語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破第十節(jié)

第十節(jié) 并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句本節(jié)目錄語(yǔ)法精講考點(diǎn)整合語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練知能闖關(guān)語(yǔ)法精講考點(diǎn)整合考點(diǎn)一并列句并列句由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上并列而又獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成。在并列句中，這些簡(jiǎn)單句由并列連詞連在一起。常用的并列句如下：1．表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：用來(lái)表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的并列連詞有and，notonly...but

also...，neither...nor...，not...but...等。He

had

plenty

of

money

and

he

spent

it

freely.他有足夠的錢(qián)，可以隨便花。Not

only

did

he

speak

more

correctly，but

also

he

spokemore

easily.

他不僅說(shuō)得更正確，而且說(shuō)得更輕松。表選擇關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有or

，either...or...，otherwise等。Either

you

are

right，or

I

am.要么你對(duì)，要么我對(duì)。

Don’t

drive

so

fast

or/otherwise

you’ll

have

an

accident.不要開(kāi)那么快，否則你會(huì)出事的。表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有but，yet，whereas，while等。Jane

said

she

was

ill，yet

I

saw

her

in

the

street

just

now.簡(jiǎn)說(shuō)她病了，但剛才我在街上看到了她。Some

men

are

rich，while/whereas

others

are

poor.一些人很富有但其他人很貧窮。表因果關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有so，for。It

must

have

rained

last

night

for

it

is

wet

all

over.昨晚一定下雨了，到處都這么濕。The

shops

were

closed

so

I

didn’t

get

any

milk.商店都關(guān)門(mén)了，所以我沒(méi)買(mǎi)到牛奶。when還可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于and

at

this/that

time。常用于下列句式：①sb.wasdoingsth.when...②sb.was

about

to/going

to

do/on

the

pointof

doing

sth.when...③sb.had

just

done

sth.when...。We

were

having

a

meeting

when

someone

broke

in.我們正在開(kāi)會(huì)，這時(shí)突然有人闖了進(jìn)來(lái)。We

were

about

to

set

off

when

it

suddenly

began

to

rain.我們正打算動(dòng)身，突然下起了雨。6．while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對(duì)比。

He

likes

pop

music，while

I

am

fond

of

folk

music.他喜歡流行音樂(lè)，而我喜歡民間音樂(lè)?！镜淅?/p>

(2012·高考四川卷)At

school，some

students

areactive

some

are

shy，yet

they

can

be

good

friendswith

one

another.A．whileC．so【解析】B．a(chǎn)lthoughD．a(chǎn)s選A。本題考查連詞。句意：在學(xué)校里，一些學(xué)生是活躍的，而一些學(xué)生是靦腆的，然而他們彼此之間可以成為好朋友。some

students

are

active與some

are

shy為對(duì)比關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)，while可以連接并列分句，表對(duì)比?！疽族e(cuò)剖析】本題容易誤選D，將后半部分理解成了讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，讓步狀語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是上下文的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，重在轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容，而本句子重在前后兩句的對(duì)比。觸類(lèi)旁通1

．(2013·

安徽鳳陽(yáng)藝榮高考輔導(dǎo)學(xué)校第一次月考)Smile

，

youwill

findlifewill

smileat

you.A．tillC．a(chǎn)ndB．soD．or解析：選C。句意：“(對(duì)生活)微笑，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)生活也會(huì)對(duì)你微笑”。前后文是并列關(guān)系。2．(2013·北京市門(mén)頭溝育園中學(xué)高三月考)I

think

John

willmake

a

good

monitor，

Iwouldn’tliketovotefor

him.A．butC．orB．soD．for解析：選C。句意：我認(rèn)為約翰會(huì)成為一位很好的班長(zhǎng)，否則我也不會(huì)投他的票。3．(2013·安徽合肥一中高三第一次階段性考試)We

