綜合寫作超級小范圍

超五星1文明前，Anasazi人已經(jīng)規(guī)模的修建水利公事，但估計最后是這些公事沒能保證足夠的水源，使得Anasazi人無法應對突如其來的旱災，家園。都文明突然消逝，可能是由其他原因造成的。比如和war。有一種理論認為，另一個強大但缺水的部落civilization為了爭奪水源和Anasazi人打仗，.迫使后者離開家園。WhilethereadingpassagehighlightsthreepossiblereasonsoftheAnasazipeople'sleavingtheircliffdwellings，thelectureclaimstheyarecastindoubtbythreecorrespondingissues.ThereisnodenyingthefactthatthereasonbehindAnasazipeople'sleavingtheirhomesisatopicworthyofdebate.Consequently,itiscriticalto yzetheargumentsrelatedtothisissue.ThepassageclaimsthattherewasabigmigrationoftribesintotheAnasazilivingareaandthismighthavecausedawar.Therewasalsoarchaeologicalevidenceofbonesandweaponry.Unfortunaythisargumentdoesnotholdupundercloseexamination.ThemainproblemwiththisargumentisthatthesacredritualgroundsmayhavebeenburntbytheAnasazithemselves.Thisistruebecausesometribesheldtheseburningritualstoindicatetheywouldnevercomebackagain.Despitethepassage'sassertion,theclaimthattherewasawarismisleading.Also,thepassageemphasizesthatarchaeologistshaveevidenceoffamineanddroughtinneighboringareas:thisinevitablywouldhaveledto .ThispointisovershadowedbythefactthatthereweremanypossessionsleftbehindbytheAnasazipeople.Furthermore,hadtherebeenawar，theintruderswouldhavetakenallthepossessionsaway.Asaresult，theclaimthatawarhappeneddoesnotholduponclose ysis.Basedonthislineofreasoning，onecanseehowtheassumptionisnotsoconvincing.Finally,thepassageassertsthatNavajotraditionclaimstheAnasaziweredefeatedinbattleanddtoflee.Ontheotherhand,thespeakerarguesthattheAnasazipopulationgrewtooquicklysoitbecamevulnerabletowatershortages.Allthingsconsidered,thespeakermakesamuchstrongercase.Herargumentisbasedonthefactthatalargepopulationcanbeeasilysubjecttoproblemscausedbydrought.Withalloftheseargumentsinhand,itisobviousthatthepassage'sbasicassertionisunreasonable.2教育消費者，們犀牛角藥用是不科學的，可以改用其他的東西代替犀牛角來合法賣牛角，如果賣低價，商人就沒利潤了Thelisteningcontentandthereadingpassagearetotallycontradictoryinhowtostopthebuyingandsellingofrhinohorns.Tobeginwith,theauthorsaysthatthe ernmentcanhaveanimaldoctorsremovethehornsfromtherhinofirst.Withouthorns，,hunterswillthenloseinteresttokilltherhinos.However,thelecturerclaimsthatitisimpossibletotakeawayhornsfromthewildrhinos.Therearesomanyrhinosinthenature.Besides,itissomewhatdetrimentaltothisspeciesbecausehornsmusthaveitsactualfunctioninthisanimal.Secondly,thereadingindicatesthathornbuyerscanbeeducatedfornotbuyingbecausethebenefitsofhorninmedicineisnotprovedscientifically.However,thelecturerthinksthatbuyerswillstillcontinuemakingpurchasesbecausethisbuyingbehaviorisbasedontraditionthatishardtobeeradicated.Theyfirmlybelievethatrhinohornsarehealingandpotent,soitcannotberecedwithotherLastly,thespeakerclaimsthatthe