閱讀理解專題-推理判斷題(同名5644)

閱讀理解專題--推理判斷題推斷題類型：1.推斷隱含意義2.推斷作者觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度3.推斷寫作目的4.推斷文章出處5.推斷上下文內(nèi)容一．如何推斷隱含意義1.Questionforms:Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.Fromthetextweknowthat…ismostlikely.Whenthewritertalksabout…,whatthewriterreallymeansis.Thewritersuggeststhat.Thestoryimpliesthat.Wecaninfer[conclude]fromthepassagethat.這類題干中通常含有infer,suggest,imply,conclude等標(biāo)志性詞語。2.技巧點(diǎn)撥1).全面分析2).忠實(shí)原文3).不要選擇表層信息3.Practice:=1\*GB3①Didyoueverhearastrangesoundcomingfromthewall?Diditsoundlikeaclock?Ifso,itmayhavebeenmadebyabeetle.Longagopeoplethoughtthetickingmeantthatsomeonewasabouttodie.Thusthebeetleiscalled"thedeathwatchbeetle."（1分鐘）●Thesoundofthisbeetle________.A.pleasedpeopleB.surprisedpeopleC.frightenedpeople.D.excitedpeople.=2\*GB3②SeveraldifferentbisonspecieshavelivedontheNorthAmericancontinentsincetheIceAge;todayonlytwoexist.Thewoodbisonisthelargerofthetwo,andisnowfoundmostlyinwesternCanada.BetterknownintheUnitedStatesisthePlainsbison,orbuffalo.Atonetime,herdsoftheseanimalscouldbesighedalmosteverywherefromtheAppalachianMountainsintheEasttotheRockyMountainsintheWest.●Theauthorimpliesthatseveraltypesofbison______.A.liveoutsidetheUnitedStatedandCanadaB.arewelladaptedtoswampyterrainC.existedbeforetheIceAgeD.havebeenkilledorhavediedout=3\*GB3③Itisfuntoturnoverabigrockonthebeach.Makesureyouturntherockbacktothepositionitwasinafteryoumovedit.Ifyoudon’tturnitbackover,alltheseaanimalsunderitorclingingto（依附）theundersidewilldie.●Thepassageimpliesthatrocks________.A.hurtseaanimalsB.protectseaanimalsC.won’tbefoundonbeachesD.can’tbefoundonbeaches二、如何推斷作者觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度：說明文中作者的態(tài)度:objectiveneutral(中立的）；在議論文中，有：(1)positive(積極的)(2)negative(3)neutral(中立的)(4)approval(5)disapproval(6)indifferentsarcastic(諷刺的)(8)critical批評(píng)的(9)optimistic(10)pessimistic1.Questionforms:Thewriter’sattitudetoward…is______.Thewriterthoughtthat______.Accordingtotheauthor______.2.技巧點(diǎn)撥注意作者表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞及所舉的例子，才能推斷出作者的弦外之音。=1\*GB3①Therewasatimewhensomepeople’slivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivationofthelandorthecareofcattle.Nomulti-taskingthere;theirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpace,andinafamiliarpattern.Thereismuchthatwemightenvyaboutawayoflifelikethis.Yetbeforewedoso,wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestorsfaced;theyfarmedwithbarehands,oftenlivedclosetohunger,andhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone.Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence.●Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthemoderntechnology?A.CriticalB.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Negative.=2\*GB3②Justascryingcanbehealthy,notcrying—holdingbacktearsofanger,painorsuffering—canbebadforphysical(身體的)health.Studieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressure,heartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblem,doctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecrying,don’tfightit.It’sanatural—andhealthy—emotionalresponse(反應(yīng)).●Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers.B.Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems.C.Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry.D.Wemustcryifwewanttoreducepressure.=3\*GB3③Aroundtheworldmoreandmorepeoplearetakingpartindangeroussportsandactivities.Ofcourse,therehavealwaysbeenpeoplewhohavelookedforadventure---thosewhohaveclimbedthehighestmountains,traveledintounknownpartsoftheworldorsailedinsmallboatsacrossthegreatestoceans.Now,however,therearepeoplewholookforanimmediateexcitementfromariskyactivity,whichmayonlylastafewminutesorevenseconds.Iwouldconsiderbungeejumping（蹦極跳）tobeagoodexampleofsuchanactivity.Youjumpfromahighplace(perhapsabridgeorahotairballoon)200metersabovethegroundwithanelastic（有彈性的）ropetiedtoyourankles.Youfallatupto150kilometersanhouruntiltheropestopsyoufromhittingtheground.Itissaidthatabout2millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavenowtriedbungeejumping.Otheractivitieswhichmostpeoplewouldsayasriskyasbungeejumpingincludejumpingfromtallbuildingsanddivingintotheseafromthetopofhighcliffs.