hadjust

covered

a

distance

of

three

miles

the

engine

andthecar

cametoastop.A．then；was

broken

B．when；broke

downC．until；was

failed

D．since；burst

out解析：選B。句中when是并列連詞“就在這/那時(shí)(突然發(fā)生了另外一件事)”?？键c(diǎn)二 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句1．引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞where，wherever指具體地點(diǎn)時(shí)，從句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽象條件的含義時(shí)，從句須放在主句之前。如：We

should

go

where

the

Party

needs

us

most.我們應(yīng)到黨最需要我們的地方去。The

little

girl

who

got

lost

decided

to

remain

where

she

wasand

waited

for

her

mother.那個(gè)迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她母親。Keep

in

touch

with

your

family

members

wherever

you

arein

the

world.不管你在世界上的什么地方，都要跟家人保持聯(lián)系。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)常兼有抽象條件意味。

Where

there

is

a

will，there

is

a

way.有志者，事竟成。

Wherever

there

is

smoke，there

is

a

fire.無(wú)火不生煙。(無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪。)注意區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句：你最好在有問(wèn)題的地方做一下標(biāo)記。You’d

better

make

a

mark

where

you

have

any

questions.(狀語(yǔ)從句)You’dbetter

makeamark

at

the

place

where

you

have

anyquestions.(定語(yǔ)從句)【典例】

(2012·高考四川卷)If

you

happento

get

lost

in

thewild，you’dbetterstay

youareandwaitfor

help.A．whyC．who【解析】B．whereD．what選B。本題考查地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路了，你最好待在原處等待救援。stay為不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“待在某處”，后需接地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句?！疽族e(cuò)剖析】

本題容易誤選C或D。把從句分析成了賓語(yǔ)從句，認(rèn)為從句中缺少表語(yǔ),所以用what或who，這樣的話(huà),句子的意義就講不通了。觸類(lèi)旁通1．(2012·東阿縣一中高三九月測(cè)試)You

should

make

it

aruletoleavethings

youcanfindthemagain.A．whenC．thenB．whereD．there解析：選B?？疾闋钫Z(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句Where

you

can

findthemagain修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)leavethings。句意：把東西放在你能再次找到的地方。故B項(xiàng)正確。2

．

(2013·

南京大學(xué)教育專(zhuān)修學(xué)院高三月考)Is

there

abookshop

around

I

can

buy

an

English

andChinese

dictionary?A．whichC．thatB．whereD．what解析：選A。這是一個(gè)“介詞＋which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞bookshop。句意：有沒(méi)有一個(gè)我可以買(mǎi)到一本英漢詞典的書(shū)店？3

．

(2013·

江蘇省揚(yáng)州中學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))There

he

was

，standingexactly

I

had

left

him，smiling

proudly.A．when

B．thatC．in

which

D．where解析：選D。這是一個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明動(dòng)詞stand的地點(diǎn)，所以用where?？键c(diǎn)三 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1．when，while和aswhen引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；while引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的，側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作的對(duì)比；as引導(dǎo)的從句的謂詞動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，有

“隨著”之意，多用于主從句動(dòng)作的同時(shí)發(fā)生。When

I

lived

there

，

I

used

to

go

to

the

seashore

onSundays.我住在那里時(shí)，星期天常到海濱去。Please

don’t

talk

so

loud

while

others

are

working.別人在工作時(shí)，請(qǐng)別高聲談話(huà)。He

hurried

home，looking

behind

as

he

went.他匆匆忙忙回家去，一邊走一邊回頭望。As

time

goes

on，it’s

getting

warmer

and

warmer.隨著時(shí)間的推移，天氣變得越來(lái)越暖和了。2．a(chǎn)s

soon

as，immediately，directly，the

moment，theminute，nosooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when等引導(dǎo)的從句都表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作隨即就發(fā)生，常譯為”一……就……”。The

moment

I

heard

the

voice，I

knew

father

was

coming.我一聽(tīng)到那個(gè)聲音，我就知道父親來(lái)了。No

sooner

had

we

arrived

at

the

station

than

the

train

left.我們一到車(chē)站，火車(chē)就離站了。The

boy

burst

into

tears

immediately

he

saw

his

mother.那男孩一見(jiàn)到他媽媽便放聲大哭。3．till，until和not(...)untiltill，until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主從句都為肯定式，意為“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某一時(shí)間才停止”。not

