2023屆福建省龍巖市高考二模英語(yǔ)試題 【含答案解析】

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)龍巖市2023年高中畢業(yè)班三月教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthetimenow?A.5:15.B.5:00.C.4:45.2.Whydothespeakerscomehere?A.Tosellahouse.B.Tolookatanewplace.C.Todosomeshopping.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Closefriends.C.Brotherandsister.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Helikesthebook.B.Hehasn’treadthebook.C.Hewillreturnthebooksoon.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asalespromotion.B.Theirnewstores.C.Theman’swork.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatwillthewomanprepareforthehost?A.Chocolates.B.Ascarf.C.Atie.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftablemanners?A.They’reeasy.B.They’retooformal.C.They’recomplex.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatiswrongwiththewoman?A.Shehasaheadache.B.Shegotabadcold.C.Shecan’tfallasleep.9.Whenisthedeadlineforthereport?A.Wednesday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.10.Howdoesthemansuggestthewomandealwiththereport?A.Improveit.B.Leaveitwithhim.C.Submititlater.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howoldistheman’sdaughter?A.18.B.20.C.22.12.Whatdidtheman’sdaughterdoyesterday?A.Shegaveatoyturtletohim.B.Shepostedthestoryonline.C.Shecomplainedabouthisaction.13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atastudio.B.Attheman’soffice.C.Atthewoman’shome.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Anairlineclerk.B.Apoliceofficer.C.Asalesperson.15.Whatcoloristhewoman’shandbag?A.Black.B.Golden.C.Darkred.16.Whatisinthewoman’shandbag?A.Herpurse.B.Herhousekeys.C.HerIDcard.17.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Cancelthecreditcard.B.Waitfortheman’scall.C.PhonetheLostandFoundOffice.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whichplacedotheyoungestgroupcomein?A.Second.B.Third.C.Fourth.19.WhatshouldEastsidepracticemore?A.Thedance.B.Themusic.C.Theexpression.20.WhydoTheStormwinthefirstprize?A.Theviolinistplayedsowell.B.Thesingerhadabeautifulvoice.C.Thedancersperformedexcellent.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWindsorCastleistheoldestandlargestoccupiedcastleintheworld.Aroyalhomeandfortress(堡壘)formorethan900years,itremainsaworkingpalacetothisday,andistheofficialresidenceofTheKing.Whattosee?YourtickettoWindsorCastleallowsentrytotheStateApartments,decoratedwiththefinestworksofartintheRoyalCollection.SpotmasterpiecesondisplaybyHolbein,RubensandVanDyck,SèvreschinaanddelicateEnglishandFrenchfurniture.AdmireQueenMary’sDoll’sHouse—thelargestdolls’houseintheworld—andSt.George’sChapel,whereQueenElizebethIIwaslaidtorestin2022.TheMoatRoomgivesanoverviewofthecastle’s950-yearhistory,withthreelargescalebronze(青銅)modelsshowinghowthecastlelookedatdifferentmomentsintime.TimeyourvisitfortheChangingtheGuardceremony.Ittakesplaceat11amonselectdaysthroughouttheyear(weatherpermitting).TicketsTicketsmustbebookedinadvance.Alternatively,bookontooneofthemanydaytripstoWindsorCastlethatincludeentrytothecastleplusstopsatotherattractionsandtowns,includingStonehenge,Bath,Oxford,Lacock,SalisburyandHamptonCourtPalace.Ifyou’reshortontime,joinanafternooncoachtourfromLondontoWindsorCastle,givingyouenoughtimetolookaroundbeforereturningintheevening.YoucanevencombineLondon’stworoyalresidencesonaBuckinghamPalaceandWindsorCastleTour.PricesChildticket:￡15.50YoungPersonticket:￡18.00Adultticket:￡28.00Under5sfree.Discountsforfamiliesandgroupsofatleast15.OpeningTimesMonday,ThursdaytoSunday.MarchtoOctober:10amto5:15pm(lastadmission4pm).NovembertoFebruary:10amto4:15pm(lastadmission3pm).1.WhatcantouristsdoinWindsorCastle?A.BuydollsfromQueenMary. B.Learnaboutthehistoryofthecastle.C.AdmireartworksinSt.George’sChapel. D.VisitthedailyChangingtheGuardceremony.2.HowmanyroutestoWindsorCastlearerecommendedtotourists?