高級英語2課后練習(xí)答案KeystoUnit2

KeystoLanguageWorkofUnitTwoI.1.B2.A3.C4.A5.C6.A7.B8.D9.A10.D11.A12.D13.B14.C15.A16.D17.A18.CI.Givewordsifthereareanythatareoppositeinmeaningtothoseitalicizedinthefollowingsentences.1.FortheBritish,wisecompromiseisabasicprincipleandvirtue.(foolish/unwise,vice)2.Weallthinkthatinnerbeautyshouldbematchedbybeautyoftheotherkind.(outer)3.Experiencestellusthatallsplendid-lookingpeoplearenotnecessarilyintelligent,orhonorable.(unintelligent/stupid,dishonorable)4.ThosewhogatheredaroundSocrateswerewell-bornandwell-bredyoungAthenians.(ill-bred)5.Weknowthatthewater-mirroraddsastrangebeauty.Eventhereflectionsoffactoriesandwarehouseshaveatranquilenchantmentinthewater.(repulsion)6.Thefingerprintexpert,FredericGreenofScotlandYard,waswaryofthehistoricsignificanceofhisfindings.(careless)7.Weareactuallysurprisedwhensomeonewhoisbeautifulisalsointelligentandtalented.(untalented/talentless)8.Thesescientistshaveloftyideals—tomakeasmanycontributionstomankindaspossibleintheirlimitedlifespan.(unlimited)9.Thedecisionmadeattheirlastmeetingwasarbitraryandsuperficial.(reasoned,penetrating)10.Solongascampersdonotcauseheathfire,leavelitteroralienatethosewholiveinthecountryside,theyarewelcomedbythelocalpeople.(please)11.Sheisnotwell-likedassheisalwaysonthedefensiveabouthermistakes.(offensive)12.Catholiccountriesstillretainsomevestigesofthepaganadmirationforbeauty.(contempt)13."ThisisAliceSymespeaking,"asoftfemininevoiceansweredthephone.(masculine)14.Womenshouldnotbeconsideredinferiortomeninanyrespect.(superior)15.Aftertheunsuccessfullaunchingoftherocket,wedisassembledittofindoutwhyithadmiscarried.(assembled)16.Asmallblemishisconsidereddesirableintheideallygood-lookingman.(perfection,undesirable,imperfectly)17.Multiplechoicequestionsinanexaminationaregenerallyregardedasobjective.(subjective)18.Capableastheyare,theseauthoritative,thoughtfulwomeninourfirmarenotplacedonanequalfootingwithmen.(unauthoritative/humble,heedless/thoughtless)19.SomeprofessionalwomeninChinacanbeabsoluteequalsofmen.(amateur)20.Ifawomanclambersuptoaleadingpositioninlawormedicine,shemusthavesomeadmirabletraits.(abominable/despicable)III.1.Nosoonerhadweexpressedouropinionsaboutbeautythanhestooduptosaytheopposite.2.SomanypeopleturnedouttoseethehandsomeactorRobertRedforduponhisvisittothemuseumthatalltrafficcametoastandstill.3.ThedestructionofmanyoftheoldbuildingsinancientAthenswasbroughtaboutbyabigfire.

