中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解第1課時(shí)

閱讀理解專(zhuān)題第1課時(shí)

綜合復(fù)習(xí)

【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】

1.知識(shí)與技能：通過(guò)閱讀，掌握文章的中心思想和主要事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。

2.過(guò)程與方法：根據(jù)閱讀目的，運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單的閱策略快速獲取細(xì)節(jié)信息，掌握閱讀的策略技巧。

3.情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀：克服閱讀理解的心理障礙，培養(yǎng)自信心。

課前預(yù)習(xí)案

同學(xué)們，在閱讀理解的解題過(guò)程中，你又哪些疑惑或者困難？

課堂探究案

真題呈現(xiàn)。

A

Wecan'trememberclearlysincewhenwestartedtotakeourmobilestoadinnertable.Thishappensalot,especially

whenweeatout.Onceadishcomes,insteadofliftingourchopsticks,wetakeoutourmobilesandclick.Later,we

postthephotosontoWeiboorWeChat,waitingtobe“l(fā)iked".Thenwecheckourmobilesfromtimetotimeduringthe

meal,toseewhetherweget“l(fā)iked“ornot.Wejustcannotleaveourmobilesforonlyameal.

Doesthatsoundfamiliartoyou?Doyoudothatoften?Ifnot,howdoyoufeelwhenothersdothatwhenhaving

dinnerwithyou?

Arecentstudysuggeststhatwhatweareusedtodoingisnotsogood.Spendingtimetakingphotosoffoodmakesthe

foodlesspleasant.Totestthis,someresearchersdidanexperiment.Somepeoplewereaskedtotakephotosbeforethey

couldenjoyfood.Asaresult,itshowedthatthemorephotostheytook,▲.So,whynotstoptakingphotosand

justenjoythefoodinfrontofyou?

Besidesthescientificresult,therearealsosomeotherbadinfluencesoftakingphotosoffoodbeforemeals.After

postingthephotosontotheInternet,onewillnotbeabletocontrolhimselfandcheckhismobilemanytimes."Does

everyonelikemyphotos?Ihopealotofpeoplelikethem!”Itseemsthatyourmobilesecretlycallsyournameallthe

time,evenwhenyouarewithrealpeople.

So,nexttimeyougoouttohavedinnerwithyourfamilyorfriends,howaboutnottakingphotosoffood?Letthe

foodbedeliciousasitisandshareyourlifewithpeoplearoundyou.Trustme,itwillbeawonderfultime.

1.Fromthepassage,whathappensalotatthedinnertablenowadays?

A.PeopletalkabouttheirWeiboorWeChat.

B.Peoplelearnfromeachotherhowtocookdishes.

C.Peopleliketakingphotoswithfriendsorfamilies.

D.Peopletakephotosoffoodandpostthembeforeeating.

2.WhichofthefollowingcanbeputintheAinParagraph3?

A.thelesscheerfultheybecame

B.thelessdeliciousthefoodseemedtothem

C.themoreinterestedtheywereinthefood

D.themore“l(fā)iked”theygotonWeiboorWeChat

3.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphtalkabout?

A.Thereasonsforcheckingyourmobiles.

B.ThewaysofpostingthephotosontotheInternet.

C.Thetips（提示）ofmakingotherslikeyourphotosontheWeibo.

D.Someotherbadinfluencesoftakingphotosoffoodbeforemeals.

4.Whichofthefollowingisthewriter\opinion?

A.Wetakeoutourmobilesandclickwhenadishcomes.

B.Wecheckourmobilesfromtimetotimeduringthemeal.

C.Spendingtimetakingphotosoffoodmakesthefoodlesspleasant.

D.Somepeoplewereaskedtotakephotosbeforetheycouldenjoyfood.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Takephotosoffoodinordertohaveawonderfullife.

B.Takephotosofdeliciousfoodandsharethemwithothers.

C.Remembertohavedinnerwithourfamilyandfriendsathome.

D.Enjoythelifewithpeoplearoundusinsteadoftakingphotosoffood.