ernmentillegalizingthebuyingandsellingbehaviorwillencouragemorekillingandhuntingbecausepeoplethinkitisagreeabletobuythehornandthepriceislow.Yet,thereadingpassagemaintainsthatlegalizingofthehornbuyingbehaviorcanstopthiscruelkillingthingduetolowerprofitmarginsintheprice.3—ThelisteningcontentandthereadingpassagearedifferentinhowtheMinMinlightisproduced.Firstly,thereadingclaimsthatthelightisfromluminousinsectsthatflyingroupabovethesky.However,fromthelistening,itsaysthatthelightleftfromsuchinsectsshouldneverbethatvisibleandstrong.Inaddition,thelightismovableand insometimecircularshape.Thetrailofinsectcanneverhavesuchphenomenon.Inthesecondce,methaneormarshgascanbeusedtoproducelightwhenitisworkedwiththeairundersomecondition.However,thespeakersaysthatthelightsightingspotsareeverywhere.Itmeansthatsomesightingspotsareatthecewherethereisnowatersource;tobemoreexact,therearenomarshesaroundbeingdryces,sohowcanthemethanegasbeingproducedthatcreatesthelightafterwards.Lastly,FataMorganaphenomenonindeedcanreflectlightsfromfaraway,suchasthesourceheadlightsofautoinpotionfaraway.However,thespeakerproposesthatthisonlyexthelightingphenomenonatthepresenttimeaboutMinMinLights.Yet,whenthereisnosuchlightbeingreflected,therearestillMinMinlightsbeingspotted.Thisisapparentlynotthereflectionofanylightnearfaralike.4’0).ThereadingandlisteningcontentsareopposingindealingwiththeGiantAfricanSnailsthatspreadoutinanunfavorablewaydamagingtheecosystemisasevereway.Tobeginwith,byintroducingtheirnaturalpredator,thenumberofcanbecontrolled.Yetthelecturerthinksthatthenaturalpredator,thecrab,canalsodoesharmtothenativecreaturesinthesamearea.Thiswillcausethealreadyunpleasantsituationmoreoutofhand.Secondly,itissuggestedfromthereadingthatpeoplecancatchthesnailsbyhandeasily.However,thespeakeropposestothisideabecausethesnailexcretesliquidsubstancewhentheymoveandthisistoxictohumans.Moreintherealtest,yetthemainideaislikethis.Inthelastce,thelecturerindicatesthatonlymaturesnailscanbespottedbythenakedeyesandbekilledwhentheyarefoundontheboatsorcargoswiththeregulationofthelaw.Asfortheyoung,smallerones,thecolorofthesmakestheminvisibletopeople.Wewilltakethosesnailsasrocksorstonesonthegroundwhenweseethem.Thus,theinspectionoftheboatsorcargosisnotaneffectiveapproachtostopthemspreadingaround.5size200,000年前，逐漸變小的原因（decreaseofhuman'sbrain1)decreaseofmuscle.肌肉變小：現(xiàn)在人肌肉少了，所以控制肌肉的大腦也變小了：professor反駁，三個原因（1)upanddown6閱讀：Artificialreefshaveseveralbenefits32small-scalefishersbuildprivateartificialreef,有利于改進小漁民的競爭力，因為只有自己2buildprivatereefisunsafe因為如果其他fishers捕魚的時候不知道，會有，在Shallowstormreef7古羅馬斯巴達克，reading里認為斯巴達克的是真的，并給出了三點，說或怎樣成為的，文章是反駁這個觀點，認為，關于他的并確。1Spartacusreturnhomelandfighting1Spartacus實際是為了復仇和征服古羅馬，想要財寶 3這本Spartacus的是創(chuàng)作于18世紀的歐洲，還有廣大的人民被 ，發(fā)動slavepickupSpartacus來鼓舞人心，這只是編的故事inys，自然不是完全還原史詩。81RNAcomplexorganism3host三個點1超五1閱讀:有一種蚊子一種疾病,科學家發(fā)明了一種改良過的蚊子和這種蚊子交配v導致后代有缺陷,減少這種蚊子的population,可以預防疾病:有些人不同意,原因：（1)蚊子數(shù)量下降,可能導致其他帶有同樣的蚊子數(shù)量上升,其中可能包括一些有些可能有更厲害的蚊子（2)如果改良的蚊子咬人的話,傳到人的身上,對無益（3放出這些蚊子可能導致環(huán)境問題，可能會對其他物種產(chǎn)生影響例子是種改良過的菜但是菜周圍的蝴蝶數(shù)量減半2閱讀現(xiàn)代都市里glass越來越多嚴重干擾鳥類飛行有三個solutions可以防止birds撞onewaywindow單一光線玻璃)，里面看得到外面,外面的鳥看不到里面。