(...)

until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句為肯定式，意為“直到……才……”。not(...)until還可以用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句。You

may

stay

here

until/till

the

rain

stops.你可以在這里待到雨停。He

won’t

go

to

bed

till/until

she

returns.直到她回來(lái)他才睡。4．before和since若表達(dá)“沒(méi)過(guò)……就，過(guò)了……才”之意,須用連詞before,句式為“It

was/will

be＋時(shí)間段＋before...”；since意為“自從……”，句式為“It

is/has

been＋時(shí)間段＋since...”。

We

had

sailed

four

days

and

four

nights

before

we

saw

land.我們航行了四天四夜才看到陸地。Before

I

could

get

in

a

word，he

had

measured

me.我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及插話(huà)，他就給我量好了尺寸。It

will

be

half

a

year

before

I

come

back.還得再過(guò)半年我才能回來(lái)。I

have

written

home

four

times

since

I

came

here.自從我來(lái)到這兒，我已經(jīng)給家里寫(xiě)過(guò)四封信了。It

is

three

years

since

I

smoked

a cigar

(＝since

I

stoppedsmoking

a

cigar)．我不吸煙有三年了。如果譯成“我吸煙有三年了”，應(yīng)為：It

is

three

yearssince

I

began

to

smoke.5．every

time，each

time，next

time，the

first

time等名詞短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，分別表示“每次……，下次……，第一次……”。Every/Each

time

I

was

in

trouble，he

would

come

to

helpme

out.每當(dāng)我處于困境的時(shí)候，他就會(huì)來(lái)幫助我。Next

time

you

come，do

remember

to

bring

your

son

here.下次你來(lái)的時(shí)候，一定記著把你兒子帶到這兒來(lái)。The

last

time

she

saw

James，he

was

lying

in

bed.上次她看見(jiàn)詹姆斯的時(shí)候，他正躺在床上?！镜淅?/p>

(2012·高考山東卷)He

smiled

politely

Mary

apologized

for

her

drunken

friends.A．a(chǎn)sC．unless【解析】B．ifD．though選A。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)瑪麗因她醉酒的朋友向他道歉時(shí)，他禮貌地微笑著。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為連詞。if“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；unless“除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；though“雖然，盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。as可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或前后緊接著發(fā)生，常常譯為“(正當(dāng))……的時(shí)候，隨著……，一邊……一邊……”，故只有as符合題意。【易錯(cuò)剖析】

本題容易誤選B。把后半句理解成主句的條件狀語(yǔ)，忽略了句子的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。觸類(lèi)旁通1．(2013·樂(lè)陵一中高三月考)—You

look

unhappy，myson?—I’m

wondering

how

long

it’ll

be

we

come

toChina

again.A．sinceC．beforeB．whenD．a(chǎn)fter解析：選C。本題句意為“——兒子，怎么不高興呢？——我在想我們多久才能再來(lái)中國(guó)呢?！県ow

long

it’ll

bebefore...多久后才能……。2．(2013·安徽桐城中學(xué)高三第二次月考)—How

long

is

it

you

picked

up

your

badminton

training?—It

was

not

until

my

finance

became

better

in

lastDecember

Istartedthetraining.A．before；whenC．that；whenB．until；thatD．since；that解析：選D。句意：——自你重新開(kāi)始羽毛球訓(xùn)練以來(lái)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？——直到去年12月我的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況好轉(zhuǎn)了我才開(kāi)始訓(xùn)練。第一個(gè)空考查句型：It

