河北省唐山市樂亭縣新寨中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

河北省唐山市樂亭縣新寨中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.

Shehadlongexpectedachancetostudyabroad,andatlastshegot_____.

A.it

B.that

C.another

D.one參考答案：D2.Maryiswillingtomakefriendswith__________sharesthesamehobbiesandinterestswithher.A.anyone

B.whomever

C.whoever

D.nomatterwho參考答案：C3.Toherdisappointment,whatshehaddevotedherselfto_______innothingbutfailure.A．resulting

B．results

C．hasresulted

D．resulted參考答案：D4.【小題1】Tuesday

A.excuse

B.difficult

C.adjust

D.square【小題2】Chinese

A.begin

B.appreciate

C.basement D.enemy【小題3】houses A.nurses B.horses C.pulses D.causes【小題4】school A.wood B.stood C.food

D.blood【小題5】official A.concert B.musician C.success D.physical參考答案：ABDCB5.HeidiHankinshas______IQof159andhasbecomeoneof_______youngestmembersofMensa.A.the;不填

B.an;the

C.a;the

D.an;an參考答案：B略6.Thepropertiesofthemetalare_____________ifwearetousethemetalinengineering．

A．studied

B．studying

C．tostudy

D．tobestudied參考答案：D7.Themeeting________inthehalltomorrowisaboutenvironmentprotection．

A．isbeingheld

B．tobeheld

C．held

D．beingheld參考答案：B考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意為“明天在大廳里舉行的會(huì)議是關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)的。”動(dòng)詞不定式表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,根據(jù)句意可知，明天在大廳里舉行的會(huì)議是……．故B是答案。非謂語是歷屆高考考查重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)。05湖南卷、06四川卷、06江西卷、07全國卷（I）及08高考北京卷、09遼寧卷、湖南卷、山東卷、天津卷、江蘇卷等多處對此做了考查。【教學(xué)啟示】主語和分詞動(dòng)作構(gòu)成的是"主謂關(guān)系"，是"主動(dòng)態(tài)"；或是在形式上是分詞動(dòng)作的主語，在這種情況下，主語和分詞動(dòng)作構(gòu)成的是"動(dòng)賓關(guān)系"，是"被動(dòng)態(tài)"?？傊衷~的主語必須與句子的主語一致，或是同一個(gè)人或是同一件事。8.--Iwon'tgotoNewYorkwithyou.It'stoocoldthere.

--_______changeyourmind,givemeacall.

A.Mightyou

B.Shouldyou

C.Mustyou

D.Wouldyou參考答案：B9.Enteringtheroom,shefoundayoungladydressedinred_________onthesofabesidethewindow.

A.seated

B.seating

C.sat

D.sit參考答案：A略10.WiththenuclearcrisisworseninginIran,theworld'sattentionisfixedagainon______is

calledtheMiddleEastA.which

B.that

C.what

D.it參考答案：C30.Canadaisacountry________manydifferentnationalitiesaswellasonewithforeignimmigrants__________themajorityofitspopulation.

A.makingupof;occupiedwith

B.consistingof;makingup

C.madeupof;consistingof

D.consistedof;takingup參考答案：B略12.—HaveyouseenthefilmWherearewegoing，Dad?—Yes，Ihave．Iheardthatitwasinfivedays_________itwasmade．A．that

B．when

C．which

D．where參考答案：A13.Somestudentsthinkthatcheatinginexamsisnotsuchabadthingiftheycan________it.Butit’scompletelywrong.A.getangrywith

B.getfamiliarwith

C.getawaywith

D.getalongwith參考答案：C14.Youwill_______yourhealthifyouworksohard，eatalittlefoodandsleepbadly．A．fail

B．improve

C．help

D．endanger參考答案：D15.Don’tbesodiscouraged.Ifyou______suchfeelings,youwilldobetternexttime.A.carryon