（2)玻璃上晝圖案彩色的玻璃比如stripes(3)制造人工磁場,阻止鳥類向玻璃飛近反對所有觀點(1鳥以為是鏡子，同樣會撞上（2)找縫隙撞到?jīng)]有顏色的玻璃上（3)制造人工磁場導航在短距離沒效果。3為了防止沙漠化的擴大，有人提出用可以collectwaterdevice種樹，是否可行。閱讀說，不可行1、太貴，2、當?shù)厝藳]有motivationinstallmaintain那些device;3、樹長大后就要移除DEVICE了，因為太大呀，然后他們自己生存能力不行，就掛了，這不是浪費錢嗎？說，可行。1device可重復利用20次，所以是reasonable2 那些設備也可以種蔬菜啊，當?shù)厝司蜁惺澄锪?，而且樹長大后可以branch砍下來當firewood燒，當?shù)厝藭湛丛O備的3、樹長大后根系也發(fā)達了，可以達到更深處的土層，一旦他reachwaterresources,就能獨立存活了，而且90%的樹木在離開設備后兩年都活得好好的。4動物界發(fā)現(xiàn)一個52-hertzwhale，很少見，有三種theory是這只whale是hybrid，二是它有問題，三是它是一種rarespecies;教授一一：whale很難有hybrid，whale通過throat，和沒有connection，如果是rarespecies應該會有其它只whale被發(fā)現(xiàn)。5Reading:Gastornisisacarnivorousbird.Reasons:(1)it'soverallappearanceresemblesothermeat-eatingbirdsliketerrorbirds(2)ithasalarge,powerfulbeaktocutthroughmeatandbones(3)ithaslargetalonsatitsfeettocaptureListening:(1)itresemblesbothmeat-eatingandnt-eatingbirdssotheappearancecannotdetermineit'sacarnivore.Eg.Ithasthesamefeatureastheostrichesandemus.(2)ithasastraightbeakinsteadofcurvedbeak.Thestraightbeakismorelikelytobeusedonntssuchasnuts.(3)thefootprintsleftbyGastornisdon'tshowclaws.Thelastboneofitsfootmaybethestructure,notatalon.6海藻制油不現(xiàn)實。文章給的理由，1，海藻是水生動物的食物，不能大規(guī)模養(yǎng)。2，海藻留下的細菌會降低由的品質。3，海藻不能在低溫下浮起來。教授不同意。認為是好的方法。他對此反駁了有其他的海藻可以用于產(chǎn)油。2，可以用其他方法清潔油;3，可改變海藻上的fattyacid，這樣的話，粘度改變，就比較容易低溫時候浮游起來獨立寫作：做好旅游業(yè)，可以花錢用于雇傭 還是修整老房子和老街道。7個古代sculpture被認為是米開朗基羅的，閱讀 他不止一二 他有一幅畫和雕塑很像被認為是作為雕像的準備三 為了錢 年幼無知時為了出名，出名之后不必二、 畫有2處和雕塑不同，是巧合三、 毀名聲8RichardIII是否殺了他的侄子來爭奪王位的故事。1、閱讀說他又動機殺，因為想當king，說還有很多其他方法當king，比如他哥哥和老婆的 ，不被認可，侄子也無法合理繼承 除了莎士比亞還有很多其他作家也這么覺得，但是聽力說這是值得懷疑的，因為這些作家和理查德德的敵人tudors有關，朵朵想瓦解理查德德之類3、倫敦塔里有小孩頭骨在房間里，證明是他殺的，可是說當時有很多小孩在倫敦塔，不能判斷是誰的，也不能斷定和9討論將solartechnology當作fossilfuels的一個閱讀1solarenergy沒有othersources帶來的pollutant,比如沒有fossilfuel的pollutant和沒有nuclearenergy的radioactivecontamination:聽力反駁：使用solarenergy需要大量占地，比如NY如果要用能，那么得占用它25%的土地面積來建thousandsofpanels，而在土地越來越珍貴的今天，大量占用土地也是一種environmentalproblem閱讀2solarenergyisalwaysavailableandplentiful。能不像其他能源需要beminedwithgreateffort,而且可以store起來等沒陽光的日子用！反駁：儲藏能的電池是METAL做的，那些metal也需要beminedwitheffort，能的使用也會被effectedbynatureresources閱讀3Solarenergy能在remotelocations使用，比如mountainsandships現(xiàn)在這些邊遠地區(qū)難以接電線還是什么管道，所以能源使用，然而他們可以solarpanels，就可以自己發(fā)電聽力反駁solarenergyisacomplextechnology.如果你在CITYsolarenergy的設備壞了，修起來還方便；如果在邊遠地方，那就要花很長時間來修，也很。所以邊遠地區(qū)還是用gasoline好，easytomaintainThreetheoriestoexinwhymothsoftenflytowardsartificialreason1:Theymistakenartificiallightsforthemoon.(itisthenatureofmoths5toavoidpredatorsuchas,itwillflytowardsthemoon5sowhenmothsencounterapredator5itwillconsideranylightasmoon,somothswillflytowardsthelightwhichitobserved)reason2:Mothstakeman-madelightsasthelightfromflowers.