二.策略指導(dǎo)

閱讀理解在中考英語(yǔ)試題中，占有相當(dāng)大的比例，比分比較大。而且文章題材涉及甚廣。像日常生活、人物、

史地、科普常識(shí)、經(jīng)濟(jì)等諸多方面。

BMC篇D篇

2017年穿衣改變?nèi)说男愿瘢ㄈ死首x者支付方式共享單車(chē)

物故事類(lèi)）

（影視節(jié)目類(lèi)）（社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類(lèi)）（社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類(lèi)）

話(huà)題類(lèi)別預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容

廣告圖表類(lèi)學(xué)生活動(dòng)通知，比如運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，春游等。另外景點(diǎn)介紹也是熱點(diǎn)之一。廣告，通知，

招聘，人物介紹等。

人物故事類(lèi)寓言，親情故事，哲理故事或者人物故事。知名人物，運(yùn)動(dòng)明星，吉尼斯紀(jì)錄者，

諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者等。

影視節(jié)目類(lèi)電視節(jié)目類(lèi)，中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)，最強(qiáng)大腦，《厲害了我的國(guó)》

社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類(lèi)各種手機(jī)APP。比如百度地圖，高德地圖，作業(yè)幫，小猿搜題，攜程旅游，去哪

2014年救鄰居于火中（人物故爸爸去哪兒（影視節(jié)目類(lèi)）圖表類(lèi)，旅游指南（廣告智能廚房

事類(lèi)）圖表類(lèi)）

（科技創(chuàng)新類(lèi)）

兒網(wǎng)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)兼職，網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙等。十九大。

健康保健類(lèi)人類(lèi)亞健康，學(xué)生近視眼，手機(jī)電腦輻射等。

環(huán)保低碳類(lèi)環(huán)保和循環(huán)利用技術(shù)，海水淡化技術(shù)，地球變暖，交通等。

科技創(chuàng)新類(lèi)高鐵，GPS導(dǎo)航，機(jī)器人。

(一)閱讀理解部分考試題型大致可分為以下幾個(gè)類(lèi)型：

1、主旨大義題

主旨題主要測(cè)試學(xué)生對(duì)文章中心思想、主旨大意的理解能力。在初中階段，有關(guān)這類(lèi)題的常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式為：

Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

在處理這類(lèi)問(wèn)題時(shí)，通常采用快讀方法，先從頭到尾把文章瀏覽一遍，因?yàn)檫@樣可以使注意力集中于文章的整

體思路及要點(diǎn)之間的聯(lián)系，而較慢的閱讀會(huì)使你過(guò)分注意細(xì)節(jié)，甚至個(gè)別詞，因而影響對(duì)主題的概括。特別要注意

仔細(xì)閱讀開(kāi)頭段和結(jié)尾段，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)文章的中心思想都出現(xiàn)在這兩段里。

2、事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

細(xì)節(jié)題主要測(cè)試學(xué)生識(shí)別閱讀材料中的具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的能力。考生必須特別注意作者在陳述中談到的是何

人、何事、何處、何時(shí)、何故，在有關(guān)此類(lèi)問(wèn)題的地方作一個(gè)標(biāo)記，以便在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)迅速查找。

3、詞義猜測(cè)題

詞義題主要是檢測(cè)學(xué)生在具體文章中，根據(jù)上下文理解某個(gè)詞或某個(gè)短語(yǔ)的意義的能力。遇到這類(lèi)試題，可從

以下三方面入手：

(1)通過(guò)上下文的種種提示來(lái)準(zhǔn)確猜出這個(gè)詞的含義。

(2)一個(gè)單詞可以通過(guò)前綴、后綴、合成等形式派生出來(lái)很多單詞，因此可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法辨認(rèn)其中的詞根的含義,

就可以判斷出其派生、轉(zhuǎn)化或復(fù)合詞的其他詞義。

(3)如果遇到非常熟悉的詞匯，一定要盡量撇開(kāi)其基本含義，注意其引申的意義。

4,推斷推理題

推斷題主要考查學(xué)生透過(guò)文章的表面文字信息，進(jìn)行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。

(二)做題步驟

1.速讀文章，理清脈絡(luò)

快速通讀全文，弄清文章的脈絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)和文章的主旨大意。要正確處理好“快”和“準(zhǔn)”的關(guān)系，在正確把握文

