江蘇省淮安市高中校協(xié)作體高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題（解析版）

2022屆江蘇省淮安市高中校協(xié)作體高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】HowdoesthegirlusuallytalktoTara?A.ThroughtheInternet.B.Throughphonecalls.C.Throughtextmessages.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Taramessagedmeearlier.Iamgoingtogiveheracalllatertonight.Doyouwantmetosayhelloforyou?W:Sure,butweactuallytalkallthetime.Wehaveanonlinechatroomwithsomeothergirlsfromtheschool.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanneedhelpwith?A.Thetallbox.B.Thewidebox.C.Theheavybox.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Doyouwantmetocomedownstairsandhelpyou,Jeremy?Thoseboxesarereallybig.M:Yes,please.I’mfinewiththesetallandwideboxes.Theyactuallydon’thavethatmuchinthem.It’sthissmallonefullofbooksthatIcan’tlift.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewoman'steachersuggestaboutparagraphs?A.Theyshouldberoughlythesamelength.B.Theyshouldhavedramaticeffect.C.Theycanbeofanylength.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howmanylinesshouldaparagraphbe?MyteachersaysIshouldtryandmakethem8to10sentenceseach.M:Itdependsonwhatyouarewriting.Iwaswritingashortstory,soIusedlongandshortparagraphsfordramaticeffect.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtodo?AMakeasandwich.B.Giveapresentation.C.Buysomebread.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howdoyoumaketheperfectsandwich?Italwayslookssogood.M:I’llshowyouifyoulike.It’sallaboutthepresentationandusingthickslicesofbread.W:Youremindedme.Imadesomebreadthismorning.Itshouldbeready.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Cheese.B.Apples.C.Sausages.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ifoundalocalbutcherthatmakesthemostamazingporksausages.Hemakessomewithapplesthatareoutofthisworld.M:Yeah.IhadsomeinEnglandwithcheesebakedinside.Theywereverydifferentbutalsoverytasty.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Howoldwasthewomanwhentheyplayedthegamelasttime?A.6. B.11. C.21.7.Whichballwasworththefewestpoints?A.Theredone.B.ThegreenoneC.Theblueone.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:IwanttoplaySunshineBallformy21stbirthday.M:Wehaven’tplayedthatgamesincewemadeit10yearsago!Whatweretherulesagain?Thegreenballwastwopointsandtheredballwasthreeright?W:Yes,andtheblueballwasasinglepoint.Youguysalwaysusedtofighteachother,whileIwasbusygettingpoints.M:Ohyeah,youweresomuchbetterthanDaveandheusedtogetsoangry!W:Iguess,butDavewasonlysix,andyoudidbeathimonhisbirthdaythatonetime.Ibetheisstillangryafteralltheseyears.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanneedfromthewoman?A.Asignature.B.Apackage.C.Adeliveryslip.9.WhoisRonaldFields?A.Theman'sbrother.B.Thewoman'sbrother.C.Thewoman'sneighbor.10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atthepostoffice.B.Atthepolicestation.C.Atthewoman'shouse.