is＋時(shí)間段＋since...“自……以來(lái)已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”，第二個(gè)空是not...until結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。3．(2013·湖南衡陽(yáng)市八中高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))I

hadjustgotupandwasabouttocookmybreakfast

thetelephone

rang

loudly，but

it

hung

up

I

couldanswer

it.A．while；beforeC．when；beforeB．when；untilD．a(chǎn)s；after解析：選C。第一個(gè)空when是并列連詞,意為“就在這時(shí)”,第二個(gè)空before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“還沒(méi)來(lái)得及……就……”?？键c(diǎn)四 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和原因狀語(yǔ)從句Ⅰ.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1．連詞although/though(盡管，雖然)，while(盡管)，eventhough/even

if(即使)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。She

is

a

crazy

fan

of

this

singer.Even

if

she

listens

to

hissongs

hundreds

of

times，she

will

never

get

tired.她是這位歌星的瘋狂粉絲。即使她已經(jīng)把他的歌聽(tīng)了上百遍，她也從不厭煩。Although

the

police

thought

he

was

the

most

likely

one，since

they

had

no

exact

proof

about

it，they

could

notarresthim.盡管警察認(rèn)為他是最有可能的一個(gè)，由于他們沒(méi)有確鑿的證據(jù)，他們就不能拘留他。While

travel

can

broaden

your

mind，I

don’t

think

it’sgood

idea

to

spend

too

much

time

and

money

on

it.盡管旅游能夠增長(zhǎng)見(jiàn)識(shí)，但是我認(rèn)為你不應(yīng)該在這方面花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間和金錢(qián)。as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，語(yǔ)序要倒裝。

Difficult

as

the

task

was，they

managed

to

finish

it

in

time.雖然這項(xiàng)任務(wù)很難，他們還是設(shè)法及時(shí)完成了。Much

as

I

like

it，I

won’t

buy

the

expensive

car.盡管我很喜歡這輛車(chē)，但我不會(huì)買(mǎi)這么貴的車(chē)。whether

(...or)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,提供兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上假設(shè)。

Whether

I

go

alone

or

he

goes

with

me,the

result

will

be

thesame.我自己走還是他跟我一起走結(jié)果都是相同的。由wh＋ever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Whatever

happens

(may

happen)，don’t

be

surprised.＝No

matter

what

happens

(may

happen)，don’t

be

surprised.不管發(fā)生什么都別吃驚。Ⅱ.原因狀語(yǔ)從句

1．引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：because，as，since，now

that，seeing

that，considering

that，每個(gè)連詞的含義不盡相同。區(qū)別項(xiàng)目位置內(nèi)涵語(yǔ)氣能否回答why能否被強(qiáng)調(diào)because

(因?yàn)?主句前或后直接因果關(guān)系強(qiáng)能能as(由于)主句前或后雙方都知道的原因弱不能不能since/now

that

(既然)主句前—Why

are

you

absent

from

the

meeting?—Because

I

am

ill.——你為什么開(kāi)會(huì)缺席？——因?yàn)槲也×?。As

it

is

raining，we

shall

not

go

to

the

park.由于在下雨，我們不去公園了。Now

that/Since

everybody

is

here，let’s

begin

our

meeting.既然大家都在，我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)吧。2

．此外，when

也可以表示原因，since“既然”；considering

that“考慮到”。It

was

foolish

of

you

to

take

a

taxi

when

you

could

walk

therein

five

minutes.既然你步行5分鐘能到那里，卻打的，真夠愚蠢的?！镜淅?】(2012·高考陜西卷)Hot

the

night

airwas,

we

slept

deeply

because

we

were

so

tired

after

the

longjourney.A．a(chǎn)lthoughC．whileB．a(chǎn)sD．however【解析】選B。本題考查as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管夜晚空氣燥熱，我們?nèi)匀凰煤艹?，因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)途旅行之后我們是那么疲乏。根據(jù)句意可知所填詞表示“盡管”之意，且引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，由此排除D項(xiàng)；另外，分析句式可以看出，讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中提前了表語(yǔ)hot，而although，while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不倒裝，故排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句必須倒裝，即將作表語(yǔ)的形容詞或名詞、修飾動(dòng)詞的副詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞原形置于句首?！疽族e(cuò)剖析】