B.getback

C.breakdown

D.putaway參考答案：D略16.Ifeelgreatlyhonored____intotheirsociety.A.towelcome

B.welcomingC.tobewelcomed

D.welcomed參考答案：

C解析：

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。我是被歡迎的，所以用tobewelcomed。17.Mrs.Brownisso____aboutherhouseworkthatfewservantswanttoworkforher.A.particular

B.neat

C.skillful

D.special參考答案：A略18.Atnotimeandundernocircumstances______thefirsttousenuclearweapons(武器).A.Chinawillbe

B.willChinabeC.Chinahasbeen

D.hasChinabeen參考答案：B考查倒裝。否定詞（短語）置于句首時(shí)，句子要部分倒裝。atnotime無論何時(shí)都不，絕不。undernocircumstances絕不。19.Who______yourcatwhenyouareaway?

A.looksfor

B.looksat

C.looksafter

D.looksup參考答案：C二、完型填空20.Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The___16___isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof___17___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe___18___athrowawaysociety?Firstofall,itisnoweasierto___19___anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.___20___modernmanufacturingandtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland___21___.Anothercauseisour___22___ofdisposable(一次性的)products.As___23___people,wearealwayslookingfor___24___tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies___25___thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso___26___totheproblem.Weare___27___buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat___28___isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe___29___usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe___30___ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To___31___theamountofrubbishandtoprotectthe___32___,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.___33___,thisisnotenoughtosolve(解決)ourproblem.Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions___34___throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout___35___.Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.16.A.key

