定語從句講解及專項訓(xùn)練- 高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法教學(xué)案PAGE4PAGE專題一：定語從句定語從句的句法功能及相關(guān)定義功能Whatisthefunctionoftheunderlinedwords?1)Theblackbikeismine.2)What’syourname?[來源:學(xué)§科§網(wǎng)Z§X§X§K]3)Theymadesomepaperflowers.4)TheboysintheroomareinClassThree,GradeOne.5)Ihavelotstoeatanddrink.6)Iwilltellyoumyteachingplan.7)ThetallboywhoisstandingthereisPeter.位置Underlinetheattributiveclauseinthefollowingsentences.1）InourClass5,thereisaboycalledSamwhoisasuperEnglishlearner.2）AngelawasworkinginBeijing,whereshewentdailyinabus.3）AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.先行詞Combinethetwosentencestogetherbyusingattributiveclause.eg.Thelovelygirloftenhelpstheoldlady.Shelivesnextdoortoourschool.→→Ihavevisitedthehouse.AndersenwroteTheEmperor’sNewClothesinthehouse.→→關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞作用：①引導(dǎo)定語從句；②代替先行詞；③在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。TherecomeJerryandMichael________helpeduspaythefeesontheinternet.TheyrushedintoClass5tohelpSherlock________Englishisverypoor.Thebook________Anneneedsisnotinthelibrary.定語從句的核心考點(diǎn)確定關(guān)系詞Doyouknowthemanistalkingwithourheadmaster?2)Thefriendwemetinthelibrarycanhelpyouwiththeproblem.3)Heownsastoreopens24hours.4)The

classroom

door

is

broken

will

soon

be

repaired.5)IwillneverforgetthedayIfirstcametoschool.只能用that

不用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況IsthereanythingIcandohere?2)ThisistheverypresentIamlookingforwardto.3)Thisisthehottestsummerwehavehadinthirtyyears.4)Thesecondbookhewrotewasnotaspopularasthefirstone.5)HetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolshehadvisitedinBritain.6)

is

the

man

that

is

standing

by

the

gate?3.用which而不用that的情況1)Theearth,whichmovesroundthesun,isaplanet.2)YifengistheplaceinwhichIwasborn.3)Theclockisthatwhichcantellusthetime.4)HereistheEnglishgrammarwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.

4.who與that的區(qū)分1)Therearestudentsinourclasswho/whomyouhavemet.2)Thosewhowanttogotherecomehereplease.Anyonewhoisagainstusisourenemy.3)Whoiswomanthatyoutalkedwithjustnow?4)Themanthat,who,whomyoumetjustnowiscalledJim.

5.whose的先行詞可以是“人”，也可以是“物”，在從句中代替定語。1）Thestudentwhosepronunciationisthebestinourclasshasenteredforthecompetition.2）Shementionedabookwhosetitlehasslippedmymemory.→Shementionedabookthetitleofwhichslippedmymemory.6.as引導(dǎo)的定語從句1)Letchildrenreadsuchbookswillmakethembetterandwiser.2)Ihavemetwiththesameproblemyouhave.3)Hesucceededinpassingtheexam,asIhadexpected./AsIhadexpected,hesucceededinpassingtheexam.4)Tom

was

late

for

school

again

and

again,

made

his

teacher

very

angry.

is

known

to

all,

China

is

a

developing

country.

ThisisthesamebagIlostyesterday.這個書包和我昨天丟失的相似。

6)ThisisthesamebagIlostyesterday.這正是我昨天丟失的書包。關(guān)系副詞Iwillneverforgettheday______Imethim.=Iwillneverforgetthedays________Imethim.2）Isthisthehouse______youlived?=Isthisthehouse__________youlived?3）Please

tell

me

the

reason

you

missed

the

plane.=Wedon’tknowthereason______theydidn’tcome.Hehadtofacetheconditionspressurewasheavy.Iwillshowyouthepointyoufail.必須注意的問題ThestudentswhoinGrade3aregoingtoclimbthehill.I,whoyourbestfriend,willdoeverythingforyou.Tomisoneoftheboystudentsinourclasswhooftenlate.Tomisthe(only)oneoftheboystudentsinourclasswhooftenlate.It?is?this?street?_______I?happened?to?meet?him.?It?is?in?this?street?_______I?happened?to?meet?him.???Was?it?in?the?cinema?_______Smith?met?you?_______you?saw?the?film?IwillforevercherishthetimeIwontheprizeintheNationalMathsCompetition.IhavenoideahewontheprizeintheNationalMathsCompetition.ThenewsMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.Thenewshetoldmeyesterdayistrue.Thebookyoujustlaidontheshelfismine.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which/whom)”引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。The

school

(which

/

that)

he

once

studied

in

is

very

famous.The

school

in

which

he

once

studied

is

very

famous.

