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小升初英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)??碱}型:一、聽力1.聽句子中單詞,或者直接聽單詞2.依照聽到內(nèi)容選擇對(duì)應(yīng)回答句子3.選出與聽到句子相同意思句子4.聽短文,判斷正誤。二、語(yǔ)音:選出與畫線部分相同讀音三、用所給詞正確形式填空四、單項(xiàng)選擇五、把句子連成一段話六、完形填空七、依照?qǐng)D片內(nèi)容,完成對(duì)話八、閱讀了解:1.選出正確答案。2,判斷正誤。3,回答下列問(wèn)題。九、改錯(cuò)十、書面表示:作文第一部分:48個(gè)國(guó)際音標(biāo)教學(xué)(學(xué)會(huì)依照音標(biāo)讀單詞)1、語(yǔ)音:元音發(fā)音五個(gè)元音字母:AEIOU12個(gè)單元音:長(zhǎng)元音:/ɑ:/,/?:/,/?:/,/i:/,/u:/短元音:/?//e//i//?//∧//u//?/下面每組單詞中劃線字母讀音有一個(gè)與其余二個(gè)不一樣,請(qǐng)將這單詞標(biāo)號(hào)填入題前括號(hào)內(nèi)。()1.A.takeB.badC.have()2.A.fishB.findC.give()3.A.meB.bedC.red()4.A.glueB.runC.us()5.A.nightB.ghostC.daughter2、詞匯:詞匯量,近反義詞3、句子:大小寫,標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)第二部分:語(yǔ)法知識(shí)一、名詞:名詞單復(fù)數(shù),名詞格(一)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)1.通常情況,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice
child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese不可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)就是原型:paper,juice,water,milk,rice,tea(二)名詞格(1)有生命東西名詞全部格:?jiǎn)螖?shù)后加’s如:Lucy’srulermyfather’sshirt以s結(jié)尾復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加’如:hisfriends’bags不以s結(jié)尾復(fù)數(shù)后加’schildren’sshoes并列名詞中,假如把’s加在最終一個(gè)名詞后,表示共有,如:TomandMike’scar湯姆和邁克共有小汽車要表示全部物不是共有,應(yīng)分別在并列名詞后加’sTom’sandMike’scars湯姆和麥克各自小汽車(2)表示無(wú)生命東西名詞通慣用“of+名詞”來(lái)表示所關(guān)于系:如:apictureoftheclassroomamapofChina
二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:(1)不定冠詞:a/anaunit/anuncle元音開頭可數(shù)名詞前用an:anegg/anapple/anorange/aneraser/ananswer/anIDcard/analarmclock/anactor/anactress/ane-mail/anaddress/anevent/anexample/anopera/anhouranoldman/aninterestingbook/anexcitingsport/anactionmovie/anartlesson/(2)定冠詞:thetheeggtheplane2.使用方法:定冠詞使用方法:(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物:Therulerisonthedesk.(2)復(fù)述上文提到人或物:Hehasasweater.Thesweaterisnew.(3)談話雙方都知道人或物:Theboysaren’tatschool.(4)在序數(shù)詞前:John’sbirthdayisFebruarythesecond.(5)用于固定詞組中:inthemorning/afternoon/evening不用冠詞情況:(1)專有名詞前:Chinaisabigcountry.(2)名詞前有定語(yǔ):this,that,my,your,some,any,no等:Thisismybaseball.(3)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeyscan’tswim.Theyareteachers.(4)在節(jié)日,日期,月份,季節(jié)前:TodayisChristmasDay.It’sSunday.(5)一日三餐前:Wehavebreakfastat6:30.(6)球類棋類運(yùn)動(dòng)前:Theyoftenplayfootballafterclass.Heplayschessathome.*但樂器前要用定冠詞:Iplaytheguitarverywell.(7)學(xué)科名稱前:Myfavoritesubjectismusic.(8)在稱呼或頭銜名詞前:ThisisMrLi.(9)固定詞組中:atnoonatnightbybus三、代詞:人稱代詞,物主代詞主格賓格第一
人稱單數(shù)I(我)memy(我)復(fù)數(shù)we(我們)usour(我們)第二單數(shù)you(你)youyour(你)人稱復(fù)數(shù)you(你們)youyour(你們)第三
人稱單數(shù)he(他)himhis(他)she(她)herher(她)it(它)itits(它)復(fù)數(shù)they(他們/她們/它們)themtheir(他們/她們/它們)四、形容詞,副詞:比較級(jí),最高級(jí)(一)、形容詞比較級(jí)
1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中利用:兩個(gè)事物或人比較用比較級(jí),比較級(jí)后面通常帶有單詞than。比較級(jí)前面能夠用more,alittle來(lái)修飾表示程度。than后人稱代詞用主格(口語(yǔ)中可用賓格)。
2.形容詞加er規(guī)則:
⑴通常在詞尾加er;
⑵以字母e結(jié)尾,加r;
⑶以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾輔音字母,再加er;
⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er。
3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí):
good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful
(二)副詞比較級(jí)
1.形容詞與副詞區(qū)分(有be用形,有形用be;有動(dòng)用副,有副用動(dòng))
⑴在句子中形容詞通常處于名詞之前或be動(dòng)詞之后
⑵副詞在句子中最常見是處于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之后
2.副詞比較級(jí)改變規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級(jí)相同(不規(guī)則改變:well-better,far-farther)
五、數(shù)詞:基數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞(一)基數(shù)詞(1)1-20one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty(2)21-99先說(shuō)“幾十”,再說(shuō)“幾”,中間加連字符。23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one(3)101—999先說(shuō)“幾百”,再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);586→fivehundredandeighty-six,803→eighthundredandthree(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)“,”,第一個(gè)“,”前為thousand.第二個(gè)“,”前為million,第三個(gè)“,”前為billion
1,001→onethousandandone
18,423→eighteenthousand,fourhundredandtwenty-three
6,260,309→sixmilliontwohundredandsixtythousandthreehundredandnine
750,000,000,000→sevenhundredandfiftybillion(二)序數(shù)詞(1)通常在基數(shù)詞后加theg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth(2)不規(guī)則改變one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth(3)以y結(jié)尾十位整數(shù),變y為ie再加thtwenty→twentieth,forty→fortieth,ninety→ninetieth
