2020年高考真題-英語（北京卷）含答案

學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精2020年高考真題——英語（北京卷）含答案絕密★本科目考試啟用前2020年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語本試卷共12頁，共120分?？荚嚂r長100分鐘.考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回.第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AOliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood。Hesaysfood1（play）abigroleinhislife?！盡ymumwasagreatcook，andshe’dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid。ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou’re2(luck）enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking，askthem3youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.BSingle-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey4(throw)away。Ittakesthemhundredsofyears5(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantropseacreatures，suchasturtlesanddolphins。Overtime，thebagsfallapart6countlesstinypieces,andfishcamaccidentallyeatsomeofthem。Now，lotsof7(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.CApieceofstone8(find）onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals，wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals9（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears，beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago。Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans，butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere10（smart）thantheNeanderthals。However，thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise。第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意,從每題所給的4、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑.Myfaithinhumannaturehasneverbeensogreatasitwaslastweekendafterourfamilyget—togetherinthetownofVailOnSaturday，weallwenttothemarketrightinthemiddleofthetown。Neartheend,weall11atthefountainnearthebridge,andthekidswaded（蹚水）aroundinthefountainuntilwe12Thisisoneofthebusiestwalkingstreets.Afterwereturnedtothehotellateintheafternoon,my7-year—oldsonPonder13thatnowherecouldhefindhisbackpack，which14hisGameboyandhiswatch.Afterathorough15wedeterminedthathemusthaveleftitatthefountain。Ponderhasnever16anything。Sowejusttakeforgrantedthatheneedsnosupervision（指導）formanaginghis17.Hewasupset,notabouttheGameboy，butaboutthewatch."ButDad，”hesaid,throughmassive18?！眛heydon’tmakethatkindofwatchanymore。"Wewereallvery19。Ourdinnerreservationwasatarestaurantjustontheothersideofthebridge,soI20himthatwewouldnotonlysearchtheareaaroundthefountainwhenwewentbackfordinner，butwewouldalsofindthepoliceandaskthemifthebackpackhadbeen21.Asweexitedfromtheparkinggarage,wecouldseethefountainaswewalkeddownthelongstaircase.Isawsomethingblack22there，butitwasrightnexttoawomanstandingbythefountain,soIcouldnot23whatitwasorifitwashers."Seeit，Dad？”Pondershouted."Don’tgettoo24becausethatmaynotbeit，"Isaid。Butthatwasit.Ithadbeenfiveorsixhourssinceweleftthefountain,anditwas25there.TherewasnoIDinit，anditlookedlikesomeonehadlookedthroughitandthensetitrightoutwhereallcould26it。Iliterally27whenwereacheditanditwashis!Everyoneinourpartywasblownawaybythis"miracle（奇跡）”。Inmywildest28。Iwouldneverhaveimaginedthatthiscouldhappennowadays。Whatacharmedlife，eh?Ibelievethiswasaperfect29forachildinlosingsomethingimportant…toloseitandfeelthefull30ofthatloss,andthentomiraculouslygetitback。（）11.A.droveB.hikedC。metD.united(）12。A.landedB.leftC。settledD.slept（）13.A.respondedB。recognizedC。realisedD.recalled（)14。A。containedB.combinedC.comprisedD。covered（）15。A。preparationB。checkupC.revisionD。search（）16.A.wastedB.lostC.soughD.deserted（)17。A.emotionB。timeC。moneyD.stuff()18。A。tearsB.fistsC.reliefsD.outbreaks（)19。A。hesitantB.curiousC.sadD。eager（）20.A。promisedB。informedC。warnedD。taught（）21。A。wornoutB。caughtupC。putavaD。turnedin（）22。A.hidingB.sittingC。swingingD。flowing（）23。A.assessB。declareC。tellD.predict（）24。A.excitedB。puzzledC。relaxedD。amused（）25.A.alreadyB。evenC。almostD。still（)26。A。takeB。seeC.touchD。protect（）27。A.panickedB。explodedC。collapsedD.cried()28。A。dreamsB.claimsC。effortsD。passions（）29。A.modeB.lessonC。optionD。plot（）30.A。rangeB.pressureC。