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,IhaveapackageforaMr.RonaldFields.Irequireasignature.W:I’mafraidheisn’tinjustnow,butIcansignitforhim.M:CanItakeyourname?W:Mrs.LauraGraham.I’mMr.Fields’sister.M:CouldIaskforafavor?Ihaveapackageforyourneighbor,buttheyarenotin.Couldyoutakeitforthem?W:Certainly.I’lltakeittothemthiseveningwhentheygetbackfromwork.M:Thanks.I’veputadeliveryslipthroughtheirdoor.Ijustneedtotakeaphotographasproofofdelivery,ifthat’sOK.W:Doyouneedmetosmile?M:No,it’sjustofthepackage.Perfect,cheers.W:Haveaniceday.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Arestaurant.B.AgymC.Ahotel.12.Howmuchwillthemanprobablypaypermonthatthenewgym?A.￡30. B.￡25. C.￡22.50.13.Whatisabenefitofthenewgym?A.Freebreakfast.B.Viewsofthebridge.C.Discountedhotelrooms.【答案】11.B12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Ineedtogoonadiet.Iputonsomuchweightduringthecoronavirus.M:Iknow.Iwantedtogobacktomygym,buttheyhaveclosedforgood.Ineedtofindanewone.W:Haveyoucheckedoutthenewoneatthebridge?M:Ithoughtthatwasahotel.W:Itis,buttheyhaveagymaswell.M:Iimagineitwillbeexpensive.W:Theyareofferingadiscountbecausewelivelocally.M:Howmuchofadiscount?W:Well,thegymis￡30amonth,buttheyareofferinga25%discount.M:Thenitwouldbe￡22.50.That’sonly￡2.50morethanIwaspayingatmyoldgym.W:Youalsogeta10%discountatthehotel.I’veuseditwhenmymomcomestovisit.Shelovesit.M:That’sreallygood.Mysisterisduetovisitinafewmonths.She’dpreferthatthansleepingonmyfloor.W:Yeah.Plus,therestaurantisreallynice,too.Ithasthemostamazingbreakfast.Obviously,youhavetopay.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemanwanttobe?A.AnengineerB.Anastronaut.C.Anastronomer.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttosavemankindfrom?A.Thevirus.B.Climatechange.C.Theagingproblem.16.Howcanthewoman'stonebedescribed?A.Surprised.B.Indifferent.C.Humorous.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Scientistandassistant.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.A【解析】【原文】M:Ihavedecidedtodevotemylifetothepursuitofscience.W:That’sabiggoal.Whatsciencedoyouwanttopursue?M:Iwanttoseethestarsandexplorespace.W:Soyouwanttostudyastronomy(天文學(xué))?M:No,Iwanttobuildtheshipsthattakeusthere.W:Soundslikeyouwanttobeanengineer.M:Iguess,butitdoesn’tsoundveryscientificwhenyouputitlikethat.W:Itusesalotofscience.Youneedtoknowphysicsandchemistry,soyoucandesignashipthatwillkeeptheastronautssafe.M:I’llalsoneedtofindajobforBarney.W:Well,hecanbeyourassistant,becauseyou’llneedsupportifyouareworkingsohard.M:Idon’tthinkyou’retakingthisseriously.W:Iam.Ifyouwant,wecanspeaktoyourteacheraboutextraclasses.M:Thatwouldbegreat.Ithinkspaceexplorationisthekeytosavingmankind.W:Savingmankindfromwhat?M:Climatechange.Evenwhentheworldwasshutdownbythevirus,climatechangewasnotreallyaffected.Weneedabettersolution.W:Well,howaboutweworryaboutgraduatingfirst?M:Thisisserious.Ifwedon’tactnow,wemaynothaveaplanettoliveoninafewyears.W:Honey,youneedtostopreadingallthesestoriesonline.TheplanetwillbeherewhenI’moldandgrey.Nowgofinishyourhomework.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.WhichregionisNicolaSturgeontheleaderof?A.England.B.Scotland.C.Wales.19.HowmanyFirstMinistershavetherebeenintotal?A.One. B.Four C.Five.20.WhoisPeterMurrell?A.Anewsreporter.B.Anexecutiveofficer.C.AformerFirstMinister.