(4)從二十一后“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個(gè)位基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。twenty-first,twohundredandforty-fifth基數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)為序數(shù)詞口訣:基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾加上-th.一,二,三,特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e,ve要用f替。ty將y變成i,th前面有個(gè)e.若是碰到幾十幾,前用基來(lái)后用序。六、介詞:慣用介詞:in,on,at,behind等1.at表示時(shí)間概念某一個(gè)點(diǎn)。(在某時(shí)刻、時(shí)間、階段等)。at1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一點(diǎn)鐘(拂曉、午夜、中午)2.on1)表示詳細(xì)日期。注:(1)關(guān)于"在周末"幾個(gè)表示法:at(on)theweekend在周末---特指at(on)weekends在周末---泛指overtheweekend在整個(gè)周末duringtheweekend在周末期間(2)在圣誕節(jié),應(yīng)說(shuō)atChristmas而不說(shuō)onChristmas2)在(剛……)時(shí)候。Onreachingthecityhecalleduphisparents.一到城里他就給父母打了一個(gè)電話。3.in1)表示"時(shí)段"、"時(shí)期",在多數(shù)情況下能夠和during交換,前者強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)比,后者強(qiáng)調(diào)連續(xù)。in(during)1988(December,the20thcentury)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀(jì))七、動(dòng)詞:動(dòng)詞四種時(shí)態(tài):(1)通?,F(xiàn)在時(shí):通?,F(xiàn)在時(shí)組成
1.be動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。
2.行為動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如:WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。
動(dòng)詞+s改變規(guī)則
1.通常情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:study-studies
(2)通常過(guò)去時(shí):動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式詳解動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式組成規(guī)則有:A、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞①
通常直接在動(dòng)詞后面加ed:如worked,learned,cleaned,visited②以e結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞直接加d:如lived,danced,used③
以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed(這類動(dòng)詞較少)如study–studiedcarry–carriedworry–worried(注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于這類)④雙寫最終一個(gè)字母(這類動(dòng)詞較少)如stoppedB、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞(這類詞并無(wú)規(guī)則,須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞原形和過(guò)去式:sing–sang,eat–ate,see–saw,have–had,do–did,go–went,take–took,buy–bought,get–got,read–read,fly–flew,am/is–was,are–were,say–said,leave–left,swim–swam,tell–told,draw–drew,come–came,lose–lost,find–found,drink–drank,hurt–hurt,feel–felt(3)通常未來(lái)時(shí):基本結(jié)構(gòu):①begoingto+do;②will+do.begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):am,is,are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解動(dòng)詞ing形式組成規(guī)則:①
通常直接在后面加上ing,如doing,going,working,singing,eating②以e結(jié)尾動(dòng)詞,要先去e再加ing,如having,writing③雙寫最終一個(gè)字母(這類動(dòng)詞極少)有:running,swimming,sitting,getting第三部分:句法1.陳說(shuō)句(1)必定句:是指用必定語(yǔ)氣來(lái)陳說(shuō)句子,如:I’mastudent.Sheisadoctor.Heworksinahospital.Therearefourfansinourclassroom.Hewilleatlunchat12:00.IwatchedTVyesterdayevening.(2)、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞句子,如:I’mnotastudent.Sheisnot(isn’t)adoctor.Hedoesnot(doesn’t)workinahospital.Therearenot(aren’t)fourfansinourclassroom.Hewillnot(won’t)eatlunchat12:00.Ididnot(didn’t)watchTVyesterdayevening.2.疑問(wèn)句通常疑問(wèn)句:是指問(wèn)詢事實(shí)句子,這類句子必須用“yes”,或“no”往返答。特殊疑問(wèn)句:以特殊疑問(wèn)詞(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)開頭引導(dǎo)句子。這類句子應(yīng)該問(wèn)什么就答什么,不能用“yes、no”往返答。3.Therebe句型Therebe句型與have,has區(qū)分
1、Therebe句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)
2、在therebe句型中,主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用is;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾件物品,be動(dòng)詞依照最*近be動(dòng)詞那個(gè)名詞決定。
3、therebe句型否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not,通常疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。
4、therebe句型與have(has)區(qū)分:therebe表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人擁有某物。
5、some和any在therebe句型中利用:some用于必定句,any用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。
6、and和or在therebe句型中利用:and用于必定句,or用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。
7、針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)特殊疑問(wèn)句基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:
Howmany+
名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語(yǔ)?
Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語(yǔ)?
8、針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)特殊疑問(wèn)句基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:
What’s+介詞短語(yǔ)?
第三部分:情景交際1、同學(xué)之間相互打招呼時(shí)能夠說(shuō):()A.Hello!B.Goodbye!2、向他人作自我介紹時(shí)說(shuō):()A.I’mSarah.B.Hello!3、家里來(lái)了客人,要禮貌地說(shuō):()A.What’syourname?B.Welcome!4、老師問(wèn)你名字,你回答:()A.What’syourname?B.MynameisChenJie.5、早上見到老師能夠說(shuō):()A.Goodmorning!B.Goodafternoon!6、當(dāng)你同學(xué)把他弟兄John介紹給你認(rèn)識(shí)時(shí),你對(duì)John說(shuō):()A.ThisisJohn.B.Nicetomeetyou.7、你想把你好朋友Mike介紹給你媽媽時(shí)能夠說(shuō):()A.ThisisMike.B.Hi!Mike8、你想邀請(qǐng)你同學(xué)和你一起去上學(xué),你說(shuō):()A.Thisismyschool.B.Let’sgotoschool.9、問(wèn)候你朋友能夠說(shuō):()A.Howareyou?B.Nicetomeetyou.10、他人對(duì)你說(shuō):Howareyou?時(shí),你回答說(shuō):()A.Fine,thankyou.B.I’mnine.11、你想知道新同學(xué)名字,能夠問(wèn)他:()A.What’syourname?B.Welcome!12、想跟人家道別,能夠說(shuō):()A.Welcome!B.Goodbye.13、問(wèn)他人紅鉛筆在哪,應(yīng)該說(shuō):()A.Whereisyourredpencil?B.Whereisyourblackpencil?14、他人幫你忙,你應(yīng)該說(shuō):()A.Thankyou!B.You’rewelcome.15、他人向你致謝,你應(yīng)該說(shuō):()A.Thankyou!B.You’rewelcome.16、你想告訴他人你喜歡紅色時(shí),你說(shuō):()A.Ilikegreen.B.Ilikered.17、請(qǐng)他人看你時(shí),你說(shuō):()A.Thisisme.B.Lookatme.18、你同學(xué)向你提議一起去上學(xué),你同意了說(shuō):()A.Hi!B.OK!19、人家問(wèn)Whereisyourbook?你指著書說(shuō):()A.Thisismybook.B.Hereitis.20、Mike對(duì)你說(shuō)“Ilikewhite”你也喜歡,你能夠說(shuō):()A.Metoo.B.Thisiswhite.21、你想告訴他人你有一個(gè)黑色書包,你說(shuō):()A.Thisisablackbag.B.Ihaveablackbag.22、你想知道對(duì)方是誰(shuí),能夠問(wèn):()A.Howareyou?B.Whoareyou?23、老師在教新單詞,要求同學(xué)們認(rèn)真觀察他口型時(shí)說(shuō):()A.Lookatmyeye.B.Lookatmymouth.24、要邀請(qǐng)他人喝牛奶,能夠說(shuō):()A.Havesomemilk!B.Ilikemilk.25、Mike想吃漢堡包,你拿給他時(shí)說(shuō):()A.CanIhaveahamburger?B.Hereyouare.26、向媽媽表示自己想喝果汁時(shí)說(shuō):()A.Havesomejuice,please.B.CanIhavesomejuice?27、他人請(qǐng)你吃東西,你不想吃了說(shuō):()A.Yes,thankyou.B.No,thankyou.28、請(qǐng)他人把他玩具熊給你看時(shí)說(shuō):()A.ShowmeyourTeddyBear.B.WhereisyourTeddyBear?29、想看他人東西時(shí)問(wèn):()A.MayIhavealook?B.Howoldareyou?30、中國(guó)國(guó)旗顏色是:()A.RedB.Redandyellow.31、美國(guó)國(guó)旗顏色是:()A.Redandblue.B.Red,blueandwhite32、以下單詞哪個(gè)在身體最下部:()A.armB.footC.leg33、你想知道對(duì)方年紀(jì)能夠問(wèn):()A.Howareyou?B.Howoldareyou?34、教師節(jié)到了,你對(duì)老師說(shuō):()A.Happybirthday!B.HappyTeacher’sDay!35、你把一個(gè)蛋糕送給Mike說(shuō):()A.Thisisforyou.B.Havesomecakes.36、你想問(wèn)人家有幾本書,說(shuō):()A.Howmanybooks?BHowoldareyou?37、想告訴他人你幸運(yùn)號(hào)碼是6時(shí),說(shuō):()A.Myluckynumberisfive.B.Myluckynumberissix.38、當(dāng)你打電話給他人,電話接通后,你應(yīng)對(duì)接聽電話人說(shuō):()A.MayIspeakto…,please?B.Isit….speaking?39、假如你想問(wèn)是誰(shuí)在接聽電話,應(yīng)說(shuō):()A.Isthat…speaking?B.Areyou….?40、假如在電話里你想告訴對(duì)方你是誰(shuí),應(yīng)說(shuō):()A.I’m…B.Thisis….speaking.41、假如有些人打錯(cuò)電話,你應(yīng)說(shuō):()A.Sorry,wrongnumber.B.Sorry,youarewrong.42、假如你想問(wèn)詢他人病情,你能夠說(shuō):()A.Howdoyoufeelnow?B.What’sthematterwithyou?C.Howaboutyou?43、假如你想問(wèn)詢他人在某段時(shí)間里通常會(huì)做什么事情,你應(yīng)說(shuō):()A.Whatdoyouusuallydoon…B.Whatareyoudoingon….C.Whatwouldyouliketodoon…44、當(dāng)你不認(rèn)識(shí)去車站路是,能夠問(wèn):()A.HowcanIgettothebusstop?B.Doyouknowthewaytothebusstop?C.Canyoutellmethewaytothebusstop?45、假如有些人問(wèn)路,而你不知道,能夠說(shuō):()A.It’soverthere,Ithink.B.Goandaskthepoliceman.C.Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youmangoandaskthepoliceman.46、有些人到你學(xué)校參觀,你表示歡迎,能夠說(shuō):()A.Welcometoourschool.B.Welcomebacktoschool.C.Thisisourschool.47、當(dāng)你想請(qǐng)他人照看一下你朋友時(shí),能夠說(shuō):()A.Comeandhelpme,please.B.Pleaselookatmyfriend.C.Couldyoupleaselookaftermyfriend?48、當(dāng)你想知道橡皮放在哪兒,問(wèn):()A.Whereistheeraser?B.Whereisthepen?C.Whereisitfrom?49、當(dāng)你提醒小明不要在房間玩球時(shí),說(shuō):()A.Don’treadinbed,XiaoMing.B.Don’tbelateforschool,XiaoMing.C.Don’tplayballintheroom,XiaoMing.50、當(dāng)你想知道他人能看見幾輛汽車時(shí),問(wèn):()A.Howmuchisthecar?B.Howmanycarscanyousee?C.Icanseefivecars.第四部分:閱讀訓(xùn)練淺淡閱讀了解做題技巧:(一)、閱讀了解通常分為故事幽默類、說(shuō)明、科普類等。1故事幽默類通常前面都在為幽默做鋪墊,只有讀到最終才能顯現(xiàn)出幽默之出來(lái)。這類短文通常難度不大,認(rèn)真閱讀,仔細(xì)選擇,問(wèn)題都能夠處理,如WriteaLettertoMary,ADirtyBoy,OntheBus等2小學(xué)說(shuō)明,科普類短文都十分淺顯,只要具備一點(diǎn)科普常識(shí)都會(huì)讀懂,如,Time,theSpringFestival.等,即使文章較長(zhǎng),問(wèn)題也十分顯著,從文中都能找到答案.同學(xué)可動(dòng)手做做下題:依照短文內(nèi)容選擇答案.1.Samisverygoodatschool,butheisnotclean.Hisfaceandhandsareoftendirty.Hewashesthemwithwateronly.Hedoesnotusesoap(肥皂).Samhasanuncle.Onedayhisunclegoestoseehim.Helooksathimandsays,“Sam,Iknowwhatyouateforbreakfastthismorning.”“What?”Samlooksathisuncleandsays.“Eggs”sayshisuncle,“Yourfaceandmouthtellmethat.”“Youarewrong,uncle!”saysSam,“Nottodayoryesterday,butthedaybeforeyesterday(前天)!”()(1).WhoisSam?A.HeisEnglish.B.Heisastudent.CHeisayoungpioneer.DHeisateacher.()(2)What’stheChinesefor“dirty”?A.臟.B.潔凈C.壞D.好()(3)What’sonSam’sfaceandmouth?AEggs.BSoapCWaterDBread()(4)Whichoftheseisnotwrong?ASamdoesn’twashhisfaceandhandseveryday.B.Theunclethinkstheboyateeggslastmorning.CSamdoesn’tlikeeggsatall.D.Samdoesn’tknowhisuncle.2.Hen(母雞):Thereissomericehere.Eatitlikethis,mychildren.Chickens:Likethis,Mother?Hen:Yes,that’sright,good.Eagle(鷹):Therearesomechickenshere.Iwanttoeatthem.Hen:Don’tworry,mychildren.Letmedowithit.Eagle:Canyouletmeeatsomechickens,Mrs.Hen?Hen:No,youcan’t.Thereisahunter(獵人)nearhere.Eagle:Imustgonow.Hen:Let’sgohome,mychildren.Chickens:Allright.()(1)Thechickenlikestoeatthe____.AhenBriceCchickenDhischildren()(2)Thehen_____lookafterherchildren.AcanBcan’tCisDisn’t()(3)______savesthechickens.AThehunter.BThehenCTheeagleDAman()(4)Theeaglecan’teat_____atlast.AthechickensBgo.CthehunterDthehen(二)、解題時(shí)有以下幾個(gè)方法:(1)略讀法:關(guān)鍵是在能抓住文章關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)前提下以個(gè)人最快速度閱讀,取得足夠信息方便準(zhǔn)確地回答關(guān)于文章主旨和大意問(wèn)題。要尤其注意文章首尾兩段,第一段往往點(diǎn)明文章主題或作者意圖,而最終一段則經(jīng)??偨Y(jié)歸納或重述文章主要內(nèi)容。要學(xué)會(huì)尋找文章段落主題句,因?yàn)榘衙慷沃黝}句意思綜合起來(lái)實(shí)際上就是全文中心思想,文章主題句也可能出現(xiàn)在段落中間或結(jié)尾。