獸醫(yī)師貓傳染病專題中文4fhv esavs katrin

ViralCausesofUpperRespiratoryTractDiseaseFeline KatrinProf.Dr.med.vet.,Dr.habil.,Dipl.ECVIM- ilians-Universit?t10weeksoldhistorywaspurchasedabreeder1week nextstartedsneezingandnasaldischargevaccinatedsinglecatonlyphysical veryquiet,shiveringsevereconjunctivitisright>lefteyemildserousnasal- feline -貓皰 =felines feline Chlamydophila la smaspp.(e.g.M.支原體（例如，貓支原體other

nasaldisch鼻分泌物 Lameness跛+-+++--+++-+---+-+---+- swab 拭子（結(jié)膜=>multiplexPCR(FCV,FHV,Chlamydophila多元性PCR（貓杯 ，貓皰 ，貓衣原體swab 拭子（結(jié)膜=>cytology(forChlamydophila細(xì)胞學(xué)（用于貓衣原體swab

positiveforFHVChlamydophilafeliscytology細(xì)胞=>ChlamydophilafelisinclusionEtiology病因?qū)Wbigenvelopedonlyonesingle

pathogenesisonnaturalconditionsonlyrestrictivereplication(<=>replicationin"cold"noviremiaatbody自然條件下發(fā)病機(jī)制僅存在溫度限制 方式（<37在“冷的” -multifocalnecrosisofepithelial-上皮細(xì)胞多灶性壞

FHV–byocularandnasaldischarge,(1to3weekperiod1-3

generallydirect,大多數(shù)情況時(shí)直接indirecttransmissionpossiblecarrier

lessstableintheenvironment(upto24hours長達(dá)24persistsin withoutshedding不發(fā)生排毒periodsofshedding(1to2weeks)after免疫抑制后（1-2周）會發(fā)生排susceptiblecatFHV-Carrier susceptiblecat攜帶狀(mayshowclinical排毒的攜帶（可能表現(xiàn)臨床癥狀catwithacuteFHV急性4-

e(e.g.boarding,goingtostud,catshow,epidemiologicallyimportant)goesnoevidenceself-riableperiodofriableperiodofFHV–Clinicalsneezing噴 96nasaldischarge鼻分泌 52ulcersintheoralcavitiy口腔潰 4MacLachlan&Burgess,ocular facialdermatitisChronic慢性鼻SevereTracheitis/ Keratitis角膜

OcularkeratoconjunctivitissymblepharonMD_info/md_HSK1consequenceofgeneralreplicationinthe FacialHargis&Ginn,ulcerativefacial erythematous,erosive,characterizedby

Scott&Scott&Craig,Scott&Craig,FHV–detectionofdetection cytology(inclusion細(xì)胞學(xué)（包涵體 抗原isolation(cell分離（細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)

notrarelytofindsensitiveandvery difficultifconcurrentFCVinfection FHVFHV–TreatmentSupportiveNutrition營appetitestimulation食欲刺diazepam0.050.25mg/kgIV(immediate 0.250.5mg/kgq12hPO(longerapplication)0.51mg/kgq12hPO(longerapplication長期運(yùn)用Mirtazapine3mg/Ktz.vitamins(mucosal 維生素（黏膜重建vitaminA5000IU/kgq24hvitaminC80mg/kgq8hvitaminBcomplexq48hEsophageal食道Antiviraldrugsagainst localtreatmentsystemic

局部治療（眼部specificantibodies(Feliserin?特定抗Antiviraldrugsagainst localtreatmentsystemic

specificantibodies(Feliserin?特定抗AntiviralEffectinFHVand -1,4-50,3-513,0-*lowIC50highefficacy高度有In-vitro-datafromdifferentstudies不同研究的離體試驗(yàn)數(shù)LocalOcular局部眼部治>====>>>Maggs,