(flowersreflectmorelightthanotherobjectsinthenight)，Mothsoftenflytoflowerssotheycansuckthenectarfromflowers.Sowhenartificiallightison,theythinkitisthelightfromflowers.reason3:Mothsflytoartificiallightbecausetheywanttoheatthemselves,becausethelightsourceiswarm.Listeningrefute3ideasreason1:Mothscirclearoundtheartificiallightandevencollideintoeachotherwhentheyfly.Theyalsoflymuchlongerthannecessary,evenlongafterthepredatorisgone.Ifthemoontheoryisvalid,mothswouldonlybeflyingupwardsratherthancircling.reason2:MothsdetectthepresenceofflowersbecausetheycandetecttheCO2thatflowersrelease,notbecausethereislightaroundtheflower.Ithasbeenfoundthatmothscandetectthekindofflowerandtherichnessoftheflowerfromtheamountofco2thattheseflowersrelease.SinceartificiallightdoesnotreleaseanyCO2,the“flowertheory”isalsoflawed.reason3:Ifthe“heattheory”isreasonable,thenmothswouldbeflyingtowardssometypesoflightmorethanothers.Forexample,theywouldflyintoflorescentlightmuchlessoftenbecauseflorescentlightiscold.Butonthecontrary,mothsprefertoflyintoflorescentlightratherthanotherwarmerlights.綜合寫作：東北部一個小區(qū)公園突然發(fā)現(xiàn)一批針葉樹木逐步死掉，懷疑是附Household使用的一種新型除草劑（Herbicide)惹的搞。文章認為不是的 主要原因-這種除草劑在投放市場之前經(jīng)過了機構詳細的長達數(shù)年的測試木有問題-并非所有的針葉樹木受，還有好多其他種類樹木木有問題。-」專家「發(fā)現(xiàn)這段時間氣候突然變化（變冷）可能是因為氣候原因導致樹木死Lecture講到還是認為這個除草劑是元兒：-的測試主要是針對人和動物的安全測試 沒有太多對植物的。-那些沒有被的樹木發(fā)現(xiàn)都是在高處的，而低處的都被了因為是流經(jīng)附近小區(qū)的河流將除草劑帶到了公園里這些樹木的根部-氣候變化應該是那些枯黃的老樹葉先死掉 而事實上很多新綠的樹葉也掉落了12講的是spaceship在宇宙空間中會遇到debris，三種解決方法1trackingdebris2shield3教授認為，第一種有很多小碎片很難追蹤，第二種是航天飛船需要的能量來建立防御罩，第三種用宇宙飛船把碎片脫離宇宙空間版2:講如何處理太空，reading里往方案，一bracking這些debris，二是加一個金屬的shield，三是用laserbroom給掃走。里面逐一批駁，方案一只能追蹤到大的piece，小的一樣很有性，且無法追蹤。二會加重飛船重量，需要更powerful的 。三laserbroom有可能會被用作獨角鯨頭上獨角的作用。關于獨角鯨tusksofnarwhals(NarwhalsNarwhile)functions獨角鯨頭上獨角的作用）閱讀：提出三種理論獨角應該是用來Piercethroughthickicesheettobreathe的，因為獨角鯨待的地方在冰層下面不好呼吸，還說有eyewitnesssee曾經(jīng)有獨角鯨冰層。獨角是malenarwhals用來Competefor此角與鯨的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)相連，可以起到—sensor的作用，感知oceanpropertiestemperature、鹽濃度、氣壓etc),而且是importantinnarwhals：教授反駁。她說其實獨角是軟的，可以Bend的，而且還是從manydirections，所以說獨角根本就穿透厚厚的冰層，只能弄碎很薄的冰面。目擊者看到的情況很有可能只是獨角itshead放在一個icesheethavealreadybeguntobreak的地方。她說其實所謂兩條公獨角鯨為領地而戰(zhàn)只是遠觀而得的結論，如果是從close的地方看就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，其實獨角録在gentlyrubeachother，這是它們的一種交流方式她說Femalenarwhalsdon'thavetusks，那如果這玩意在narwhilesurvival里真的很importantlivelongerthanThetopicisaboutthefunctionalityofNarwhal'stusks;Narwhalsakindofwhaleinocean;however,sinbothreadingandlisteningcontentaredifferentforthefunctionoftheFirstofall,thelecturerindicatesthatthetuskcannotbetobreakicesheetsintheoceanbecausethetusksarebendableandnothardenoughtopiercethroughthethickice.Eventhoughsomepeoplewitnessedtheice-breakingphenomenonNarwhalsdidasthereadingexins;itistruepartlybecausetheicesheethavealreadybrokeintosmalleronesorthinnerones,whichmakesitmucheasiertobreak.Secondly,thereadinginsiststhatthetuskisasweaponsformaleNarwhalstocompeteforterritoryforsuperiormatingopportunities.Likewisethisstandpointisrefutedbythespeakerwhotusksthatobservationfromadistancemakespeopleconfusedaboutwhattheyactuallywereng.Theywerecommunicating,notfightingeachother.MaleNarwhalsrubtogetherasawayofLastly,ifthetusk,possessedmostlybymale,isreallyessentialinthesurvivalgameforsuchcreatureintheocean,thelifespanofmaleshouldbelongerthanthatofthefemalethatrarelyhavetusks.HoweverthefactinthatfemaleNarwhalshavelongerlifespanthanmaleNarwhals.ThereadingsaystuskscanbeusedtosensethechangesoftheirlivingenvironmentandarevitaltoalltheNarwhals.Sothisdoesnotmakesense.Asabovementioned,thereadingandthelisteningcontentsareopposing.引，引進鹽度低的海Thistopicisaboutthreesolutionsforavoidingthesalinitylevelbeingaggravated;however,sinbothreadingandlisteningcontentaredifferent.FirstofallthelecturerindicatesthatduringtheprocessofdesalinationharmfulchemicalstheS-word(閱讀文本中會有具體拼寫)asmentioned/citedinthelisteningcannegativelyaffecttheseaandthecreatureslivinginthesamearea,includinghumanbeings;howeverreadingsayssuchpumoutwatermethodforremovingthesaltfromitisaneffectivetogetthesalt.Secondly,thereadinginsiststhatconstructingc orpipelinestointroducewaterthatislesssaltythantheGulfofCalifoniatotheseaisagreatidea.Likewise,thisstandpointisrefutedbythespeakerwhothinksthatisverypricytobuildsuchc onpipeline.Itcostsmillionsofdollarsandthelocal ernmentcannotafforditatall.Lastlythelisteningj^6ntentpointsoutthatthewallbuiltin^rtoeitherbalancethesalinitymaintainthesalii#yforthemajorpartisnotagoodSincetheSaltonSeaissitedingeologicallyacl^eregion,itisvulnerabletoearthquakes^notherwords,thewallcaneasilybedestroyedor^rackedforpossibleleakage,causingoretrouble.Nevertheless,theauthordisprovesit^yputtingforththeideathatwallscan^ieusedtoseparatethelakeintodifferentsections,fablingtokeepthesectionlesssalt^^romtheabovepoints,thereadingthusandthelistingcontentsare閱讀的那種情況只出現(xiàn)在的實驗中，那里的濃度相當高，自然界中的很低，不會對生物相比dispersant來說oil更，overallreducethetoxicThetopicdebatedisaboutwhetherornotoildispersantsaregreatagentasamethodtobeutilizedforoilspills;thespeakerandtheauthorholdadifferentonit.Thefirstpointisregardingthefactthatoildispersantscannotreallysolvetheproblemonceandforallbecausetheyjustturntheoilintosmallerdropletsadtheoilisstillthere.Eitherburningorskimmingtheoilisabettersolution.However,thespeakersaysthatthosetwomethodsofremovingtheoilcannotbecarriedoutwhenthewavesarehighorthewindisstrong.Thus,themethodsarenotefficientandfeasible.Secondly,accordingtothelecturer,theoildupletswithdetrimentalchemicalsareonlyathighconcentrationinthelabs,notintherealseacondition.Soinrealscenario,theconcentrationislowanddoesalmostnoharmtoseacreaturestheecosystem.However,，thereadingindicatesthatthesmallerdropletscanbeconsumedbycreatureslivingintheecosystemandaredeadlytoLastly,thereadingpointsoutthatoildispersantsarepoisonousthemselves,However,thespeakerclaimsthateverythingisatrade-offToputitdifferently,oilchemicalsfromtheoilspillarewaymoretoxic.Withlimitedways,oil-dispersantmethodisstillthebestforthetimebeing.Insummary,thespeakerthinksthattherearenomethodsthatcanperfectlywithoutanyflawordefect.Oildispersantarestillidealforthesolutionofoilspillatthistime.Thus,thestancesonbothmaterialsarecontradictory.