(2)查閱法:考生能夠不需要閱讀整篇文章,而只需找出可能包含所需信息部分,然后加以閱讀就行。查閱法主要用于取得詳細(xì)信息,即誰(shuí)、什么、什么時(shí)間、什么地點(diǎn)、什么原因以及怎樣發(fā)生等關(guān)于或者詳細(xì)數(shù)字。(3)同義互釋法:在小學(xué)升學(xué)考試中有些深層了解或者判斷推理問(wèn)題能夠采取同義互釋法。(4)判斷推理法:有時(shí)4個(gè)題項(xiàng)中不止一個(gè)能夠作為答案項(xiàng),這時(shí)就應(yīng)該意識(shí)到該題是一個(gè)判斷推理題。要依照文章主旨和作者意圖,選擇比較,去偽存真,選出切合文章主旨和作者意圖最好答案。(三)、同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲩喿x了解時(shí)應(yīng)注意問(wèn)題有哪些?1、搞清文章體裁,快速了解文章。對(duì)不一樣體裁文章,要依照其體裁特點(diǎn),利用不一樣方法快速閱讀,正確了解。記敘文一開始交待人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件,然后詳細(xì)敘述原因。議論文中,作者先提論點(diǎn),再加以分析,或舉例論證,得出結(jié)論。說(shuō)明文中,作者先提出說(shuō)明對(duì)象,然后從時(shí)間、空間、用途、方法、步驟等不一樣側(cè)面加以說(shuō)明。2、仔細(xì)研讀首尾句,預(yù)測(cè)文中細(xì)節(jié)。小學(xué)升學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)文章往往隱去了標(biāo)題,這給抓文章中心帶來(lái)了困難。然而,英語(yǔ)寫作特點(diǎn)通常是按"總-分-總"這一思緒來(lái)寫。所以,研讀首、尾句,不但能夠幫助考生抓住文章內(nèi)容,還能夠揣測(cè)作者態(tài)度、意圖,從而深入猜出作者著主要寫細(xì)節(jié)。3、略讀選答,帶問(wèn)閱讀。做英語(yǔ)閱讀了解題時(shí),首先應(yīng)瀏覽一遍所提問(wèn)題及選項(xiàng),然后帶著這些問(wèn)題有目標(biāo)、有針對(duì)性地閱讀文章。4、聯(lián)絡(luò)生活常識(shí),及早排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。閱讀了解中四個(gè)選項(xiàng),有時(shí)有一個(gè)或兩個(gè)與常識(shí)或其余學(xué)科中所學(xué)知識(shí)不相符。我們可先將其排隊(duì)在閱讀中對(duì)所剩下選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行篩選就輕易多了。5、解題前要仔細(xì)通讀全文,碰到難解詞組和句子不要急躁,盡可能依照上下文悟出其義,解題時(shí)要"帶著問(wèn)題讀查短文"分析判斷,整題解完后要認(rèn)真復(fù)查。6、注意不要改變自己閱讀習(xí)慣。有考生先看題目后看文章,有先看文章再看題目,你平時(shí)怎么練,考試就怎么做。暫時(shí)改變自己習(xí)慣效果往往不好。其次,看清楚題目是概括中心型還是推理判斷性。概括某一段中心時(shí)注意這一段首句和尾句;推理判斷題要注意題目問(wèn)是作者態(tài)度,不是你態(tài)度。第五部分:書面表示
怎樣進(jìn)行小學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作教學(xué)?新頒布《英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》對(duì)基礎(chǔ)教育階段聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫四個(gè)技能提出了九個(gè)級(jí)別目標(biāo)要求,其中在語(yǔ)言技能(聽說(shuō)讀寫)二級(jí)“寫”目標(biāo)描述明確要求“小學(xué)生能模仿范例寫句子;能寫出簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)候語(yǔ);能依照要求為圖片、實(shí)物等寫出簡(jiǎn)短標(biāo)題或描述;能基本正確地使用大小寫字母和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)?!爆F(xiàn)要求學(xué)生在小學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí)英語(yǔ)水平應(yīng)達(dá)成二級(jí)目標(biāo),甚至超越此目標(biāo)。所以,在平時(shí)教學(xué)中我們就要滲透英語(yǔ)寫作教學(xué)。
一、
小學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作教學(xué)中存在問(wèn)題。
在當(dāng)前小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中,教師往往只組織大量聽說(shuō)活動(dòng),而無(wú)視對(duì)寫有效訓(xùn)練;現(xiàn)在教材在重視聽說(shuō)訓(xùn)練同時(shí),對(duì)寫內(nèi)容安排極少,而且缺乏對(duì)應(yīng)指導(dǎo)。另外,教師中仍存著一些錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí):寫作教學(xué)和訓(xùn)練過(guò)于費(fèi)時(shí),影響教學(xué)進(jìn)度;寫作作業(yè)難批改;寫作教學(xué)枯燥,易降低課堂活力;英文寫作對(duì)小學(xué)生而言太難了等等。不過(guò),兒童語(yǔ)言能力發(fā)展是綜合,聽、說(shuō)、讀、寫各項(xiàng)能力之間相互制約,相互促進(jìn),任何一項(xiàng)能力滯后都會(huì)影響到其余能力發(fā)展。我們應(yīng)該更新教學(xué)觀念,設(shè)計(jì)一些符合學(xué)生認(rèn)知規(guī)律、實(shí)效性較高寫作活動(dòng),促進(jìn)學(xué)生英語(yǔ)技能全方面發(fā)展。
二、那么怎樣有效進(jìn)行寫作教學(xué)呢?