B.problem

C.project

D.reason17.A.rubbish

B.debt

C.gifts

D.products18.A.face

B.observe

C.become

D.change19.A.withdraw

B.control

C.hide

D.replace20.A.Thanksto

B.Asto

C.Exceptfor

D.Regardlessof21.A.funny

B.cheap

C.safe

D.powerful22.A.division

B.lack

C.prevention

D.love23.A.sensitive

B.brave

C.busy

D.kind24.A.places

B.ways

C.jobs

D.friends25.A.produce

B.receive

C.donate

D.preserve26.A.contributes

B.returns

C.responds

D.adapts27.A.tiredof

B.worriedabout

C.addictedto

D.ashamedfor28.A.higher

B.newer

C.stronger

D.larger29.A.throwaway

B.payfor

C.holdonto

D.pickup30.A.advantages

B.purposes

C.functions

D.consequences31.A.show

B.record

C.decrease

D.measure32.A.technology

B.brands

C.consumers

D.environment33.A.However

B.Otherwise

C.Therefore

D.Meanwhile34.A.by

B.insteadof

C.infavourof

D.after35.A.collecting

B.repairing

C.spending

D.advertising參考答案：16.B

17.A

18.C

19.D

20.A

21.B

22.D

23.C

24.B

25.A

26.A

27.C

28.B

29.A

30.D

31.C

32.D

33.A

34.B

35.C【分析】本文是一篇議論文，介紹了堆積如山的垃圾給環(huán)境帶來的威脅。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們傾向于扔掉用舊物，用新物品取而代之。包裝盒等一次性產(chǎn)品給人們帶來方便的同時(shí)，也給環(huán)境帶來很大的壓力。文章建議人們養(yǎng)成循環(huán)利用的習(xí)慣，以此來減少垃圾的產(chǎn)生并減輕環(huán)境的壓力?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.key答案；B.problem問題；C.project項(xiàng)目；D.reason原因。根據(jù)第二行“theworldhavegrowingmountainsof___2___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.可知，出現(xiàn)的問題是垃圾堆積如山，故選B.【17題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.rubbish垃圾；B.debt債務(wù)；C.gifts禮物；D.products產(chǎn)品。此處指因?yàn)槿藗儸F(xiàn)在扔掉很多垃圾，因此垃圾堆積成了山，故選A.【18題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.face面對；B.observe觀察，慶祝；C.become變成，成為；D.change改變。根據(jù)“firstofall”可知下文講的是亂扔垃圾的原因，此處指我們是怎樣變成了一個(gè)廢品社會(huì)，表示“變成”，故選C.【19題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.withdraw撤退，收回；B.control控制；C.hide躲藏；D.replace更換，代替。此處指對于一件物品，花時(shí)間和錢去修理相比，買新的代替更容易。指更換舊物品，故選D.【20題詳解】考查短語辨析。A.Thanksto多虧；B.Asto至于；C.Exceptfor除了；D.Regardlessof不管。句意：多虧了當(dāng)代制造業(yè)和技術(shù)，公司能夠更快地生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，成本也降低很多。表示“多虧”，故選A.【21題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.funny有趣的；B.cheap便宜的；C.safe安全的；D.powerful強(qiáng)大的。根據(jù)inexpensively可知，成本降低的話，產(chǎn)品價(jià)格相對也會(huì)便宜，故選B.【22題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.division部門，分配；B.lack缺乏；C.prevention預(yù)防，阻止；D.love鐘愛。根據(jù)savetimeandmakeourliveseasier可知，造成垃圾如山的另一個(gè)原因是人們對一次性產(chǎn)品的鐘愛，一次性產(chǎn)品能夠節(jié)省時(shí)間，使生活更容易。表示“鐘愛”故選D.【23題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.sensitive敏感的；B.brave勇敢的；C.busy忙碌的；D.kind和藹的。根據(jù)wearealwayslookingfor___9___tosavetime可知，人們總是在節(jié)省時(shí)間，說明人們很忙碌，故選C.【24題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.places地點(diǎn)；B.ways方法；C.jobs工作；D.friends朋友。此處指尋找節(jié)省時(shí)間的方法，awaytodosth.做某事的方法，是固定搭配，故選B.【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.produce生產(chǎn)；B.receive收到；C.donate捐獻(xiàn)；D.preserve保存。此處指為了迎合人們的需要，企業(yè)生產(chǎn)大量的各種一次性產(chǎn)品，故選A.【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.contributes貢獻(xiàn)，有助于；B.returns返回，歸還；C.responds回應(yīng)；D.adapts適應(yīng)。根據(jù)句意可知，人們對新產(chǎn)品的欲望促成了這一問題，表示“促成，有助于”是contributeto，故選A.【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A.tiredof厭煩；B.worriedabout擔(dān)心；C.addictedto沉迷于；D.ashamedfor感到羞愧。根據(jù)appetite可知，人們癡迷于購買新產(chǎn)品，故選C.