4.Itistenyearssincethesewell-bornyoungAthenianslastwentbacktoAthens.5.Susaneventuallyclambereduptoaleadingpositioninpolitics.6.Theexhibitionwhichthefamousactressvisitedlastyearhasnotbeensowellattendedthisyear.7.Theexcusefortherefusaltopromotesomeofthecapable,thoughtfulwomenwastheshortageoffunds.8.Weweretoldnottotripoverthestepintothelounge.9.We'llbedisappointedifwecannotfindintelligence,talentsorvirtuesinabeautifulwoman.10.Evaluatingwomenlikethiswouldbepointless.11.Thismanlyreporter,whosebackgroundIknowwell,isonehundredpercentbraveandhonorable.12.Theassociationofbeautywithwomenisnolongeraspopular/widespreadasitusedtobe.IV.A.1.plimentaryB.1.measure,medium6.measurements11.medium2.measurement3.medium,medium4.standards5.measure7.measure8.measurements9.standard10.measurement12.standardsV.Rephrasethefollowing.1.OneofSocrates'mainpedagogicalactswastobeuglyandteachthoseinnocent,nodoubtsplendid-lookingdisciplesofhishowfullofparadoxeslifereallywas.(ll.5-7,para.1)ThecontrastbetweenSocrates'outwarduglinessandhisinnerstrengthsservedtodrawtheattentionofhisnaiveandhandsomefollowerstothefactthatthereweremanysuchstrangecontrastsintheworld.2.Wenotonlysplitoff—withthegreatestfacility—the"inside"(character,intellect)fromthe"outside"(looks);butweareactuallysurprisedwhensomeonewhoisbeautifulisalsointelligent,talented,good.(ll.9-11,para.2)Wetendtoresisttheideathatinsidebeauty(character,intellect)cancoexistwithoutsidebeauty(looks)inonesingleperson,andareinfacttakenabacktomeetonewhoisbeautifulbothinsideandoutside.3.Associatingbeautywithwomenhasputbeautyevenfurtheronthedefensive,morally.(ll.16-17,para.3)Beauty,whenconsideredinrelationtoafemale,involvesajudgmentofnotonlylooksbutalsocharacterandintellect,makingitselfamuchmorecontroversialissue.4.Ifawomandoesrealwork—andevenifshehasclambereduptoaleadingpositioninpolitics,law,medicine,business,orwhatever—sheisalwaysunderpressuretoconfessthatshestillworksatbeingattractive.(ll.52-54,para.9)Howeversuccessfulawomanmaybeinhercareerasapolitician,lawyer,doctor,businesswoman,orwhatever,sheunavoidablyfeelscompelledtoadmittomakinganefforttolookattractive.5.Onecouldhardlyaskformoreimportantevidenceofthedangersofconsideringpersonsassplitbetweenwhatis"inside"andwhatis"outside"thanthatinterminablehalf-comichalf-tragictale,theoppressionofwomen.(ll.57-59,para.10)Thebiasedattitudetowardswomen—thelongstoryofwhichisbothlamentableandlaughable—isthemostpowerfulproofastohowharmfulitcanbetojudgeapersonbyrefusingtoputintoconsiderationbothinnerbeautyandouterbeautytogether.

?MeasureSIZE/QUANTITY大小；數(shù)量?~(sb/sth)(forsth)tofindthesize,quantity,etc.ofsthinstandardunits測量；度量[動詞+名詞短語]Aship'sspeedismeasuredinknots.船速以節(jié)測量。adevicethatmeasuresthelevelofradiationintheatmosphere測量大氣層中輻射級的儀器He'sgonetobemeasuredforanewsuit.他去量尺寸做新衣服去了。measuringequipment/instruments測量裝備/儀器[動詞+wh-從句]Adipstickisusedtomeasurehowmuchoilisleftinanengine.量油尺是用來探查引擎中的剩余油量的。?linkingverb[動詞+名詞短語](notusedintheprogressivetenses不用于進行時)tobeaparticularsize,length,amount,etc.（指尺寸、長短、數(shù)量等）量度為Themainbedroommeasures12ftby15ft.主臥室寬12英尺，長15英尺。Thepondmeasuresabout2metresacross.這個池塘寬約2米。B.JUDGE判斷?tojudgetheimportance,valueoreffectofsth估量（同）assess[動詞+名詞短語，判定（重要性、價值或影響等）]Itisdifficulttomeasurethesuccessofthecampaignatthisstage.在現(xiàn)階段還難以估量這場運動的成敗。[also動詞+wh-從句]動詞短語measuresb/sthagainstsb/sthtocomparesb/sthwithsb/sth使相比較Thefiguresarenotverygoodwhenmeasuredagainstthoseofourcompetitors.和我們的競爭者相比，我們的數(shù)字并不樂觀。measuresth?outtotaketheamountofsththatyouneedfromalargeramount取出（或量出）所需量Hemeasuredoutacupofmilkandaddedittothemixture.他倒了一杯牛奶，摻了進去。measureup|measuresb/sth?uptomeasuresb/sth測量；量度Wespentthemorningmeasuringupanddecidingwherethefurniturewouldgo.我們花了一上午量來量去，決定家具怎么。擺measureup(tosth/sb)(usuallyusedinnegativesentencesandquestions通常用于否定句和疑問句)tobeasgood,successful,etc.asexpectedorneeded達到預(yù)期的要求；符合標準（同）matchupLastyear'sintakejustdidn'tmeasureup.