weightD.harvest第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，40分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ALancomisaworldwidelanguagelearningappandaleaderintheonlinelanguagelearningindustrywithmillionsofactivesubscribers。Wehouseabroadrangeofexpertsunitedbythecommongoalofcreatingthebestlanguagelearningtoolspossible.WithadvicefromAIspecialists，artdesignersandcultureresearchers，ourmulti—languageexpertsendow（賦予）Lancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldoflanguageleaning.Ourcourses，totalling20，000hoursofcontentin20differentlanguages,guaranteeyoulanguageskillsyoucanuserightaway。AtthecoreofLancomisaworld—classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.Examplesanddialoguesarerecordedwithrealnativespeakersinsteadofautomaticcomputers。Lancomtrainsyourbraintolearnefficiently，soyouabsorbmoreinformationwhileintheappandcontinueleaningoutsideofit。Theappmakesourpracticallanguagelessonsavailablewhereverandwhenever。Weworkdirectlyforourleaners，notforanythirdparty.Andit'sallsupportedbyanefficientcustomerserviceteam,availablethroughtelephone，emailandonlinechat.Millionsoflearnershavetheirownstoriesandtheirownreasonsforlearninganewlanguage.Lancomcaresaboutyouandaddressesyourindividuallearningtype。Lancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyournativelanguage，buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.Ourcontentisaboutreal—lifetopicsthatarerelevantbecauseweknowwhatmatterstoyouiswhatsticksbest。Youwill，finditveryrewardingtolearnwithLancom.ChooseYourSubscriptionandGetStarted1month3months6months12months$12。95/m＄8。95/m$7。45/m＄6。95/mBuywithconfidence：21-daymoneybackguarantee!Ifyouaren’tsatisfied,justwritetoCustomerServicewithin21days。Contact＆Support：customerservice＠lancom。com31。WhocanprovideLancomwithahugepotentialforinnovationinlearning?（）A.Cultureresearchers。B.AIspecialists。C。Languageexperts。D。Artdesigners。32.WhatliesatthecoreoftheLancomapp？(）A.Aflexiblesystem.B。Aneffectivemethod。C。Thebrain-trainingtechnique。D。Theinformativecontent。33。Lancomclaimsthatitisuniqueinits___________。（）A。personalisedcoursesB。multiplelanguagesC.pricingpolicyD。serviceteamBBaggyhasbecomethefirstdogintheUK—andpotentiallytheworld—tojointhefightagainstairpollutionbyrecordingpollutantlevelsneartheground。Baggywearsapollutionmonitoronhercollarsoshecantakedatameasurementsclosetotheground。Hermonitorhasshownthatairpollutionlevelsarehigherclosertogroundlevel,whichhashelpedhighlightconcernsthatbabiesandyoungkidsmaybeathigherriskofdevelopinglungproblems。Conventionalairpollutionmonitorsarenormallyfixedonlamppostsataboutninefeetintheair。However,sinceBaggystandsataboutthesameheightasachildinapushchair（嬰兒車）,shefrequentlyrecordspollutionlevelswhicharemuchhigherthanthedatagatheredbytheEnvironmentAgency。ThedoggydataresearchwastheideaofBaggy’s13-vea-oldownerTomHuntandhisdadMatt.TheEnglishyoungsternoticedthatpollutionlevelsarearoundtwo—thirdshigherclosetothegroundthantheyareintheairattheheightwheretheyarerecordedbytheagency。Tomhassincereportedtheshockingfindingstothegovernmentinanattempttoemphasisethatbabiesareathigherriskofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）.MattHuntsaidhewas”veryproud”ofhissonbecause“whentheboygetsanidea，hekeepshisheaddownandgetsonwithit，andhereallydoeswanttodosomegoodandstopyoungkidsfromgettingasthma。"“Tombuiltupapassionforenvironmentalprotectionataveryearlyage,"Mattadded.“Hebecameveryinterestedingadgets（小裝置）。Aboutoneyearago，hegotthisnewpieceoftechwhichislikeatesttube.OneSundayafternoon，wewentouttodosomemonitoring,andhesaid，whydon’tweputitonBaggy’scollarandlethermonitorthepollution?'Sowedidit.”Tomsaid,"Mostofthetime,Baggyisjustlikeanyotherdog.Butfortherestofthetimesheisasuperdog,andweareallreallyproudofher。"34.Withamonitoronhercollar,Baggycan____________.()A。takepollutantreadingsB。recordpollutantlevelsC。processcollecteddataD.reduceairpollution35.WhatcanwelearnfromtheBaggydata?（）A。Highplacesarefreeofairpollution。B.Higherpushchairsaremoreriskyforkids。C.Conventionalmonitorsaremorereliable.D.Airismorepollutedclosertotheground。36。