Whydopeopletakepartinsuchactivitiesasthese?Somepsychologists（心理學(xué)家）suggestthatitisbecauselifeinmodernsocietieshasbecomesafeandboring.Notverylongago,people'sliveswereconstantlyindanger.Theyhadtogooutandhuntforfood,diseasescouldnoteasilybecuredandlifewasacontinuousbattleforsurvival（生存）.

Nowadays,accordingtomanypeople,lifeofferslittleexcitement.Theyliveandworkincomparativelysafeconditions;theybuyfoodinshops;andtherearedoctorsandhospitalstolookafterthemiftheybecomeill.Theanswerforsomeofthesepeopleistolookfordangerinactivitiessuchasbungeejumping.●Thewriterofthetexthasa____attitude（態(tài)度）towardsdangeroussports.

belt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.●Thistextistakenfrom_____.A.amedicalmagazineB.apolicereportC.anadvertisement（廣告）D.agovernmentinformationbooklet=3\*GB3③Don’twanderaimlesslythroughlife.Getconfusedonyourgoals,starthelpingothersinneed,andlivelifetothefullest!Lifeistooshorttobeanythingbuthappy.Visitmyblogandfindwhatyou’vebeenmissing.Sighupformynewsletterandgetsevenfreeebooks,too!Readhundredsofarticleswhileyou’rethereinthearticlesection,whichisupdateddaily.●Thistextmustbetakenfrom___________AaradioprogramB.awebsiteC.anewspaperD.aTVprogram五．推斷上下文內(nèi)容

1.Questionforms:Thenextparagraphwouldmostprobablydealwith_______Theparagraphprecedingthisonewouldmostlikelydiscuss______.2.解題技巧推測下文的內(nèi)容：根據(jù)作者的思路進(jìn)行推理推測上文的內(nèi)容：關(guān)注第一段，特別是文段開始的幾句話。Whenearlyhumanshuntedandgatheredfood,theywerenotincontroloftheirenvironment.Theycouldonlyinteractwiththeirsurroundingsaslowerorganismsdid.Whenhumanslearnedtomakefire,however,theybecamecapableofalteringtheirenvironment.Toprovidethemselveswithfueltheystrippedbarkfromtrees,causingthetreestodie.Clearingswereburnedinforeststoincreasethegrowthofgrassandtoprovideagreatergrazingareaforthewildanimalsthathumansfedupon.Thisdevelopmentledtofarmingandthedomesticationofanimals.Firealsoprovidedthemeansforcookingplantswhichhadpreviouslybeeninedible.Onlywhentheprocessofmeetingthebasicneedforfoodreachedacertainlevelofsophisticationwasitpossibleforhumanstofollowotherpursuitssuchasthefoundingofcities.（3分鐘）●Theparagraphfollowingthispassagewouldmostlikelybeabout____________.A.fireB.huntingC.farmingD.urbanization（城市化）總結(jié)1.推斷隱含意義,必須吃透相關(guān)文段的意思。2.推斷作者的寫作意圖，應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)注主題句,同時(shí)把握文章的體裁也可以推斷作者的寫作目的。3.推斷作者的觀點(diǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)全面理解文章的內(nèi)容及文章的中心思想。4.推斷下文的內(nèi)容，必須特別關(guān)注最后一段的內(nèi)容,尤其是最后的兩三句話。Assignments:1.Onedayamanwalkedapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches（蟑螂）andtwospiders（蜘蛛）.”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well，”repliedtheman，“I’mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseinexactlythesameconditionasIfoundit.”●Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintotheapartment,itwas______.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsects2.Althoughherdiseasehasaffectedhereyesightandforcedhertothesidelinesofthedancefloor，sherefusestofallintoself-pity.“Everybodyonearthcanask，‘whyme？’aboutsomethingorother，”sheinsists.“Itdoesn’tdoanygood.Nooneisimmune(免疫的)toheartachepain，anddisappointments.Sometimeswecanmakethingsbetterbyhelpingothers.I’vecometorealizetheimportanceofthatasI’vegrownupthissecondtime.IwanttospeakoutandbeashelpfulasIcanbe.”●Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.Maryfeelspityforherself.B.Maryhasrecoveredfromherdisease.C.Marywantstohelpothersasmuchaspossible.D．Marydeterminestogobacktothedancefloor.3.Thenthepeoplerealizedwhatwashappening.Itwasthefrog.Theyhadn’tbeenuseless.Theyhadbeendoinganimportantjob---eatinginsects.Nowwithsomanyfrogskilled,theinsectswereincreasingmorerapidly.Theyweredamagingthecropsandspreadingdiseases.Now,thepeoplearestillpoor.Butintheeveningstheysitinthevillagesquareandlistentosoundsofinsectsandfrogs.Thesesoundsofthenightnowhaveamuchdeepermeaning.●Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentenceofthetext?A.HappinesscomesfrompeacefullifeinthecountryB.Healthismoreimportantthanmone