一)由淺入深,培養(yǎng)寫作興趣。
對(duì)于小學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)創(chuàng)造性地利用語(yǔ)言確實(shí)有一定難度,所以在寫作教學(xué)中,教師應(yīng)針對(duì)兒童年紀(jì)特點(diǎn)和語(yǔ)言水平,設(shè)計(jì)難易適中且充滿童趣寫作任務(wù)。尤其是對(duì)于低年級(jí)學(xué)生詞匯量有限,教師更要依照教材主題或語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生易完成寫作任務(wù)。如對(duì)于三年級(jí)學(xué)生,教師可能將閱讀材料中一些關(guān)鍵詞或詞組挖空,讓學(xué)生聯(lián)絡(luò)上下文猜詞填空。如經(jīng)過(guò)填詞練習(xí)讓學(xué)生描述動(dòng)物:
Mypet
Ihavea_______.Itis_______and________.Ithasgot_____.Ithasgot_______and________.Itcan________.Itcan_______,too.Iteats_______.Myparentslike_______verymuch.Weare______friends.
這種填詞練習(xí),既能訓(xùn)練學(xué)生閱讀能力,又能培養(yǎng)學(xué)生初步語(yǔ)篇意識(shí),并為高年級(jí)寫作打下了基礎(chǔ)。循序漸進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí),既能讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)成功,也能讓學(xué)生建立寫作信心和興趣。
二)
善于挖掘?qū)懽魉夭摹?/p>
現(xiàn)在小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教材都提供了豐富學(xué)習(xí)素材。如全部采取彩色繪畫,且情景繪畫貫通一直;緊密結(jié)合兒童好奇、好動(dòng)、愛說(shuō)、愛唱和善于模仿和喜歡演出特點(diǎn)編排和設(shè)計(jì)教材內(nèi)容與形式;所以,教師應(yīng)深入挖掘教材內(nèi)容。在寫作教學(xué)中創(chuàng)設(shè)生動(dòng)情景不但能夠營(yíng)造氣氛和意境,激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)熱情,還有利于創(chuàng)造和模擬語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。教師在設(shè)計(jì)寫作內(nèi)容時(shí)要盡可能選擇一些學(xué)生比較熟悉又比較感興趣內(nèi)容,有意識(shí)地將寫作內(nèi)容向?qū)W生實(shí)際生活延伸。只有當(dāng)寫作內(nèi)容具備生活化特點(diǎn)時(shí),才能引發(fā)學(xué)生關(guān)注和興趣。如:我們五年級(jí)中Myfivesenses,Animalsinthezood等。這些寫作作業(yè)不但貼近學(xué)生生活,同時(shí)也激發(fā)了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣,經(jīng)過(guò)作業(yè)也讓學(xué)生增強(qiáng)了語(yǔ)法練習(xí)。
三)在合作、互動(dòng)中寫作。
對(duì)于一些難度較大、范圍較廣寫作內(nèi)容,能夠經(jīng)過(guò)開展合作寫作來(lái)完成。在合作寫作過(guò)程中,他們有機(jī)會(huì)相互交流,集思廣益,取人之長(zhǎng),補(bǔ)已之短;他們可能學(xué)習(xí)寫作,指導(dǎo)寫作,分享作品。比如:在六年級(jí)教學(xué)Myfavouritefestivals這一主題時(shí),讓學(xué)生以小組形式搜集各節(jié)日關(guān)于資料,然后集體討論,一人執(zhí)筆寫作,最終交流。在合作中寫作,既給學(xué)生留有獨(dú)立思索空間,又可促進(jìn)他們相互幫助與學(xué)習(xí)。
四)
利用圖表練習(xí)寫作;
教師應(yīng)為中年級(jí)小學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)階梯式寫作任務(wù)。設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)查內(nèi)容,讓學(xué)生經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)查活動(dòng),填寫表格是一個(gè)行之有效寫作活動(dòng)。比如:教學(xué)五年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit3Iprefer這一單元時(shí),要求學(xué)生介紹朋友飲食興趣。課前設(shè)計(jì)了以下表格,讓學(xué)生經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)查填寫表1,然后完成練習(xí)2寫作。
練習(xí)一:采訪你同學(xué),并完成下表。
nameWhichfooddoyouprefer?
Whichdrinkdoyouprefer?
Whatdoyoulikebest?
Why?練習(xí)二:依照采訪內(nèi)容完成下面描述。
Iprefer_________toeat,andIprefer_________todrink.Ilike_______best.Because_______________________.