pictureU.Dietrich,三氟尿trifluridine(Triflumann?eye1eyedrops1%眼滴verygoodefficacyagainstFHVin離體試驗(yàn)對FHV很有excellentpenetrationoftheirritationoftheeye對眼有刺expensiveonday1q1h,afterwardsq3(-4)第一天1小時(shí)一次，之后每3-4小時(shí)一碘idoxuridine0,1eyedrops0.1%眼滴0,5eyeointment0.5%眼軟goodefficacyagainstFHVin離體試驗(yàn)對FHV效果toleratedverywellbycats貓的耐受性很relativelyinexpensive(formulatedby相對便宜（藥房開具q4h每4小時(shí)一Viradabineviradabine(Vidarabin3%3eye 3%的眼軟goodefficacyagainstFHVin離體試驗(yàn)對FHV效果很toleratedverywellby貓的耐受性q46 每4(-6)小時(shí)一cidofovir1dropof0,5cidofovirq12hreductionofsymptomsandviral減輕癥狀 的脫expensivescarringofthenasolacrimalduct鼻淚管 （人Cidofovir:Experimental12catswithexperimentalFHV-12只貓6catscidofovirtopical)6只運(yùn)用cidofovir（局部1dropof0,5%cidofovirin1%carboxymethylcelluloseinbotheyesq12hfor10days6 6只貓給安慰clinicalsigns臨床癥amountofviral 脫落的數(shù)Fontenelleetal.,AntiviralDrugsagainst localtreatmentsystemic

specificantibodies(Feliserin?特定抗commerciallyavailiablee.g.asZovirax? modeofaction作用的模 核苷類似 interfereswithDNA-replicationof 干擾皰 DNA isonlyactivatedinherpesinfected只在皰 的細(xì)胞中有活Dosage劑 10mg/kgq8hSC,IV,PO(ortopicalapplication或是局部給sideeffects lowtoxicity低毒=>damageofrenal腎小管損 localirritationif如果注射有局部刺AntiviralEffectinFHVand -1,4-50,3-513,0-*lowIC50highefficacy高有效In-vitro-datafromdifferentstudies來自不同研究的體外實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)SelectivityofSelectivityof acyclovirSelectivityof acyclovir

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acyclovirlowaffinitytocellularDNA對細(xì)胞DNA聚合酶的Valacyclovir:Experimental24SPF-cats(experimentalFHV-infection) 12catsvalacyclovir(60mg/kgPOq612只運(yùn)用12cats nodifferencein“ocularsigns”對“眼部癥狀 不severesideeffects嚴(yán)重的副反-ety腎毒FamciclovirfamcicloviractivatedinFHV-infectedcells在 bythymidinkinaseof casereports