【答案】18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Ourawardforbestleadergoestoawomanwhohasledhercountryforoverfiveyears.Shetookswiftactionagainstthecoronavirus,resultinginasharpdropincasesinScotlandcomparedtoitsneighbors,EnglandandWales.ShetookovertheroleofFirstMinisterfromAlexSalmond,whoquitafterthedisappointingresultofthe2014independencevote.SheisonlythefifthpersontoholdtheofficeofFirstMinister,butthefirstwomantodoso.Shehasinspiredanewgenerationoffemalepoliticalmindstojointhedebateandhelpshapetheircountry,somethingthatwillhavelastinginfluence.Sheisknownfortalkingstraight,whichisawelcomechangefrommanypoliticianswhotalkatlengthwithouteveransweringthequestionyouhaveasked.Theysaybehindeverystrongwomanisastrongman,butit’smorelikeapartnership,becausePeterMurrell,alsoworksinpoliticsastheleadingparty’sexecutiveofficer.Nodoubthe’llbemadetocarrythisawardhomeforher.So,withoutfurtherado,ladiesandgentlemen,putyourhandstogetherforNicolaSturgeon.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUltimateExpression2021isaninternationalonlineartcontestwhichisopenforallchildrenofagegroup6to19yearsold.Ithasbeenstartedtomotivateartisticandcreativeminds.Moredetailsarementionedasfollows.Date:June13th-July13th2021SubjectorTheme:Paintingonanysubjectorthemeisacceptedexceptrelatedtoviolence,drugsoradultthemesEntryFees:NOentryfeesAwards/Certificates:WinnerswillreceiveArtRecognitionPack,whichconsistsofpublicationofpaintinginthewebsite,publicationofwinner'sphotointhewinner'sgallery.CertificateofAchievementandRecognitionasStarArtist,DiamondArtistandGoldArtist.Winnerswillbejudgedon10pointscale.9.0to10.0pointsStarArtist8.0to8.9pointsDiamondArtist6.0to7.9pointsGoldArtist5.0to5.9pointsSilverArtist(Awardnotoffered)FeesforArtRecognitionPack&Certificate:Thefeesis$1.5forStarartistsand$17forsomeselectedArtists.Judgments:Innovation,Creativity,Engaging,Perfection,AgeofArtist,PresentationandArtisticAbilityTheentriesmaybeREJECTEDduetofollowingreasons:●Yourart-workcontainsanyobjectionablesubjectorcopyrightedmaterial.●Theimageofthepaintingisnotclear.●Youdon'tconformtotheagelimitoftheartcontest.●Yousubmittedthedrawingsmultipletimes.●Signatureoftheartistisnotonthepainting.Howtoparticipate:Clickthebuttonbelow.Inthenextpageyouneedtofilltheformanduploadthepainting,andclickonsubmitbutton.21.Howmuchwilltheartistpayifheisjudged7.5pointsaccordingtoArtRecognitionPack&Certificate?A.$1.5.B.$15.5.C.$17.D.$18.5.22.Whichofthefollowingwillbethereasonleadingtorejection?A.Theparticipantis17yearsold.B.Theartist'snameisonthepainting.C.Afewofcopyrightedmaterialsareused.D.Thepaintingissubmittedonlyonetime.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Awebsite.B.Aguidebook.C.Anewspaper.D.Abrochure.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)國際在線藝術(shù)大賽的參賽主題，注意事項(xiàng)以及獎項(xiàng)設(shè)置?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中的內(nèi)容分屬于GoldArtist，另外表格下面“Thefeesis$1.5forStarartistsand$17forsomeselectedArtists.(明星藝術(shù)家的費(fèi)用為美元，部分入選藝術(shù)家的費(fèi)用為17美元)”可知，GoldArtist屬于入選藝術(shù)家，支付17美元。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheentriesmaybeREJECTEDduetofollowingreasons(由于以下原因，參賽作品可能被拒絕)”此項(xiàng)中拒絕的原因中的第一項(xiàng)“Yourart-workcontainsanyobjectionablesubjectorcopyrightedmaterial.