WhatisTom’spurposeofdoingtheresearch？（)A。Towanofahealthrisk.B.Tofindoutpollutionsources。C。Totesthisnewmonitor.D。ToproveBaggy'sabilities.37。Accordingtothepassage，whichwordcanbestdescribeTomHunt?（）A。Modest.B。Generous.C.Creative.D.Outgoing。CForthepastfiveyears,PaulaSmith，ahistorianofscience，hasdevotedherselftore—creatinglong—forgottentechniques。Whiledoingresearchforhernewbook,shecameacrossa16th-centuryFrenchmanuscript（手稿）consistingofnearly1，000setsofinstructions，coveringsubjectsfromtoolmakingtofindingthebestsand.Theauthor’sintentionremainsasmysterious（神秘）ashisname;hemayhavebeensimplytakingnotesforhisownrecords.ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn’ttrulygraspanyoftheskillstheauthordescribed.”Yousimplycan’tgetanunderstandingofthathandworkbyreadingaboutit，"shesays。ThoughSmithdidgetherhandsonthebestsand，doingthingstheold—fashionedwayisn’tjustaboutplayingaroundwithFrenchmud。Reconstructingtheworkofthecraftsmen（工匠）wholivedcenturiesagocanrevealhowtheyviewedtheworld,whatobjectsfilledtheirhomes,andwhatwentonintheworkshopsthatproducedthem。Itcanevenhelpsolvepresent—dayproblems：In2015，scientistsdiscoveredthata10th—centuryEnglishmedicineforeveproblemscouldkilladrug-resistantvirus.Theworkhasalsobroughtinsightsformuseums，Smithsays.Onemustknowhowonobjectwasmadeinordertopreserveit.What’smore,reconstructionsmightbetheonlywaytoknowwhattreasureslookedlikebeforetimeworethemdown。ScholarshaveseenthisideainpracticewithancientGreekandRomanstatues。Thesesculptureswerepaintedarainbowofstrikingcolours。Wecan’tappreciatethesekindsofdetailswithoutseeingworksofartastheyoriginallyappeared—somethingSmithbelievesyoucandoonlywhenyouhavearoadmap.Smithhasputthemanuscript'sideasintopractice。Herfinalgoalistolinktheworldsofartandsciencebacktogether：Shebelievesthatbringingtheoldrecipestolifecanhelpdevelopakindoflearningthathighlightsexperimentation，teamwork,andproblemsolving。Backwhenscience—thencalled“thenewphilosophy”-tookshape,academicslookedtocraftsmenforhelpinunderstandingthenaturalworld。Microscopesandtelescopeswereinventedbywayofartistictinkering(修補），ascraftsmenexperimentedwithglasstobetterbendlight。Ifwecanrediscoverthevaluesofhands-onexperienceandcraftwork,Smithsays,wecanmarrythebestofourmoderninsightswiththehandinessofourancestors。38。HowdidSmith，feelafterreadingtheFrenchmanuscript?（)A.Confusedaboutthetechnicalterms。B。Impressedwithitsdetailedinstructions.C。Discouragedbyitscomplexstructure。D。Shockedforherownlackofhandskills.39.AccordingtoSmith，thereconstructionworkisdonemainlyto_____________.（)A。restoreoldworkshopsB。understandthecraftsmenC。improvevisualeffectsD。inspirethephilosophers40.Whydoestheauthormentionmuseums？（)A。Torevealthebeautyofancientobjects.B.Topresentthefindingsofoldscience。C。Tohighlighttheimportanceofantiques.D.Toemphasisethevaluesofhandskills.41.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage？(）A.CraftsmenSettheTrendsforArtistsB.CraftsmanshipLeadstoNewTheoriesC。CraftsmanshipMakesBetterScientistsD.CraftsmenReshapetheFutureofScienceDCertainformsofAIareindeedbecomingubiquitous.Forexample,algorithms（算法）carryouthugevolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets，self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets，andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageintoanother。Thesesystemsaresometimesfasterandmoreperceptivethanwehumansare.Butsofarthatisonlytrueforthespecifictasksforwhichthesystemshavebeendesigned。ThatissomethingthatsomeAIdevelopersarenoweagertochange.Someoftoday’sAIpioneerswanttomoveonfromtoday’sworldof“weak"or“narrow"AI，tocreate“strong”or“full”AI,orwhatisoftencalledartificialgeneralintelligence（AGI）.Insomerespects,today’spowerfulcomputingmachinesalreadymakeourbrainslookweak。AGIcould,itsadvocatessay，workforusaroundtheclock,anddrawingonallavailabledata，couldsuggestsolutionstomanyproblems.DM，acompanyfocusedonthedevelopmentofAGI,hasanambitionto“solveintelligence”.“Ifwe’resuccessful,”theirmissionstatementreads，“webelievethiswillbeoneofthemostimportantandwidelybeneficialscientificadvancesevermade.”SincetheearlydaysofAI,imaginationhasoutpacedwhatispossibleorevenprobable。