練習(xí)三:仿照練習(xí)二,描述你一位朋友飲食興趣。
Myfriendis_________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________小學(xué)畢業(yè)班英語(yǔ)單詞和句型總復(fù)習(xí)三年級(jí)上冊(cè)單詞黑體字(73個(gè)單詞)
pen
pencil
pencil-case
book
bagruler
eraser
crayon
sharpener
school
head
face
nose
mouth
eye
ear
arm
hand
finger
leg
foot
body
red
yellow
green
blue
purple
white
black
orange
pink
browncat
dog
monkey
panda
rabbit
ducksquirrel
mouse
elephant
pig
bird
bearcake
bread
hotdog
hamburgerchicken
FrenchfriesCoke
juice
milk
water
tea
coffee
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
doll
ball
boat
kiteballoon
car
plane
三年級(jí)下冊(cè)單詞黑體字(72個(gè)單詞、詞組)
boy
girl
teacher
student
this
my
friend
nice
goodmorning
Goodafternoon
meet
goodbye
too
I’m=Iamfather
dad
mother
mom
man
woman
grandmother
grandma
grandfather
grandpa
sister
brother
let’s=letus
really
great
and
howeleven
twelve
thirteenfourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteennineteen
twenty
howmany
can
lookat
peach
pear
orange
watermelon
apple
banana
grape
strawberry
like
some
thanks
bus
bike
taxi
jeepdesk
chair
walkman
lampyour
zoosmall
big
long
short
tall
giraffe
deer
四年級(jí)上冊(cè)單詞黑體字(66個(gè)單詞、詞組)
window
board
light
picture
doorfloor
classroom
computer
wall
fan
teacher’sdeskChinesebook
Englishbook
mathbook
schoolbagstory-book
notebook
twenty-one
thirty
thirty-oneforty
forty-one
fifty
longhair
shorthair
thin
strong
quiet
friend(s)
music
science
sports
computergame
painting
study
bathroom
bedroom
living
kitchen
phone
bed
sofa
shelf
fridge
table
rice
fish
noodles
beef
vegetable
soup
knife
chopsticks
spoon
plate
fork
family
parents
uncle
aunt
baby
driver
doctor
farmer
nurse
baseballplayer
四會(huì)單詞(36個(gè))
bag
pencil
pen
book
ruler
pencil-caseteacher
student
boy
girl
friend
home
room
school
classroom
window
desk
door
chair
bedrice
beef
bread
milk
egg
waterchicken
fishsister
brother
father
mother
driver
doctor
farmer
nurse四年級(jí)下冊(cè)單詞黑體詞(50個(gè)單詞、詞組)
playground
garden
teacher’sdesk
canteenartroom
computerroom
washroom
musicroom
gym
TVroomlunch
Englishclass
musicclass
breakfast
dinnerP.E.class
getup
gotoschool
gohome
gotobedsweater
jeans
pants
socks
shoes
shorts
hot
weather
rainy
windy
cloudy
colorful
pretty
cheap
expensive
sneakers
slippers
sandals
bootssheep
hen
lamb
goat
cow
tomato
cucumber
potato
onion
carrot
四會(huì)單詞(88個(gè))
computer
board
fan
light
this
is
my
thatyour
teacher’sdesk
picture
wall
floor
yes
it
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eightnine
ten
what
time
it’s
o’clock
math
Chinese
English
P.E.
music
for
classjacket
shirt
skirt
dress
T-shirt
red
blue
yellow
green
white
no
not
colourwarm
cold
cool
today
jeans
pant
socks
shoes
let’s
play
football
snowy
sunnyhowmuch
big
small
long
short
apple
banana
pear
orange
watermelon
are
theyhorse
aren’t
cat
rabbit
pig
duck
dog
eleven
twelve
thirteen
fifteen
twentyhowmany
there
五年級(jí)上冊(cè)單詞黑體字(16個(gè)單詞、詞組)
principal
universitystudent
cabbage
pork
muttonemptythetrash
putawaytheclothes
air-conditionerover
infrontof
sky
cloud
mountainvillage
city
四會(huì)單詞、詞組(93個(gè))
young
funny
tall
strong
kind
oldshort
thin
who’s=whois
what’s=whatislike
he’s=heis
strict
smart
active
quietshe’s=sheis
very
but
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Fridayday
have
on
Saturday
Sunday
dohomeworkwatchTV
readbooks
Whatabout…?