(您的藝術(shù)作品包含任何令人反感的主題或受版權(quán)保護(hù)的材料)”，可知選項(xiàng)C“使用了一些受版權(quán)保護(hù)的材料”屬于這種情況，應(yīng)該被拒絕。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章開頭的“UltimateExpression2021isaninternationalonlineartcontestwhichisopenforallchildrenofagegroup6to19yearsold.(《終極表達(dá)2021》是一項(xiàng)國際在線藝術(shù)大賽，面向6至19歲年齡組的所有兒童)”以及最后一行的報名方式“Clickthebuttonbelow.(點(diǎn)擊下面的按鈕)”，可知文章來源于網(wǎng)上。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】閱讀理解的解題方法。首先，宏觀瀏覽，掌握大意。不要困擾在個別詞匯的翻譯上，偶有生詞，走為上計。其次，讀懂題干，帶著問題去微觀細(xì)讀。最后，分析句子，審思明辨。BItwasastormyevening,andallthatNeilcouldhopewastofindashelterthatcouldkeephimprotectedfromthechillywindandcoldrain.Afterworkhehadtogethomeontime,ashisbusyschedulewaspreventinghimfromspendingqualitytimewithhisfamily.Thebusstoponthewayprovidedtemporaryshelter,whereNeilwasbecomingincreasinglyagitated(焦慮不安的)witheverypassingminute.Allhiseveningplanswerewashedout.“Sir,whydon’tyoubuyapackofgroundnuts(花生)fromme?”Neillookedaroundtoseeamaninragstandingbyhisside.“Oh,no,I’mnotinterestedrightnow.”“Friedgroundnutswilldoyouaworldofgoodnow.Moreover,youcanalsotakesomeforyourfamily.”TheverymentionoffamilybroughtaconcerntoNeil.Hiswifehadspecificallytoldhimtocomehomeearly,ifnotforhersake,atleastforthesakeoftheirseven-year-oldson.Whenhewaslostinthought,thegroundnutsellerhadfilledabagwiththeremainingnutsandofferedhimanunexpectedlylowprice.But,Neilrefusedtobuythem:“Idonotwanttobuyanythingatthispoint!”Suddenly,heheardavoiceofakid.“Dad,Iwantsomemoneytobuybooksfortheschool.”Hesawaten-year-oldboy,totallydrenchedfromtoptobottom,asthoughhehadjustrunarace.Hewastalkingtothegroundnutseller.“Yes,yes,I’mreadytoleavenow.Come!Howmanybooksdoyouwant?Whydidyougetwetintherain?Yourmothermustbegettingworried.”Neilturnedtotheseller.Therewasaninstantwhentheybothmadetheperfecteyecontact.Neilhadthelookofwhatitistobeafather.Thegroundnutsellerdidnotsayanythingandgavethepacketofgroundnutswithoutsayingaword.Neilpulledanotefromhiswallet,placeditintheman’shand,andwalkedawaywithoutwaitingforthechange.24.WhydidNeilbecomemoreanxiousatthebusstop?A.Therainstoppedhimfromgettinghomeontime.B.Thechillywindmadehimfeelcolderandcolder.C.Hethoughtofhisboringandheavywork.D.Hecouldn’tfindagoodplacetokeepofftherain.25.Whydidn’tNeilbuytheman’sgroundnutsatfirst?A.Hedidn’thaveenoughmoneyonhim. B.Hisfamilydoesn’tlikegroundnuts.C.Hewasinabadmoodatthattime. D.Hisfamilywasalittlepoor.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“drenched”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Wetthrough. B.Veryexcited. C.Welldressed. D.Sweatheavily.27.WhatmadeNeilbuyalltheseller’sgroundnuts?A.Theseller’sgenerousaction. B.Hishavingapityfortheseller.C.Theseller’sgreatnessasafather. D.Hisbeingmovedbytheseller’sson.【答案】24.A25.C26.A27.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述Neil因?yàn)榇笥隉o法及時趕回家與家人共度美好時光而郁悶，躲雨時被花生小販同為父親的責(zé)任感所感動?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Afterworkhehadtogethomeontime,ashisbusyschedulewaspreventinghimfromspendingqualitytimewithhisfamily.(下班之后他必須準(zhǔn)時回家，因?yàn)樗泵Φ娜粘?，使他無法與家人共度美好時光)”以及“Allhiseveningplanswerewashedout(他所有的晚上計劃都泡湯了)”可知，他在公交車站感到焦慮的原因是大雨使他不能按時回家與家人團(tuán)聚。