閱讀：越來越多的人對在大公司上班失去了，轉而自己開公司(self-employed)： idea。2，1，自己開公司要面對的手續(xù)會3extrabenefitsAnincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosetostarttheirownbusinessinsteadofworkingfor.Thereadingpassageexinswhyself-employmenthas esopopular,whilethelecturerpointsoutseveralrisksassociatedwiththistrend.First,thereadingsaysthatbigcompaniesoftenhavetoomanybureaucraticregulationsandrules,makingitdifficultforindividualemployeestopursuetheirownideas.However,thelecturerarguesthatstartingone’sownbusinessinvolvesevenmorerulesduringtheprocessofbusinessSecond,thereadingstatesthatemploymentbybigcompaniesnowadaysisnotasstableasitusedtobe,leadingtoadecreasedsenseofsecurityamongemployees.However,thelecturerrefutesthispointbysayingthatstartingupanew involvesfarmorerisksandfarlessstabilitybecauseitcouldmeanthelossof alinvestmentorotherassets.Finally,thereadingsuggeststhatrecentlythereisatrendforbigcompaniestostopofferingextrabenefits,suchaspensionormedicalinsurance,totheiremployees.Yetthelecturerpointsoutthattheseextrabenefitsareevenlesslikelytobefoundinastart-up 12【REDRAINKerala2redrain1volcaniceruption;2.meteoricexplosion;3.sporesoflichens;1redrain,redrain因為和一般的雨差不多，生前地面上應該有大量的紅色lichens,可是市民都沒有看到這種現(xiàn)象。3【TheHohokam】人類的原因前1000年他們一直用得好好的，咋就一下沒了？3乏明確，有工事不等于有，也許只是預防而己；再說沒有其他關于的遺跡留下ThetopicisaboutthereasontheHohokampeoplewentextinctandvanished.Thecontentofbothmaterialsinreadingandlisteningaredifferent.Thefirstpointisaboutfoodscarcityproblem.Fromthereading,theirrigationsystemtheHohokampeopleusedcausealkalinequalityofthewaterthatleadstoinfertilizationonthelandHowever,thelisteningcontentindicatesthatfallow,themethodofleavinglandunseeded,allowedtheland efertileagainbyrainwaterwashingawaythesaltywater.Besides,theHohokampeoplehadbeenusingsucharablemethodforthousandsofyears.Thiswasacommonpractice,sothelandwouldnot eunabletofarminashortperiodoftime.Secondly,accordingtothespeaker,thetreementionedwasabletogrowfastwiththenurtureoftheMotherNature.Iftheywereonlyusedformaterialsofsettingupfiresorbuildinghouses,theywouldnotbeusedupeasily.Thislikewiserefutestheauthorfromthepassageinthattheychoppeddowntoomanytreesthattheir“meatsource”,livedon.Inotherwords,whenthoseanimalsdiedout,theHohokampeoplewerecutoffthefood.Atlastfromthereading,Navajogroups,theinvasivepeoplehassuccessfullyoccupiedthecetheHohokampeoplelived.Thusthereweresomefortificationsleftasevidence.Fromthelistening,however,mightnotbeemployedforwars.Maybetheywerejustusedfordefendingagainstinvadingpeopleandtheyneverusedit.Ontopofthat,therewerenothingelseleftexpectthosefences.Thereshouldbemoreevidenceleftiftherewerewars.Allpointsmentionedabove,thespeakerandtheauthorholddifferentviewsonthisissuefor