本題容易誤選A或C，沒(méi)有看清although和while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)須位于從句的句首，只有as或though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句才能倒裝?！镜淅?】

(2012·高考重慶卷)—Coach，can

I

continuewith

the

training?—Sorry，youcan’t

you

haven’t

recovered

fromthe

knee

injury.A．untilC．a(chǎn)s【解析】B．beforeD．unless選C。本題考查連詞。句意：“教練，我可以繼續(xù)訓(xùn)練嗎？”“抱歉，你不能，因?yàn)槟阆ドw傷還沒(méi)有恢復(fù)?！狈治鲱}意可知前后兩句有明顯的因果關(guān)系，故可選

C項(xiàng)。as表原因，而A項(xiàng)until，B項(xiàng)before和D項(xiàng)unless都需后句用肯定才可與前句的you

can’t相符合。【易錯(cuò)剖析】審題時(shí)粗心大意，很容易誤認(rèn)為是not...until...句型，從而誤選成A選項(xiàng)。觸類(lèi)旁通1．(2013·安徽省江南十校新高三摸底聯(lián)考)You’d

better

setasidesometimeeverydayforsports

busy

you

arein

senior

3.A．no

matterC．even

thoughB．whateverD．however解析：選D。however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于no

matterhow。句意：無(wú)論你上高三有多忙，你都最好每天抽出點(diǎn)時(shí)間來(lái)鍛煉。2．(2013·湖南省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三第一次月考)

thepeace

of

the

countryside

attracts

many

people,

mostfarmers

are

eager

to

leave

home

and

escape

to

the

city.A．WhileC．UnlessB．BecauseD．As解析：選A。while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管，雖然”。句意：盡管鄉(xiāng)村的寧?kù)o吸引了許多人，大部分農(nóng)民還是渴望離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)進(jìn)城。3．(2012·杭州蕭山區(qū)5校高三期中考試)—Some

Chinesestudents

find

it

difficult

to

understand

native

speakers

whenin

London.—Exactly，

they’ve

learned

a

lot

about

grammarand

known

many

words.A．if

onlyC．a(chǎn)s

ifB．now

thatD．even

if解析：選D。句意：——一些中國(guó)學(xué)生發(fā)覺(jué)在倫敦很難聽(tīng)懂當(dāng)?shù)厝苏f(shuō)話(huà)?！沁@樣，即使他們學(xué)了很多語(yǔ)法和懂得很多單詞。even

if“即使”。4

．

(2013·

安徽合肥八中高三第一次月考)The

childrenlooklighthearted

the

final

exam

is

over.A．now

that B．a(chǎn)s

far

asC．up

till D．even

though解析：選A。now

that引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“既然，由于”?？键c(diǎn)五 條件狀語(yǔ)從句和方式狀語(yǔ)從句1．引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：if，unless(＝if...not)(除非)，so

(as)

long

as(只要)，in

case(萬(wàn)一)，on

conditionthat(條件是)，supposing

(that)(假設(shè))，provided/providing(that)(假如)等。You’ll

fail

the

exam

unless

you

study

hard

(＝if

you

don’tstudy

hard)．除非你努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你考試會(huì)不及格的。As

long

as

you

don’t

lose

heart，you

will

succeed.你只要不灰心，就會(huì)成功。Suppose/Supposing

(that)