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文“Thebusstoponthewayprovidedtemporaryshelter,whereNeilwasbecomingincreasinglyagitated(焦慮不安的)witheverypassingminute.Allhiseveningplanswerewashedout(回家路上的公交車站給他提供了暫時的躲雨的地方，隨著每一分鐘的流逝，Neil變得越來越焦慮不安。他所有的晚上計劃都泡湯了)”可知，此時他心情很糟糕，因此沒有心情買花生。故選C。【26題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Suddenly,heheardavoiceofakid.(突然，他聽到了一個小孩的聲音)”以及下文“Whydidyougetwetintherain?(你為什么在雨中淋濕了)”可知，小男孩全身上下都濕透了，所以劃線的詞意為濕透了。故選A。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Neilturnedtotheseller.Therewasaninstantwhentheybothmadetheperfecteyecontact.Neilhadthelookofwhatitistobeafather.(Neil轉(zhuǎn)向賣家。有那么一瞬間，他們的眼神完美的交流。Neil看到了同為父親的責(zé)任)”可知，Neil被花生小販同為父親的責(zé)任感所感動。故選C。COnasunnybutbitterlycoldFebruaryday,alineofsmallchildrensnakedtheirwayfromDaletoDaleFortontheHaverfordwestestuary.Theywerethelastofmorethan2,000volunteerswhooverthelastyearhavecollected,storedandputseagrassseedsintolittlebags,readyforplanting.Theseseagrassseedsweresoontojoinothersontheseafloorafewhundredmetresoff-shorefromDaletorecovertwohectaresofseagrassmeadow(草甸).Thisrecoveryisthelatestattempttochangeacenturyofdestruction.IntheUK,wecanonlyestimatethelossbutinDenmark,seagrassrecordsdatingbacktothe1880sgiveaveryseriousandaccuratepicture.Attheturnofthelastcentury,fishingwasvitaltotheDanisheconomy.Itwasknownthenthatseagrassmeadowswereavitalhabitatforyoungseafishandsoin1908botanistCarlOstenfeldwasaskedtostudytheseagrasses,thenfoundinalltheestuariesandentranceofDenmark.ThatstudyprovidedaclearstandardagainstwhichtomeasurethelossofseagrassinDenmark,alossthatcurrentlystandsat95percent.Whydoesthismatter?Seagrassnotonlyprovideanurturinghabitatforfishbutalsostabilisestheshoreandabsorbsenergy,reducingtheimpactofstorms.Boatanchors(船錨)areonecauseofdamagetoseagrass;seashoredevelopmentanother.Butthemaincauseisriverwaterpollution,particularlynutrientsfromfertiliseranddirtywater.Theseexcessnutrientscausealgal(藻類)growththatblanketstheseagrass,cuttingoutlight,andthenlater,whenitdiesoffandrots,removesalloxygen.Oneoftheimportantmessagesis,ifyoustopkillingsealifeandprotectit,thenitdoescomeback.Wecanturntheoceansaroundandweknowitmakessenseeconomically,forhumanhealthand,ofcourse,fortheenvironment.28.WhatdidthekidsdoinDaleoverthelastyear?A.Haveaninterestingtrip.B.Gatherseagrassseeds.C.Protectseagrassfromsnakes.D.Makeanimportantstudy.29.WhatcanweknowaboutCarlOstenfeld’sstudy?A.ItwascarriedoutintheUKandDenmark.B.ItcontributedtoDanisheconomygreatly.C.ItshowedthelossofseagrassinDenmark.D.ItmadesomepracticalmeasuresforDenmark.30.Whichofthefollowingaffectsseagrassmostseriously?A.Algalgrowth.B.Seashoredevelopment.C.Airpollution.D.Boatsanchors31.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toshowrecoveringseagrassisbeneficial.B.Toaskpeopletoplantmuchseagrass.C.Topresentthedangerstoseagrass.D.Topersuadepeopletocatchfewerseafish.【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了丹麥海草的數(shù)量減少及其危害，呼吁我們保護(hù)海草，這對人類和海洋環(huán)境都是有益的?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Theywerethelastofmorethan2,000volunteerswhooverthelastyearhavecollected,storedandputseagrassseedsintolittlebags,readyforplanting.”