint:Calculatingcosts–upto4marksInvestmentappraisal–upto4marksCalculations–upto2marksSettingmeasuresandtargets–upto4marksProductpricing–upto4marksum152021SD-Q2(bAdviceonhowEMAwillCalculatingInvestmentSettingperformancesandProduct2021SD-Q2(bEMA答題思路Calculatingcosts:成本分類-helptoidentifyhiddencost(cleaningcostcontingentcost(missioning數(shù)據(jù)獲取informationsystemtocapturenon-financialinformation,emission/pollutionvolume,environment-relatedcosts計算ABC,lifecycle,input/outflowclearunderstandingcost,morerealistic,moreusefulfornningbudget,meetthetarget成本-havetoinvestinInvestmentNPV-identifyenvironment-relatedcoststocalculateNPV,cleaningandmissioningcostsRelevantcost-environmentcostsmaydamagebusinessprofits,lowornegativeNPV,notgeneratelong-termshareholderwealthRe-calculateNPV-cleaningcost90,missioningandcleaningcostsasa%oftheestimatedNPV40%,50% ce-NPVsame,Jhaslowrisks,ifnottakeintoaccountthemissioningandcleancostschooseK2021SD-Q2(bEMASettingperformancemeasuresandCSR-rangeofstakeholdersawarenessenvironmentPerformancetarget-bothfinanceandnon-Performancemeasure-internalandexternal,short-termandlong-ProductHelpsettingpriceofK-lifecyclecoverallcosts,makeacceptablemargin,improvelong-termEnvironment-relatedcosts-predictingcostsaffectedbyinflation,changeofcostofChargeapremiumpricetocustomer-minimumharmto2021SD-Q2Ethical2018SEnvironmentalmanagementaccounting(EMA)2016SDQ3(c),2014SDQ32021SD-Businessprocessre-engineeredBonus2021SD-Q3(a)MarkingDefinitionofBPR–1mark1markperrelevantpoint:StrategicfocusoncostsBeingbestdeliveryEngagedandcommittedworkisationofshareholdervalueum152021SD-Q3(aBPRBPR iseshareholderStrategicfocusonBeingthebestEngagedandcommitted2021SD-Q3(a)BPRBPR-fundamentalrethinkingandredesignofbusinessprocesstoachievethedramaticallyimprovementincriticalareasofperformance,suchasquality,customersatisfaction,costcontrol.izeshareholderFocusone,satisfiedwithcustomer,createvaluefortheStrategicfocusonSavecostsofmanualentreparcelsinformation-usingbarcodes,reducingpaperwork,savingtime,moreaccurateandrealtimedeliveryinformation,costsavinginalong-termSavecostsofnoreturntoPattackpremises,vehicleDeliveriesbysamedrivers-savestaffcostsnoneeddifferenttypeofSavecostsofdamagecustomerrelationship-automaticallyandaccuratedeliver,reduce 2021SD-Q3(aBPRBestOntimedelivery-barcode,moreefficiencyandaccurate,choicethebestrout nfordriver,enhanceKnowdeliverscheduleinadvance-enhancedriver’sresponsibility,arrangetime,makeontimedelivery,enhancecustomersatisfactionVehicletrackingdevice-managevehiclemoreefficient,torespondanyReceiptusingdigitalhandhelddevice-auditeveryorder,enhanceretail’strustandCurrentprocessisoutdated-timeconsuming,inaccurate,delayAdoptingBPR-improveprocessefficiency,realtime,accurate,financialperformance,relationship,EngagedandcommittedTurncomputeroperatorsintobarcodingsystem-workingprocessmoreefficiency,long-termcostEmployeemultipleskills-reducinglabourcosts,improveefficiencyandflexibilityofprocess,effectonstaffmorale,redundant,resistant,effectivecommnunication,retrainingcostEmpowerment-stafftakemoreresponsibilitytomakedecision.Enhancetrustandfaith,