【28題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.higher更高的；B.newer更新的；C.stronger更強(qiáng)的；D.larger更大的。根據(jù)句意可知，廣告使人們相信新的更好，擁有最新產(chǎn)品會(huì)讓人高興。故選B.【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A.throwaway扔掉；B.payfor償還；C.holdonto抓緊；D.pickup撿起。此處指人們?nèi)拥糇约旱奈锲穪頌樾碌尿v地方，故選A.【30題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.advantages優(yōu)勢；B.purposes目的；C.functions功能；D.consequences后果。根據(jù)下句Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.可知，這是亂扔垃圾的后果，表示“后果”，故選D.【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.show顯示，展示；B.record記錄；C.decrease減少；D.measure測量。句意：越來越多的政府要求人們循環(huán)使用物品，這樣做是為了減少垃圾。表示“減少”，故選C.【32題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.technology技術(shù)；B.brands品牌；C.consumers消費(fèi)者；D.environment環(huán)境。要求人們循環(huán)利用物品也是為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，指“保護(hù)環(huán)境”，故選D.【33題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.However然而；B.Otherwise否則；C.Therefore因此；D.Meanwhile同時(shí)。句意：然而，只是要求人們循環(huán)利用是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選A.【34題詳解】考查介詞辨析。A.by通過；B.insteadof代替，而不是；C.infavourof支持；D.after在……之后。此處指我們需要修理我們的財(cái)物，而不是扔掉它們。表示“而不是”故選B.【35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.collecting收集；B.repairing修理；C.spending花費(fèi)，度過；D.advertising做廣告。句意：我們也需要重新考慮對修理的態(tài)度，根據(jù)下句Repairingourpossessions可知答案，故選C.【點(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。例如，小題1根據(jù)第二行“theworldhavegrowingmountainsof___2___becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.可知，出現(xiàn)的問題是垃圾堆積如山，故選problem.小題6根據(jù)inexpensively可知，成本降低的話，產(chǎn)品價(jià)格相對也會(huì)便宜，故選cheap.小題7根據(jù)savetimeandmakeourliveseasier可知，造成垃圾如山的另一個(gè)原因是人們對一次性產(chǎn)品的鐘愛，一次性產(chǎn)品能夠節(jié)省時(shí)間，使生活更容易。表示“鐘愛”故選love.小題8根據(jù)wearealwayslookingfor___9___tosavetime可知，人們總是在節(jié)省時(shí)間，說明人們很忙碌，故選busy.21.完形填空Recently,oneofmybestfriends,whomI'vesharedjustabouteverythingwithsincethefirstdayofkindergarten,spenttheweekendwithme.SinceImovedtoanewtownseveralyearsago,we'vebothalwayslookedforwardtothefewtimesayearwhenwecanseeeachother.Overthe___11___,wespenthoursandhours,stayinguplateintothenight,talkingaboutthepeopleshewas___12___aroundwith.Shestartedtellingmestoriesabouthernewboyfriend,abouthowheexperimentedwith___13___andwasintoother___14___behavior.Iwasblownaway!Shetoldmehowshehadbeen___15___toherparentsaboutwhereshewasgoingandevensneakingouttoseethisguybecausetheydidn'twantheraroundhim.NomatterhowhardItriedtotellherthatshe___16___better,shedidn'tbelieveme.Herself-respectseemedtohavedisappeared.Itriedto___17___herthatshewasruiningherfutureandheadingforbigtrouble.IfeltlikeIwasgetting___18___.Ijustcouldn'tbelievethatshereallythoughtitwasacceptabletohangwithabunchoflosers,especiallyherboyfriend.Bythetimesheleft,Iwasreallyworriedaboutherand___19___bytheexperience.Ithadbeensofrustrating,Ihadcome___20___totellingherseveraltimesduringtheweekendthatmaybewehadjustgrowntoofaraparttocontinueourfriendship-butIdidn't.Iputthepoweroffriendshiptotheultimatetest.We'dbeenfriendsforfartoolong.Thechancewasthatshe___21___meenoughtoknowthatIwastryingtosaveherfromhurtingherself.Iwantedtobelievethatourfriendshipcould___22___anything.Afewdayslater,shecalledtosaythatshehadthoughtlongandhardaboutour___23___,andthenshetoldmethatshehad___24___withherboyfriend.Ijustlistenedontheotherendofthephonewithtearsofjoyrunningdownmyface.Itwasoneofthetruly___25___momentsinmylife.NeverhadIbeensoproudofafriend.11.A.weekend