（他們是2000多名志愿者中的最后一批，在過去的一年里，他們收集、儲存海草種子，并將其放入小袋中，準(zhǔn)備播種。）可知，去年這些孩子在Dale收集海草種子。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Itwasknownthenthatseagrassmeadowswereavitalhabitatforyoungseafishandsoin1908botanistCarlOstenfeldwasaskedtostudytheseagrasses,thenfoundinalltheestuariesandentranceofDenmark.ThatstudyprovidedaclearstandardagainstwhichtomeasurethelossofseagrassinDenmark,alossthatcurrentlystandsat95percent.”（當(dāng)時人們知道海草草甸是幼小海魚的重要棲息地，因此1908年，植物學(xué)家CarlOstenfeld被要求研究海草，然后在丹麥的所有河口和入口處發(fā)現(xiàn)海草。這項(xiàng)研究提供了一個明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量丹麥海草的損失，目前損失率為95%。）可知，CarlOstenfeld的研究提供了一個明確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量丹麥海草的損失，目前損失率為95%，由此可知，關(guān)于CarlOstenfeld的研究我們能知道它顯示了丹麥海草的損失。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Butthemaincauseisriverwaterpollution,particularlynutrientsfromfertiliseranddirtywater.Theseexcessnutrientscausealgal(藻類)growththatblanketstheseagrass,cuttingoutlight,andthenlater,whenitdiesoffandrots,removesalloxygen.”（但主要原因是河水污染，特別是來自化肥和臟水的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。這些過量的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)會導(dǎo)致藻類生長，覆蓋海草，切斷光線，然后，當(dāng)海草死亡腐爛時，會帶走所有的氧氣。）可知，對海草的影響最嚴(yán)重是過量的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)所導(dǎo)致的藻類生長，它們會覆蓋海草，切斷光線，最終導(dǎo)致海草死亡腐爛，由此可知，選項(xiàng)中對海草的影響最嚴(yán)重的是藻類的生長。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀文章，結(jié)合最后一段內(nèi)容“Oneoftheimportantmessagesis,ifyoustopkillingsealifeandprotectit,thenitdoescomeback.Wecanturntheoceansaroundandweknowitmakessenseeconomically,forhumanhealthand,ofcourse,fortheenvironment.”（其中一個重要的信息是，如果你停止殺害海洋生物并保護(hù)它，那么它就會回來。我們可以改變海洋，我們知道這在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是有意義的，對人類健康有益，當(dāng)然對環(huán)境也是如此。）可知，本文介紹了丹麥海草的數(shù)量減少及其危害，呼吁我們保護(hù)海洋生物，因?yàn)檫@在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是有意義的，對人類健康有益，對環(huán)境也是有益的，由此可知，這篇文章的目的是向讀者表明恢復(fù)海草是有益的。故選A項(xiàng)。DTheUKgovernmenthasaplantoreducewastethatshiftstheresponsibilityfordisposal(處置）fromthestatetothecompaniesthatmakeit.Thelegislationrequireswasteproducerstopayintothesystemthemselvesorthroughtheirsuppliersthatiswhatthegovernmenttermed,a“polluterpays”principal.Businesseswillhavetochangetheirwasteprocessingbeforethetaxcomesintoplay.Thisissimilartotheanti-wastelegislationpassedinFranceinFebruary2020thatprohibitsthedestruction(銷毀）ofunsoldclothing,cosmetics,hygieneproductsandelectricalproducts.Companieswillhavetoreuse,orrecycletheitems.Dealingwithwasteisaglobalproblemandwemustdealwiththeover2billionmetrictonsofsolidwastegeneratedeveryyear.TheWorldBankestimatesthatoverallwastewillincreaseto3.4billiontonsifnothingisdonetochangethesituation.ThedemandforlegislationlikethetoughattitudetheUKistakinghasbeenincreasingaccordingtoPositiveNews.Anditisnotjustenvironmentalgroupscallingforthechanges.Thisisaconsumerdrivenmovementandpeoplearewillingtopaymoreforsustainablebrands.JoshBowden,co-founderofNoissuetoldPositiveNews.Whatisabsolutelycertainisthatlocalgovernmentswillsavealotofmoneyastheresponsibilityshiftstothepolluters.Thatcouldbebetterinvestedinthingslikesocialcareorparksorlibraries.”O(jiān)thercountrieshavemadegreatprogressinreducingwaste.Sweden'srecyclingprogramissoefficientthatthecountryisrunningoutoftrash.Therecyclingrateisalmost99percentandtheyarerapidlyapproachingzerowaste.Today,largecompaniesaregreeningtheirbrandsandmovingtosustainablepackagingincludingColgate,Waitrose,Nestle,andUnileverwhichnowhasrecyclableblackpackaging.ThegovernmentoftheUKhopesthatothercompanieswillfollowtheirexample.Apartnershipbetweengovernmentlegislationandprivatecompanieswillgoalongwaytoreducingthetonsofwastegoingintoourenvironmenteveryyear.LawsliketheonesintheUKandFrancecanbeimplementedaroundtheworld.32.WhowillpayforthecostsdealingwithUK'swasteinthefuture?A.TheUKgovernment.B.Thecompanies.C.TheWorldBankD.Thecustomers.33.HowshouldFrenchshopsdealwithunsoldgoods?A.Bydestroyingthem.B.Bythrowingthemaway.C.Bydonatingthemtopoorpeople.D.Byreusingthem.34.WhatdoesTheWorldBankthinkofworldwastedisposalproblem?A.Serious. B.Optimistic.C.Uncontrolled. D.Hopeful.35.Whatcanweinferforthelastparagraph?A.Localgovernmentswillspendmoremoneycontrollingpollution.B.AlmostallcompaniesarewillingtoreducethewasteC.Swedenhasdoneagoodjobindealingwithwaste.D.LawscontrollingwasteintheUKandFranceiscomplete.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了英國政府有一項(xiàng)減少垃圾的計劃，將處理垃圾的責(zé)任從國家轉(zhuǎn)移到制造垃圾的公司，同時介紹了其它國家在處理垃圾方面采取的措施和成效?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheUKgovernmenthasaplantoreducewastethatshiftstheresponsibilityfordisposalfromthestatetothecompaniesthatmakeit.”（英國政府制定了一項(xiàng)減少廢物的計劃，將廢物處理的責(zé)任從國家轉(zhuǎn)移到制造廢物的公司。）根據(jù)第二段“Thelegislationrequireswasteproducerstopayintothesystemthemselvesorthroughtheirsuppliersthatiswhatthegovernmenttermed,a“polluterpays”principal.”（該法規(guī)要求廢物產(chǎn)生者自己或通過其供應(yīng)商向該體系支付費(fèi)用，英國政府稱之為“污染者付費(fèi)”原則）由此可知，公司在未來支付處理英國垃圾的費(fèi)用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“hisissimilartotheanti-wastelegislationpassedinFranceinFebruary2020thatprohibitsthedestruction(銷毀）ofunsoldclothing,cosmetics,hygieneproductsandelectricalproducts.Companieswillhavetoreuse,orrecycletheitems.”（這類似于法國于2020年2月通過的禁止銷毀未售出的服裝、化妝品、衛(wèi)生用品和電氣產(chǎn)品的反廢物立法。公司將不得不重新使用或回收這些物品）由此可知，法國商店通過重用它們處理未售出的商品。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TheWorldBankestimatesthatoverallwastewillincreaseto3.4billiontonsifnothingisdonetochangethesituation.”（世界銀行估計，如果不采取措施改變這種狀況，垃圾總量將增加到34億噸。）由此判斷出，世界銀行認(rèn)為世界垃圾處理問題是嚴(yán)重的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sweden'srecyclingprogramissoefficientthatthecountryisrunningoutoftrash.Therecyclingrateisalmost99percentandtheyarerapidlyapproachingzerowaste.”（瑞典的回收計劃非常有效，以至于該國的垃圾快用完了?；厥章蕩缀踹_(dá)到99%，他們正在迅速接近零廢物）由此判斷出，瑞典在處理廢物方面做得很好。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmayhavegrownuplivingwithlotsofsiblings,orthismaybeyourfirsttimesharingyourlivingspacewithsomeoneelse.