【課件】Unit+3Discovering+Useful+Structures+課件-人教版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

Unit3DiverseCulturesDiscoveringusefulstruturesBook3Ellipsis(省略)UnderstandtheuseofellipsisinEnglishExcuseme!Yes?Isthisyourhandbag?Pardon?Isthisyourhandbag?Yes,itis.Thankyouverymuch.這段簡(jiǎn)短的對(duì)話中都省略了哪些詞呢？WatchandObserveExcuseme!Yes?Isthisyourhandbag?Pardon?Isthisyourhandbag?Yes,itis.Thankyouverymuch.(You)(Ibegyour)pardon.myhandbag.(I)HaveaObservethefollowingsentencesandpayattentiontotheredparts.1.A:Oh,Ijustlovenachos!(Theyare)MexicancornchipscoveredinCheese!B:Me,too./(Ilovenachos),too.2.A:Soit'sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,(andtheyare)allinonedish?B:Exactly,(it'sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,andtheyareallinonedish.)3.(Thereis)arealmixofcultureshere!4.(I)can'twait(togothere)!Pleaseunderlinethewordsthatcanbeleftout.1.A:Oh,Ijustlovenachos!TheyareMexicancornchipscoveredinCheese!B:Me,too./Ilovenachos,too.2.A:Soit'sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,andtheyareallinonedish?B:Exactly,it'sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,andtheyareallinonedish.3.Thereis

arealmixofcultureshere!4.Ican'twaittogothere!省略句的定義(definitionofellipsis)省略是為了避免重復(fù)、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的一種語(yǔ)法修辭手段。省略在語(yǔ)言中,尤其在對(duì)話中,是一種十分普遍的現(xiàn)象。省略前提:主謂賓,定狀表,如有重復(fù)可刪掉。省略原則:詞語(yǔ)省略后,不致令人費(fèi)解。①

(You)Comein,please.②

(I)Seeyoutomorrow.③

(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.④

(I)Begyourpardon.簡(jiǎn)單句中的省略1.省略主語(yǔ):

祈使句中的主語(yǔ)通常被省略;

其他省略主語(yǔ)的情況多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說(shuō)法。①(It)Soundsagoodidea.②(Willyou)Haveasmoke?③(Wouldyoulike)Somethingtodrink?④(Youcome)Thisway,please.2.省略主語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分3.省略賓語(yǔ)①---DoyouknowMissHu?---Idon'tknow(her).②Tomenjoysdancing,butPeterhates

(dancing).可以省略賓語(yǔ)的全部①Don'ttouchanythingunlesstheteachertellsyouto(touch).②---Areyouateacher?---No,butIwanttobe

(ateacher).③---Hehasn'tfinishedthetask.---Well,heoughttohave

(finishedit).可以省略作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式,只保留to,但如果該賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞be或完成形式,則須在to后加上be或have。①---Areyouthirsty?---Yes,Iam(thirsty).②Hisbrotherisn'tlazy.Norishissister(lazy).4.省略表語(yǔ)①---Areyoufeelingbetternow?---(I'mfeeling)Better(now).②---Whendidyoureadthenovel?---(Ireadit)Longago.③Let'smeetattheschoolgateasthesameas(wemet)yesterday.5.同時(shí)省略幾個(gè)句子成分兩個(gè)并列分句中，后一分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。①M(fèi)ikesaidthathewouldcometoschooltoseemethenextday,buthedidn't(cometoschooltoseemethenextday).②Lin'sfatherwasnotathome,buthismotherwas(athome).③Shewaspoorbut

(shewas)honest.并列句中的省略1.主句中的省略(1)主句的省略多見(jiàn)于句首，多用于口語(yǔ)。(It'sa)Pityyoucouldn'tcome.(2)在對(duì)話中答句省去整個(gè)主句只用從句。--ShallIgotoplay?--Ifyoulike(youcangotoplay).復(fù)合句中的省略2.賓語(yǔ)從句中的省略(1)由which,when,where,how和why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，可全部或部分省去，只保留引導(dǎo)詞。PleasepassmeoneofthesebooksandIdon'tcarewhich(youpassme).(2)在I'mafraid,Ithink,Ibelieve,Ihope,Iguess等開(kāi)頭的作答句中，后面跟so與not分別用于肯定或否定賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可省去。--Doyouthinkitwillrain?--Ihopenot(thatitwillnotrain).3.狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略(1)狀語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在句末時(shí)，一般都可以作句尾省略。①JohnwillgoifMarywill(go).②Youcanaskmequestionsif(thereare)any(questions).(2)有時(shí)條件從句可以完全省去，只剩下主句。Iwouldhavecomeyesterday(if