他曾經(jīng)就讀過的學(xué)校很出名。Payattentionto：①.含有介詞的短語動詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面。如：look

for,

look

after,

take

care

of

等。This

is

the

watch

(which

/

that)

I

am

looking

for.

(正)

這是我正在找的手表。This

is

the

watch

for

which

I

am

looking

.

(誤)②.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時只可用whom，不可用who,

that；關(guān)系代詞指物時只可用which，不可用that。關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose。The

man

with

whom

you

talked

just

now

is

my

neighbour.

(正)

你剛才跟他談話的那個人是我的鄰居。The

man

with

that

/

who

you

talked

just

now

is

my

neighbour.

(誤)③名詞/代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)”some/several/afew/alittle/many/more/most/thelargest…ofwhich/whomHerearethequestions,someofwhichIthoughtdifficultforyou.④關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定依據(jù)從句中的習(xí)慣搭配來確定Iboughtagreatmanybooks,onwhichIspentallmymoneythatIsaved.依據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定IshallneverforgetthetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountry.依據(jù)表達(dá)的意思來確定Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.單句語法填空1.Air,______webreatheeveryday,isaroundusallthetime.

2.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,madealltheothersunhappy.3.Theschool____Istudiedforonlythreeyearswastwokilometersaway.4.Inhislife,hehasalwaystriedtohelpthose____arelessfortunatethanhimself.5.JuliawasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_______shespokefluently.6.Alltheapples______felldownfromthetreewereeatenupbythepigs.7.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______(finish)thehomeworkalready.8.Soyoung，______wasdirectedbyZhaowei,wasthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.9.Theonemillionpeopleofthecity,thoughtlittleofthesestrangeevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.10.Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.11.ThisisthereasonIwanttoaskforaleave．12.Theprizewillgotothewriterstoryshowsthemostimagination.13.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersonto______shecouldturnforhelp.14.Heisamanofgreatknowledge,frommuchcanbelearned.15.Thisistheveryplace______I’mwishingtolive.16.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething______wassomeoneelse’sfault.一、高考真題和模擬題1.Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarket______peoplefromthetownmetregularly.2.I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver______arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.3.Peopleshouldnotdothings______willdisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.4.Theexactyear______AngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.5.Pleasesendusalltheinformation______youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.6.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto______hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes,theywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.7.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,______madeherfeellikeastar.8.Nick’sguests,______hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysalemorecheaplyiftheycould.9.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeachwewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.10.Oncetherelivedarichman___wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.11.Theyalsoboughtawheelchairforten-year-oldTanJun,_________suffersfromabrainproblem.12.Oneday,asIwaswalkingthroughalocalmarket,aten-year-oldboycameoverandbeggedmetobuyabook,hadthewords"InterestingIndia"onitscover.13.ChiatoCoffee,________operatesinPudongLibrary,beganofferingsuspendedcoffeelastTuesday.14.Themanabout______youtoldmetheotherdayturnedouttobeathief.15.Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors,mostof_______arebeyondourcontrol.二、使用正確的引導(dǎo)詞填空。1． a.I’llneverforgetthedayswestudiedtogether.b.I’llneverforgetthedayswespenttogether.2．a(chǎn).Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsshownlastweek.b.Thisistheonly/veryoneofthemostinterestingfilmsshownlastweek.3．a(chǎn).Hehastwosons,arecollegestudents.b.Hehastwosons,andarecollegestudents.4．Galileocollectedfactsprovedtheearthandalltheotherplanetsmovedaroundthesun.5. a.Hestilllivesintheroomwindowfacestotheeast.b.Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindowfacestotheeast.c.Hestilllivesintheroomisinthenorthofthecity.d.Hestilllivesintheroomthereisabeautifultable.6． a.Isthismuseumtheyvisitedlastmonth?7． a.Itwaseleveno’clocktheywentoutofthecinema.b.Itwasateleveno’clocktheywentoutofthecinema.單句改錯A級1.ThisisthemuseumwhereIoncevisited.2.Thepencilwiththatheiswritingishis.3.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedinlastyear.4.ThefirstbookwhichIr