B.months

C.years

D.days12.A.working

B.fallinginlove

C.hanging

D.keepingintouch13.A.books

B.girls

C.friends

D.drugs14.A.self-destructiveB.self-respecting

C.self-confident

D.self-defensive15.A.explaining

B.reasoning

C.declaring

D.lying16.A.did

B.deserved

C.had

D.got17.A.told

B.convince

C.force

D.warn18.A.somewhere

B.everywhere

C.nowhere

D.anywhere19.A.exhausted

B.surprised

C.satisfied

D.terrified20.A.almost

B.nearly

C.close

D.over21.A.thought

B.remembered

C.valued

D.hated22.A.mean

B.conquer

C.tell

D.prove23.A.friendship

B.relationship

C.quarrel

D.conversation24.A.brokeaway

B.brokedown

C.brokeup

D.brokeout25.A.demanding

B.challenging

C.frustrating

D.rewarding參考答案：11—15ACDAD

16---20BBCAC

21---25CBDCD三、閱讀理解22.(原創(chuàng),文章選自中國日報(bào))WASHINGTON:AnanalysisofglobaltemperaturesbyindependentstatisticiansshowstheEarthisstillwarmingandnotcoolingassomeglobalwarmingskepticsareclaiming.TheanalysiswasconductedattherequestofTheAssociatedPresstoinvestigatethelegitimacyoftalkofacoolingtrendthathasbeenspreadingontheInternet,fueledbysomenewsreports,anewbookandtemperaturesthathavebeencoolerinafewrecentyears.Inshort,itisnottrue,accordingtothestatisticianswhocontributedtotheanalysis.Thestatisticians,reviewingtwosetsoftemperaturedata,foundnotrendoffallingtemperaturesovertime.USgovernmentdatashowthedecadethatendsinDecemberwillbethewarmestin130yearsofrecord-keeping,and2005wasthehottestyearrecorded.ThecasethattheEarthmightbecoolingpartlystemsfromrecentweather.Lastyearwascoolerthanpreviousyears.Ithasbeenawhilesincethesuperhotyearsof1998and2005.Soisthisalongerclimatetrendorjustweather'snormalupsanddowns?Inablindtest,theAPgavetemperaturedatatofourindependentstatisticiansandaskedthemtolookfortrends,withouttellingthemwhatthenumbersrepresented.Theexpertsfoundnotruetemperaturedeclinesovertime."Ifyoulookatthedataandsortofcherry-pickamicrotrendwithinabiggertrend,thattechniqueisparticularlysuspect,"saidJohnGrego,aprofessorofstatisticsattheUniversityofSouthCarolina.Yettheideathatthingsarecoolinghasbeenrepeatedinopinioncolumns,aBBCnewsstorypostedontheDrudgeReportandinanewbookbytheauthorsofthebest-sellerFreakonomics.Lastweek,apollbythePewResearchCenterfoundthatonly57percentofAmericansnowbelievethereisstrongscientificevidenceforglobalwarming,downfrom77percentin2006.

41.Thefirstparagraphservesasa(n)_______.A.explanation

B.introduction

C.comment

D.background42.Accordingtothepassage,thehottestyearin130yearsofrecord-keepingis_____.A.1998

B.2005

C.2006

D.201043.Howmanyfactorsleadtotheideathattheearthiscooling?A.2

B.3

C.4

D.544.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.fiveindependentstatisticiansweregiventemperaturedatatolookfortrendsB.moreandmoreAmericansnowbelievethereisstrongscientificevidenceforglobalwarmingC.TheanalysisofglobaltemperatureswasrequiredbytheindependentstatisticiansD.Theearthisnotbecomingcoolerassomepeopleareclaimingontheinternet參考答案：41--44

BBBD略23.MarthaGraham,bornin1894,wasoneofthemostfamousdancersandcreatorsofdance,whoseinfluenceondancehasbeencomparedwiththeinfluencePicassohadonthemodernvisualarts,Stravinskyhadonmusic,orFrankLloydWrighthadonarchitecture.Shecreatedalmosttwohundreddancepieces.SheisoftencalledtheMotherofModernDance.Earlierinherlife,however,Marthadidnotknowthatshewouldbecomeadancer.Atthattime,thedancerswerelookeddownon.SoMartha'sparentsdidn'tapproveofherdesiretodanceatthebeginning.Until1916,shebeganherstudiesatthenewlycreatedDenishawnSchoolofDancingandRelatedArts,foundedbyRuthSt.DenisandTedShawn,whereGrahamworkedveryhardtoimproveherabilitytodancebecauseshewasconsideredtoooldtobegindancing.In1936,Grahammadeherdefiningwork,"Chronicle^,whichsignaledthebeginningofanewerainmoderndance.Thedancebroughtseriousissuestothestageforthegeneralpublicinadramaticmanner.InfluencedbytheWallStreetCrashof1929,theGreatDepressionthatfollowed,andtheSpanishCivilWar,itfocusedondepressionandisolation,reflectedinthedarknatureofboththesetandcostumes.Grahamcontinuedtodancepasttheageofseventy.Onceagain,shewasmetwithcriticismfrompeoplewhocametowatchhershows.Butshedidn'tgiveup.Herlastcompletedballetwas1990'sMapleLeafRag."ADancer'sWorld"isan