去年納入的人數(shù)沒有達到預(yù)期的要求。Thejobfailedtomeasureuptoherexpectations.這項工作沒有滿足她的期望。N.OFFICIALACTION正式行動?[可數(shù)名詞]~(todosth)anofficialactionthatisdoneinordertoachieveaparticularaim措施；方法safety/security/austeritymeasures安全/保安/緊縮措施atemporary/anemergencymeasure臨時/緊急措施Wemusttakepreventivemeasurestoreducecrimeinthearea.我們必須采取預(yù)防措施來減少這個地區(qū)的犯罪。Thegovernmentisintroducingtoughermeasurestocombatcrime.政府正在推行更強硬的手段來反擊犯罪。measuresagainstracism反種族主義措施Policeinriotgearwereinattendanceasaprecautionarymeasure.身著防暴服的警察到場實施預(yù)防行動?！猻eealsohalfmeasuresB.AMOUNT程度?[單數(shù)]aparticularamountofsth,especiallyafairlylargeamount（一定的）量，程度（同）degreeAmeasureoftechnicalknowledgeisdesirableinthisjob.做這項工作最好多懂一些技術(shù)知識。Sheachievedsomemeasureofsuccesswithherfirstbook.她出第一部書就得到C.WAYOFSHOWING/JUDGING展示方式；?[單數(shù)]asignofthesizeorthestrengthofsth尺度；標準；程度了相當(dāng)?shù)某晒?。判斷方法Sendingflowersisameasureofhowmuchyoucare.你派人送花就說明你是多么關(guān)心。?[可數(shù)名詞]awayofjudgingormeasuringsth判斷；衡量anaccuratemeasureofability能力的準確評判Isthistestagoodmeasureofreadingcomprehension?這種測試是判斷閱讀理解力的好方法嗎？D.UNITOFSIZE/QUANTITY度量單位?[可數(shù)名詞,不可數(shù)名詞]aunitusedforstatingthesize,quantityordegreeofsth;asystemorascaleoftheseunits度量單位；計量標準weightsandmeasures度量衡TheRichterScaleisameasureofgroundmotion.里氏震級是測量地動的單位。liquid/drymeasure液量；干量Whichmeasureofweightdopharmacistsuse?藥劑師使用什么劑量單位？

?[可數(shù)名詞](especiallyofalcohol尤指酒)astandardquantity標準量agenerousmeasureofwhisky比標準量稍多一點的威士忌E.INSTRUMENTFORMEASURING測量儀器?[可數(shù)名詞]aninstrumentsuchasastick,alongtapeoracontainerthatismarkedwithstandardunitsandisusedformeasuring量器；計量工具——seealsotapemeasureF.INMUSIC音樂?[可數(shù)名詞](NorthAmercianEnglish)=barn.(10)習(xí)語beyondmeasure(formal)verymuch非常；極其Heirritatedmebeyondmeasure.他使我非常生氣。forgoodmeasureasanextraamountofsthinadditiontowhathasalreadybeendoneorgiven作為額外增添；Use50gofriceperpersonandanextraspoonfulforgoodmeasure.每人50克大米，再額外加一勺。外加的項目full/shortmeasurethewholeofsthorlessofsththanyouexpectorshouldhave足/不足量Weexperiencedthefullmeasureoftheirhospitality.我們領(lǐng)受了他們十足的盛情。Theconcertonlylastedanhour,sowefeltweweregettingshortmeasure.音樂會僅僅持續(xù)了一個小時，讓我們有一種缺斤少兩的感覺。infullmeasure(formal)tothegreatestpossibledegree最大程度地；最大限度地get/take/havethemeasureofsb|get/have/takesb'smeasure(formal)toformanopinionaboutsb'scharacterorabilitiessothatyoucandealwiththem摸清某人的底細Afteronlyonegame,thechesschampionhadthemeasureofhisyoungopponent.僅僅一局過后，國際象棋冠軍就摸清了年輕對手的實力。innosmallmeasure|insome,equal,etc.measure(formal)toalargeextentordegree;tosome,etc.extentordegree在很大（或某種、同樣等）程度上Theintroductionofanewtaxaccountedinnosmallmeasureforthedownfallofthegovernment.這屆政府的垮臺在很大程度上歸因于征收一種新稅。Ourthanksaredueinequalmeasuretoeverymemberoftheteam.我們同樣感謝每一位隊員。madetomeasure(BritishEnglish)madeespeciallyforonepersonaccordingtoparticularmeasurements量身訂制的bespokeYou'llneedtogetasuitmadetomeasure.你得定做一套西裝。amade-to-measuresuit定做的服裝——moreatlargeadj.