章整體、細(xì)節(jié)以及嚴(yán)密推理的基礎(chǔ)上，提高閱讀速度。

2.細(xì)讀題干，分析對(duì)比選項(xiàng)

對(duì)文章題干進(jìn)行仔細(xì)閱讀，對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，確定本題要考查的方向，提煉出最關(guān)鍵的信息。在答題時(shí)，先

瀏覽題目，帶著問(wèn)題閱讀文章，特別關(guān)注首尾段和首尾句。

3.掃讀文章，搜索有效信息

帶著題目掃讀與題目有關(guān)的語(yǔ)段，確定與題目相吻合的有效信息。針對(duì)和題目相關(guān)的長(zhǎng)難句，首先分析其類(lèi)型,

然后理清句子成分，去除干擾成分，抓住句子主干，準(zhǔn)確把握句子的含義。閱讀時(shí)，必須以原文提供的事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)和

邏輯關(guān)系為依據(jù)，切忌把自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法與原文或作者的觀點(diǎn)看法混為一談。

4.分析信息，定位正確答案

對(duì)與題目相關(guān)的有效信息進(jìn)行分析判斷，與題目選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行聯(lián)系對(duì)比，最終確定正確答案。解答閱讀理解題絕不

能粗心，更不能憑空想象，要結(jié)合文章的主旨大意，從已知到未知，作出合理的推測(cè)。答題時(shí)，不僅要理解文章的細(xì)

節(jié)，更要理解文章的主旨，這樣才能作出正確的推理判斷。

課堂達(dá)標(biāo)案

A

Chinaisagreatcountrywiththelargestpopulationintheworld.Inorderto

solvethepopulationproblem,ourgovernmentcarriedoutone-childpolicy（政策）

before.WhenitiscaiTiedoutforsometime,manypeoplenotonlyseeitsadvantages

butalsodisadvantages.

From2016,two-childpolicyisputintoeffect.Inmyopinion,two-childpolicyis

good.Firstofall,two-childpolicyisthegiftfor

someonlychild.Forsomefamilies,maybetheparentsareonlychildandtheyalsocan

haveonlychild.Besidesthelonelinessoftheirchild,whentheirchildgrowsupandtheygrowolder,theirchild

marryanonlychildgirl,theburden（負(fù)擔(dān)）ontheirchildandhiswifeistooheavy.Theirchildandhiswifehaveto

takecareoftwocouples.Usually,ayoungcouplelookingafteranoldcoupleisalittledifficult.Butiftheirparents

havetwochildren,theycansharetheburdenoftakingcareoftheirparents.Itwouldbemuchbetter.Secondly,

two-childpolicycanguarantee（保證）thenumberofChinesepopulation.

Allinall,one-childpolicyhasbeenoutofdate.Andtwo-childpolicyisneededandnecessary.Itcansolvethe

problemsofnowadays（現(xiàn)在）andthefuture.

1.Whichcountryhasthelargestpopulationintheworld?

A.America.B.Britain.C.China.D.Japan.

2.Theunderlinedphrase/carriedout“inParagraph1means""inChinese.

A.攜帶B.取消C.禁止D.實(shí)行

3.Ourgovernmentcarriedoutone-childpolicybeforeinorderto.

A.solvethepopulationproblem

B.takecareoftwooldcouples

C.sharetheburdenoftakingcareoftheirparents

D.arguethattwo-childpolicyshouldbeputintoeffect

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.One-childpolicyhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.[

B.Ifseasyforayoungcoupletolookafteranoldcouple.

C.Chinaisagreatcountrywiththelargestpopulationintheworld.

D.Forsomefamilies,maybetheparentsareonlychildandtheyalsocanhaveonlychildbefore2016.

5.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Two-childpolicyisneededandnecessary.

B.Ourgovernmentcarriedoutone-childpolicy.

C.Two-childpolicyisthegiftforsomeonlychild.

D.Two-childpolicycanguaranteethenumberofChinesepopulation.

課后拓展案

Extensivereading（課外拓展閱讀）

A

Itseemsthatschoolchildrenallovertheworldcomplain（抱怨）abouttheirschoolfood.Whatdostudentsofyourage

eatforlunchatschoolinothercountries?