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.3.Whencantouristsbeadmittedintothecastle?A.11:35am,Feb24,Friday. B.10am,May15,Wednesday.C.4:15pm,Saturday,November. D.5:00pm,Monday,October.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是參觀世界上最古老的城堡——溫莎城堡（WindsorCastle）的相關(guān)情況。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whattosee?部分的“TheMoatRoomgivesanoverviewofthecastle’s950-yearhistory,withthreelargescalebronze(青銅)modelsshowinghowthecastlelookedatdifferentmomentsintime.(護(hù)城河房間展示了這座城堡950年的歷史，三個(gè)大型青銅模型展示了城堡在不同時(shí)刻的樣子)”可知，在溫莎城堡游客們可以了解到城堡950年的歷史。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tickets部分中的“Alternatively,bookontooneofthemanydaytripstoWindsorCastlethatincludeentrytothecastleplusstopsatotherattractionsandtowns,includingStonehenge,Bath,Oxford,Lacock,SalisburyandHamptonCourtPalace.(或者，你也可以預(yù)訂溫莎城堡一日游，包括進(jìn)入城堡，在其他景點(diǎn)和城鎮(zhèn)停留，包括巨石陣、巴斯、牛津、拉科克、索爾茲伯里和漢普頓宮)”可知，去溫莎城堡可以預(yù)訂溫莎城堡一日游，以及“Ifyou’reshortontime,joinanafternooncoachtourfromLondontoWindsorCastle,givingyouenoughtimetolookaroundbeforereturningintheevening.YoucanevencombineLondon’stworoyalresidencesonaBuckinghamPalaceandWindsorCastleTour.(如果你的時(shí)間緊張，可以參加下午從倫敦到溫莎城堡的長(zhǎng)途旅行，讓你有足夠的時(shí)間在晚上返回之前四處看看。你甚至可以在白金漢宮和溫莎城堡之旅中游覽倫敦的兩處王室住所)”可知，如果時(shí)間不夠可以參加倫敦到溫莎城堡的長(zhǎng)途旅行，甚至可以在白金漢宮和溫莎城堡之旅中游覽王室，由以上可知，推薦了三條旅行路線。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OpeningTimes中的“Monday,ThursdaytoSunday.MarchtoOctober:10amto5:15pm(lastadmission4pm).NovembertoFebruary:10amto4:15pm(lastadmission3pm).(星期一、星期四至星期日。3月至10月：上午10點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn)15分(下午4點(diǎn)截止入場(chǎng))。11月至2月：上午10點(diǎn)至下午4點(diǎn)15分(下午3點(diǎn)截止入場(chǎng)))”可知，符合條件的為星期五，上午11點(diǎn)35分，2月24日。故選A項(xiàng)。BAbookcalledBartlett’sFamiliarQuotationshasbeenpublishedintheUnitedStatessincethe1850s.ItstartedwithJohnBartlett,theownerofabookstorenearBoston,Massachusetts.Heselectedwords,orquotations,fromfamouspeople,includingBenjaminFranklin,ThomasPaineandJohnKeatsforthebook.GeoffreyO’Brienisthecurrenteditorofthe170-year-oldbook.Hesaiditishardtokeepupwithsomanyquotationsbecauseof“thespeedofevents”inmoderntimes.“Nomatterwhenwewenttopress,wewouldbecuttingoffinthemiddleofthestory,”hesaid.The19theditionofBartlett’sjustcameout.Itisthefirstpublicationsince2012andthesecondunderO’Brien.“WiththeInternetandcablenews,youhavetheconstantmanufacturingofstatementsofonekindoranother,”O(jiān)’Briensaid.So,hetriedtochoosequotationsthathavestayingpowerbeyondcurrentnewsevents.Intheearlydays,thebookwasmostlymadeupofquotationsfromwhitemen.Butrecently,thebookincludeswordsfromthesingerBeyoncéandthetrackandfieldathleteUsainBolt.ItevenhasthoughtsfromotherlanguagessuchasRussianandNavajo,aNativeAmericanlanguage.Withsomanynewquotes,someolderoneshadtoberemoved.O’BriensaidhewassadtodropcommentsbyJohnDryden,oneofhisfavoritepoets.O’Brienalsoneedstokeepthebooktoabout1,400pages.So,onceverywell-knownAmericancomedianslikeBobHopeandJohnnyCarsonarenotinthelatestbook.AlsogonearequotesfromformerU.S.VicePresidentDanQuayleandactorSallyField.O’Briensaidthegoalofthebookistobe“representative”butnotlikeanencyclopedia(百科全書(shū)).Noteveryonecangetin.HesaidhewassadtonotbeabletoincludeacommentfromU.S.civilrightsactivistandpoliticianJohnLewis,whodiedin2020.4.Whatisthemainchallengetheeditorfaces?A.Whethertokeeppacewithtimes. B.Whattotakeintothebook.C.Howtodealwithnewstatements. D.Howtoremovethequotes.5.HowdidO’Brientacklethechallenge?A.Heincludedmorelanguages. B.Heresetthegoalofthebook.C.Hekeptthepagesofthebook. D.Heusedpower-lastingquotes.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebook?A.Ithasevolvedastimechanges. B.Famousstoriesareselectedforit.C.The19theditionisthesecondpublication. D.Onlyquotesfromwhitemenwereincluded.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ContentofaFamousBook B.DevelopmentofaQuotationBookC.EditorsTrytoPublishMoreBooks D.QuotationBookStrugglestoKeepup【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)介紹《巴特利特熟悉的語(yǔ)錄》這本書(shū)的相關(guān)背景以及發(fā)展和出版情況。介紹了書(shū)籍的引文很難與時(shí)俱進(jìn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hesaiditishardtokeepupwithsomanyquotationsbecauseof“thespeedofevents”inmoderntimes.“Nomatterwhenwewenttopress,wewouldbecuttingoffinthemiddleofthestory,”hesaid.(他說(shuō)，由于現(xiàn)代“事件的速度”，很多的引用很難與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。他說(shuō):“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候印刷，我們都會(huì)在故事中途中斷?！?”可知，由于現(xiàn)代事件發(fā)展的速度，編輯們很難決定把什么放進(jìn)書(shū)中。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“So,hetriedtochoosequotationsthathavestayingpowerbeyondcurrentnewsevents.(因此,他努力選擇那些在當(dāng)前新聞事件之外具有持執(zhí)力的引用。)”可知，O’Brien使用具有持久力的引文。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Withsomanynewquotes,someolderoneshadtoberemoved.O’BriensaidhewassadtodropcommentsbyJohnDryden,oneofhisfavoritepoets.(由于有這么多新引語(yǔ)，一些較舊的引語(yǔ)不得不被刪除。奧布萊恩說(shuō)，他很難過(guò)放棄他最喜歡的詩(shī)人之一約翰·德萊頓的評(píng)論。)”可推斷這本書(shū)隨著時(shí)間的變化而演變。故選A。7題詳解】主旨大意題?？v觀全文，特別是第二段內(nèi)容“GeoffreyO’Brienisthecurrenteditorofthe170-year-oldbook.Hesaiditishardtokeepupwithsomanyquotationsbecauseof“thespeedofevents”inmoderntimes.“Nomatterwhenwewenttopress,wewouldbecuttingoffinthemiddleofthestory,”hesaid.(杰弗里·奧布萊恩是這本有著170年歷史的書(shū)的現(xiàn)任編輯。他說(shuō)，由于現(xiàn)代“事件的速度”，很多引文很難與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。他說(shuō)：“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候復(fù)印，我們都會(huì)在故事中途中斷?！?”可知，本文通過(guò)介紹了《巴特利特熟悉的語(yǔ)錄》這本書(shū)的出版情況，介紹了書(shū)籍的引文很難與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，因此推斷D項(xiàng)“引用書(shū)籍很難與時(shí)俱進(jìn)”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。CAnewstudyshowsthatrisinglevelsofplanet-warminggassesmayreduceimportantnutrientsinfoodcrops.Otherstudieshaveshownthathighertemperaturesfromclimatechangeandweatherextremeswillreducefoodproduction.Butscientistsarefindingthatrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideandotherplanet-warminggassesthreatenfoodquality.Researchersstudiedtheeffectsofonesuchgas—carbondioxide—onrice.Theygrew18kindsofriceinfieldsinChinaandJapaninacontrolledenvironment.Theysetcarbondioxidelevelstowhatscientistsarepredictingforourplanetbytheendofthecentury.Theyfoundthattheresultingricecropshadlowerthannormallevelsofvitamins,mineralsandprotein.Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein.Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszinc(鋅)thanricegrownundernormalconditions.Theresearcherssaidtheeffectsofplanet-warminggasseswouldbemostsevereforthepoorestcitizensinsomeoftheleastdevelopedcountries.Thesepeoplegenerallyeatthemostriceandhavetheleastcomplexdiets,theynoted.Scientistsestimatedthatalmost150millionpeoplemightbeatriskofhavingtoolittleproteinorzincintheirdietby2050.Onescientist,SamMyersofHarvardUniversityofMassachusetts,US,saidthatfindingslikethisareanexampleofthesurprisesclimatechangecreates.“Myconcernis,therearemanymoresurprisestocome,”hesaid.Myersnotedthatpollution,lossofsomespecies,destructionofforests,andotherhumanactivitiesarelikelytoproduceunexpectedproblems.Hesaidthatyoucannotcompletelychangeallthenaturalsystemsthatlivingorganismshavegrowntodependonovermillionsofyearswithouthavingeffectscomebacktoaffectourownhealth.Thenewstudysuggestsawaytolowerthenutritionalharmofclimatechange—togrowdifferentformsofricethathaveshowntobemoreresistanttohighercarbondioxidelevels.8.Accordingtothelateststudy,howdohighertemperaturesaffectcrops?A.Theyremovethenutrition. B.Theyworsenthequality.C.Theylowertheproduction. D.Theydecreasethespecies.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Asiancropscontainmorenutrients. B.Riceisgrowninrestrictedconditions.C.CropsgrownwithlowerCO2arehealthier. D.Poorpeoplesufferalotfromfoodshortage.10.WhatdoesSamMyersagreewith?A.Naturalsystemsdamageourhealth. B.Thenutritionalharmshouldbelowered.C.Moreeffectsarecausedbyclimatechanges. D.Humanactivitiesresultinhealthproblems.11.Whatdoesthewriterintendtodo?A.Tointroduceastudy. B.Toclarifyafact.C.Tomakeasuggestion. D.Toshowaconcern.【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是一項(xiàng)研究表明，不斷增加的溫室氣體可能會(huì)減少糧食作物的重要營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分，對(duì)人們的身體健康造成影響，并提出了一種降低氣候變化對(duì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)危害的方法——種植不同形式的水稻?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butscientistsarefindingthatrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideandotherplanet-warminggassesthreatenfoodquality.(但科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，二氧化碳和其他全球變暖氣體水平的上升威脅著食品質(zhì)量。)”可知，高溫會(huì)讓作物的質(zhì)量變差。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ricegrownunderhighcarbondioxideconditionshad,onaverage,13to30percentlowerlevelsoffourBvitaminsand10percentlessprotein.Thecropsalsohad8percentlessironand5percentlesszinc(鋅)thanricegrownundernormalconditions.(在高二氧化碳條件下種植的水稻，四種維生素B的含量平均降低了13%到30%，蛋白質(zhì)含量降低了10%。與正常條件下種植的水稻相比，這些作物的鐵含量減少了8%，鋅含量減少了5%(鋅)。)”可知，在高二氧化碳下生長(zhǎng)的水稻，其營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素都有所降低，由此可知，在低二氧化碳條件下生長(zhǎng)的水稻更健康。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Onescientist,SamMyersofHarvardUniversityofMassachusetts,US,saidthatfindingslikethisareanexampleofthesurprisesclimatechangecreates.“Myconcernis,therearemanymoresurprisestocome,”hesaid.(美國(guó)哈佛大學(xué)馬薩諸塞分校的科學(xué)家SamMyers說(shuō)，這樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)是氣候變化帶來(lái)意外的一個(gè)例子?！拔覔?dān)心的是，還會(huì)有更多的意外發(fā)生，”他說(shuō)。)”可知，SamMyers認(rèn)為這只是氣候變化帶來(lái)的震驚之一，他擔(dān)心的是會(huì)有更多的震驚，由此可知，氣候變化會(huì)帶來(lái)很多的影響。