Ihad

wantedto).(3)以as,than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句可以全部或部分省去。Afterhalfanhour,shebecamequieter(than

shehadbeen).(4)在表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、讓步等的狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句的主語(yǔ)如與主句的主語(yǔ)相同，常省略從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)。①When

(youare)crossingtheroad,you'dbetterlookatbothsides.②Unless

(Iam)invited

Iwillnotgo.③While

(hewas)onawalkingtourwithhiswife,hestoopedtotalktoaworkman.1.that的省略(1)賓語(yǔ)從句中常省略that,但多個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句并列時(shí),通常只省略第一個(gè)that。Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.(2)定語(yǔ)從句中that作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。Thebook(that)Iborrowedyesterdaywashers.其他省略2.不定式符號(hào)to的省略(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to。Theboydidnothing

butplay.(3)介詞but前若有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do,后面不定式不帶to。①I(mǎi)willhelp

(to)

doitforyou.②Iwillhelpyou

(to)

doit.(2)help當(dāng)“幫助”講時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)的不定式符號(hào)to可帶可不帶。Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.①I(mǎi)sawtheboyfallfromthetree.②Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.③Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.④Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.(4)某些使役動(dòng)詞(let,make,have)及感官動(dòng)詞(see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等)后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式一定要省去to,但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中須將to復(fù)原。(5)主語(yǔ)從句中有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do,后面作表語(yǔ)的不定式的to可帶可不帶。Whatwecandonowis(to)wait.3.條件從句中有should,were或had時(shí),可以省略if,但要將should,were或had提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略①Noparking.(Noparkingisallowedhere.)②Quiet!(Youshouldbequiethere.)1.signs/labelsTurandotonstage.(TheoperaTurandotisbeingperformedonstage.)2.newspaperheadlinesDonotbend!(Donotbendthisenvelope.)3.instructionsBestwishes.(Igiveyoumybestwishes.)4.postcards/diariesOperaOK,costumesgreat.(TheoperawasOK,andthecostumesweregreat.)5.notes對(duì)話雙方都知道的指代內(nèi)容可以省略；為了避免重復(fù)，下文會(huì)省略與上文一樣的部分；賓語(yǔ)從句中，主從句的謂語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，可以省略從句中的全部謂語(yǔ)甚至主語(yǔ)。但當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞之后跟兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)that可省略。狀語(yǔ)從句中主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致，而且主語(yǔ)后是be動(dòng)詞，從句主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞可以省略。在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞that,which,whom,who等常可以省略。Changethesentencesintoellipticalsentences.1.Shelikessingingandshelikesdancing.2.Isthisthedriverthatyoutalkedaboutyesterday?3.ThemanwhoissittingbythewindowisMr.Smith.4.Hecouldnotdecidewhethertobuythecarornottobuythecar.5.Whenitisheated,themetalexpands.6.Youcandoitifyouwanttodoit.7.Myfatherdesignedallthesehousesandmyfatherbuiltallthesehouses.8.HeisthelastpersonthatIwanttosee.9.Heworkedhardbuthisbrotherdidnotworkhard.10.Whilehewasreadingthenewspaper,grandpanoddedfromtimetotime.11.Hewenttothedoctorbecausehehadtogotothedoctor.12.Thereferencebookswhichwereorderedlastmonthhaven'tarrivedyet.13.Wetestedthedepthofthewaterandthetemperatureofthewater.14.Althoughheisverybusy,hewilldoitforus.15.Youmayleaveifyouwishtoleave.1.YoumeanyouareplanningatripacrosstheAtlanticforaholiday?Itsoundslikeagoodidea.2.Hetriedtosolvehisfinancialproblems,buthecouldn'tsolvetheproblems.3.Ifitisnecessary,I'llfinishmyreportonAmericanpoetryassoonasitispossible.4.Areyougoingtodresslikethat?Wearingadressmightbebetterthanwearingjeansandboots.5.Somewildmushroomsarepoisonousandsomearenotpoisonous.6.Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbook,andmysonlikesthatpaperfoldingbook,too.P30

2Rewritethesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.Readtheconversation.Findoutwhichwordshavebeenleftout.P303Justin:Linlin,I'mgoingtoGuizhouProvincenextmonth.I'msuperexcited!Anyrecommendationsforplacestovisit?Linlin:Wow,cool!Guizhouisaprovincewithalotofculturaldiversity.Placestovisit…well,definitelytheHuangguoshuWaterfallfirst.Justin:What'sspecialaboutthewaterfall?Linlin:Well,haveyoueverheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest?Justin:Yes,Ihave.Why?Linlin:Inthebackofthewaterfall,youwillfindacave,whichisthehomeoftheMonkeyKing.Justin:Really?Cool!I'lldefinitelycheckitout.Linlin:AndIstronglyrecommendtheethnicminorityvillages.You'llfindChinesecultureismuchmorediversethanyouthought.Justin:Soundsgreat,thanks!Justin:Linlin,I'mgoingtoGuizhouProvincenextmonth.I'msuperexcited!DoyouhaveanyrecommendationsforplacestovisitinGuizhouProvince?Linlin:Wow,that'scool!Guizhouisaprovincewithalotofculturaldiversity.WhataresomeplacestovisitinGuizhou?Well,definitelytheHuangguoshuWaterfallisthefirstplacetovisit

inGuizhouProvince.Justin:What'sspecialaboutthewaterfall?Linlin:Well,haveyoueverheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest?Justin:Yes,IhaveheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest.WhydoyouaskifIhaveheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest?Linlin:InthebackoftheHuangguoshuwaterfall,youwillfindacave,whichisthehomeoftheMonkeyKingfromJourneytotheWest.Justin:That's

reallytrue?It'scool!I'lldefinitelycheckitout.Linlin:AndIstronglyrecommendtheethnicminorityvillagesonyourtriptoGuizhouProvince.You'llfindChinesecultureismuchmorediversethanyouthoughtitwas.Justin:Thisall

Soundsgreat.Thanks!1.省略的概念：

為了使語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔或避免重復(fù)，省略句中的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)句子成分。2.可省略的成分。3.用省略的情況。1.Doyouwantsome?____________________________________2.Isthereanythingyouwant?____________________________________3.Ifitispossible,Iwillcallonyouthisweekend.____________________________________4.AshleymanagestheclubonThursday,andSammanagestheclubonFriday.________________________________________________________________________Ⅰ.用省略形式改寫(xiě)下列句子。Wantsome?Anythingyouwant?Ifpossible,Iwillcallonyouthisweekend.AshleymanagestheclubonThursday,andSamonFriday.5.Whenhewasaskedwhyherefusedtheoffer,Daviddidn'tsayanything.__________________________________________________________________________________________6.Bobwantstogotothestore,andJanewantstogotothestoreaswell.__________________________________________________________________________________________7.Shecouldhaveappliedforthatjob,butshedidn'tapplyforthatjob._____________________________________________8.Johnsawtwohawksinthesky,andBillsawthreehawks._____________________________________________Whenaskedwhyherefusedtheoffer,Daviddidn'tsayanything.Bobwantstogotothestore,andJanewantstoaswell/sodoesJane.Shecouldhaveappliedforthatjob,butshedidn't.Johnsawtwohawksinthesky,andBill(saw)three.Ⅱ.用省略形式完成下列對(duì)話。1.A:Doyoulikethefilm?B:____________________________(非常喜歡).2.A:Wouldyouliketogohikingwithusthisweekend?B:____________________________(我想去),butIhavepromisedtovisitmygrandpa.3.A:Nowthatwecan'tfindtheway,wecanturn

toastranger.B:_____________________(聽(tīng)起來(lái)像個(gè)好主意).4.A:ShallImakesomechangestotheplan?B:Yes._________________(如果時(shí)間允許的話).VerymuchI'dliketo/I'dlovetoSoundslikeagoodideaIftimepermits5.A:Marymaynotbefreetoday.B:_____________________(如果這樣的話),wehavetoputoffthemeeting.6.A:Whydon'ttheymovetoabiggerplace?B:_________________________(他們不想).They'rehappywheretheyare.7.A:__________________(看到我的手套了嗎)?B:They'reinthekitchen.8.A:Havemorecoffee.B:________________________(我最好不要).Iwon'tbeabletosleeplater.IfsoTheydon'twanttoSeenmyglovesI'dbetternotⅠ.標(biāo)出下面句子中可以省略的部分。1.—WhatKatesaiddidreallyhurtJohn.—I’msureshedidn’tmeantohurthim.2.Onesideofthewallshouldbepaintedyellow,andtheothersideofitshouldbepaintedwhite.3.Thediseasecanresultintotalblindnessifitisleftuntreated.4.Askhimtotakeyouhomeifitispossible.5.Thegirlisveryshy,andsheneverspeaksuntilsheisspoken