?Measurement①(N-COUNT)（通常以數(shù)字形式呈現(xiàn)的）測量結(jié)果Ameasurementisaresult,usuallyexpressedinnumbers,thatyouobtainbymeasuringsomething.●Wetooklotsofmeasurements...我們得到了許多測量結(jié)果?！馮hemeasurementsareextraordinarilyaccurate.測量結(jié)果極為精確。②(N-VAR)測量;計量Measurementofsomethingistheprocessofmeasuringitinordertoobtainaresultexpressedinnumbers.●Measurementofbloodpressurecanbeundertakenbypracticenurses.測量血壓可以由實習(xí)護士完成。③(N-VAR)（質(zhì)量、價值或影響的）衡量，評估，估量Themeasurementofthequality,value,oreffectofsomethingistheactivityofdecidinghowgreatitis.●...themeasurementofoutputinthenon-marketsector.評估非市場部門的效益④(N-PLURAL)三圍；(身材)尺寸Yourmeasurementsarethesizeofyourwaist,chest,hips,andotherpartsofyourbody,whichyouneedtoknowwhenyouarebuyingclothes.?Medium①(ADJ)中等的;中間的;中號的Ifsomethingisofmediumsize,itisneitherlargenorsmall,butapproximatelyhalfwaybetweenthetwo.●Amediumdoseproducesseverenauseawithinhours...中等劑量幾小時之內(nèi)會引發(fā)嚴重的惡心?！馠ewasofmediumheightwithblondhairandlightblueeyes.他中等身材，金發(fā)碧眼。②(ADJ)中間的;平均的Youusemediumtodescribesomethingwhichisaverageindegreeoramount,orapproximatelyhalfwayalongascalebetweentwoextremes.●Foodsthatcontainonlymediumlevelsofsodiumarebread,cakes,milk,butterandmargarine.含鈉量僅為中等水平的食物有面包、蛋糕、牛奶、黃油和人造黃油?！?..asweetish,medium-strengthbeer.中度甜啤酒③(COMBinCOLOUR)(顏色)不深不淺的，適中的Ifsomethingisofamediumcolour,itisneitherlightnordark,butapproximatelyhalfwaybetweenthetwo.●Andreahasmediumbrownhair,greyeyesandverypaleskin...安德烈婭有著深淺適中的棕發(fā)、灰色的眼睛和十分白皙的皮膚?！馱henvioletisaddedtothemediumblueaparticularlystriking,warmcolorationiscreated.在中藍色中加入藍紫色就形成了一種格外鮮艷奪目的暖色。④(N-COUNT)(表現(xiàn))方式;(交流)手段Amediumisawayormeansofexpressingyourideasorofcommunicatingwithpeople.●InSierraLeone,Englishisusedasthemediumofinstructionforallprimaryeducation...在塞拉利昂，基礎(chǔ)教育階段全部用英語授課。●ButArtaudwasincreasinglydissatisfiedwithfilmasamedium.但是阿爾托對電影這種表現(xiàn)方式越來越不滿。⑤(N-COUNT)媒介;介質(zhì);媒介物Amediumisasubstanceormaterialwhichisusedforaparticularpurposeorinordertoproduceaparticulareffect.●Bloodisthemediuminwhichoxygeniscarriedtoallpartsofthebody...血液是將氧氣輸送到人體各個部位的媒介。

●Hyatthasfoundawayofcreatingthesequalitiesusingthemorepermanentmediumofoilpaint.海厄特已經(jīng)找到產(chǎn)生這些特性的方法，那就是利用油彩這種更加持久的材料。⑥(N-COUNT)(自稱能夠在死者與生者之間傳遞信息的)巫師，靈媒Amediumisapersonwhoclaimstobeabletocontactandspeaktopeoplewhoaredead,andtopassmessagesbetweenthemandpeoplewhoarestillalive.⑦(PHRASE)中庸之道;折中辦法Ifyoustrikeorfindahappymediumbetweentwoextremeandoppositecoursesofaction,youfindasensiblewayofbehavingthatissomewherebetweenthetwoextremes.●Istillaimtostrikeahappymediumbetweenproducingfootballthat'sworthwatchingandgettingresults...我仍致力于打造這樣一種球風(fēng)——既具觀賞性，又能得分，兩全其美?！馡t'sverydifficulttostrikeahappymediumandmakeitrightforeverybody.找到皆大歡喜的折中辦法頗有難度。N.(pl.media|?mi:di?|or,mediums)?awayofcommunicatinginformation,etc.topeople（傳播信息的）媒介，手段，方法themediumofradio/television廣播/電視媒介electronic/audio-visualmedia電子/視聽媒體Televisionisthemodernmediumofcommunication.電視是現(xiàn)代傳媒。AT-shirtcanbeanexcellentmediumforgettingyourmessageacross.T恤衫可以成為一種——seealsomassmedia,media?somethingthatisusedforaparticularpurpose手段；工具；方法極好的表達信息的媒介。Englishisthemediumofinstruction(=thelanguageusedtoteachothersubjects).用英語進行教學(xué)。Videoisagoodmediumforlearningaforeignlanguage.錄像是一種學(xué)習(xí)外語的好方法。?thematerialortheformthatanartist,awriteroramusicianuses（文藝創(chuàng)作中用使的）材料，形式themediumofpaint/poetry/drama繪畫/詩歌/戲劇的媒介Watercolourishisfavouritemedium.水彩畫是他最喜歡的表現(xiàn)方式。?(biology生)asubstancethatsthexistsorgrowsinorthatittravelsthrough介質(zhì)；培養(yǎng)基；環(huán)境Thebacteriaweregrowinginasugarmedium.細菌在糖基中生長。(pl.mediums)?apersonwhoclaimstobeabletocommunicatewiththespiritsofdeadpeople通靈的人；靈媒；巫師?Standard①(N-COUNT)(尤指合格的)水平，水準Astandardisalevelofqualityorachievement,especiallyalevelthatisthoughttobeacceptable.●Thestandardofprofessionalcrickethasneverbeenlower...職業(yè)板球的水平從來沒有這么低過。●Therewillbenewnationalstandardsforhospitalcleanliness.

有關(guān)醫(yī)院清潔的新國家標準將會出臺。②(N-COUNT)(用以衡量質(zhì)量的)標準，基準Astandardissomethingthatyouuseinordertojudgethequalityofsomethingelse.●...systemsthatwerebylaterstandardsabsurdlyprimitive.以后來的標準來衡量顯得非常原始的系統(tǒng)③(N-PLURAL)道德準則;行為規(guī)范Standardsaremoralprincipleswhichaffectpeople'sattitudesandbehaviour.●Myfatherhasalwayshadhighmoralstandards.我父親一直具有很高的道德準則。④(ADJ-GRADED)普通的;常規(guī)的Youusestandardtodescribethingswhichareusualandnormal.●Itwasstandardpracticeforuntrainedclerkstoadviseinseriouscasessuchasmurder...讓未經(jīng)過訓(xùn)練的書記員在諸如謀殺等重大案件中提供建議是普遍的做法?！馧ootherexecutivecarcanofferyouthesamelevelofstandardequipmentatthisprice.再無其他高級轎車能按這個價格水平為你提供同樣水準的標準配置。⑤(ADJ)(作品等)受廣泛閱讀的，最受推崇的，最具權(quán)威性的Astandardworkortextonaparticularsubjectisonethatiswidelyreadandoftenrecommended.N.LEVELOFQUALITY品質(zhì)標準?[可數(shù)名詞,不可數(shù)名詞]~(ofsth)alevelofquality,especiallyonethatpeoplethinkisacceptable（品質(zhì)的）標準，水平，規(guī)格，規(guī)范afallinacademicstandards學(xué)術(shù)水準的下降Weaimtomaintainhighstandardsofcustomercare.我的們宗旨是始終以高標準為顧客服務(wù)。Thestandardofthisyear'sapplicationsisverylow.今年的申請標準很低。Hefailedtoreachtherequiredstandard,anddidnotqualifyfortherace.他未能達到所要求的標準，因而不具備參賽資格。Herworkisnotuptostandard(=ofagoodenoughstandard).她的工作不合格。Whosetsthestandardforwaterquality?水質(zhì)標準由誰來制訂？AnumberofBritain'sbeachesfailtomeetEuropeanstandardsoncleanliness.英國有幾處海灘不符合歐洲的清潔標準。Intheshantytownsthereareverypoorlivingstandards.棚戶區(qū)的生活水平很低?！猻eealsostandardofliving,substandard?[可數(shù)名詞,常用復(fù)數(shù)]alevelofqualitythatisnormaloracceptableforaparticularpersonorin