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“Anewstudyshowsthatrisinglevelsofplanet-warminggassesmayreduceimportantnutrientsinfoodcrops.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，使地球變暖的氣體水平的上升可能會(huì)減少糧食作物中的重要營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。)”以及尾段中“Thenewstudysuggestsawaytolowerthenutritionalharmofclimatechange—togrowdifferentformsofricethathaveshowntobemoreresistanttohighercarbondioxidelevels.(這項(xiàng)新研究提出了一種降低氣候變化對(duì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)危害的方法——種植不同形式的水稻，這些水稻已被證明對(duì)更高的二氧化碳水平具有更強(qiáng)的抵抗力。)”并結(jié)合下文中對(duì)該研究的介紹和分析，同時(shí)新研究提出的相應(yīng)的解決方案可知，本文作者是介紹一項(xiàng)氣候變暖針對(duì)作物質(zhì)量影響的新研究。故選A項(xiàng)。DMusicisgoodforthehealth.Anddrummingmaybebestofall.Aswellasbeingphysicallydemanding,itrequirespeopletosynchronisetheirlimbsandtoreacttooutsidestimuli,suchaswhattherestofthebandisupto.Itisparticularlyhelpfulforchildrenwhohaveemotionalandbehaviouraldifficulties.ResearchersattheClemBurkeDrummingProject—anorganisationnamedafterBlondie’sdrummer,whowasoneofitsfounders—haveshownthatteachingsuchchildrentodrumhelpsthemtocontroltheirreactionsmoregenerally,tofocusmoreeffectivelyontaskstheyaregiven,andtocommunicatebetterwithotherpeople.Theproject’slatestwork,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbyateamledbyMarie-StephanieCahartofKing’sCollege,London,goesastepfurther.Itlooksattheneurological(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的)changeswhichaccompanytheseshifts.MsCahartandhercolleaguesrecruited36autistic(自閉的)teenagersandsplitthemintotwogroups.Onelothaddrumlessonstwiceaweekforeightweeks.Theothersdidnot.Atthebeginningandendoftheprojecteveryonewasaskedtostaystillfor45minutesinafunctionalmagnetic-resonanceimaging(fmri)machine,toseehowtheactivityoftheirbrainshadchanged.Theirbehaviour,asreportedbytheirguardians,wasalsorecorded.Asexpected,mostofthedrumminggroupshowedpositivebehaviouralchanges.Andthesewereindeedreflectedintheirbrains.Thefmriscansshowedthatseveralclustersofconnectivitybetweenpartsofthosebrainshadstrengthenedduringtheexperiment.Inparticular,tworegionsinvolvedinattentioncontrol,therightdorsolateralprefrontalcortex(背外側(cè)前額葉皮層)andtherightinferiorfrontalgyrus(額下回),formedstronglinks,respectively,withplacesassociatedwithreflectionandwithareasinvolvedininterpretingfacialexpressions.Thesechangesinthebrain’s“wetware”thusnicelymatchthechangesinbehaviourwhichlearningtodrumcauses.Notasurprise,perhaps.Butanencouragingconfirmationofdrumming’spowertoheal.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“synchronise”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Order. B.Show. C.Strengthen. D.Adjust.13.Whywastheteenagers’behaviorrecorded?A.Toobservethepositivestimuli. B.Toseeitsrelationwithbrainchanges.C.Toshowbehavioraldifferences. D.Todemonstratetheirfacialconnection.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutdrumming?A.Itcuresmentalillnesses. B.Itarousesinterestinmusic.C.Itshapesbetterbehavior. D.Itbalancesmindsandbehavior.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Drummingbenefitshealth. B.Howtotacklepeoplelessfocused.C.Aresearchonemotionandbehavior. D.Thelinksbetweendrummingandbrain.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹打鼓可以幫助孩子解決情緒和行為上的困難，有助于他們控制自己的反應(yīng)，更好地集中注意力，更好地溝通?？茖W(xué)家們研究了打鼓是如何影響自閉癥青少年的大腦的，發(fā)現(xiàn)它會(huì)使他們的行為發(fā)生積極的變化。【12題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合常識(shí)和劃線詞所在句“itrequirespeopletosynchronisetheirlimbsandtoreacttooutsidestimuli(它要求人們synchronise四肢，并對(duì)外界刺激做出反應(yīng))”中“reacttooutsidestimuli”可推知，打鼓的時(shí)候四肢參與，要對(duì)外界刺激做出反應(yīng)就需要不斷去“調(diào)整”四肢的動(dòng)作與狀態(tài)，所以劃線詞與adjust同義，意為“調(diào)整”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Atthebeginningandendoftheprojecteveryonewasaskedtostaystillfor45minutesinafunctionalmagnetic-resonanceimaging(fmri)machine,toseehowtheactivityoftheirbrainshadchanged.Theirbehaviour,asreportedbytheirguardians,wasalsorecorded.(在項(xiàng)目開(kāi)始和結(jié)束時(shí)，每個(gè)人都被要求在功能性磁共振成像儀(fmri)中保持45分鐘不動(dòng)，以觀察他們的大腦活動(dòng)是如何變化的。他們的監(jiān)護(hù)人所報(bào)告的行為也被記錄下來(lái))”和第四段中“Asexpected,mostofthedrumminggroupshowedpositivebehaviouralchanges.Andthesewereindeedreflectedintheirbrains.Thefmriscansshowedthatseveralclustersofconnectivitybetweenpartsofthosebrainshadstrengthenedduringtheexperiment.(不出所料，擊鼓組的大多數(shù)人表現(xiàn)出積極的行為變化。這些確實(shí)反映在他們的大腦中。功能磁共振成像掃描顯示，在實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中，這些大腦部分之間的連接簇得到了加強(qiáng))”可推知，記錄青少年的行為的目的是看它與大腦變化的關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Asexpected,mostofthedrumminggroupshowedpositivebehaviouralchanges.(不出所料，擊鼓組的大多數(shù)人表現(xiàn)出積極的行為變化)”可知，打鼓塑造了更好的行為。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Musicisgoodforthehealth.Anddrummingmaybebestofall.(Notasurprise,perhaps.Butanencouragingconfirmationofdrumming’spowertoheal.)”和最后一段中“Notasurprise,perhaps.Butanencouragingconfirmationofdrumming’spowertoheal.(也許這并不奇怪。但鼓樂(lè)的治愈能力得到了鼓舞人心的證實(shí))”可知，本文主要介紹打鼓可以幫助孩子解決情緒和行為上的困難，有助于他們控制自己的反應(yīng)，更好地集中注意力，更好地溝通。所以“Drummingbenefitshealth.(擊鼓有益于健康)”有文章主要內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Amajorbenefitofgrowingyourowntomatoesisvariety.Ifyouvisitagardencenter,youwillfindseedsandsmallstarterplantsforyellowtomatoes,purpletomatoes,hugetomatoes,andevenverysmalltomatoes.____16____.Themostimportantthingsaretogivetheplantsplentyofwater,well-drainingsoil,heatandlight.Itisbesttogrowtomatoesinaplacethatreceivesatleastsixhoursofsunlighteachday.Removingweedswillkeeppestsanddiseasesawaywhilegivingtheplantsenoughnutrientstoproducefruit.TomatoesgrowbestinsoilwithapHlevelbetween6.0and6.8.IfthepHreadingislowerthan6.0,youcanaddabout2cupsofdolomiticlime(石灰)intothesoilforeachplant.Ifyouwanttogrowreallybigtomatoes,tryfollowingtheseseventipsfromexpertgrowers:SelecttomatoseedswithnameslikeBigZacorBull’sHeart.____17____.Startseedsearlyindoorsandre-plantthemintolargercontainersseveraltimesbeforemovingthemoutdoors.____18____,removingleavesfromthebottomone-thirdofplantsandburyingstemsuptothenextsetofleaves.Thiswillproducestrongerplants.Removenewflowersthatdevelopatthetopoftheplantwhenolderfruitsnearthebottombegintogrow.____19____.Paycloseattention!Observetheplantsdailyforpostsanddiseases.Reactquicklytopreventproblems.Removethesmallgrowthswheretheplant’sstemsandbranchesmeet.Thiswillpreventthemfromtakingawaynutrientsandshadingdevelopingfruitunderthem.____20____insteadoflettingthemdevelopintoashorter,widershrub(灌木).Finally,water,fertilizeandweed!A.PlantthemdeepeachtimeB.RichsoilbenefitsthegrowthC.TomatoesarenotdifficulttogrowD.SkillsaredemandingingrowingtomatoesECutbacktheplantstokeeponlyonemainbranchF.TheyareallgeneticallydesignedtoproducelargefruitG.Thiswillforcetheplanttoproducefewerbutlargertomatoes【答案】16.C17.F18.A19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講述了如何種植西紅柿?！?6題詳解】下文“Themostimportantthingsaretogivetheplantsplentyofwater,well-drainingsoil,heatandlight.Itisbesttogrowtomatoesinaplacethatreceivesatleastsixhoursofsunlighteachday.