Japan

Highschoolshavediningrooms.Theyserveeverythingfromnoodlestorice,butnotburgersandchips.Other

childrenbringfoodfromhome,suchascoldriceballs,meatorfish,pickles"包菜）andvegetables.Twiceayear

parentsareinvitedtohaveatasteofthefood.

UnitedStates

AtypicalmenufromaUSschoolismadeupofahamburgerwithfriedpotatoesorroastchicken,lettuceandpickles,

fruitandcookies.Schoollunchesmustalsoprovideatleastonethirdofthedailyamount（，總量）ofnecessarynutrition（營(yíng)

養(yǎng)），suchas,vitaminA,vitaminCandcalcium（鈣）.

Australia

Meatpies,sausagerolls（香腸卷）andhotdogsarealltraditionaldishesinAustralianschoolshops.Butasthecountry

paysmoreattentiontochildren'shealth,healthierfoodshavestartedtoappearonschoolmenus.Manyschoolshaveused

atrafficlightsystem.Thesaleofredlabeled（標(biāo)注）foods,includingcookies,chocolateandsoftdrinks,isservedonly

twiceaweek.Healthiergreenlabeledfoodssuchassushi,sandwiches,comandwatermelons,however,are

availableeveryday.

SouthAfrica

MostofSouthAfricanschoolsdonotservemealsatall.Classesendat1:30p.m.andstudentsgettheirownlunches.

Manystudentsbringfoodfromhome,usuallysandwiches.

Fastfoodandfriedfoodsellthebestamongstudents.Asaresult,ithascausedariseinobesity（月巴胖）among

children.Butasmorepeoplebegantorealizethatbeingtoofatmaycausedifferentkindsofseriousillnesses,some

schoolsintownshaveledthewaytowardsbetternutrition.Nowstudentsattheseschoolsareofferedlunchesofporridge

withvegetables,suchascabbage,onions,beans,carrotsandtomatoes.

1.HighschoolsinJapanserve.

A.noodlesandriceB.burgersandriceballs

C.chipsandvegetablesD.fishandroastchicken

2.Fromthepassage,weknowthetypicalmenufromaUSschoolis.

A.deliciousB.quitehealthy

C.notveryhealthyD.popularinSouthAfrica

3.WhicharetraditionaldishesinAustralia?

A.Meatpiesandhotdogs.B.Chocolateandsoftdrinks.

C.Cookiesandsushi.D.Sandwichesandcorn.

4.InSouthAfrica,.

A.moststudentshavesandwichesandvegetablesforlunch

B.studentslikefastfoodandfriedfoodverymuch

C.moreandmorestudentsbecomeill

D.studentsrealizedthatfastfoodandfriedfoodwerebadfortheirhealth

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

A.ParentsinJapanareinvitedtotastethefoodtwiceayear.

B.IntheUnitedStates,schoollunchesmustprovideatleastonethirdofthedailyamountofnecessarynutrition.

C.InAustralia,manyschoolshaveusedatrafficlightsystem.

D.InSouthAfrica,schoolsdon'tservemeals.

B

WelcometotheArtMuseum!

You'vejuststeppedintooneoftheworld'sgreatestcollectionsofart,coveringcenturiesofhumancreativityfrom

aroundtheworld.Withthousandsofworksonshow,youmaywonderhowtostartyourvisit,butweareheretohelp.

OnthebackofthisVisitorGuide,you'llfinddirectionstosomemust-seeworksinourcollection一the"don'tmiss^^list

fbrtheArtMuseum.It'sagreatchoicetostartifyouarenewtothemuseum.

Thefollowingpagesincludeaclearfloorplanofthemuseumanditscollections.Butbecausewehaveseveral

buildings,theoverlook（鳥(niǎo)瞰圖）belowmightbehelpful.Enjoyyourvisitandfeelfreetoaskfbrhelpanddirectionsat

anypointduringyourstay.

?MICHIGANAVENUE

IBUILDING

?Lowerf!oor:photography；THEMODERNWING

1Firstfloor:Asianart,Africanart,；Allfloors:20thand21st

!IndianartoftheAmericas,prints?centurypainting,

1

anddrawings；photography

；Secondfloor:European

；painting

MCKINLOCKCOURT

Lowerfloor: