Unit5Canada-＂TheTrueNorth＂“十市聯(lián)賽”一等獎

EducationSysteminCanada

EducationinCanadaisunderthecompletejurisdictionoftheprovincesandterritoriesandassuch,thereisnofederaleducationsysteminCanada.Inkeepingwiththenationalcommitmenttoeducation,publiceducationinCanadaisfreeuptoandincludingsecondaryschoolinalltheprovinces.

However,eachprovincialsystem,whilesimilartotheothers,reflectsitsspecificregionalconcerns,andhistoricalandculturalheritage.Atthepost-secondarylevel,institutionsaredividedintocommunitycollegesanduniversities.

Postsecondaryeducationisofferedbyfourtypesofeducationalinstitutions:

Universities

UniversityColleges

CommunityColleges/TechnicalInstitutes

CareerColleges

Universities:

Canadianuniversitiesarelargelypublicfunded,and,asaresult,offerconsistentlyhighqualityeducationatlowertuitionratesforinternationalstudentsthantheircounterpartsincompetingcountries.

Theyofferabroadrangeofcoursesanddegreesfromundergraduatetodoctorateandalsocertificateandprofessionaldegrees.

UniversityColleges:

AsacomponentoftheCanadianuniversitysystem,universitycollegesofferstudentsachoiceofeitheracademicorienteduniversitydegreeprogrammesorthemorepractical-orientedcollegediplomasandcertificates.

AsapartoftheCanadiancollegesystem,universitycollegesaredistinguishedbytheirstrongstudentsupportservices,smallclassesandstrongcampusenvironments.

Theyalsooffercombineddegree/diplomaprogrammesanduniversitytransferprogrammes.

Communitycollegesandtechnicalinstitutes:

Theytypicallyhaveamorevocational-relatedcurricula,withsmallclasses,off-campuscourseofferings,agreaterratiooflaboratoryspacetoclassroomspace,andaninteractiveteachingstyle.

TheuniquenessofCanadiancollegesliesinthecombinationofemployer-centeredcurricula.

Theseinstituteshavetheprimaryfunctionofrespondingtothetrainingneedsofbusiness,industry,andpublicservicesectors.

Mostcollegesandtechnicalinstitutesofferdiplomasandcertificatesratherthandegrees,however,moreandmorenowgrantdegreesandapplieddegrees.

Technical/CareerCollege:

Thisisaprivatelyownedandoperatedschoolwiththemainobjectiveofpreparingstudentsforthejobmarketafterashortperiodofinstruction.

Theemphasisatcareercollegesisonpracticalskillsoverabroadrangeofprogrammes.

Theyspecializeinsuchareasasbusiness,computers,andsecretarialskills.

Althoughprivatelyowned,theseinstitutesareprovinciallyapprovedandregulated,ensuringthatprogrammesstandardsandqualityaremaintained.

TheacademicyearusuallystartsinSeptemberandendsinMay,andisnormallydividedintotwosemesters.

SomeinstitutesoperateonasemesterortrimestersystemandadmitstudentsinJanuaryand/orMayaswellasSeptember.

Manyinstitutesofferalimitednumberofcoursesandspecialprogrammesduringthesummersession.

TypeofCertification

Certificateisaqualificationawardeduponsuccessfulcompletionofaprogrammewhichisusuallyoneyearinlength,andisofferedatcolleges.

Diplomaisthequalificationawardedonthebasisofoneortwoyear’ssuccessfulstudy,andisofferedatcolleges.

Undergraduate/bachelorsdegrees

areawardedbyauniversityafterfouryearsoffull-timestudy,andleadtograduatelevelstudies.

Graduate/postgraduatedegreesleadtoadvanceddegrees,diplomasandcertificates.

Apre-requisitetoparticipateingraduatestudiesisabachelors/undergraduatedegree(4years).

programmeswilltypicallyrequireaminimumoftwotothreeyearsofrelevantworkexperience,GMATscoreof580-600,TOEFLscoreof560-600,anda4yeardegree,andaregenerally2yearsinduration,thoughafewinstitutesofferafasttrackoption.

Pre-requisitestoparticipatinginamaster’sprogrammeisafouryearbachelor’sdegreewithhighacademicstandingequivalenttoaminimummid-BgradeinCanada(mid70’s);atleasttwoacademiclettersofreference;andotherqualificationsasspecified,ie.,TOEFL,GREgeneraland/orsubjecttest.

Master’sprogrammesgenerallyrequiretwoyearstocompletefulltime,andusuallyrequireacombinationofcourseworkandthesis.

Doctorateor.isadegreerankingaboveamaster’sdegree,and

generallyrequiresfourtosevenyearstocompletefulltime.

Acombinationofcoursework,originalresearch,andathesisisrequired.

Prerequisitesaretypicallyamaster’sdegree,althoughdirectentryfromabachelor’grammemaybepossibledependingontheschoolandprogramme.

Minimumhigh-BgradeinCanada(high70’s)isrequired;whererelevant,demonstratedresearchcompetenceequivalenttoatleastaB+grade;atleasttwoacademiclettersofreference;andotherqualificationsasspecified,ie.,TOEFL,GREgeneralandorsubjecttest.

Post-doctor