In1965,animaginativemathematiciancalledIrvingGoodpredictedtheeventualcreationofan"ultra—intelligentmachine…thatcanfarsurpassalltheintellectual(智力的）activitiesofanyman，howeverclever.”Goodwentontosuggestthat“thefirstultra—intelligentmachine”couldbe“thelastinventionthatmanneedevermake?！盕earsabouttheappearanceofbad,powerful，man-madeintelligentmachineshavebeenreinforced（強化）bymanyworksoffiction—MaryShelley’sFrankensteinandtheTerminatorfilmseries,forexample。ButifAIdoeseventuallyprovetobeourdownfall，itisunlikelytobeatthehandsofhuman-shapedformslikethese，withrecognisablyhumanmotivationssuchasaggression（敵對行為）.Instead,IagreewithOxfordUniversityphilosopherNickBostrom，whobelievesthattheheaThepromiseanddangeroftrueAGIaregreat。Butalloftoday'sexciteddiscussionaboutthesepossibilitiespresupposesthefactthatwewillbeabletobuildthesesystems。And，havingspokentomanyoftheworld'sforemostAIresearchers，IbelievethereisgoodreasontodoubtthatwewillseeAGIanytimesoon,ifever:42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous"inParagraphIprobablymean？（)A。Enormousinquantity。B.Changeabledaily.C。Stableinquality.D.Presenteverywhere.43。WhatcouldAGIdoforus，accordingtoitssupporters?（）A。Helptotackleproblems.B.Makebrainsmoreactive。C。Benefitambitiouspeople。D。Setuppowerfuldatabases。44.AsforIrvingGood'sopiniononultra-intelligentmachines,theauthoris____________.(）A.supportiveB。disapprovingC。fearfulD.uncertain45.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAGIfromthepassage？（）A.Itmaybeonlyadream。B.Itwillcomeintobeingsoon.C.Itwillbecontrolledbyhumans.D.Itmaybemoredangerousthanever.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Manypeoplethinkthatpositivethinkingismostlyaboutkeepingone'sheadinthesandandignoringdailyproblems，tryingtolookoptimistic。Inrealityithasmoretodowiththewayanindividualtalkstohimself.Self-talkisaconstantstreamofthoughtsofaperson，whoisoftenunawareanduncertainofsomeevents,phenomena,people,oreventhepersonhimself。46Meanwhile，positivethinkingcanhelptostopnegativeself-talksandstarttoformapositiveviewonanissue.Peoplewhoregularlypractisepositivethinkingtendtosolveproblemsmoreeffectively。Theyarelessexposedtostresscausedbyexternalfactors。Theytendtobelieveinthemselvesandinwhattheydo。47Peoplewhothinkpositivelydemonstrateincreasedlifespans（壽命），lowerratesofdepressionandanxiety，betterphysicalandpsychologicalhealth，reducedrisksofdeathfromheartproblems.Positivethinkingalsocontributestoone'sabilitytodealwithproblemsandhardships。48Forexample,researchershavefoundthatinthecaseofacrisisaccompaniedbystrongemotions，suchasanaturaldisaster,positivethinkingcanprovideasortofbuffer（緩沖作用)againstdepressionandanxiety。Resilient（適應性強的)peoplewhothinkpositivelytendtotreateveryproblemasachallenge,achanceforimprovementofanykind,orasanopportunityforpersonalgrowth.Pessimists，onthecontrary，tendtoperceiveproblemsasasourceofadditionalstress.49Inconclusion,positivethinkingisapowerfulandeffectivetoolfordealingwithhardtimesandimprovingthequalityofone’slife.Itdoesn’thaveanythingtodowithignorantoptimismwhenanindividualrefusestonoticeaproblem.50Thinkinginapositive，self-encouragingwaybringsaboutmanybenefitstoone'sphysicalandmentalhealth.A。Itdoesn’tcauseanysevereemotionaldiscomfort,either.B.Negativeself-talkdamagesself-confidenceanddecreasesself-respect。C.Ithelpsonetoremainclear—headedandconfidentindifficultsituations.D.Positivethinkinghasseveralbeneficialeffectsonthebodyandthemind。E。Asthinkingchanges，anindividual'sbehaviourandhabitschangeaswell。F。Theyoftenofferarealalternativetothecommonandregularwayofthinking。G.Theyoftenfeeldiscouragedlongbeforetryingtosolvetheproblem，evenifsmall。第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié),35分）第一節(jié)(15分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你們學校英語戲劇俱樂部外籍指導教師Jim因疫情滯留英國。復學在即，作為俱樂部負責人，你給Jim寫一封電子郵件，請他推薦一名外籍指導教師，內(nèi)容包括：1.條件及要求；2。表示感謝并提醒注意防護。注意：1。詞數(shù)不少于50;2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù).DearJim，___________________________________________________________________________________