they

refuse

us，who

else

can

weturn

to

for

help?假如他們拒絕了我們，我們還能求助于誰(shuí)？In

case

there

is

a

fire，what

will

we

do

first?萬(wàn)一發(fā)生火災(zāi)，我們首先做什么？2．引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：as，asif，asthough等，多放在主句之后。其中asif或asthough引導(dǎo)的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。He

is

unhappy，though/although

he

has

a

lot

of

money.雖然他很有錢(qián)，但他并不幸福。Although/Though

it

was

raining

hard，yet

they

went

onplaying

football.雖然雨下得很大，但他們還是繼續(xù)踢足球。Even

though/if

it

is

raining，we’ll

go

there.(陳述語(yǔ)氣)即使下雨，我們也要去那里。Even

if

I

were

busy，I

would

go.(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)即使忙，我也得去。Child

as/though

he

is，he

knows

a

lot.盡管他是孩子，但他懂得很多。Much

as/though

I

like

it，I

won’t

buy

it，for

it’s

tooexpensive.雖然我很喜歡它，但我不會(huì)買(mǎi)，因?yàn)樗F了?！镜淅?/p>

(2012·

高考江西卷)You

can

borrow

my

car

youpromise

nottodrive

too

fast.A．unlessC．in

case【解析】B．even

ifD．a(chǎn)s

long

as選D?？疾闋钫Z(yǔ)從句。unless除非，如果不。如果用unless，那么句意前后矛盾；evenif即使，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；in

case以防，萬(wàn)一，引導(dǎo)目的、條件狀語(yǔ)從句；

as/solongas只要，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，符合句意和語(yǔ)境。句意：只要你承諾不開(kāi)得太快，你就可以借用我的車(chē)?！疽族e(cuò)剖析】本題容易誤選A。原因是只分析出了這是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，而沒(méi)有確切理解句意，從句是個(gè)否定句,再用unless＝if

not，雙重否定，就成肯定意義了。觸類(lèi)旁通1．(2013·云南第一次高中畢業(yè)生復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測(cè))Roger

hadaGPSdevicefittedinhiscar

he

lost

his

way

in

thecity.A．so

thatC．in

caseB．now

thatD．a(chǎn)s

if解析：選C。句意：Roger讓人在車(chē)上安裝了GPS設(shè)備，以防在城市迷路。incase引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“以防，萬(wàn)一”，符合語(yǔ)意。2

．

(2013·

安徽皖南八校聯(lián)考)

the

organizers

of

“Love

Parade

2010”，a

music

festival

in

Germany，did

not

ignore

the

warning

that

Duisburg

was

not

a

suitable

placefor

the

Love

Parade，the

terrible

stampede

(蜂擁)

can

be

avoided.A．SupposingC．ProvideB．UnlessD．In

case

that解析：選A。句意：杜伊斯堡并不是一個(gè)適合舉辦“LoveParade”的地方，如果德國(guó)“LoveParade2010”音樂(lè)節(jié)的組織者沒(méi)有忽視這個(gè)警告的話(huà),這個(gè)踩踏事件是可以避免的。

supposing＝provided＝providing＝if，它們均表示條件。所以選A?？键c(diǎn)六 目的狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

1．引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so

that，in

order

that，for

fear

(that)，in

case，lest等。I’ll

speak

slowly

so

that

you

can

understand

me.我會(huì)慢慢說(shuō)，以便你能懂。In

order

that

we

might

see

the

sunrise，we

started

for

thepeak

early.為了能看到日出，我們很早就出發(fā)去了山頂。Mary

didn’t

want

to

get

out

of

bed，for

fear

that

she

mightwake

her

baby

(up)．瑪麗不想起床，擔(dān)心吵醒她的寶寶。Take

your

raincoat，in

case

it

rains.帶上雨衣吧，以防下雨。2．引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：so

that，so...that...，such...that...在非正式語(yǔ)體中，由so...that...，such...that...引導(dǎo)的句子中that

可以省略，注意其結(jié)構(gòu)形式：so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句so＋形容詞＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式＋that從句so＋many/much