小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法與練習(xí)五 動(dòng)詞

小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法與練習(xí)五動(dòng)詞小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法與練習(xí)五動(dòng)詞/NUMPAGES24小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法與練習(xí)五動(dòng)詞小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法與練習(xí)五動(dòng)詞小升初英語(yǔ)基本語(yǔ)法與練習(xí)五動(dòng)詞知識(shí)要點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞表示人或事物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。根據(jù)其在句中的功能，動(dòng)詞可分為四類(lèi)，分別是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（指某個(gè)具體的靜態(tài)如：think,love等或動(dòng)態(tài)如：run,walk等）、系動(dòng)詞（常用的是be,feel,get,look,taste等）、助動(dòng)詞（常用的是do,does,did等用來(lái)構(gòu)成否定句及疑問(wèn)句）、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（常用的有can,may,must,shall,should等，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后一定要跟動(dòng)詞原形）。1)動(dòng)詞的基本形式絕大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都有五種基本形式：動(dòng)詞原形、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。A.第三人稱單數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后要加s或es，其變化規(guī)則與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的方法大體相同：1.一般情況下只在動(dòng)詞后加s，如work-works,write-writes.2.以o,s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加es，如guess-guesses,mix-mixes,finish-finishes,catch-catches.3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改y為i加es，如study-studies.注：不規(guī)則變化的有have-hasB.現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成1.一般情況下在動(dòng)詞后加ing，如study-studying,work-working.2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e再加ing，如write-writing,move-moving.3.以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫(xiě)末尾一個(gè)輔音字母，再加ing，如get-getting,begin-beginning.4.以ie結(jié)尾的名詞，一般將ie改為y，再加ing，如lie-lying,die-dying,tie-tying.C.過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成1.一般情況直接加ed，如ask-asked,work-worked.2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，只加d，如love-loved,dance-danced.3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y變?yōu)閕加ed，如try-tried,study-studied.4.以一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先雙寫(xiě)末尾一個(gè)字母，再加ed，如stop-stopped.練習(xí)：I.用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.__________yourfatheraworker﹖Yes,he__________.2.They__________intheclassroom．3.Where__________mybooks﹖4.These___________herpears.5.Howmuch_________theT-shirt?6.Howmuch__________thesocks?7.Ourmother_________fortylastyear.8.Youcan_________inourschoolmusicclub.9.Let's___________friends.10.HeandI_________friends.11.Someone__________intheroom.12.There____someapplesonthetableyesterday.II．劃出每句中正確的詞1.(Is/Are)hiseraseronthesofa?2.(Where/What)areyourbaseball?3.(Do/Does)Maryhaveaclock?4.(Are/Do)theywanttoseeamovie?5.(Is/Can)sheplaytheviolin?6.I(don't/doesn't)likehamburgers.7.WhydoesAlice(likes/like)music?8.Who(am/is)yourfather?9.(What/What's)herfavoritesubject?10.Howmuch(are/is)hersocks?11.I(am,is,was,were)busylastweek.12.TomandI(am,are,was,were)lateforschoolyesterday.13.I(walk,walks,walked,walking)toschoollastSaturday.14.Rose(doesnot,didnot,)visitherunclelastmonth.15.There(is,was,are,were)alotofpeopleovertheretenyearsago.III．寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去式。如：look-looks-looking-lookeddrink___________________________go___________________________stay___________________________make___________________________teach___________________________ride___________________________have___________________________pass___________________________carry___________________________come___________________________watch___________________________plant___________________________fly______________________________study___________________________brush___________________________read___________________________run___________________________write___________________________swim___________________________get____________________________say____________________________take___________________________see____________________________begin___________________________dance___________________________IV.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Letme_______(help)youfindyourpurse.2.Wouldyoulike__________(buy)thingsforNewYear'sDay?3.Ilike__________(make)kites.4.Hecan________(skate)betterthanME.5.Youmust_______(listen)toyourteacherinclass.6.Theyenjoy________(play)basketball.7.Shewants________(watch)cartoons.8.It'stimeforus________(read)books.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2).一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。4.有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（句中都帶有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)），但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞，如：begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close等。如：Themeetingbeginsatseven.會(huì)議7點(diǎn)開(kāi)始。5.在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。如：Ifyoucomethisafternoon,we'llhaveameeting.如果你今天下午來(lái)，我們將開(kāi)會(huì)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):1.be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞：often,usually,sometimes,everyday(week,year...)等。練習(xí)：I.用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?－It'sSaturdayII.改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________5.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：be+動(dòng)詞ing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志詞：now,Look!Listen!現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以表示將來(lái).如:HeisflyingtoBeijingtomorrow.他明天將乘飛機(jī)去北京。練習(xí)：I.用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen!Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look!They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It's5o'clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.11.It'steno'clock.Mymother_____(lie)inbed.12.What____he_____(mend)?13.We_____(play)gamesnow.14.What____you____(do)thesedays?15.____he___(clean)theclassroom?16.Who____(sing)inthenextroom?17.Thegirl____(like)wearingasweater.Look!She____(wear)aredsweatertoday.II.單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Look!He_____theirmotherdothehousework.A.ishelpingB.arehelpC.ishelpD.ishelpping()2._____aretheboysdoing?Theyaresingingintheroom.A.WhoB.HowC.WhatD.Where()3.Don'ttalkhere.Mymother_____.A.issleepingB.aresleepingC.sleepingD.sleep()4.Danny______.Don'tcallhim.A.iswriteingB.iswritingC.writingD.writes()5.-When_____he_____back?-Sorry,Idon'tknow.A.does,comeB.are,comingC.is,comeD.is,coming()6.Thechildren_____football.A.isplayingB.areplayingC.playtheD.playa()7.Listen!She____intheclassroom.A.issingingB.singC.tosingD.issing()8.It'ssixintheafternoon.TheGreens_______lunchtogether.A.hasB.arehavingC.havehadD.hadhad()9.SomeGermans_______(visit)ourschool.A.isvisitingB.arevisitingC.visitDvisiting()10.Iwanttoknowwhenhe_______forNewYorktomorrow.A.hasleftB.isleavingC.hadleftD.hasbeenleavingA.isvisitingB.arevisitingC.visitDvisiting()15.SomeGermans_______(visit)ourschool.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4).一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。一般將來(lái)時(shí)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingto+do；②will+do.一般將來(lái)時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞：tomorrow,nextweek(month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow，in+一段時(shí)間等。練習(xí)：I.填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛?我將去打籃球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.3.你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。Whattime_______you___________________meet?II.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.2.Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.3.Tomoften______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrainy.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.4.Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects?5.It'sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?She______________(watch)TVand_____________(catch)insects.6.What________you______(do)nextSunday?I______________(milk)cows.7.Mary____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.8.David______________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.9.I________________(plan)formystudynow知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5).一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法：間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1.過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.Iboughtanewshirtyesterday.Hewasaworkertwoyearsago.2.過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。e.g.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedwithfire.LiLeialwayswalkedtoschoollastterm.3.談到已故人的情況時(shí)多用過(guò)去時(shí)。e.g.LuXunwasagreatwriter.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用的時(shí)間詞：yesterday或由其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ),yesterdaymorning由"last"構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)la