too
eggplant
fish
greenbeans
tofu
potato
tomato
for
lunch
we
tasty
sweet
sour
fresh
salty
favorite
they’re=theyare
fruit
don’t=donot
grape
cookthemeals
watertheflowers
sweepthefloor
cleanthebedroom
makethebed
setthetable
washtheclothes
dothedishescan’t=cannot
useacomputer
curtain
trashbin
closet
mirror
endtable
bedroom
kitchen
bathroom
livingroom
in
on
under
near
behind
clothes
river
flower
grass
lake
forest
path
parkpicture
house
bridge
tree
road
building
clean五年級(jí)下冊(cè)單詞黑體字(18個(gè))
January
February
March
April
May
JuneJuly
August
September
October
November
December
first
second
third
fourth
fifthEighth
ninth
twelfth
twentieth
四會(huì)單詞、詞組(83個(gè))
domorningexercises
eatbreakfast
haveEnglishclassplaysports
eatdinner
when
evening
getup
atusually
noon
climbmountains
goshoppingplaythepiano
visitgrandparents
gohiking
weekendoften
sometimes
spring
summer
fall
winterseason
which
best
swim
flykites
skatemakeasnowman
planttrees
why
because
sleepJan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May
June
July
Aug.Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
birthday
uncle
her
date
drawpictures
cookdinner
readabookanswerthephone
listentomusic
cleantheroom
writealetter
writeane-mail
mom
grandpa
studyfly
jump
walk
run
swim
kangaroo
sleep
climb
fight
swing
drink
watertakepictures
watchinsects
pickupleaves
doanexperiment
catchbutterflies
honeycountinsects
collectleaves
writeareport
playchess
haveapicnic
六年級(jí)上冊(cè)單詞黑體字(16個(gè))
plane
ship
subway
sciencemuseum
northsouth
east
west
tonight
tomorrow
takeatrip
readamagazine
gotothecinema
magazine
dictionary
vapor
四會(huì)單詞、詞組(71個(gè))
by
foot
bike
bus
train
how
gotoschooltraffic
trafficlight
trafficrule
stop
wait
gettolibrary
postoffice
hospital
cinema
bookstorewhere
please
nestto
turn
right
left
straightthen
nextweek
thismorning
thisafternoonthisevening
comicbook
postcard
newspaper
buyhobby
rideabike
dive
playtheviolin
makekitescollectstamps
live(s)
teach(es)
go(es)
watch(es)read(s)
does
doesn’t=doesnot
singer
writer
actor
actress
artist
TVreporterengineer
accountant
policeman
salesperson
cleanerwhere
work
rain
cloud
sun
stream
seedcomefrom
soil
sprout
plant
should
then
六年級(jí)下冊(cè)單詞四會(huì)單詞(25個(gè))
taller
shorter
stronger
older
younger
biggerheavier
longer
thinner
smaller
haveafever
hurt
haveacold
haveatoothachehaveaheadache
haveasorethroat
matter
sore
nose
tired
excited
angry
happy
bored
sad三年級(jí)上冊(cè)句子1.
Hello!
Hi!2.
Hello!I’mWuYifan.I’mfromChina.3.
What’syourname?4.
Myname’sChenJie.5.
Ihaveapencil.Metoo.6.
Goodmorning.Goodafternoon.7.
ThisisMissWhite.Nicetomeetyou.8.
Whereareyoufrom?I’mfromAmerica.9.
Let’sgotoschool.OK.10..Howmanycakes?Onecake11.Howareyou?I’mfine,thankyou.12.Let’spaint.Great13.Ilikegreen.Metoo.14.Ihavearabbit.15.Cool!Super!Great!Wow!16.MayIhavealook?Sure.17.Hereyouare.Thankyou.You’rewelcome
18.Ilikehamburgers.Metoo19.HavesomeFrenchfries.20.CanIhavesomechicken?Sure.21.Howoldareyou?I’mnine.三年級(jí)下冊(cè)句子
1.Whereareyoufrom?
I’mfromAmerica.
2.Goodmorning!
Goodafternoon!
3.Class,wehaveanewfriendtoday.
4.Who’sthatwoman?
She’smymother。
5.Who’sthatman?
He’smyfather.
6.Who’sthisboy?
Mybrother.
7.Ihaveanewkite.
Oh,it’sbeautiful.
8.Howmanykitescanyousee?
Icansee12.
9.Theblackoneisabird.
Oh,hownice!
10.Howmanycrayonsdoyouhave?
Ihave16crayons.
11.Openitandsee.
That’sright.
12.Doyoulikepeaches?
Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.
13.Whataboutpears?
Oh,Ilikethemverymuch.
14.Let’shavesomepeachesandpears.
15.Havesomefruits.
Thankyou,MissWhite.
16.Sorry,Idon’tlikebananas.
17.CanIhaveanapple,please?
Certainly.
18.Havesomemore?
No,thankyou.
19.Whereismycar?
It’sunderthechair.
20.Excuseme.CanIuseyourpencil?
Noproblem.
21.Hereyouare.
Thankyou!
22.Comeon,children.Lookattheelephant.
23.Wow!It’ssobig!
It’ssofunny!
24.Ithasalongnoseandashorttail.
25.Ithassmalleyesandbigears.
26.Lookatthegiraffe.
Oh,it’ssotall.
27.Thegiraffeistall.Thedeerisshort.
28.You’retall.I’mshort.
You’reright.
29.Let’sflyit.
OK.
30.Whatabigfish!四年級(jí)上冊(cè)句子1.What’sintheclassroom?2.ThisisZhangPeng,ournewclassmate.
3.Wehaveanewclassroom.4.Whereismyseat?
Itisnearthedoor.
5.Let’scleantheclassroom.
Goodidea!6.Letmecleantheboard.
Allright.
7.Itisniceandclean!
Goodjob!8.Whatcolouristheschoolbag?
It‘sblackandwhite.
9.MayIhavealook?
Sure.Hereyouare.10.Myschoolbagisheavy.
11.Whatisintheschoolbag?12.Howmanypicture-booksdoyouhave?
13.Myfriendisstrong.Hehasshorthair….14.Ihaveanewfriend.
Helikessports.
Shelikesmusic.15.What’shisname?
HisnameisZhangPeng.
16.What’shername?
HernameisAmy.
17.Isthisyourbedroom?
Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.18.Ihaveaneweraser.19.Issheinthestudy?
No,sheisn’t.She’sinthekitchen.20.Wherearethekeys?
Theyareinthedoor.21Aretheyonthetable?
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