___36___Followthesetipstomakesureyouandyourroommatekeepthingspleasantandsupportivethroughouttheyear(orevenyears!).Addressproblemswhenthey'relittleIsyourroommatealwaysforgettingherstufffortheshower,andtakingyours?Areyourclothesbeingborrowedfasterthanyoucanwashthem?Addressingthingsthatbugyouwhilethey'restilllittlecanhelpyourroommatebeawareofsomethingshemaynototherwiseknow.Andaddressinglittlethingsismucheasierthanaddressingthemafterthey'vebecomebig.Respectyourroommate'sstuffThismayseemsimplebutit'sprobablyoneofthebiggestreasonswhyroommatesexperienceconflict.Don'tthinkhe'llmindifyouborrowhiscleatsforaquicksoccergame?Forallyouknow,youjuststeppedoveralinethatisnotcrossable.___37___Bemindfulofwhoyoubringintoyourroom-andhowoftenYoumaylovehavingyourstudygroupintoyourroom.___38___Bemindfulofhowoftenyoubringpeopleover.Ifyourroommatestudiesbestinthequiet,andyoustudybestinagroup,canyoualternatewhohitsthelibraryandwhogetstheroom?Befriendly,withoutexpectingtobebestfriendsDon'tgointoyourroommaterelationshipthinkingthatyouaregoingtobebestfriendsforthetimeyou'reatschool.___39___.Youshouldbefriendlywithyourroommatebutalsomakesureyouhaveyourownsocialcircles.___40___Treatyourroommatelikeyou'dliketobetreated.Dealwithproblemsproperly.Nomatterwhatyourrelationshipisattheendoftheyear,youcantakecomfortknowingyouactedlikeanadultandtreatedyourroommatewithrespect.A.Ifnothingelse,followthegoldenruleB.Don'tborrow,use,ortakeanythingwithoutgettingpermissionfirstC.ButyourroommatemaynotD.Whilehavingaroommateinevitablyhasitschallenges,itcanalsobeagreatpartofyourlifeexperienceE.However,yourroommatemayalsothinksoF.Addressproblemswhenthey'rebig,tooG.Itmayhappen,butexpectingitsetsbothofyouupfortrouble【答案】36.D37.B38.C39.G40.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要講了如何能和舍友和諧相處，給出了五條建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youmayhavegrownuplivingwithlotsofsiblings,orthismaybeyourfirsttimesharingyourlivingspacewithsomeoneelse.(你可能和很多兄弟姐妹一起長大，或者這可能是你第一次和別人分享你的生活空間)”以及后文“Followthesetipstomakesureyouandyourroommatekeepthingspleasantandsupportivethroughouttheyear(orevenyears!).(遵循下面的建議，可以確保你和你的室友一整年，甚至好幾年都相處得愉快、相互支持)”可知，上文提到要和別人一起共用空間，后一句再給出和舍友和諧相處的建議，可知本句旨在說明和他人公用空間有挑戰(zhàn)性，后文則是對此提出建議，故D選項(xiàng)“雖然擁有舍友不可避免地具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但是也可能是你人生經(jīng)歷中的一個好部分”最符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thismayseemsimple,butit'sprobablyoneofthebiggestreasonswhyroommatesexperienceconflict.Don'tthinkhe'llmindifyouborrowhiscleatsforaquicksoccergame.Forallyouknow,youjuststeppedoveralinethatisnotcrossable.(這似乎很簡單，但這可能是室友之間產(chǎn)生沖突的最大原因之一。不要以為想他不會介意你借他的球鞋去踢一場足球賽吧。你怎么知道你剛剛不是越過了一條不可逾越的界限)”可知，上文提到要尊重舍友的物品，不要認(rèn)為別人不介意你借他的東西可知，故B選項(xiàng)“未經(jīng)允許，不要借用、使用或拿走任何東西”最符合語境，故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youmaylovehavingyourstudygroupintoyourroom.(你可能喜歡讓你的學(xué)習(xí)小組進(jìn)入你的房間)”以及后文“Bemindfulofhowoftenyoubringpeopleover.(注意你帶客人過來的頻率)”可知，上文提到你可能喜歡讓你的學(xué)習(xí)小組來你宿舍，而后文則說要注意你帶人來宿舍的次數(shù)，可知本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出舍友可能不喜歡你經(jīng)常帶人進(jìn)宿舍，故C選項(xiàng)“但可能你的舍友不（喜歡你帶人來宿舍）”最符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Befriendly,withoutexpectingtobebestfriends(要友好，不要期望成為最好的朋友)”以及后文“Youshouldbefriendlywithyourroommatebutalsomakesureyouhaveyourownsocialcircles.(你應(yīng)該和你的室友友好相處，但也要確保你有自己的社交圈)”可知，小標(biāo)題表示不要期待成為最好的朋友，空格前后也在強(qiáng)調(diào)這件事可知，此處選G最符合段落中心思想，it指代expectingtobebestfriends，故G選項(xiàng)“可能你們會