(最重要的是給植物充足的水、排水良好的土壤、熱和光。最好在每天至少能接受6小時(shí)陽(yáng)光照射的地方種植西紅柿)”是描述如何種植西紅柿，C項(xiàng)“西紅柿不難種植”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?7題詳解】上文“Ifyouwanttogrowreallybigtomatoes,tryfollowingtheseseventipsfromexpertgrowers:SelecttomatoseedswithnameslikeBigZacorBull’sHeart.(如果你想種出真正大的西紅柿，試試以下專(zhuān)家種植者的7個(gè)建議：選擇像BigZac或Bull’sHeart這樣的西紅柿種子)”提到，如果想種植出大西紅柿，可以選擇BigZac或Bull’sHeart這樣的西紅柿種子，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“它們的基因設(shè)計(jì)都是為了結(jié)出大的果實(shí)”符合語(yǔ)境，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“They”指代上文中的“BigZacorBull’sHeart”，故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空后“removingleavesfromthebottomone-thirdofplantsandburyingstemsuptothenextsetofleaves(把植物底部三分之一的葉子去掉，把莖埋到下一組葉子的地方)”可知，要把西紅柿種得深一些，A項(xiàng)“每次都要把它們種得很深”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?9題詳解】上文“Removenewflowersthatdevelopatthetopoftheplantwhenolderfruitsnearthebottombegintogrow.(當(dāng)?shù)撞扛浇妮^為老的果實(shí)開(kāi)始生長(zhǎng)時(shí)，移除植物頂部發(fā)育的新花)”提到，當(dāng)?shù)撞扛浇妮^為老果實(shí)開(kāi)始生長(zhǎng)時(shí)，移除植物頂部發(fā)育的新花，G項(xiàng)“這將迫使植物生產(chǎn)更少但更大的西紅柿”符合語(yǔ)境，描述這樣做的原因，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空后“insteadoflettingthemdevelopintoashorter,widershrub(灌木)(而不是讓它們長(zhǎng)成為更短、更寬的灌木)”可知，E項(xiàng)“修剪植株，只保留一條主枝”符合語(yǔ)境，空處是描述避免讓西紅柿植株長(zhǎng)成為更短、更寬的灌木的方法，故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasborntwomonthsprematurewithunderdevelopedlungsandaheartcondition.ThedoctorssaidIwouldn’tlivelongenoughto____21____itoutofthehospital.Asthedayswentby,doctorscouldn’t____22____Iwasstillalive.TheytoldmymomIwasdefying(克服)theodds.Witheachnewdaycamenewstrugglesandchallenges,butalsomore____23____.EverybodybegantoseeIwasa____24____.Iexceeded(超越)everyone’sexpectationsandwas____25____fromthehospitalonemonthlater.YearswentbyandIwasprettymuchjustlikeeveryotherkid,thoughIwenttothedoctoronceamonthfor____26____andthatbecamepartofmynormal____27____.However,thingsstartedto____28____whenIwasintwelfthgrade.Ihadaconstant____29____inmychestandI’dhavetostartatreatmentprogramrightaway.Theprogramwasvery____30____tothechemotherapycancerpatientsgothrough.ShouldIdothetreatmentand____31____notgraduatingwithclassformissingtoomanydaysofschoolorshouldIputitofftillthesummerandpossiblycauseirreversible(不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的)damage?Ithoughtbackwhatmygrandpaalwaystoldme,“There’salwaysanexception,andyou’reusuallyit”,thenIhadmy____32____.IfinishedalltheworkbroughttomewhileIwas____33____inbed.OnceagainIdefiedtheodds;Iwasthe____34____totherule.Justlikethatbabyinthehospitalallthoseyearsago,I____35____—eventothisday—tohavethatsamefightinme…thatwilltonotonlysurvive,buttosucceedineverythingIsetmymindtoaswell.21.A.put B.make C.leave D.get22.A.expect B.tell C.believe D.suspect23.A.luck B.trouble C.regret D.hope24.A.victim B.survivor C.fighter D.patient25.A.released B.deserted C.protected D.saved26.A.checkouts B.checkups C.callbacks D.callins27.A.routine B.activity C.duty D.business28.A.goalright B.godownhill C.showup D.buildup29.A.care B.attention C.tension D.pain30.A.similar B.helpful C.effective D.urgent31.A.try B.admit C.allow D.chance32.A.way B.desire C.decision D.feeling33.A.awake B.stuck C.sleeping D.lying34.A.witness B.winner C.exception D.servant35.A.plan B.work C.happen D.continue【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.C25.A26.B27.A28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者早產(chǎn)了兩個(gè)月，肺部發(fā)育不全，心臟也有問(wèn)題，但作者成功活了下來(lái)，超出了所有人的期望。