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ocularchangesn4)rhinosinusitis(n dermatitisn4皮-62,5mg/catq8–12hPO(n=125mg/catq12hPO(n=4)toleratedwellover4months 泛昔洛famciclovircasereports23catsofdifferentowners ocular,dermatologic,respiratorysigns93(70–141)mg/kgPOq814,5(7–63)17catswithmarkedimprovement74%) Thomasy&Maggs,Famciclovirshouldn‘teverycatbedosagepresumably...40mg/kgq8h(untilimprovement)（直到有改善nosideeffects(evenifgivenover沒有副作用（盡管給藥超過幾個(gè)月Scott&Craig,humaninterferon-a,felineinterferon-antiviraleffects assemlyand cytokine,immunomodulatoryDosage huIFN-ahighdose105IU/kgq24hSQ(shortterm huIFN-alowdose1(-50)IUq24hPO(longterm feIFN-w106IU/kgSQq24hon5 Spectrum infectionssideeffects rarelyallergicreactions(huIFN-FelineIFN-ωagainstinhibitionofFHVreplicationinefficacyfelineinterferon-ω>>>humaninterferon-Siebecketal.,Interferoninvitro干擾素-離體試interferoninvitro干擾素-1–5x10^5IU/mlrhIFNαor-reducedFHV-1–titerandcytopathic減少FHV-1滴度以及細(xì)胞病理作-inhigherconcentrations高濃度IFNωSandmeyeretal.AJVR2005;66:210-216Slebecketal.AJVR2006;67:1406-141110or100IU/ml8-foldreductionoftheacyclovir– particularlywithIFNα–Weiss. 50:1672-FelineIFN-ωagainstHaidetal.,FelineIFN-ωagainstexperimentalFHVinfectionin9SPF試驗(yàn)造 9只5catsfelineinterferon-ω(starting2daysbefore5只用貓干擾素w（用藥前2天103IU/catq12htopicallyintobotheyes203IU/catq24h4 cebo4nosignificantdifferenceinHaidetal.,FelineIFN-ωagainstexperimentalFHVinfectionin9SPF試驗(yàn)造 9只5catsfelineinterferon-ω(starting2daysbefore5只用貓干擾素w（用藥前2天103IU/catq12htopicallyintobotheyes203IU/catq24h4 cebo4nosignificantdifferenceinclinicalscoreHaidetal.,FelineIFN-ωagainstexperimentalFHVinfectionin9SPF試驗(yàn)造 9只5catsfelineinterferon-ω(starting2daysbefore5只用貓干擾素w（用藥前2天103IU/catq12htopicallyintobotheyes203IU/catq24h4 cebo4nosignificantdifferenceinclinicalscore Haidetal.,FelineIFN-ωagainstexperimentalFHVinfectionin9SPF試驗(yàn)造 9只5catsfelineinterferon-ω(starting2daysbefore5只用貓干擾素w（用藥前2天103IU/catq12htopicallyintobotheyes203IU/catq24h4 cebo4nosignificantdifferenceinclinicalscore period Haidetal.,FelineIFN-ωagainstexperimentalFHVinfectionin9SPF試驗(yàn)造 9只5catsfelineinterferon-ω(starting2daysbefore5只用貓干擾素w（用藥前2天103IU/catq12htopicallyintobotheyes203IU/catq24h4 cebo4nosignificantdifferenceinclinicalscore period significantlyhigherscoreforepithelialHaidetal.,FelineIFN-ωagainstexperimentalFHVinfectionin9SPF試驗(yàn)造 9只5catsfelineinterferon-ω(starting2daysbefore5只用貓干擾素w（用藥前2天103IU/catq12htopicallyintobotheyes203IU/catq24h4 cebo4nosignificantdifferenceinclinicalscore period significantlyhigherscoreforepithelialidetl.207有 antiviraleffects neutralizing forprophylaxissingleinjection fortreatment3xSQ(3consecutive治療劑量3倍（連續(xù)3天Spectrum , , sideeffects anaphylacticreactionincats 貓的過敏作用（重復(fù)使用L-Lysineaminoacid( ogueofarginine)activeinvitro(Maggsetal.,2000)離體試驗(yàn)有作inacuteFHVinfection在急性lesssevereclinicalsigns(Stilesetal.,inchronicFHVinfections在慢性reducedriskofreactivation(Maggsetal.2003)減少反應(yīng)風(fēng)nosideeffects無副反Cheap500mg/catq12hmixedwithsmallamountsofmoistL-LysineasFoodnewstudiesofefficacyinanimal在動(dòng)物上作用的新研supplementwithL-lysineforcatswithenzooticcat提供給患有地方性貓noeffect無作Maggsetal.nutritionalsupplementationofL-lysineaspreventionofcatfluinanimalshelter=>noeffectRees&LubinskinutritionalsupplementationofL-lysinetotreatcatfluinanimal=>no作為治療貓流感的營養(yǎng)補(bǔ) 無作(ratheraggravationofsymptomsandriseofviralshedding癥狀加重以 排毒增 缺少精氨酸Drazenovichetal.,

ckLysine賴氨efficacyinFHV-1–infected受FHV- decreasedreplicationinvitro(viaarginine離體試驗(yàn) 降低（同精氨酸的類似物相比clinical conjunctivitis(youngcats)結(jié)膜炎減少（幼貓shedding(adult 排毒減少（青年250/500mg–depotSIDnotcounter-productiveasfoodLactoferrin lianiron-bindingproducedbymucosalepithelialantibacterial