多年以后，作者的身體情況再次變差，不得不住院，但作者仍然決心存活下去，并且要在做的每件事上取得成功。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生說(shuō)我活不了多久，出不了醫(yī)院了。A.put放置；B.make使成功；C.leave離開(kāi)；D.get獲得。根據(jù)上文“ThedoctorssaidIwouldn’tlivelongenoughto”可知，醫(yī)生說(shuō)作者時(shí)日無(wú)多了，無(wú)法出院了，makeit表示“（病痛等）好轉(zhuǎn)”。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：日子一天天過(guò)去，醫(yī)生們都不敢相信我還活著。A.expect期待；B.tell告訴；C.believe相信；D.suspect懷疑。根據(jù)后文“Iwasstillalive”以及上文提到醫(yī)生說(shuō)作者活不了多久了，所以醫(yī)生不敢相信作者還活著。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每一天都有新的掙扎和挑戰(zhàn)，但也有更多的希望。A.luck運(yùn)氣；B.trouble麻煩；C.regret后悔；D.hope希望。根據(jù)上文“Witheachnewdaycamenewstrugglesandchallenges,butalsomore”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知，每一天都有新的掙扎和挑戰(zhàn)，但也有更多的希望。故選D。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都開(kāi)始看到我是一個(gè)斗士。A.victim受害者；B.survivor幸存者；C.fighter戰(zhàn)士，斗士；D.patient病人。呼應(yīng)后文“thatsamefightinme”指每個(gè)人認(rèn)為作者是一個(gè)斗士。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我超出了所有人的期望，一個(gè)月后出院了。A.released釋放；B.deserted拋棄；C.protected保護(hù)；D.saved挽救。根據(jù)上文“Iexceededeveryone’sexpectationsandwas”可知，作者超出了所有人的期望，一個(gè)月后出院了，releasefromthehospital表示“出院”。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：許多年過(guò)去了，我和其他孩子沒(méi)什么不同，不過(guò)我每個(gè)月去看一次醫(yī)生，做一次身體檢查，這成了我日常生活的一部分。A.checkouts簽出，結(jié)賬；B.checkups檢查；C.callbacks調(diào)回；D.callins呼入。根據(jù)上文“Iwenttothedoctoronceamonthfor”指作者每個(gè)月去看一次醫(yī)生，做一次身體檢查，故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：許多年過(guò)去了，我和其他孩子沒(méi)什么不同，不過(guò)我每個(gè)月去看一次醫(yī)生，做一次身體檢查，這成了我日常生活的一部分。A.routine常規(guī)；B.activity活動(dòng)；C.duty義務(wù)；D.business生意。上文提到作者每個(gè)月去看一次醫(yī)生，做一次身體檢查，這成為了作者的日常生活的一部分。故選A。28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)我上十二年級(jí)的時(shí)候，事情開(kāi)始走下坡路。A.goalright正常；B.godownhill逐漸變壞；C.showup露面；D.buildup建立。根據(jù)后文“inmychestandI’dhavetostartatreatmentprogramrightaway”可知，事情開(kāi)始變壞了，作者必須馬上接受治療。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的胸部一直疼痛，我必須馬上開(kāi)始治療。A.care關(guān)心；B.attention注意力；C.tension緊張；D.pain痛苦。根據(jù)后文“inmychestandI’dhavetostartatreatmentprogramrightaway”可知，作者要接受治療，說(shuō)明身體出現(xiàn)疼痛。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目與癌癥患者所經(jīng)歷的化療非常相似。A.similar相似的；B.helpful有幫助的；C.effective有效的；D.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)后文“tothechemotherapycancerpatientsgothrough”可知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目與癌癥患者所經(jīng)歷的化療非常相似。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我應(yīng)該做治療，這樣就有可能因?yàn)槿闭n太多而不能按時(shí)畢業(yè)，還是應(yīng)該推遲到夏天，這樣可能會(huì)造成不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的傷害？A.try嘗試；B.admit承認(rèn)；C.allow允許；D.chance冒險(xiǎn)做。根據(jù)后文“notgraduatingwithclassformissingtoomanydaysofschool”可知，作者在猶豫做治療可能因?yàn)槿闭n太多而不能按時(shí)畢業(yè)，chance此處為動(dòng)詞表示“冒險(xiǎn)做……”。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我回想起爺爺常對(duì)我說(shuō)的話：“凡事總有例外，而你通常就是例外”，然后我做出了決定。A.way方法；B.desire渴望；C.decision決定；D.feeling感覺(jué)。根據(jù)后文“O